EP0971103B1 - Moteur à allumage par compression avec un dispositif de traitement du gaz d'échappement - Google Patents

Moteur à allumage par compression avec un dispositif de traitement du gaz d'échappement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0971103B1
EP0971103B1 EP99112535A EP99112535A EP0971103B1 EP 0971103 B1 EP0971103 B1 EP 0971103B1 EP 99112535 A EP99112535 A EP 99112535A EP 99112535 A EP99112535 A EP 99112535A EP 0971103 B1 EP0971103 B1 EP 0971103B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
exhaust
internal combustion
combustion engine
exhaust gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99112535A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0971103A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz-Ewo Dipl.-Ing. Von Brand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Adam Opel GmbH
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Adam Opel GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Adam Opel GmbH filed Critical Adam Opel GmbH
Publication of EP0971103A1 publication Critical patent/EP0971103A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0971103B1 publication Critical patent/EP0971103B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a device for aftertreatment of exhaust gases according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such an internal combustion engine is EP 0 488 386.
  • This known internal combustion engine is to reduce the harmful components of the exhaust gas in the exhaust system on a ceolytic basis built catalyst provided, which under certain Conditions the NOx components in the exhaust gas flow bind and when adding a reducing agent can reduce to less harmful substances.
  • a reducing agent hydrocarbons e.g. B. also the diesel fuel used for engine operation to use.
  • EP 0 708 230 it is known to be a reduction catalyst Fuel in a metered amount over one externally heated evaporator directly as a reducing agent supply. By heating the fuel in the evaporator can achieve a good reaction in the catalyst become. However, the effort and energy consumption considerably for an externally heated evaporator.
  • a porous hollow body is proposed as an evaporator, there is also a risk of the pores becoming clogged after a long time Business.
  • EP 0 621 400 it is also known to have a metered Amount of diesel fuel as a reducing agent for an exhaust gas aftertreatment device by post-injection by means of those intended for engine combustion Insert the injector into the combustion chamber, at a time when the combustion of the fuel injected by the primary injection is almost or completely completed.
  • Such Measure is technical but only with a complex Control of the injection characteristic, e.g. B. by means of a Common rail injection system - as with EP 0 784 738 suggested - feasible.
  • JP-A-06074022 is an exhaust gas purification system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with an internal one Combustion described, in addition to an exhaust gas recirculation device a device for introducing fuel in the exhaust gas to the NOx components in the Exhaust gas through reduction in a reduction catalytic converter eliminate.
  • a device for introducing fuel in the exhaust gas is an injection nozzle on a branch pipe of the exhaust manifold intended.
  • the reduction catalyst is located downstream of the exhaust manifold. That through the branch pipe flowing exhaust gas can reduce the amount of fuel injected take to the reduction catalyst where it is under the conditions of the catalyst with the NOx components should react. Measures that crack a Secure fuel before reaching the catalytic converter, are however not recognizable, so that when cleaning the exhaust gas solely on the effect of the catalyst is. The regeneration of a storage catalytic converter can thus not or only insufficiently achieved.
  • the invention has for its object a Internal combustion engine in the preamble of the claim 1 type to create, with relative simple technique a cracking of the as a reducing agent for NOx reduction for the regeneration of a NOx storage catalytic converter fuel supplied in all Operating areas of the internal combustion engine is possible.
  • the internal combustion engine has an injection nozzle for injection of fuel as a reducing agent; in the general it is used for the provision of reducing agents be sufficient just on a cylinder or on to provide such additional injectors in some cylinders, so the technical effort for deployment an optimally processing reducing agent remains low.
  • a particularly intimate mixture of hot Exhaust gas and injected as well as effectively cracked Diesel fuel is achieved when the fuel is considered thin jet directly into the one released by the exhaust valve Opening in the direction of the exhaust gas Combustion chamber of the respective cylinder is injected.
  • FIG. 1 The only figure of the drawing shows in a more schematic Form a self-igniting internal combustion engine.
  • a piston 2 is guided over a connecting rod 3 connected to a crankshaft 4 is.
  • the cylinder 1 is up with a cylinder head closed, in which an inlet channel 5 and an outlet channel 6 are arranged with one over the piston 2 located combustion chamber 7 are connected.
  • the inlet duct 5 is by means of an inlet valve 8 and the outlet channel 6 controllable by means of an outlet valve 9.
  • intake valve 8 and exhaust valve 9 are in a known manner operated with a camshaft (not shown).
  • On the exhaust duct 6 closes with an exhaust system NOx storage catalyst 10 on.
  • In the cylinder head is in the middle a fuel injector 11 is arranged.
  • a fuel injection pump 12 delivers through an injection line 13 Fuel under pressure to the fuel injector 11.
  • an injection nozzle 14 arranged so that its jet 15 to that of the exhaust valve 9 directed towards the combustion chamber 7 towards opening 16 is.
  • the injection nozzle 14 is via a pressure line 17th supplied with fuel under pressure.
  • the injector 14 is connected by means of a control line 18 with an electronic control unit 19.
  • the control unit 19 is via lines 20, 21, 22 from sensors 23, 24, 25 with signals of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine supplied, such as B. the operational load, the Speed and the catalyst condition.
  • the storage catalytic converter 10 is another in the course of the exhaust system downstream Catalyst (not shown) connected downstream.
  • the control unit 19 When operating a self-igniting internal combustion engine, especially one with direct injection, store the resulting NOx components of the exhaust gas accumulate on the storage catalytic converter 10 and are stored as long as until it is recognized by the control unit 19 that regeneration of the storage catalytic converter 10 by reduction of the stored NOx components is required.
  • the control unit 19 causes the Injector 14 over a short period of fuel in measured Amount as a reducing agent in the hot exhaust gas flow at the opening just released by the outlet valve 9 16 of the outlet channel 6 in a thin jet 15 counter the direction of the exhaust gas flow is injected.
  • This Fuel is not in the low-oxygen exhaust gas burn, but by heat and in the exhaust gas Radicals at least partially in short reactive parts of the molecule cracked and completely evaporated.
  • the fuel pretreated in this way comes together with the exhaust gas in the storage catalytic converter 10 and acts in this as a reducing agent for the accumulated NOx components. Reactions form in the storage catalytic converter 10 between the NOx molecules and the highly reactive hydrocarbon fragments of the cracked fuel what to reduce the NOx molecules in nitrogen and oxygen leads. Remaining proportions of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are in the downstream further catalyst converted to harmless components.
  • the particular advantage of the invention is in it to see that with relatively simple technical means, which also on a previously without storage catalytic converter and with usual injection working diesel engine can be retrofitted, a highly effective treatment of diesel fuel to a reducing agent.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Moteur à combustion interne à allumage spontané comprenant un dispositif de traitement des gaz d'échappement, au moins un cylindre (1) avec un piston (2) mobile guidé à l'intérieur de celui-ci, une chambre de combustion (7) disposée au-dessus du piston (2), avec au moins une soupape d'admission (8) et une soupape d'échappement (9), un canal d'admission (5) menant à la soupape d'admission (8) et un canal d'échappement (6) menant de la soupape d'échappement (9) à un circuit d'échappement, un catalyseur à accumulation (10) disposé dans le circuit d'échappement pour retenir les composants NOx des gaz d'échappement, un premier dispositif (11, 12, 13) pour l'injection d'une quantité dosée de combustible dans la chambre de combustion (7), ainsi qu'un second dispositif formé d'une buse d'injection (14) et d'un système de dosage, pour l'injection d'une quantité dosée de combustible, en tant qu'agent de réduction, dans le flux de gaz d'échappement amené au catalyseur à accumulation, en fonction de paramètres de fonctionnement du moteur à combustion interne et du catalyseur à accumulation (10), à des fins de régénération dudit catalyseur à accumulation, caractérisé en ce que pour assurer le craquage du combustible, la buse d'injection (14) du deuxième dispositif d'injection injecte la quantité dosée de combustible à contre-courant dans le flux de gaz d'échappement, dans le voisinage immédiat d'au moins une soupape d'échappement (9), qui s'ouvre consécutivement à un cycle de travail du moteur à combustion interne.
  2. Moteur à combustion interne à allumage spontané selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu sur chaque cylindre (1) du moteur à combustion interne, une buse d'injection (14) pour l'injection de combustible dans la région d'une soupape d'échappement (16), qui s'ouvre consécutivement à un cycle de travail du moteur à combustion interne.
  3. Moteur à combustion interne à allumage spontané selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu chaque fois pour un groupe de cylindres (1) du moteur à combustion interne, une buse d'injection (14) pour l'injection de combustible dans la région d'une soupape d'échappement (9), qui s'ouvre consécutivement à un cycle de travail du moteur à combustion interne.
  4. Moteur à combustion interne à allumage spontané selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la buse d'injection (14) du second dispositif d'injection injecte la quantité dosée de combustible dans la chambre de combustion (7) du cylindre (1) concerné, à contre-courant des gaz d'échappement sortants, à travers l'ouverture (16) libérée par une soupape d'échappement (9), consécutivement à un cycle de travail du moteur à combustion interne.
  5. Moteur à combustion interne à allumage spontané selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le combustible du second dispositif est injecté sous forme de jet fin.
EP99112535A 1998-07-07 1999-07-01 Moteur à allumage par compression avec un dispositif de traitement du gaz d'échappement Expired - Lifetime EP0971103B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19830275 1998-07-07
DE19830275A DE19830275A1 (de) 1998-07-07 1998-07-07 Selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Einrichtung zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0971103A1 EP0971103A1 (fr) 2000-01-12
EP0971103B1 true EP0971103B1 (fr) 2002-11-20

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99112535A Expired - Lifetime EP0971103B1 (fr) 1998-07-07 1999-07-01 Moteur à allumage par compression avec un dispositif de traitement du gaz d'échappement

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EP (1) EP0971103B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19830275A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10150267A1 (de) * 2001-10-11 2003-04-30 Opel Adam Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb eines SCR-Katalysators im Abgastrakt einer Brennkraftmaschine
FR2927656A3 (fr) * 2008-02-20 2009-08-21 Renault Sas Dispositif et procede de regeneration d'un filtre a particules

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61116013A (ja) * 1984-11-09 1986-06-03 Mitsubishi Motors Corp デイ−ゼルパテイキユレ−トオキシダイザの再生装置
JP3206678B2 (ja) * 1992-08-26 2001-09-10 いすゞ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の排気ガス浄化装置
DE4436415A1 (de) * 1994-10-12 1996-04-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einrichtung zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen einer selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschine
DE19646643C1 (de) * 1996-11-12 1998-02-12 Daimler Benz Ag Anlage zur Stickoxid-Reduktionsmitteleinspritzung in einen Abgasstrom

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Publication number Publication date
DE59903446D1 (de) 2003-01-02
EP0971103A1 (fr) 2000-01-12
DE19830275A1 (de) 2000-01-13

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