EP0971103B1 - A compression ignition type engine with a device for exhaust treatment - Google Patents
A compression ignition type engine with a device for exhaust treatment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0971103B1 EP0971103B1 EP99112535A EP99112535A EP0971103B1 EP 0971103 B1 EP0971103 B1 EP 0971103B1 EP 99112535 A EP99112535 A EP 99112535A EP 99112535 A EP99112535 A EP 99112535A EP 0971103 B1 EP0971103 B1 EP 0971103B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- exhaust
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- exhaust gas
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
Definitions
- the invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a device for aftertreatment of exhaust gases according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such an internal combustion engine is EP 0 488 386.
- This known internal combustion engine is to reduce the harmful components of the exhaust gas in the exhaust system on a ceolytic basis built catalyst provided, which under certain Conditions the NOx components in the exhaust gas flow bind and when adding a reducing agent can reduce to less harmful substances.
- a reducing agent hydrocarbons e.g. B. also the diesel fuel used for engine operation to use.
- EP 0 708 230 it is known to be a reduction catalyst Fuel in a metered amount over one externally heated evaporator directly as a reducing agent supply. By heating the fuel in the evaporator can achieve a good reaction in the catalyst become. However, the effort and energy consumption considerably for an externally heated evaporator.
- a porous hollow body is proposed as an evaporator, there is also a risk of the pores becoming clogged after a long time Business.
- EP 0 621 400 it is also known to have a metered Amount of diesel fuel as a reducing agent for an exhaust gas aftertreatment device by post-injection by means of those intended for engine combustion Insert the injector into the combustion chamber, at a time when the combustion of the fuel injected by the primary injection is almost or completely completed.
- Such Measure is technical but only with a complex Control of the injection characteristic, e.g. B. by means of a Common rail injection system - as with EP 0 784 738 suggested - feasible.
- JP-A-06074022 is an exhaust gas purification system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with an internal one Combustion described, in addition to an exhaust gas recirculation device a device for introducing fuel in the exhaust gas to the NOx components in the Exhaust gas through reduction in a reduction catalytic converter eliminate.
- a device for introducing fuel in the exhaust gas is an injection nozzle on a branch pipe of the exhaust manifold intended.
- the reduction catalyst is located downstream of the exhaust manifold. That through the branch pipe flowing exhaust gas can reduce the amount of fuel injected take to the reduction catalyst where it is under the conditions of the catalyst with the NOx components should react. Measures that crack a Secure fuel before reaching the catalytic converter, are however not recognizable, so that when cleaning the exhaust gas solely on the effect of the catalyst is. The regeneration of a storage catalytic converter can thus not or only insufficiently achieved.
- the invention has for its object a Internal combustion engine in the preamble of the claim 1 type to create, with relative simple technique a cracking of the as a reducing agent for NOx reduction for the regeneration of a NOx storage catalytic converter fuel supplied in all Operating areas of the internal combustion engine is possible.
- the internal combustion engine has an injection nozzle for injection of fuel as a reducing agent; in the general it is used for the provision of reducing agents be sufficient just on a cylinder or on to provide such additional injectors in some cylinders, so the technical effort for deployment an optimally processing reducing agent remains low.
- a particularly intimate mixture of hot Exhaust gas and injected as well as effectively cracked Diesel fuel is achieved when the fuel is considered thin jet directly into the one released by the exhaust valve Opening in the direction of the exhaust gas Combustion chamber of the respective cylinder is injected.
- FIG. 1 The only figure of the drawing shows in a more schematic Form a self-igniting internal combustion engine.
- a piston 2 is guided over a connecting rod 3 connected to a crankshaft 4 is.
- the cylinder 1 is up with a cylinder head closed, in which an inlet channel 5 and an outlet channel 6 are arranged with one over the piston 2 located combustion chamber 7 are connected.
- the inlet duct 5 is by means of an inlet valve 8 and the outlet channel 6 controllable by means of an outlet valve 9.
- intake valve 8 and exhaust valve 9 are in a known manner operated with a camshaft (not shown).
- On the exhaust duct 6 closes with an exhaust system NOx storage catalyst 10 on.
- In the cylinder head is in the middle a fuel injector 11 is arranged.
- a fuel injection pump 12 delivers through an injection line 13 Fuel under pressure to the fuel injector 11.
- an injection nozzle 14 arranged so that its jet 15 to that of the exhaust valve 9 directed towards the combustion chamber 7 towards opening 16 is.
- the injection nozzle 14 is via a pressure line 17th supplied with fuel under pressure.
- the injector 14 is connected by means of a control line 18 with an electronic control unit 19.
- the control unit 19 is via lines 20, 21, 22 from sensors 23, 24, 25 with signals of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine supplied, such as B. the operational load, the Speed and the catalyst condition.
- the storage catalytic converter 10 is another in the course of the exhaust system downstream Catalyst (not shown) connected downstream.
- the control unit 19 When operating a self-igniting internal combustion engine, especially one with direct injection, store the resulting NOx components of the exhaust gas accumulate on the storage catalytic converter 10 and are stored as long as until it is recognized by the control unit 19 that regeneration of the storage catalytic converter 10 by reduction of the stored NOx components is required.
- the control unit 19 causes the Injector 14 over a short period of fuel in measured Amount as a reducing agent in the hot exhaust gas flow at the opening just released by the outlet valve 9 16 of the outlet channel 6 in a thin jet 15 counter the direction of the exhaust gas flow is injected.
- This Fuel is not in the low-oxygen exhaust gas burn, but by heat and in the exhaust gas Radicals at least partially in short reactive parts of the molecule cracked and completely evaporated.
- the fuel pretreated in this way comes together with the exhaust gas in the storage catalytic converter 10 and acts in this as a reducing agent for the accumulated NOx components. Reactions form in the storage catalytic converter 10 between the NOx molecules and the highly reactive hydrocarbon fragments of the cracked fuel what to reduce the NOx molecules in nitrogen and oxygen leads. Remaining proportions of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are in the downstream further catalyst converted to harmless components.
- the particular advantage of the invention is in it to see that with relatively simple technical means, which also on a previously without storage catalytic converter and with usual injection working diesel engine can be retrofitted, a highly effective treatment of diesel fuel to a reducing agent.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Einrichtung zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a device for aftertreatment of exhaust gases according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine derartige Brennkraftmaschine ist mit EP 0 488 386 beschrieben. Bei dieser bekannten Brennkraftmaschine ist zur Reduzierung der schädlichen Bestandteile des Abgases ein im Abgassystem auf ceolytischer Basis aufgebauter Katalysator vorgesehen, welcher unter bestimmten Bedingungen die im Abgasstrom befindlichen NOx-Anteile binden und bei Zuführung eines Reduktionsmittels zu weniger schädlichen Stoffen reduzieren kann. Dabei ist es bekannt, als Reduktionsmittel Kohlenwasserstoffe, z. B. auch den für den motorischen Betrieb eingesetzten Dieselkraftstoff zu verwenden.Such an internal combustion engine is EP 0 488 386. In this known internal combustion engine is to reduce the harmful components of the exhaust gas in the exhaust system on a ceolytic basis built catalyst provided, which under certain Conditions the NOx components in the exhaust gas flow bind and when adding a reducing agent can reduce to less harmful substances. It is it is known as a reducing agent hydrocarbons, e.g. B. also the diesel fuel used for engine operation to use.
Dabei hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, daß bei einer direkten Zuführung von Kohlenwasserstoffen in den Abgasstrom vor dem Katalysator - wie z. B. in WO 98/07 497 A1 beschrieben - eine nur unzureichende Reduktion der NOx-Anteile des Abgases erfolgt. Ein besserer Effekt tritt ein, wenn der als Reduktionsmittel eingesetzte Dieselkraftstoff durch Erhitzen gekrackt wird. Um dies mit einer üblichen Einspritzanlage zu erreichen, wird gemäß EP 0 488 386 eine bestimmte Menge Dieselkraftstoff in dem Moment dem Ansaugrohr zugeführt, bei dem eine Überschneidung der Ventilöffnung von Einlaß- und Auslaßventil auftritt. Während dieser Zeit soll der in das Ansaugrohr eingebrachte Kraftstoff mit den heißen Abgasen im Brennraum in Kontakt kommen, gekrackt werden und dann zusammen mit den Abgasen dem Katalysator zugeführt werden. Ein ausreichender Gasstrom vom Einlaßkanal durch den Brennraum in den Abgaskanal bei der Überschneidung der Ventilöffnungszeiten stellt sich bei einer Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine aber nur bei relativ hohen Drehzahlen ein. Somit kann eine solche Abgasreinigungsanlage auch nur bei solchen Drehzahlen wirksam sein.However, it has been found that at a direct supply of hydrocarbons in the Exhaust gas flow before the catalyst - such as. B. in WO 98/07 497 A1 - an insufficient reduction in the NOx shares in the exhaust gas. A better effect occurs when the diesel fuel used as a reducing agent is cracked by heating. To do this with To achieve a common injection system is according to EP 0 488 386 a certain amount of diesel fuel in the Moment fed to the intake pipe, where there is an overlap the valve opening of the intake and exhaust valve occurs. During this time it should go into the intake pipe fuel brought in with the hot exhaust gases in the combustion chamber come into contact, get cracked and then together are fed to the catalyst with the exhaust gases. On sufficient gas flow from the inlet duct through the combustion chamber into the exhaust duct when the valve opening times overlap arises in a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine but only at relatively high speeds. Consequently can such an exhaust gas purification system only with such Speeds to be effective.
Nach EP 0 708 230 ist es bekannt, einem Reduktionskatalysator Kraftstoff in dosierter Menge über einen fremd geheizten Verdampfer direkt als Reduktionsmittel zuzuführen. Durch die Erhitzung des Kraftstoffes im Verdampfer kann eine gute Reaktion im Katalysator erreicht werden. Allerdings ist der Aufwand und der Energieverbrauch für einen fremd geheizten Verdampfer erheblich. Da als Verdampfer ein poröser Hohlkörper vorgeschlagen wird, besteht auch die Gefahr des Zusetzens der Poren nach längerem Betrieb. Außerdem ist ein als Sinterkörper ausgebildeter poröser Hohlkörper den ständig wechselnden Temperaturen auf Dauer nicht gewachsen. Er wird vorzeitig zerstört. Um eine unzureichende Verdampfung des Kraftstoffs in einem porösen Hohlkörper zu vermeiden, wird mit DE 196 25 447 vorgeschlagen, als Verdampfer eine Hülse aus Metall zu verwenden. Nachteilig ist bei einer solchen Einrichtung der weiterhin bestehende hohe Energieverbrauch für den Verdampfungsvorgang.According to EP 0 708 230, it is known to be a reduction catalyst Fuel in a metered amount over one externally heated evaporator directly as a reducing agent supply. By heating the fuel in the evaporator can achieve a good reaction in the catalyst become. However, the effort and energy consumption considerably for an externally heated evaporator. There a porous hollow body is proposed as an evaporator, there is also a risk of the pores becoming clogged after a long time Business. There is also a sintered body porous hollow body the constantly changing temperatures not grown in the long run. He is going ahead destroyed. Inadequate evaporation of the fuel in a porous hollow body is avoided with DE 196 25 447 proposed a sleeve as an evaporator made of metal. The disadvantage of such a Establishment of continued high energy consumption for the evaporation process.
Nach EP 0 621 400 ist es auch bekannt, eine zugemessene Menge Dieselkraftstoff als Reduktionsmittel für eine Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung durch eine Nacheinspritzung mittels der für die motorische Verbrennung vorgesehenen Einspritzdüse in den Brennraum einzubringen, und zwar zu einem Zeitpunkt, bei dem die Verbrennung des durch die primäre Einspritzung eingebrachten Kraftstoffes nahezu oder vollständig abgeschlossen ist. Eine derartige Maßnahme ist technisch aber nur mit einer aufwendigen Steuerung der Einspritzcharakteristik, z. B. mittels einer Common Rail Einspritzanlage - wie auch durch EP 0 784 738 vorgeschlagen - realisierbar.According to EP 0 621 400 it is also known to have a metered Amount of diesel fuel as a reducing agent for an exhaust gas aftertreatment device by post-injection by means of those intended for engine combustion Insert the injector into the combustion chamber, at a time when the combustion of the fuel injected by the primary injection is almost or completely completed. Such Measure is technical but only with a complex Control of the injection characteristic, e.g. B. by means of a Common rail injection system - as with EP 0 784 738 suggested - feasible.
Mit JP-A-06074022 ist eine Abgas-Reinigungs-Anlage für eine Mehrzylinder-Brennkraftmaschine mit innerer Verbrennung beschrieben, die neben einer Abgasrückführeinrichtung eine Einrichtung zum Einbringen von Kraftstoff in das Abgas aufweist, um die NOx-Bestandteile im Abgas durch Reduktion in einem Reduktions-Katalysator zu eliminieren. Zum Einbringen des Kraftstoffes in das Abgas ist eine Einspritzdüse an einem Zweigrohr der Abgassammelleitung vorgesehen. Der Reduktionskatalysator befindet sich stromab der Abgassammelleitung. Das durch das Zweigrohr strömende Abgas kann so die eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge zum Reduktionskatalysator mitnehmen, wo es unter den Bedingungen des Katalysators mit den NOx-Bestandteilen reagieren soll. Maßnahmen, die ein Kracken des Kraftstoffes vor dem Erreichen des Katalysators sichern, sind allerdings nicht erkennbar, so dass bei der Abgasreinigung allein auf die Wirkung des Katalysators gesetzt ist. Die Regenerierung eines Speicherkatalysators kann damit nicht bzw. nur unzureichend erzielt werden.JP-A-06074022 is an exhaust gas purification system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with an internal one Combustion described, in addition to an exhaust gas recirculation device a device for introducing fuel in the exhaust gas to the NOx components in the Exhaust gas through reduction in a reduction catalytic converter eliminate. For introducing the fuel into the exhaust gas is an injection nozzle on a branch pipe of the exhaust manifold intended. The reduction catalyst is located downstream of the exhaust manifold. That through the branch pipe flowing exhaust gas can reduce the amount of fuel injected take to the reduction catalyst where it is under the conditions of the catalyst with the NOx components should react. Measures that crack a Secure fuel before reaching the catalytic converter, are however not recognizable, so that when cleaning the exhaust gas solely on the effect of the catalyst is. The regeneration of a storage catalytic converter can thus not or only insufficiently achieved.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Brennkraftmaschine der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 genannten Art zu schaffen, bei der mit relativ einfacher Technik eine Aufkrackung des als Reduktionsmittel zur NOx-Reduktion für die Regeneration eines NOx-Speicherkatalysators zugeführten Kraftstoffes in allen Betriebsbereichen der Brennkraftmaschine möglich ist.The invention has for its object a Internal combustion engine in the preamble of the claim 1 type to create, with relative simple technique a cracking of the as a reducing agent for NOx reduction for the regeneration of a NOx storage catalytic converter fuel supplied in all Operating areas of the internal combustion engine is possible.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The invention solves this problem with the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Durch das Einspritzen einer zugemessenen Dieselkraftstoffmenge als Reduktionsmittel zur Reduktion von NOx-Anteilen des Abgases in einem im Abgasstrang angeordneten Speicherkatalysator über eine begrenzte Zeit in die von einem Auslaßventil nach einem Arbeitsspiel des betreffenden Zylinders der Brennkraftmaschine freigegebene Öffnung und damit zur Regenerierung des Speicherkatalysators wird der Kraftstoff mit dem sauerstoffarmen und im Bereich der Ventilöffnung stark bewegten Abgas gründlich vermischt. Die dem Abgas innewohnende Wärme verdampft den Kraftstoff nicht nur, sondern krackt ihn auch auf, so daß ein sehr reaktionsfreudiges Reduktionsmittel im Katalysator zur Verfügung steht.By injecting a measured amount of diesel fuel as a reducing agent for reducing NOx fractions of the exhaust gas in an arranged in the exhaust line Storage catalytic converter into the from an exhaust valve after a working cycle of relevant cylinder of the internal combustion engine released Opening and thus for regeneration of the storage catalytic converter the fuel becomes low in oxygen and strongly moving exhaust gas in the area of the valve opening thoroughly mixed. The heat inherent in the exhaust gas Not only does the fuel evaporate, it cracks it also on so that a very reactive reductant is available in the catalyst.
Es kann zwar an der Auslaßseite jedes Zylinders der Brennkraftmaschine eine Einspritzdüse zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff als Reduktionsmittel vorgesehen sein; im allgemeinen wird es für die Bereitstellung von Reduktionsmittel ausreichend sein, nur an einem Zylinder oder an einigen Zylindern solche zusätzlichen Einspritzdüsen vorzusehen, so daß der technische Aufwand für die Bereitstellung eines optimal aufbereitenden Reduktionsmittels gering bleibt.Although it can be on the exhaust side of each cylinder the internal combustion engine has an injection nozzle for injection of fuel as a reducing agent; in the general it is used for the provision of reducing agents be sufficient just on a cylinder or on to provide such additional injectors in some cylinders, so the technical effort for deployment an optimally processing reducing agent remains low.
Eine besonders innige Vermischung von heißem Abgas und eingespritztem sowie wirkungsvoll aufgekracktem Dieselkraftstoff wird erzielt, wenn der Kraftstoff als dünner Strahl direkt in die vom Auslaßventil freigegebene Öffnung entgegen dem ausströmenden Abgas in Richtung des Brennraumes des jeweiligen Zylinders gespritzt wird.A particularly intimate mixture of hot Exhaust gas and injected as well as effectively cracked Diesel fuel is achieved when the fuel is considered thin jet directly into the one released by the exhaust valve Opening in the direction of the exhaust gas Combustion chamber of the respective cylinder is injected.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand einer Zeichnung näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is as follows described in more detail with reference to a drawing.
Die einzige Figur der Zeichnung zeigt in schematisierter
Form eine selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschine.
In einem Zylinder 1 ist ein Kolben 2 geführt, der über
eine Pleuelstange 3 mit einer Kurbelwelle 4 verbunden
ist. Der Zylinder 1 ist nach oben mit einem Zylinderkopf
verschlossene, in welchem ein Einlaßkanal 5 und ein Auslaßkanal
6 angeordnet sind, die mit einem über dem Kolben
2 befindlichen Brennraum 7 in Verbindung stehen. Der Einlaßkanal
5 ist mittels eines Einlaßventils 8 und der Auslaßkanal
6 mittels eines Auslaßventils 9 steuerbar. Einlaßventil
8 und Auslaßventil 9 werden in bekannter Weise
mit einer Nockenwelle (nicht dargestellt) betätigt. An
den Auslaßkanal 6 schließt sich ein Abgassystem mit einem
NOx-Speicherkatalysator 10 an. Im Zylinderkopf ist mittig
eine Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse 11 angeordnet. Eine Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe
12 liefert durch eine Einspritzleitung
13 Kraftstoff unter Druck an die Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse
11. Im Auslaßkanal 6 ist eine Einspritzdüse 14
so angeordnet, daß ihr Strahl 15 auf die vom Auslaßventil
9 zum Brennraum 7 hin freigegebene Öffnung 16 gerichtet
ist. Die Einspritzdüse 14 wird über eine Druckleitung 17
mit unter Druck stehendem Kraftstoff versorgt. Die Einspritzdüse
14 ist mittels einer Steuerleitung 18 verbunden
mit einer elektronischen Steuereinheit 19. Die Steuereinheit
19 wird über Leitungen 20, 21, 22 von Sensoren
23, 24, 25 mit Signalen von Betriebsparametern der Brennkraftmaschine
versorgt, wie z. B. die Betriebslast, die
Drehzahl und den Katalysatorzustand. Dem Speicherkatalysator
10 ist im Verlauf des Abgassystems stromab ein weiterer
Katalysator (nicht gezeichnet) nachgeschaltet. The only figure of the drawing shows in a more schematic
Form a self-igniting internal combustion engine.
In a cylinder 1, a
Die beim Betrieb einer selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschine,
insbesondere einer solchen mit Direkteinspritzung,
entstehenden NOx-Anteile des Abgases lagern
sich am Speicherkatalysator 10 an und werden solange gespeichert,
bis von der Steuereinheit 19 erkannt wird, daß
eine Regenerierung des Speicherkatalysators 10 durch Reduktion
der gespeicherten NOx-Anteile erforderlich ist.
Dazu wird von der Steuereinheit 19 veranlaßt, daß von der
Einspritzdüse 14 über eine kurze Dauer Kraftstoff in bemessener
Menge als Reduktionsmittel in den heißen Abgasstrom
an der gerade vom Auslaßventil 9 freigegebenen Öffnung
16 des Auslaßkanals 6 in dünnem Strahl 15 entgegen
der Richtung des Abgasstromes eingespritzt wird. Dieser
Kraftstoff wird in dem sauerstoffarmen Abgas nicht
verbrennen, sondern durch Wärme und im Abgas befindliche
Radikale zumindest teilweise in kurze reaktionsaktive Molekülteile
gekrackt und vollständig verdampft.When operating a self-igniting internal combustion engine,
especially one with direct injection,
store the resulting NOx components of the exhaust gas
accumulate on the storage
Der so vorbehandelte Kraftstoff gelangt zusammen
mit dem Abgas in den Speicherkatalysator 10 und wirkt
in diesem als Reduktionsmittel für die angelagerten NOx-Anteile.
Im Speicherkatalysator 10 bilden sich Reaktionen
zwischen den NOx-Molekülen und den hoch reaktiven Kohlenwasserstoffbruchstücken
des gekrackten Kraftstoffes, was
zur Reduktion der NOx-Moleküle in Stickstoff und Sauerstoff
führt. Verbleibende Anteile von Kohlenwasserstoffen
und Kohlenmonoxid werden im nachgeschalteten weiteren Katalysator
zu unschädlichen Bestandteilen umgewandelt.The fuel pretreated in this way comes together
with the exhaust gas in the storage
Der besondere Vorteil der'Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, daß mit relativ einfachen technischen Mitteln, die auch an eine bisher ohne Speicherkatalysator und mit üblicher Einspritzung arbeitende Dieselbrennkraftmaschine nachrüstbar sind, eine hochwirksame Aufbereitung von Dieselkraftstoff zu einem Reduktionsmittel ermöglicht wird.The particular advantage of the invention is in it to see that with relatively simple technical means, which also on a previously without storage catalytic converter and with usual injection working diesel engine can be retrofitted, a highly effective treatment of diesel fuel to a reducing agent.
Claims (5)
- Compression-ignition internal combustion engine with a device for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases, with at least one cylinder (1) and a piston (2) guided movably therein, a combustion chamber (7). with at least one inlet valve (8) and one exhaust valve (9) located above the piston (2), an inlet port (5) leading to the inlet valve (8) and an exhaust port (6) leading from the exhaust valve (9) to an exhaust system, a storage catalyst (10) arranged in the exhaust system for the storage of NOx components of the exhaust gas, with a first device (11, 12, 13) for the metered injection of fuel into the combustion chamber (7) and a second device formed by an injection nozzle (14) and a proportioning system for the metered introduction of fuel as a reducing agent into the stream of exhaust gas delivered to the storage catalyst as a function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine as well as of the storage catalyst (10) for regeneration of the storage catalyst, characterised in that for the cracking of fuel the injection nozzle (14) of the second device injects the proportioned fuel in the direction opposite the exhaust stream into the direct region of at least one exhaust valve (9) which opens after one working cycle of the engine.
- Compression-ignition internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterised in that on each cylinder (1) of the engine is provided an injection nozzle (14) for the injection of fuel in the region of an exhaust valve (16) which opens after one working cycle of the engine.
- Compression-ignition internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterised in that in each case for a group of cylinders (1) there is provided an injection nozzle (14) for the injection of fuel into the region of an exhaust valve (9) which opens after one working cycle of the engine.
- Compression-ignition internal combustion engine according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the injection nozzle (14) of the second device injects the proportioned fuel through the opening (16) which becomes free after one working cycle of the engine, in the direction opposite the exiting exhaust gas into the combustion chamber (7) of the respective cylinder (1).
- Compression-ignition internal combustion engine according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the fuel of the second device is injected as a thin jet.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19830275A DE19830275A1 (en) | 1998-07-07 | 1998-07-07 | Self-igniting internal combustion engine with a device for aftertreatment of exhaust gases |
| DE19830275 | 1998-07-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0971103A1 EP0971103A1 (en) | 2000-01-12 |
| EP0971103B1 true EP0971103B1 (en) | 2002-11-20 |
Family
ID=7873201
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99112535A Expired - Lifetime EP0971103B1 (en) | 1998-07-07 | 1999-07-01 | A compression ignition type engine with a device for exhaust treatment |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0971103B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19830275A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10150267A1 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2003-04-30 | Opel Adam Ag | Selective catalytic reduction catalyst operation, comprises supplying the catalyst with unburnt hydrocarbons or carbon monoxide to convert nitrogen oxides |
| FR2927656A3 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2009-08-21 | Renault Sas | Combustion engine's particle filter regenerating device, has post-injection duct that includes orifice opened in exhaust duct in downstream of exhaust valve and upstream of filter, and is associated to obturator controlling passage of fuel |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61116013A (en) * | 1984-11-09 | 1986-06-03 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Regenerative apparatus in diesel-particulate oxidizer |
| JP3206678B2 (en) * | 1992-08-26 | 2001-09-10 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
| DE4436415A1 (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1996-04-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases from a self-igniting internal combustion engine |
| DE19646643C1 (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-02-12 | Daimler Benz Ag | Jet discharge process for reducing nitrogen oxide in automotive engine exhausts |
-
1998
- 1998-07-07 DE DE19830275A patent/DE19830275A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-07-01 EP EP99112535A patent/EP0971103B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-01 DE DE59903446T patent/DE59903446D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0971103A1 (en) | 2000-01-12 |
| DE59903446D1 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
| DE19830275A1 (en) | 2000-01-13 |
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