EP0968065B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen gerichtet erstarrter guss-stücke - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen gerichtet erstarrter guss-stücke Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0968065B1 EP0968065B1 EP98946047A EP98946047A EP0968065B1 EP 0968065 B1 EP0968065 B1 EP 0968065B1 EP 98946047 A EP98946047 A EP 98946047A EP 98946047 A EP98946047 A EP 98946047A EP 0968065 B1 EP0968065 B1 EP 0968065B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- water
- tank
- cooled
- heating zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/045—Directionally solidified castings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to metal casting and can be used in producing castings with directional and single crystal structure.
- the invention relates to a metal casting apparatus with a water-cooled tank having a truncated cone shape.
- An apparatus for directional solidification generally comprises a vacuum chamber inside which there are disposed a mold heating zone, a baffle system, a water-cooled chill plate usually made of copper, an induction furnace, and a thermocouple system that automatically controlls and maintains the temperature in a cooling zone and in a heating zone within the furnace.
- a vacuum chamber inside which there are disposed a mold heating zone, a baffle system, a water-cooled chill plate usually made of copper, an induction furnace, and a thermocouple system that automatically controlls and maintains the temperature in a cooling zone and in a heating zone within the furnace.
- cooling zone is a liquid cooling bath with a material that melts easily to serve the role of the cooling medium.
- the liquid metal bath is disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos 3763926 and 3915761, and Russian Federation Patent No 2010672.
- the closest prior art to the present invention is an apparatus disclosed in French Patent Application 2604378, being accepted as a prototype.
- This prototype apparatus comprises a vacuum chamber with a heating member inside where there is disposed a ceramic mold fixed on a water-cooled metallic plate which is moved up and down with the help of a rod and of an actuator for vertical transportation.
- a horizontal baffle separates a heating zone and a cooling zone.
- In the cooling zone concentrically with the chill plate, there is disposed an additional circular water-cooled cavity with the inner diameter exceeding the mold's maximal size.
- Below the cavity there is disposed a container which is utilized for capturing the poured casting metal in the event of mold breakage.
- the above apparatuses can function only when they comprise a crystallizer. It is impossible to use such installation for directional solidification processing with a liquid metal coolant and it is difficult to utilize the expensive alloys used in directional solidification castings in the event of mold breakage. Thus there is a need for a casting apparatus that provides a means that efficiently cools the molten cast alloy while protecting the equipment from damage in the event that the ceramic mold breaks while containing the molten cast alloy material.
- the technical aim of this invention is to produce castings having the directional and single crystal structure by the method of radiation cooling without using the above-mentioned crystallizer.
- Another aim of the invention is to be able to reconstruct easily the invented apparatus for both radiation crystallization processing and liquid metal cooling crystallization processing.
- the inventive apparatus also increases the reliability and economic profit due to the apparatus' performance.
- the invention comprises an apparatus in accordance with claim 1 hereof and a method in accordance with claim 9.
- the inventive apparatus comprises a vacuum chamber inside which there is disposed an induction melting furnace, a mold preheating furnace with a ceramic mold, a drive assembly for mold transportation and a water-cooled tank.
- the drive assembly comprises a rod on which the mold is fixed with the help of a hanger and a regulating actuator for vertical movement being positioned above the vacuum chamber.
- the water-cooled tank is shaped as a truncated cone. Its upper portion is opened towards the heating zone, and its bottom portion has a smaller base than the upper portion.
- a baffle separates the heating zone inside the induction furnace from the cooling zone; said baffle moves in a horizontal plane and closely adjoins the mold during the solidification process. It consists of the segments or sectors (not less than 2 from each side).
- the apparatus performs as follows: the mold (1) is disposed on the hanger (2) and is fixed on the movable rod (3).
- the hanger (2), the movable rod (3), and the regulating actuator comprise the drive assembly (14).
- the mold (1) is placed into the mold preheater furnace (9) with the help of the actuator while regulating the mold position relative to the heater (4).
- the heat baffle (5) is disposed under the heating zone (10).
- the top butt end of the water-cooled tank (6) adjoins the baffle's (5) lower surface and is positioned coaxially with the heater (4) and (11).
- the vacuum chamber (12) is evacuated to 1 x 10 -3 mm m.c.
- the mold preheating furnace (9) is switched on.
- the induction furnace's heater (11) Upon reaching the mold temperature of 100-150 °C higher than the liquidus temperature of the alloy being cast, the induction furnace's heater (11) is switched on, the alloy (7) being cast melts and is poured into the heated ceramic mold at the predetermined temperature. After that, the actuator for vertical transportation lowers the mold from the heating zone (10) into the cooling zone (13) at the required rate. Solidification of the molten cast alloy occurs by radiation onto the cold walls of the water-cooled tank. Due to this fact it becomes possible to produce large sized castings with directional and single crystal microstructure. Large size castings can include blades, nozzles, buckets, airfoils, and the like, that are used both in aircraft and land-based turbine engines. The castings are often greater than 30 inches in overall height.
- the heater (4 and 11) is switched off.
- the temperature is decreased to 300-400 °C, the mold with the solidified casting alloy is extracted from the installation which has been previously decompressed. Then the process is repeated for the next mold.
- a single crystal seed with proper orientation is positioned into the top of the starting zone (8) of the ceramic mold before it is disposed in the vacuum chamber. Then the mold position is strictly fixed relative to the heater. In such event the seed and the solidified portion of the starting zone serve as a cooling medium, and further solidification of the melt is caused by radiation cooling in the water-cooled tank as stated above.
- the use of the water-cooled tank instead of a chill plate allows the same or better working efficiency of said tank than that of a chill plate or of the prototype circular water-cooled cavity. At the same time the water-cooled tank of this invention does not require the use of a complex drive assembly with airtight seals.
- the heat baffle (5) is used for raising the axial temperature gradient at the solidification front.
- Said baffle moves in a horizontal plane, closely adjoins the ceramic mold according to its geometry during the solidification process and consists of the segments or sectors (not less than 2 from each side).
- the water-cooled tank may be made of stainless steel and contain a double layer wall surrounding the perimeter of the tank. A vacuum atmosphere is created in the tank to further aid in the cooling of the cast parts.
- the tank may also effectively function as a mold catch basin in the event of mold breakage, and the expensive, poured casting alloy may be easily removed from the tapered tank and be remelted.
- the apparatus of this invention allows one to produce high quality castings having the directional and single crystal structure, including the large sized castings used in the land based turbine industry, by the method of radiation cooling without using the crystallizers of the prior art.
- the invention also gives the possibility to reconstruct easily the disclosed apparatus for liquid metal cooling crystallization processing, to use successively the invented water-cooled tank as a mold catch basin in the event of mold breakage, and to increase the reliability and economic profitability of the apparatus' performance.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Claims (10)
- Einrichtung zum Erzeugen von Gussstücken mit gerichteter und einkristalliner Struktur, wobei die Einrichtung eine Vakuumkammer (12), in der ein Induktionsschmelzofen (15) und ein Formvorheizofen (9) angeordnet sind, eine Keramikform (1), die an einer Transport-Antriebsvorrichtung (14) befestigt ist, die eine Stange (3) und ein Stellglied (14) für Vertikalbewegung aufweist, eine Kühlvorrichtung, eine Leitanordnung (5), die eine Heizzone (10) und einen wassergekühlten Tank (6) trennt, der einen geschlossenen Bodenabschnitt (16) und einen oberen Abschnitt (17) aufweist, der in Richtung auf die Heizzone (10) geöffnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlvorrichtung aus dem wassergekühlten Tank (6) besteht und das Stellglied über der Vakuumkammer angeordnet ist.
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wassergekühlte Tank (6) wie ein stumpfer Kegel geformt ist, wobei sein unterer Abschnitt (16) eine kleinere Basis hat als der obere Abschnitt (17) des Tanks (6).
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Leitanordnung (5) in einer horizontalen Ebene angelenkt ist und aus wenigstens zwei Sektoren oder Segmenten besteht, die während eines Erstarrungsprozesses eng an der Keramikform (1) angrenzen.
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Antriebsanordnung (14) ferner einen Formaufhänger (2) aufweist.
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der wassergekühlte Tank (6) als eine Formauffangbecken benutzt werden kann.
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Form (1) eine Starterkammer (8) für einen Kristall mit einer definierten Kristallorientierung enthält.
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der wassergekühlte Tank (6) eine Doppelwand aufweist.
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der wassergekühlte Tank (6) aus rostfreiem Stahl hergestellt ist.
- Verfahren zum Herstellen einer direktionalen oder einkristallinen Legierungsstruktur enthaltend die Schritte: Anordnen einer Form (1) in einem Formvorheizofen (9) relativ zu einer Heizeinrichtung (4), wobei die Form an einer Transport-Antriebsvorrichtung befestigt wird, die eine Stange (3) und ein Stellglied (14) für Vertikalbewegung aufweist, die sich über der Vakuumkammer befindet; Erhitzen der Form (1) auf eine Temperatur von etwa 100 bis 150°C über der Liquidus-Temperatur einer Giesslegierung; Schmelzen der Giesslegierung; Giessen der geschmolzenen Legierung (7) in die erhitzte Form (1); Absenken der Form (1) mit der geschmolzenen Legierung bei einer erforderlichen Rate von einer Heizzone (10) in eine Kühlzone (13), die aus einem wassergekühlten Tank (6) besteht, der einen geschlossenen Bodenabschnitt und einen offenen oberen Abschnitt aufweist, wobei sich dazwischen wassergekühlte Wände erstrecken; und Erstarren der geschmolzenen Legierung durch Strahlung auf die wassergekühlten Wände des Tanks (6).
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Form (1) durch eine Leitanordnung (5) hindurchtritt, die zwischen der Heizzone (10) und der Kühlzone (13) angeordnet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU97115515A RU2117550C1 (ru) | 1997-09-12 | 1997-09-12 | Устройство для получения отливок с направленной и монокристаллической структурой |
RU97115515 | 1997-09-12 | ||
PCT/US1998/019021 WO1999012679A1 (en) | 1997-09-12 | 1998-09-14 | Method and apparatus for producing directionally solidified castings |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0968065A1 EP0968065A1 (de) | 2000-01-05 |
EP0968065B1 true EP0968065B1 (de) | 2004-12-01 |
Family
ID=20197238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98946047A Expired - Lifetime EP0968065B1 (de) | 1997-09-12 | 1998-09-14 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen gerichtet erstarrter guss-stücke |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0968065B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE283746T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE69827932D1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2117550C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999012679A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103394674A (zh) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-20 | 西安工程大学 | 薄壁铸件铸造用真空感应炉及铸造薄壁钛合金铸件的方法 |
US8752611B2 (en) | 2011-08-04 | 2014-06-17 | General Electric Company | System and method for directional casting |
CN106180589A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 柳州三木科技有限公司 | 一种播种机轮毂的锻造方法 |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1162016B1 (de) * | 2000-05-13 | 2004-07-21 | ALSTOM Technology Ltd | Vorrichtung zum Giessen eines gerichtet erstarrten Giesskörpers |
KR100416303B1 (ko) * | 2000-12-28 | 2004-01-31 | 이재현 | 일방향응고용 시편제조장치 |
US6896030B2 (en) | 2003-07-30 | 2005-05-24 | Howmet Corporation | Directional solidification method and apparatus |
CN102278881A (zh) * | 2011-08-12 | 2011-12-14 | 上海理工大学 | 快速凝固的真空感应熔炼炉 |
CN112157245B (zh) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-29 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 利用lmc定向凝固技术制备大尺寸定向叶片过程中定向柱晶晶粒控制方法 |
RU2754215C1 (ru) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-08-30 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов" (ФГУП "ВИАМ") | Устройство для получения крупногабаритных отливок с направленной и монокристаллической структурой |
RU2754333C1 (ru) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-09-01 | Акционерное общество «ОДК-Авиадвигатель» | Способ изготовления керамических оболочковых форм для литья по выплавляемым моделям лопаток турбин с направленной и монокристаллической структурой |
CN114734024A (zh) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-12 | 上海元定科技有限公司 | 一种液体金属冷却真空精密铸造炉及工作方法 |
CN114505467B (zh) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-01 | 太原科技大学 | 一种利用电磁感应补温的铝合金铸造模具及铸造方法 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3532155A (en) * | 1967-12-05 | 1970-10-06 | Martin Metals Co | Process for producing directionally solidified castings |
US3680625A (en) * | 1970-11-12 | 1972-08-01 | Trw Inc | Heat reflector |
US3915761A (en) * | 1971-09-15 | 1975-10-28 | United Technologies Corp | Unidirectionally solidified alloy articles |
US3763926A (en) * | 1971-09-15 | 1973-10-09 | United Aircraft Corp | Apparatus for casting of directionally solidified articles |
FR2604378B1 (fr) * | 1978-06-30 | 1989-10-27 | Snecma | Appareillage de fonderie pour la fabrication de pieces metalliques moulees a structure orientee |
US4804311A (en) * | 1981-12-14 | 1989-02-14 | United Technologies Corporation | Transverse directional solidification of metal single crystal articles |
US4412577A (en) * | 1982-01-27 | 1983-11-01 | United Technologies Corporation | Control of seed melt-back during directional solidification of metals |
US5197531A (en) * | 1990-06-13 | 1993-03-30 | Leybold Aktiengesellschaft | Method of manufacturing directionally solidified castings |
RU2010672C1 (ru) * | 1991-02-15 | 1994-04-15 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов | Способ получения монокристаллических отливок |
EP0631832B1 (de) * | 1993-07-02 | 1998-05-20 | ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH | Verfahren zum gerichteten Erstarren einer Metallschmelze und Giessvorrichtung zu seiner Durchführung |
DE19539770A1 (de) * | 1995-06-20 | 1997-01-02 | Abb Research Ltd | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gerichtet erstarrten Gießkörpers und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
DE19602554C1 (de) * | 1996-01-25 | 1997-09-18 | Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen Gießen und gerichteten Erstarren von mehreren Gußkörpern |
-
1997
- 1997-09-12 RU RU97115515A patent/RU2117550C1/ru active
-
1998
- 1998-09-14 WO PCT/US1998/019021 patent/WO1999012679A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-09-14 EP EP98946047A patent/EP0968065B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-14 AT AT98946047T patent/ATE283746T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-09-14 DE DE69827932T patent/DE69827932D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8752611B2 (en) | 2011-08-04 | 2014-06-17 | General Electric Company | System and method for directional casting |
US9597728B2 (en) | 2011-08-04 | 2017-03-21 | General Electric Company | System and article of manufacture for directional casting |
CN103394674A (zh) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-20 | 西安工程大学 | 薄壁铸件铸造用真空感应炉及铸造薄壁钛合金铸件的方法 |
CN103394674B (zh) * | 2013-07-24 | 2016-01-13 | 西安工程大学 | 薄壁铸件铸造用真空感应炉及铸造薄壁钛合金铸件的方法 |
CN106180589A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 柳州三木科技有限公司 | 一种播种机轮毂的锻造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2117550C1 (ru) | 1998-08-20 |
EP0968065A1 (de) | 2000-01-05 |
ATE283746T1 (de) | 2004-12-15 |
DE69827932D1 (de) | 2005-01-05 |
WO1999012679A1 (en) | 1999-03-18 |
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