EP0966334A1 - Device for plugging and controlling continuous hot casting, with improved nozzle exchanger - Google Patents
Device for plugging and controlling continuous hot casting, with improved nozzle exchangerInfo
- Publication number
- EP0966334A1 EP0966334A1 EP98907087A EP98907087A EP0966334A1 EP 0966334 A1 EP0966334 A1 EP 0966334A1 EP 98907087 A EP98907087 A EP 98907087A EP 98907087 A EP98907087 A EP 98907087A EP 0966334 A1 EP0966334 A1 EP 0966334A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- frame
- jack
- cylinder
- shutter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
- B22D41/24—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings characterised by a rectilinearly movable plate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/56—Means for supporting, manipulating or changing a pouring-nozzle
Definitions
- Shutter-regulator device for continuous hot casting, with improved nozzle exchanger.
- the invention relates to installations for continuous hot casting, which are used in particular for the production of raw steel products.
- An essential element of such an installation is the casting member, which is called the submerged nozzle.
- the casting member which is called the submerged nozzle.
- the submerged nozzle Mounted on a metallurgical or steel container, it ensures a good distribution of the flow of liquid metal, which must ultimately lead to a continuous casting path, where a progressive cooling and solidification of the liquid metal takes place. All parts in contact with metal at high temperature are naturally made of refractory material. They are also subject to wear or blockage, in particular the nozzle, which must be changed periodically to extend the casting sequence.
- a shutter-regulator device for continuous hot casting intended to be mounted on a metallurgical or steel container, and of the type comprising, on a frame, a shutter assembly. , a path for supplying a pouring tubing known as a submerged nozzle, adjacent to the outlet of the obturator, spring plungers for maintaining this nozzle in the operating position in line with the obturator assembly, on the inlet path, which is suitable for receiving another nozzle in the standby position, and a translator with offset cylinder, provided with a nozzle drive arm, while resting on a cam track. It seemed difficult to do better, especially more compact. The present invention, however, further improves things.
- the cylinder body is provided at the head with a probe capable of cooperating with the cam track, and also supports the drive arm, while the cylinder rod is fixed to the frame. This makes it possible to reduce the dimensional size of the device.
- the jack is contracted when a nozzle is operating, while it is extended for the displacement of the nozzles by pushing.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified plan view of a nozzle device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a vertical section of FIG. 1, along the line II-II, and
- Figure 3 a vertical section of Figure 1, along the line III-III.
- the frame of the device is defined by beams 102 and 103, joined to the right by a cross member 101 ( Figure 1), and surmounting parallel lower beams 104 and 105 (Figure 3).
- the beams are held in place by an assembly comprising elements for guiding a cylinder body 504 and a frame 106.
- a cover 200 enclosing a refractory piece 201 ( Figures 2 and 3). This part 201 ensures the connection with the refractory of the container under which the device is fixed, in known manner.
- two other superposed refractory plates are provided, 202 and 203.
- the central plate 202 is used for controlling the flow rate in the nozzle, using a jack control mechanism, not shown here (see EP-B-0 441 927).
- the plate 202 is enclosed in a movable frame which can slide between the elements 104 and 105 of the frame (FIG. 3).
- the path for supplying the nozzles is visible at the end at 310 in FIG. 2.
- one of the guide profiles is seen intended to cooperate with one of the straight edges of the nozzle base: 320 and 321 slightly ascending profiles, then the pushers 323 to 325 (elastic recalls for example at 330 and 340, FIG. 2), and then an output profile 326, descending.
- brackets such as 400 ( Figure 3) which support and guide the translation mechanism of the nozzles.
- This comprises a jack body 501 (FIG. 2), slidably mounted on bronze pads 502 and 503 in a U-shaped housing denoted 504.
- the head of this jack body comprises a tab 510 (FIG. 3), provided with 'A lateral feeler pin 511, which follows a horizontal cam path 520.
- a block 530 articulated around the feeler pin 511, which can also cooperate with a complementary oblique part 521 of the cam track.
- a pusher arm 540 seen in cross section in Figure 3, but visible in Figure 2 in the path of the nozzles (not shown).
- the end of the cylinder rod is visible at 550 in FIG. 3, where it is surmounted by the hydraulic supply system 560.
- This system communicates with the rod to provide hydraulic supply to the cylinder.
- the rod is mounted fixed or articulated on the frame with the possibility of at least partial angular movement (around a horizontal axis).
- the cylinder When a nozzle (not shown) is in operation, the cylinder is contracted, and is in position A ( Figures 1 and 3). A new nozzle is waiting on the supply path, in contact with the operating nozzle, on the side of the cylinder head.
- the pusher arm is located at the top of the complementary cam path 521, to allow it to be pivoted into the molten steel bath, without necessarily raising the distributor.
- the cylinder is extended, and pushes the two nozzles together, so that the new one comes into the operating position, while the old one comes out from the left ( Figure 3), and can then be removed from the steel bath in a known manner. After that, the cylinder can return to the contracted position.
- the device described above is particularly compact.
- the arrangement of the jack contributes to its compactness when a large part of the stroke of the jack body takes place within the dimensions of the rest of the device. It also allows a very rapid change of nozzle, which is essential. Furthermore, this change is made when the cylinder is in extension, which allows an operator to provide less pressure force.
- the arrangement of the cylinder inside the device provides better protection, in particular of the cylinder rod, from the heat given off by the molten metal.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
- Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)
- Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9703137A FR2760667B1 (en) | 1997-03-14 | 1997-03-14 | CONTINUOUS HOT COLOR REGULATOR-SHUTTER DEVICE, WITH PERFECTED NOZZLE EXCHANGER |
FR9703137 | 1997-03-14 | ||
PCT/IB1998/000387 WO1998041344A1 (en) | 1997-03-14 | 1998-03-09 | Device for plugging and controlling continuous hot casting, with improved nozzle exchanger |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0966334A1 true EP0966334A1 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
EP0966334B1 EP0966334B1 (en) | 2001-07-04 |
Family
ID=9504811
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98907087A Expired - Lifetime EP0966334B1 (en) | 1997-03-14 | 1998-03-09 | Device for plugging and controlling continuous hot casting, with improved nozzle exchanger |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6213357B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0966334B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001515410A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20000076237A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1072076C (en) |
AR (1) | AR012073A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE202736T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU718727B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9808319A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2283244A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69801044D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2161040T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2760667B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL185939B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2198069C2 (en) |
SK (1) | SK121599A3 (en) |
TR (1) | TR199902165T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998041344A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA982105B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8490841B2 (en) | 2008-01-16 | 2013-07-23 | Shinagawa Refractories Co., Ltd. | Submerged nozzle supporting-replacing mechanism |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4558977B2 (en) * | 2001-05-18 | 2010-10-06 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | Nozzle changer and closure plate for continuous casting |
ES2311518T3 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2009-02-16 | Krosaki Harima Corporation | DEVICE FOR CHANGE OF DIVING TOWELS, DIP TOWER AND CLOSURE PLATE USED FOR THE SAME. |
CN100376345C (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2008-03-26 | 维苏维尤斯集团有限公司 | Method for determining reuse or disposal of a refractory plate and device therefor |
JP5028747B2 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2012-09-19 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Sliding nozzle changer |
US7624908B2 (en) | 2005-08-17 | 2009-12-01 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Welding wire feeder and connection apparatus |
US20070039935A1 (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2007-02-22 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Contactor for welding wire feeder |
WO2009090891A1 (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2009-07-23 | Shinagawa Refractories Co., Ltd. | Dip nozzle supporting-replacing mechanism |
CN101373066B (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-06-30 | 刘清林 | Method and apparatus for exchanging nozzle on line |
JP6402122B2 (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2018-10-10 | 東京窯業株式会社 | Immersion nozzle changer |
CN110114170B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2021-10-22 | 普锐特冶金技术日本有限公司 | Flow distributor supporting tool and twin roll type continuous casting apparatus using the same |
CN110605380B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2022-07-08 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Slab caster and slab tundish quick flow-blocking device thereof |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE901564A (en) | 1985-01-24 | 1985-07-24 | Szadkowski Stanislav | DEVICE FOR FEEDING AND EXCHANGING A CASTING TUBE. |
US4854488A (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1989-08-08 | National Steel Corporation | Shroud tube support and changing device |
BE1004402A6 (en) | 1989-08-30 | 1992-11-17 | Internat Ind Engineering S A | CASTING FOR A CONTAINER closable OR STEEL METALLURGICAL. |
WO1992000821A1 (en) * | 1990-07-04 | 1992-01-23 | International Industrial Engineering S.A. | Improved pouring tube insertion and replacement device |
-
1997
- 1997-03-14 FR FR9703137A patent/FR2760667B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-03-09 BR BR9808319-8A patent/BR9808319A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-09 RU RU99122024/02A patent/RU2198069C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-09 JP JP54027998A patent/JP2001515410A/en active Pending
- 1998-03-09 WO PCT/IB1998/000387 patent/WO1998041344A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-03-09 SK SK1215-99A patent/SK121599A3/en unknown
- 1998-03-09 CA CA002283244A patent/CA2283244A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-03-09 ES ES98907087T patent/ES2161040T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-09 KR KR1019997008332A patent/KR20000076237A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-03-09 PL PL98335687A patent/PL185939B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-09 AT AT98907087T patent/ATE202736T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-09 CN CN98803310A patent/CN1072076C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-09 AU AU63056/98A patent/AU718727B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-03-09 EP EP98907087A patent/EP0966334B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-09 TR TR1999/02165T patent/TR199902165T2/en unknown
- 1998-03-09 DE DE69801044T patent/DE69801044D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-12 ZA ZA982105A patent/ZA982105B/en unknown
- 1998-03-13 AR ARP980101161A patent/AR012073A1/en unknown
-
1999
- 1999-09-14 US US09/395,660 patent/US6213357B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9841344A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8490841B2 (en) | 2008-01-16 | 2013-07-23 | Shinagawa Refractories Co., Ltd. | Submerged nozzle supporting-replacing mechanism |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1072076C (en) | 2001-10-03 |
WO1998041344A1 (en) | 1998-09-24 |
US6213357B1 (en) | 2001-04-10 |
AU6305698A (en) | 1998-10-12 |
SK121599A3 (en) | 2000-05-16 |
ATE202736T1 (en) | 2001-07-15 |
AU718727B2 (en) | 2000-04-20 |
PL185939B1 (en) | 2003-09-30 |
JP2001515410A (en) | 2001-09-18 |
FR2760667B1 (en) | 1999-05-28 |
DE69801044D1 (en) | 2001-08-09 |
EP0966334B1 (en) | 2001-07-04 |
ZA982105B (en) | 1998-10-21 |
BR9808319A (en) | 2000-05-16 |
AR012073A1 (en) | 2000-09-27 |
TR199902165T2 (en) | 1999-12-21 |
KR20000076237A (en) | 2000-12-26 |
PL335687A1 (en) | 2000-05-08 |
CA2283244A1 (en) | 1998-09-24 |
ES2161040T3 (en) | 2001-11-16 |
RU2198069C2 (en) | 2003-02-10 |
CN1250402A (en) | 2000-04-12 |
FR2760667A1 (en) | 1998-09-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0966334B1 (en) | Device for plugging and controlling continuous hot casting, with improved nozzle exchanger | |
FI92914B (en) | Sealable casting device for metallurgical container | |
FR2580206A1 (en) | DRAWER SHUTTER FOR METALLURGICAL CONTAINERS | |
JP4755706B2 (en) | I. S. machine | |
FR2527298A1 (en) | DIRECT PASSAGE VALVE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF A FOLDED MATERIAL OF A CASTING CONTAINER | |
EP2726235A1 (en) | Chop gate and nozzle | |
JP2006231389A (en) | Vessel | |
FR2670416A1 (en) | FLOW ADJUSTMENT FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING. | |
EP0455619B1 (en) | A device for metal casting and a method of operating such device | |
FR2707190A3 (en) | Device for connecting and replacing a pouring spout on a vessel containing a bath of molten metal | |
BE1000948A3 (en) | Tube casting for closure device sliding. | |
FR2663572A1 (en) | LOW PRESSURE METAL SUPPLY METHOD OF CORRESPONDING CAST SAND MOLD, MOLD AND CASTING. | |
EP0057627B1 (en) | Heat sensitive level detector for checking the level of a material in a vessel, especially in a continuous casting mould | |
BE1005987A3 (en) | Control device of casting speed. | |
FI71836C (en) | Suitable valve for controlling casting from furnace tap holes. | |
FR2655282A1 (en) | DEVICE FOR CONNECTING A CASTING TUBE TO THE CASTING NOZZLE OF A CONTAINER CONTAINING MOLTEN METAL. | |
EP0733423B1 (en) | Casting system with sliding shutdown device to control the flow of molten metal from a casting recipient | |
EP2412604B1 (en) | Railway switch locking device | |
WO1997024201A1 (en) | Plate change drawer for a metallurgical vessel and set of plates for this drawer | |
CA1237268A (en) | Holding device for molded part issuing from a continuous molding machine, and means of control for said device | |
FR2769526A1 (en) | Device for distributing slag powder on the surface of a bath of molten metal | |
JPH0433771A (en) | Device for closing nozzle for molten metal | |
WO1998003288A1 (en) | Pouring table die block positioning device for an uphill vertical continuous casting machine | |
AU720885C (en) | Plate change drawer for a metallurgical vessel and set of plates for this drawer | |
MXPA99008414A (en) | Device for plugging and controlling continuous hot casting, with improved nozzle exchanger |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19990914 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES FI FR GB IT LU NL SE |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: SI PAYMENT 19990914 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20000816 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES FI FR GB IT LU NL SE |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: SI PAYMENT 19990914 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20010704 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20010704 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20010704 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 202736 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 20010715 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69801044 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20010809 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20011004 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20011005 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20011003 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2161040 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20040216 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20040303 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20040318 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Payment date: 20040324 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20040407 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20040511 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050309 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050309 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050310 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050331 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: S.A. *VESUVIUS GROUP Effective date: 20050331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20051001 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20050309 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20051130 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20051001 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20051130 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20050310 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: S.A. *VESUVIUS GROUP Effective date: 20050331 |