EP0955431A1 - Security system for an opening of a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Security system for an opening of a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0955431A1
EP0955431A1 EP99401053A EP99401053A EP0955431A1 EP 0955431 A1 EP0955431 A1 EP 0955431A1 EP 99401053 A EP99401053 A EP 99401053A EP 99401053 A EP99401053 A EP 99401053A EP 0955431 A1 EP0955431 A1 EP 0955431A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
amplitude
security system
variation
handle
potential difference
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99401053A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0955431B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Jacques Avenel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Comfort and Driving Assistance SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Securite Habitacle SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Securite Habitacle SAS filed Critical Valeo Securite Habitacle SAS
Publication of EP0955431A1 publication Critical patent/EP0955431A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0955431B1 publication Critical patent/EP0955431B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/54—Electrical circuits
    • E05B81/64—Monitoring or sensing, e.g. by using switches or sensors
    • E05B81/76—Detection of handle operation; Detection of a user approaching a handle; Electrical switching actions performed by door handles
    • E05B81/78—Detection of handle operation; Detection of a user approaching a handle; Electrical switching actions performed by door handles as part of a hands-free locking or unlocking operation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B85/00—Details of vehicle locks not provided for in groups E05B77/00 - E05B83/00
    • E05B85/10—Handles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00365—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks in combination with a wake-up circuit
    • G07C2009/00373—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks in combination with a wake-up circuit whereby the wake-up circuit is situated in the lock
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle
    • G07C2209/65—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle using means for sensing the user's hand

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security system for a door leaf of a motor vehicle.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a security system for a motor vehicle opening, of the type in which the opening is held in the closed position by a lock which is controlled by means of a handle, and of the type in which the security system includes means for detecting the presence of a hand of a user near the handle.
  • Such a system is for example described in the document FR-A-2,733,783.
  • the system described in this document proposes to use as a means of detecting the presence of the hand an infrared radiation sensor.
  • This sensor "observes" an area of space around the detection lever so that, when a user approaches his hand to the handle, the infrared radiation emitted by the hand is collected and analyzed by the sensor which is then susceptible to transmit control information to an electronic module of the security system.
  • infrared radiation sensor is however unsatisfactory. Indeed, the infrared radiation emitted by the hand of the user can vary very significantly depending on many parameters. In particular, when the user is wearing gloves, the infrared emission from the hand may be considerably reduced to the point of becoming undetectable.
  • the security system equipped with such a sensor does not have enough guarantee of reliability in the detection of the hand to ensure this function in all possible situations of current use of a vehicle.
  • the principle of this device is therefore to detect a variation in the capacitance of the capacitor, which is generally carried out by integrating this capacitor in an oscillating electronic circuit whose oscillation frequency is checked.
  • the variation in capacitance of the capacitor, and therefore the presence of the hand, is detected by a variation in the oscillation frequency of the circuit.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a new design of the means for detecting the presence of the hand near the handle which are both inexpensive to implement and which allow particularly effective detection on the one hand in terms of sensitivity and, secondly, in terms of resistance to parasitic external influences.
  • FIG. 1 There is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 a handle 10 of a motor vehicle, for example intended to be mounted on a vehicle door to allow the opening.
  • the handle 10 is a handle of the "refrigerator" type intended to be mounted in relief with respect to an external sheet metal panel (not shown) of the opening of the vehicle.
  • the handle 10 thus comprises, at outside the opening, a gripping lever 12 which is movable between a rest position illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 and an open position (not shown) in which the lever 12 is spread outwards by relative to the sheet metal panel by the hand of the user, and in which the lever 12 actuates a lock mechanism (not shown), possibly by means of a transmission linkage (not shown).
  • the user engages his hand between the lever 12 and the sheet metal panel, thereby acting on a rear surface 14 of the lever 12.
  • the handle 10 also includes a lock cover 16 which is arranged outside the sheet metal panel, which is fixed and which has a bore 18 intended to receive, for example, a rotary lock intended to prevent actuation of the lock.
  • the handle 10 also comprises internal parts 20, 22, which are arranged on the internal side with respect to the external sheet panel, which allow in particular the fixing of the handle to the opening as well as the connection of the handle 10, and more particularly of its lever 12, with the lock mechanism that the handle is intended to control.
  • the security system includes means which make it possible to detect the presence of the hand of a user when this arrives near the handle, but before there is actually contact between the hand and the handle.
  • the security system according to the invention will advantageously be implemented in the context of a security system comprising means of remote identification of the user.
  • the user carries an identifier, for example a transponder which, in response to a interrogation signal emitted by the security system, returns an identification code specific to this transponder. If the identification code re-issued by the transponder corresponds to the code expected by the security system, the latter will unlock the doors of the vehicle. The user can then open the opening simply by acting on the handle 10, without first having to engage a key in the lock and without having to operate a remote control.
  • the exchange of information between the security system and the transponder carried by the user generally uses high frequency electromagnetic links which consume a significant amount of energy and which constitute a source of electromagnetic "pollution". It is therefore desirable that the identification process is not carried out continuously when the vehicle is locked.
  • the identification and unlocking processes require a significant amount of time which, if they are triggered only when the user already has their hand on the handle, generates a latency time during which the user can handle the handle. without causing the opening of the opening. This latency is generally perceived as unpleasant.
  • the means for detecting the presence of the hand essentially comprise a transmit antenna 24 and a receive antenna 26 which, in the two embodiments of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, are integrated to the handle 10.
  • the transmitting antenna 24 and the receiving antenna 26 are both produced in the form of a metallic conducting wire; and they are arranged longitudinally, parallel to one another, in the lever 12 of the handle 10.
  • the transmitting antenna 24 is produced by using a fixed metal part, which can for example consist of a tubular jacket in which the lock is intended to be received.
  • the reception antenna 26 is constituted by the transmitter and / or the receiver of a recognition circuit by which the security system performs the recognition and identification of the transponder carried by the user.
  • the transmitter or the receiver of the recognition circuit which is produced in the form of a coil integrated into the lever 12 and which is therefore also used to ensure the detection of the approach from the hand.
  • the transmit 24 and receive 26 antennas are connected to a detection circuit 28, more particularly visible in Figure 3, which has two separate parts.
  • the detection circuit 28 includes a generator 30 which applies to the transmitting antenna 24, optionally by an amplification circuit 32, a periodic potential.
  • the reception antenna 26 is connected, possibly by a second amplification circuit 34, to means 36 for measuring and comparing the signal received by the antenna 26.
  • a voltage will be used whose frequency is substantially within a range varying from 1KHz to 1MHz.
  • the level of the signal received by the reception antenna 26 is lower than that transmitted by the transmission antenna 24.
  • the means 36 for measuring and comparing the detection circuit 28 are capable of measuring the amplitude A of the variation in the potential difference between the reception antenna 26 and an electrical reference, for example the ground vehicle.
  • the measurement and comparison means 36 to compare the amplitude A of the potential difference received at the reception antenna 26 with a reference amplitude A ref to deduce therefrom the presence or not of the hand and to optionally transmit hand detection information.
  • the invention can be implemented using either a fixed reference amplitude A ref , or a variable reference amplitude A ref .
  • the operation of the detection circuit 28 has been illustrated in the case where the reference amplitude A ref is fixed.
  • the detection circuit 28 transmits hand detection information when the measurement and comparison means 36 measure an amplitude level A of the signal received by the reception antenna 26 which becomes less than the amplitude reference A ref .
  • variable reference amplitude A ref this in particular in order to take account of a gradual variation in the coupling characteristics between the transmitting antenna 24 and the receiving antenna 26, a variation which may for example be due to a change in atmospheric conditions.
  • reference amplitude A ref a filtered value of the amplitude A of the signal received by the receiving antenna 26.
  • a filter having a relatively long delay time will be used , for example of the order of a few seconds.
  • the detection circuit 28 does not generate detection information of the hand and it therefore interprets this change in the amplitude level A as resulting from a slow change in the environment of the handle 12, independent of the presence of a user.
  • the instantaneous level A of amplitude of variation of the potential difference at the level of the receiving antenna 26 drops rapidly as is illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • the reference amplitude A ref being obtained by filtering the instantaneous amplitude level through a filter with a high delay time, a significant difference is created between the instantaneous amplitude level A and the reference amplitude A ref , the detection circuit 28 then being able to interpret this large difference as being the result of the approach of the hand of a user.
  • the detection circuit 28 When this difference exceeds a predetermined threshold, the detection circuit 28 generates information for detecting the presence of the hand which is transmitted to the security system, which can then trigger the process of recognizing the identifier carried by the user and , if necessary, trigger the unlocking process of the door.
  • one of the transmitting or receiving antennas 24 or 26 is constituted by a transmitter / receiver element for the recognition circuit
  • the two circuits do not have to be used at the same time because the recognition process is only implemented when a user has been previously detected by the detection means .
  • the antennas 24, 26 are carried by the handle 10, which is particularly advantageous in terms of time for mounting the system on the vehicle.
  • the invention may also be implemented in a security system in which the antennas are carried for example by the opening of the vehicle.
  • the detection circuit 28 may or may not be arranged on the handle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The system detects a variation in the capacity of the capacitor which is generally integrated in the oscillator circuit to verify the frequency of oscillation. The variation in the capacity of the capacitor, e.g. such as the presence of a hand, is detected by variation of the frequency of oscillation of the circuit. <??>The system is of the type in which the door opening mechanism is maintained in the closed position by a lock which is controlled by a door handle (10) and which means are provided for sensing the presence of a hand near to the door handle. The sensing system includes a transmitting antenna (24) on which is applied a periodic voltage, a receiving antenna (26), and a sensing circuit fitted with members for measuring the potential difference between the receiving antenna (26) and earth. The circuit also includes an amplitude comparator which compares the potential difference variation with an amplitude reference value (Aref).

Description

L'invention se rapporte à un système de sécurité pour un ouvrant de véhicule automobile.The invention relates to a security system for a door leaf of a motor vehicle.

L'invention se rapporte plus particulièrement à un système de sécurité pour un ouvrant de véhicule automobile, du type dans lequel l'ouvrant est maintenu en position fermée par une serrure qui est commandée par l'intermédiaire d'une poignée, et du type dans lequel le système de sécurité comporte des moyens pour détecter la présence d'une main d'un utilisateur à proximité de la poignée.The invention relates more particularly to a security system for a motor vehicle opening, of the type in which the opening is held in the closed position by a lock which is controlled by means of a handle, and of the type in which the security system includes means for detecting the presence of a hand of a user near the handle.

Un tel système est par exemple décrit dans le document FR-A-2.733.783. Le système décrit dans ce document propose d'utiliser comme moyen de détection de présence de la main un capteur de rayonnements infrarouges. Ce capteur "observe" une zone de l'espace autour du levier de détection de telle sorte que, lorsqu'un utilisateur approche sa main de la poignée, le rayonnement infrarouge émis par la main est recueilli et analysé par le capteur qui est alors susceptible de transmettre une information de commande à un module électronique du système de sécurité.Such a system is for example described in the document FR-A-2,733,783. The system described in this document proposes to use as a means of detecting the presence of the hand an infrared radiation sensor. This sensor "observes" an area of space around the detection lever so that, when a user approaches his hand to the handle, the infrared radiation emitted by the hand is collected and analyzed by the sensor which is then susceptible to transmit control information to an electronic module of the security system.

L'utilisation d'un capteur de rayonnement infrarouge est cependant peu satisfaisante. En effet, le rayonnement infrarouge émis par la main de l'utilisateur peut varier de manière très importante en fonction de nombreux paramètres. Notamment, lorsque l'utilisateur porte des gants, l'émission infrarouge de la main peut se trouver considérablement réduite au point de devenir indétectable.The use of an infrared radiation sensor is however unsatisfactory. Indeed, the infrared radiation emitted by the hand of the user can vary very significantly depending on many parameters. In particular, when the user is wearing gloves, the infrared emission from the hand may be considerably reduced to the point of becoming undetectable.

De la sorte, le système de sécurité équipé d'un tel capteur ne présente pas suffisamment de garantie de fiabilité dans la détection de la main pour assurer cette fonction dans toutes les situations possibles de l'utilisation courante d'un véhicule.In this way, the security system equipped with such a sensor does not have enough guarantee of reliability in the detection of the hand to ensure this function in all possible situations of current use of a vehicle.

Dans le document DE-A-196.17.038, il est décrit un système de sécurité dans lequel les moyens de détection de la main utilisent le principe de variation de capacité dans un condensateur dont les armatures sont constituées d'une part par le panneau de tôle d'une portière et d'autre part par un élément métallique intégré dans un élément de préhension de la poignée. La main, en venant s'intercaler entre les deux armatures, modifie la capacité du condensateur ainsi formé.In document DE-A-196.17.038, a security system is described in which the hand detection means use the principle of varying capacity in a capacitor, the armatures of which are formed on the one hand by the panel sheet metal of a door and on the other hand by a metallic element integrated in a gripping element of the handle. The hand, coming to be inserted between the two armatures, modifies the capacity of the capacitor thus formed.

Le principe de ce dispositif est donc de détecter une variation de la capacité du condensateur, ce qui est généralement effectué en intégrant ce condensateur dans un circuit électronique oscillant dont on vérifie la fréquence d'oscillation. La variation de capacité du condensateur, et donc la présence de la main, est détectée par une variation de la fréquence d'oscillation du circuit.The principle of this device is therefore to detect a variation in the capacitance of the capacitor, which is generally carried out by integrating this capacitor in an oscillating electronic circuit whose oscillation frequency is checked. The variation in capacitance of the capacitor, and therefore the presence of the hand, is detected by a variation in the oscillation frequency of the circuit.

L'invention a pour objet de proposer une nouvelle conception des moyens de détection de la présence de la main à proximité de la poignée qui soient à la fois peu coûteux à mettre en oeuvre et qui permettent une détection particulièrement performante d'une part en terme de sensibilité et, d'autre part, en terme de résistance aux influences externes parasites.The object of the invention is to propose a new design of the means for detecting the presence of the hand near the handle which are both inexpensive to implement and which allow particularly effective detection on the one hand in terms of sensitivity and, secondly, in terms of resistance to parasitic external influences.

Dans ce but, l'invention propose un système de sécurité pour un ouvrant de véhicule automobile, du type dans lequel l'ouvrant est maintenu en position fermée par une serrure qui est commandée par l'intermédiaire d'une poignée, et du type dans lequel le système de sécurité comporte des moyens pour détecter la présence d'une main d'un utilisateur à proximité de la poignée, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de détection de la main comportent :

  • une antenne d'émission sur laquelle est appliquée une tension périodique ;
  • une antenne de réception ;
  • un circuit de détection muni de moyens de mesure de la différence de potentiel entre l'antenne de réception et une masse électrique, et muni de moyens de comparaison de l'amplitude de la variation de ladite différence de potentiel par rapport à une valeur de référence de l'amplitude.
To this end, the invention provides a security system for a motor vehicle opening, of the type in which the opening is held in the closed position by a lock which is controlled by means of a handle, and of the type in which the security system includes means for detecting the presence of a hand of a user near the handle, characterized in that the hand detection means comprise:
  • a transmitting antenna on which a periodic voltage is applied;
  • a receiving antenna;
  • a detection circuit provided with means for measuring the potential difference between the receiving antenna and an electrical ground, and provided with means for comparing the amplitude of the variation of said potential difference with respect to a reference value amplitude.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • la valeur de référence d'amplitude est fixe, et les moyens de détection émettent une information de détection lorsque l'amplitude de la variation de ladite différence de potentiel devient inférieure à la valeur de référence d'amplitude ;
  • la valeur de référence d'amplitude est égale à une valeur de l'amplitude de la variation de ladite différence de potentiel filtrée au travers d'un filtre présentant un temps de retard, et les moyens de détection émettent une information de détection lorsque la différence entre l'amplitude de variation de ladite différence de potentiel et la valeur de référence d'amplitude excède un seuil prédéterminé ;
  • la fréquence de la tension périodique est fixe et comprise entre un kilohertz et un mégahertz ;
  • les antennes d'émission et de réception sont formées par deux éléments conducteurs intégrés dans la poignée ;
  • l'une au moins des deux antennes est intégrée dans un élément de préhension de la poignée ;
  • le système comporte des moyens de reconnaissance par ondes électromagnétiques d'un identifiant porté par un utilisateur autorisé, les moyens de reconnaissance comportent un circuit de reconnaissance relié à un émetteur et/ou à un récepteur agencé à proximité de la poignée, et l'une des antennes des moyens de détection est constituée par l'émetteur et/ou le récepteur des moyens de reconnaissance ;
  • le système de sécurité comporte des moyens de commutation qui permettent de relier sélectivement l'émetteur et/ou le récepteur au circuit de détection ou au circuit de reconnaissance ;
  • les moyens de commutation sont commandés pour relier l'émetteur et/ou le récepteur au circuit de reconnaissance lorsqu'un utilisateur a été détecté par les moyens de détection.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the amplitude reference value is fixed, and the detection means emit detection information when the amplitude of the variation of said potential difference becomes less than the amplitude reference value;
  • the amplitude reference value is equal to a value of the amplitude of the variation of said potential difference filtered through a filter having a delay time, and the detection means emit detection information when the difference between the amplitude of variation of said potential difference and the amplitude reference value exceeds a predetermined threshold;
  • the frequency of the periodic voltage is fixed and between one kilohertz and one megahertz;
  • the transmit and receive antennas are formed by two conductive elements integrated in the handle;
  • at least one of the two antennas is integrated in a grip element of the handle;
  • the system comprises means of electromagnetic wave recognition of an identifier carried by an authorized user, the recognition means comprise a recognition circuit connected to a transmitter and / or to a receiver arranged near the handle, and one antennas of the detection means is constituted by the transmitter and / or the receiver of the recognition means;
  • the security system comprises switching means which make it possible to selectively connect the transmitter and / or the receiver to the detection circuit or to the recognition circuit;
  • the switching means are controlled to connect the transmitter and / or the receiver to the recognition circuit when a user has been detected by the detection means.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues schématiques en perspective illustrant deux modes de réalisation de l'intégration des moyens de détection selon l'invention dans une poignée ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique illustrant les différents composants formant le circuit de détection selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 4 est un diagramme illustrant le fonctionnement du circuit de détection dans un premier mode de réalisation à seuil de détection fixe ; et
  • les figures 5 et 6 sont des diagrammes similaires à celui de la figure 4 illustrant un second mode de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel le seuil de détection est variable.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following detailed description for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figures 1 and 2 are schematic perspective views illustrating two embodiments of the integration of the detection means according to the invention in a handle;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating the various components forming the detection circuit according to the invention;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the detection circuit in a first embodiment with a fixed detection threshold; and
  • Figures 5 and 6 are diagrams similar to that of Figure 4 illustrating a second embodiment of the invention in which the detection threshold is variable.

On a illustré sur les figures 1 et 2 une poignée 10 de véhicule automobile, par exemple destinée à être montée sur une portière de véhicule pour en permettre l'ouverture.There is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 a handle 10 of a motor vehicle, for example intended to be mounted on a vehicle door to allow the opening.

A titre d'exemple, la poignée 10 est une poignée de type "réfrigérateur" destinée à être montée en relief par rapport à un panneau de tôle externe (non représenté) de l'ouvrant du véhicule. La poignée 10 comporte ainsi, à l'extérieur de l'ouvrant, un levier de préhension 12 qui est mobile entre une position de repos illustrée sur les figures 1 et 2 et une position d'ouverture (non représentée) dans laquelle le levier 12 est écarté vers l'extérieur par rapport au panneau de tôle par la main de l'utilisateur, et dans laquelle le levier 12 actionne un mécanisme de serrure (non représenté), éventuellement par le biais d'une tringlerie de transmission (non représentée). Pour ce faire, l'utilisateur engage sa main entre le levier 12 et le panneau de tôle, en agissant ainsi sur une surface arrière 14 du levier 12.By way of example, the handle 10 is a handle of the "refrigerator" type intended to be mounted in relief with respect to an external sheet metal panel (not shown) of the opening of the vehicle. The handle 10 thus comprises, at outside the opening, a gripping lever 12 which is movable between a rest position illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 and an open position (not shown) in which the lever 12 is spread outwards by relative to the sheet metal panel by the hand of the user, and in which the lever 12 actuates a lock mechanism (not shown), possibly by means of a transmission linkage (not shown). To do this, the user engages his hand between the lever 12 and the sheet metal panel, thereby acting on a rear surface 14 of the lever 12.

La poignée 10 comporte également un cache-verrou 16 qui est agencé à l'extérieur du panneau de tôle, qui est fixe et qui comporte un alésage 18 destiné à recevoir par exemple un verrou rotatif destiné à empêcher l'actionnement de la serrure.The handle 10 also includes a lock cover 16 which is arranged outside the sheet metal panel, which is fixed and which has a bore 18 intended to receive, for example, a rotary lock intended to prevent actuation of the lock.

La poignée 10 comporte également des parties internes 20, 22, qui sont agencées du côté intérieur par rapport au panneau de tôle externe, qui permettent notamment la fixation de la poignée sur l'ouvrant ainsi que la liaison de la poignée 10, et plus particulièrement de son levier 12, avec le mécanisme de serrure que la poignée est destinée à commander.The handle 10 also comprises internal parts 20, 22, which are arranged on the internal side with respect to the external sheet panel, which allow in particular the fixing of the handle to the opening as well as the connection of the handle 10, and more particularly of its lever 12, with the lock mechanism that the handle is intended to control.

Selon l'invention, le système de sécurité comporte des moyens qui permettent de détecter la présence de la main d'un utilisateur lorsque celle-ci arrive à proximité de la poignée, mais avant qu'il y ait effectivement contact entre la main et la poignée.According to the invention, the security system includes means which make it possible to detect the presence of the hand of a user when this arrives near the handle, but before there is actually contact between the hand and the handle.

En effet, le système de sécurité selon l'invention sera avantageusement mis en oeuvre dans le cadre d'un système de sécurité comportant des moyens d'identification à distance de l'utilisateur. Dans un tel système, l'utilisateur porte un identifiant, par exemple un transpondeur qui, en réponse à un signal d'interrogation émis par le système de sécurité, renvoie un code d'identification propre à ce transpondeur. Si le code d'identification ré-émis par le transpondeur correspond au code attendu par le système de sécurité, ce dernier provoque le déverrouillage des ouvrants du véhicule. L'utilisateur peut alors ouvrir l'ouvrant simplement en agissant sur la poignée 10, sans avoir au préalable à engager une clef dans le verrou et sans avoir à manipuler une télécommande.In fact, the security system according to the invention will advantageously be implemented in the context of a security system comprising means of remote identification of the user. In such a system, the user carries an identifier, for example a transponder which, in response to a interrogation signal emitted by the security system, returns an identification code specific to this transponder. If the identification code re-issued by the transponder corresponds to the code expected by the security system, the latter will unlock the doors of the vehicle. The user can then open the opening simply by acting on the handle 10, without first having to engage a key in the lock and without having to operate a remote control.

Les échanges d'information entre le système de sécurité et le transpondeur porté par l'utilisateur font généralement appel à des liaisons électromagnétiques à haute fréquence qui consomment une quantité d'énergie non négligeable et qui constituent une source de "pollution" électromagnétique. Il est donc souhaitable que le processus d'identification ne soit pas mis en oeuvre de manière continue quand le véhicule est verrouillé.The exchange of information between the security system and the transponder carried by the user generally uses high frequency electromagnetic links which consume a significant amount of energy and which constitute a source of electromagnetic "pollution". It is therefore desirable that the identification process is not carried out continuously when the vehicle is locked.

Pour ce faire, il a déjà été proposé de ne déclencher le processus d'identification que lorsque l'utilisateur commence à actionner le levier 12 de la poignée 10, celui-ci comportant par exemple un interrupteur déclenchant le processus d'identification.To do this, it has already been proposed to trigger the identification process only when the user begins to operate the lever 12 of the handle 10, the latter comprising for example a switch triggering the identification process.

Cependant, les processus d'identification et de déverrouillage nécessitent un temps non négligeable qui, s'ils ne sont déclenchés que lorsque l'utilisateur a déjà la main sur la poignée, engendre un temps de latence pendant lequel l'utilisateur peut manipuler la poignée sans provoquer l'ouverture de l'ouvrant. Ce temps de latence est généralement perçu de manière désagréable.However, the identification and unlocking processes require a significant amount of time which, if they are triggered only when the user already has their hand on the handle, generates a latency time during which the user can handle the handle. without causing the opening of the opening. This latency is generally perceived as unpleasant.

Aussi, il est apparu le besoin de munir le système de sécurité de moyens de détection de l'approche de la main de l'utilisateur qui permettent de déclencher le processus d'identification et de déverrouillage avant que l'utilisateur n'ait effectivement saisi la poignée 10.Also, the need appeared to provide the security system with means of detecting the approach of the user's hand which make it possible to trigger the process. identification and unlocking before the user has actually grasped the handle 10.

Selon l'invention, les moyens de détection de la présence de la main comportent essentiellement une antenne d'émission 24 et une antenne de réception 26 qui, dans les deux modes de réalisation de l'invention illustrés aux figures 1 et 2, sont intégrés à la poignée 10.According to the invention, the means for detecting the presence of the hand essentially comprise a transmit antenna 24 and a receive antenna 26 which, in the two embodiments of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, are integrated to the handle 10.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la figure 1, l'antenne d'émission 24 et l'antenne de réception 26 sont toutes les deux réalisées sous la forme d'un fil conducteur métallique; et elles sont agencées longitudinalement, parallèlement l'une à l'autre, dans le levier 12 de la poignée 10.In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the transmitting antenna 24 and the receiving antenna 26 are both produced in the form of a metallic conducting wire; and they are arranged longitudinally, parallel to one another, in the lever 12 of the handle 10.

Au contraire, dans l'exemple de réalisation de la figure 2, l'antenne d'émission 24 est réalisée en utilisant une pièce métallique fixe, qui peut par exemple être constituée par une chemise tubulaire dans laquelle est destiné à être reçu le verrou. L'antenne de réception 26 est elle constituée par l'émetteur et/ou le récepteur d'un circuit de reconnaissance par lequel le système de sécurité effectue la reconnaissance et l'identification du transpondeur porté par l'utilisateur.On the contrary, in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2, the transmitting antenna 24 is produced by using a fixed metal part, which can for example consist of a tubular jacket in which the lock is intended to be received. The reception antenna 26 is constituted by the transmitter and / or the receiver of a recognition circuit by which the security system performs the recognition and identification of the transponder carried by the user.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré à la figure 2, l'émetteur ou le récepteur du circuit de reconnaissance qui est réalisé sous la forme d'un bobinage intégré au levier 12 et qui est donc aussi utilisé pour assurer la détection de l'approche de la main.In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the transmitter or the receiver of the recognition circuit which is produced in the form of a coil integrated into the lever 12 and which is therefore also used to ensure the detection of the approach from the hand.

Dans les deux cas, les antennes d'émission 24 et de réception 26 sont reliées à un circuit de détection 28, plus particulièrement visible sur la figure 3, qui comporte deux parties distinctes.In both cases, the transmit 24 and receive 26 antennas are connected to a detection circuit 28, more particularly visible in Figure 3, which has two separate parts.

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 3, le circuit de détection 28 comporte un générateur 30 qui applique à l'antenne d'émission 24, éventuellement par un circuit d'amplification 32, un potentiel périodique.As can be seen in FIG. 3, the detection circuit 28 includes a generator 30 which applies to the transmitting antenna 24, optionally by an amplification circuit 32, a periodic potential.

L'antenne de réception 26 est reliée, éventuellement par un deuxième circuit d'amplification 34, à des moyens 36 de mesure et de comparaison du signal reçu par l'antenne 26.The reception antenna 26 is connected, possibly by a second amplification circuit 34, to means 36 for measuring and comparing the signal received by the antenna 26.

En effet, on observe que, lorsque l'antenne d'émission 24 est soumise au potentiel périodique par le générateur 30, il apparaît dans l'antenne de réception 26 un signal correspondant de même fréquence. De préférence, on utilisera une tension dont la fréquence est sensiblement comprise dans une plage variant de 1KHz à 1MHz.Indeed, it is observed that, when the transmitting antenna 24 is subjected to the periodic potential by the generator 30, there appears in the receiving antenna 26 a corresponding signal of the same frequency. Preferably, a voltage will be used whose frequency is substantially within a range varying from 1KHz to 1MHz.

Bien entendu, le niveau du signal reçu par l'antenne de réception 26 est plus faible que celui émis par l'antenne d'émission 24.Of course, the level of the signal received by the reception antenna 26 is lower than that transmitted by the transmission antenna 24.

Selon l'invention, les moyens 36 de mesure et de comparaison du circuit de détection 28 sont aptes à mesurer l'amplitude A de la variation de la différence de potentiel entre l'antenne de réception 26 et une référence électrique, par exemple la masse électrique du véhicule.According to the invention, the means 36 for measuring and comparing the detection circuit 28 are capable of measuring the amplitude A of the variation in the potential difference between the reception antenna 26 and an electrical reference, for example the ground vehicle.

Lorsque l'utilisateur approche sa main de la poignée 10, il apparaît une baisse sensible de l'amplitude A de cette différence de potentiel.When the user approaches his hand to the handle 10, there appears a significant drop in the amplitude A of this potential difference.

Aussi, pour détecter la présence d'une main à proximité de la poignée 10, il suffit aux moyens de mesure et de comparaison 36 de comparer l'amplitude A de la différence de potentiel reçu au niveau de l'antenne de réception 26 à une amplitude de référence Aref pour en déduire la présence ou non de la main et pour émettre éventuellement une information de détection de la main.Also, to detect the presence of a hand near the handle 10, it suffices for the measurement and comparison means 36 to compare the amplitude A of the potential difference received at the reception antenna 26 with a reference amplitude A ref to deduce therefrom the presence or not of the hand and to optionally transmit hand detection information.

L'invention peut être mise en oeuvre en utilisant soit une amplitude de référence Aref fixe, soit une amplitude de référence Aref variable.The invention can be implemented using either a fixed reference amplitude A ref , or a variable reference amplitude A ref .

Dans le diagramme de la figure 4, on a illustré le fonctionnement du circuit de détection 28 dans le cas où l'amplitude de référence Aref est fixe. Dans ce cas, le circuit de détection 28 émet une information de détection de la main lorsque les moyens de mesure et de comparaison 36 mesurent un niveau d'amplitude A du signal reçu par l'antenne de réception 26 qui devient inférieur à l'amplitude de référence Aref.In the diagram of FIG. 4, the operation of the detection circuit 28 has been illustrated in the case where the reference amplitude A ref is fixed. In this case, the detection circuit 28 transmits hand detection information when the measurement and comparison means 36 measure an amplitude level A of the signal received by the reception antenna 26 which becomes less than the amplitude reference A ref .

Au contraire, on peut prévoir d'utiliser une amplitude de référence Aref variable, ceci notamment afin de tenir compte d'une variation progressive des caractéristiques de couplage entre l'antenne d'émission 24 et l'antenne de réception 26, variation qui peut par exemple être due à une modification des conditions atmosphériques.On the contrary, provision may be made to use a variable reference amplitude A ref , this in particular in order to take account of a gradual variation in the coupling characteristics between the transmitting antenna 24 and the receiving antenna 26, a variation which may for example be due to a change in atmospheric conditions.

Dans ce cas, on peut choisir par exemple d'utiliser comme amplitude de référence Aref une valeur filtrée de l'amplitude A du signal reçu par l'antenne de réception 26. On utilisera pour cela un filtre présentant un temps de retard relativement important, par exemple de l'ordre de quelques secondes.In this case, one can choose for example to use as reference amplitude A ref a filtered value of the amplitude A of the signal received by the receiving antenna 26. For this purpose, a filter having a relatively long delay time will be used , for example of the order of a few seconds.

Ainsi, lorsqu'il survient une variation très progressive et très lente du niveau d'amplitude A de la variation de différence de potentiel au niveau de l'antenne de réception 26, l'amplitude de référence Aref évolue avec le niveau instantané de l'amplitude A de telle manière que la différence entre le niveau instantané d'amplitude A et le niveau de référence Aref reste dans tous les cas relativement faible. Dans ce cas, le circuit de détection 28 ne génère pas d'information de détection de la main et il interprète donc cette évolution du niveau d'amplitude A comme résultant d'une évolution lente de l'environnement de la poignée 12, indépendante de la présence d'un utilisateur.Thus, when a very gradual and very slow variation in the amplitude level A of the potential difference variation occurs at the receiving antenna 26, the reference amplitude A ref evolves with the instantaneous level of l amplitude A so that the difference between the instantaneous amplitude level A and the reference level A ref remains in all cases relatively small. In this case, the detection circuit 28 does not generate detection information of the hand and it therefore interprets this change in the amplitude level A as resulting from a slow change in the environment of the handle 12, independent of the presence of a user.

Au contraire, lorsque l'utilisateur approche sa main, il le fait généralement à une vitesse relativement importante. Il en résulte que le niveau instantané A d'amplitude de variation de la différence de potentiel au niveau de l'antenne de réception 26 baisse de manière rapide comme cela est illustré sur la figure 6. Or, l'amplitude de référence Aref étant obtenue par la filtration du niveau instantané d'amplitude au travers d'un filtre à fort temps de retard, il se crée alors un écart important entre le niveau instantané d'amplitude A et l'amplitude de référence Aref, le circuit de détection 28 étant alors apte à interpréter cette forte différence comme étant le résultat de l'approche de la main d'un utilisateur. Lorsque cette différence excède un seuil prédéterminé, le circuit de détection 28 génère une information de détection de la présence de la main qui est transmise au système de sécurité, lequel pourra alors déclencher le processus de reconnaissance de l'identifiant porté par l'utilisateur et, le cas échéant, déclencher le processus de déverrouillage de l'ouvrant.On the contrary, when the user approaches his hand, he generally does so at a relatively high speed. It follows that the instantaneous level A of amplitude of variation of the potential difference at the level of the receiving antenna 26 drops rapidly as is illustrated in FIG. 6. However, the reference amplitude A ref being obtained by filtering the instantaneous amplitude level through a filter with a high delay time, a significant difference is created between the instantaneous amplitude level A and the reference amplitude A ref , the detection circuit 28 then being able to interpret this large difference as being the result of the approach of the hand of a user. When this difference exceeds a predetermined threshold, the detection circuit 28 generates information for detecting the presence of the hand which is transmitted to the security system, which can then trigger the process of recognizing the identifier carried by the user and , if necessary, trigger the unlocking process of the door.

Dans le cas où l'une des antennes d'émission 24 ou de réception 26 est constituée par un élément formant émetteur/récepteur pour le circuit de reconnaissance, on prévoira avantageusement un système de commutation par lequel ledit élément sera alternativement relié au circuit de reconnaissance ou au circuit de détection 28. En effet, les deux circuits n'ont pas à être utilisés en même temps du fait que le processus de reconnaissance n'est mis en oeuvre que lorsqu'un utilisateur a été préalablement détecté par les moyens de détection.In the case where one of the transmitting or receiving antennas 24 or 26 is constituted by a transmitter / receiver element for the recognition circuit, provision will advantageously be made for a switching system by which said element will be alternately connected to the recognition circuit or to the detection circuit 28. In fact, the two circuits do not have to be used at the same time because the recognition process is only implemented when a user has been previously detected by the detection means .

Dans les exemples de réalisation illustrés, les antennes 24, 26 sont portées par la poignée 10, ce qui est particulièrement avantageux en termes de temps de montage du système sur le véhicule. Cependant, l'invention peut aussi être mise en oeuvre dans un système de sécurité dans lequel les antennes sont portées par exemple par l'ouvrant du véhicule.In the illustrated exemplary embodiments, the antennas 24, 26 are carried by the handle 10, which is particularly advantageous in terms of time for mounting the system on the vehicle. However, the invention may also be implemented in a security system in which the antennas are carried for example by the opening of the vehicle.

De même, le circuit de détection 28 peut être indifféremment agencé ou non sur la poignée.Likewise, the detection circuit 28 may or may not be arranged on the handle.

Claims (9)

Système de sécurité pour un ouvrant de véhicule automobile, du type dans lequel l'ouvrant est maintenu en position fermée par une serrure qui est commandée par l'intermédiaire d'une poignée (10), et du type dans lequel le système de sécurité comporte des moyens pour détecter la présence d'une main d'un utilisateur à proximité de la poignée (10),
   caractérisé en ce que les moyens de détection de la main comportent : - une antenne d'émission (24) sur laquelle est appliquée une tension périodique ; - une antenne de réception (26) ; - un circuit de détection (28) muni de moyens de mesure de la différence de potentiel entre l'antenne de réception (26) et une masse électrique, et muni de moyens de comparaison de l'amplitude (A) de la variation de ladite différence de potentiel par rapport à une valeur de référence (Aref) de l'amplitude. Security system for a motor vehicle opening, of the type in which the opening is held in the closed position by a lock which is controlled by means of a handle (10), and of the type in which the security system comprises means for detecting the presence of a user's hand near the handle (10),
characterized in that the hand detection means include: - a transmitting antenna (24) to which a periodic voltage is applied; - a reception antenna (26); - A detection circuit (28) provided with means for measuring the potential difference between the receiving antenna (26) and an electrical ground, and provided with means for comparing the amplitude (A) of the variation of said variation potential difference compared to a reference value (A ref ) of the amplitude. Système de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de référence d'amplitude (Aref) est fixe, et en ce que les moyens de détection (36) émettent une information de détection lorsque l'amplitude (A) de la variation de ladite différence de potentiel devient inférieure à la valeur de référence d'amplitude (Aref).Security system according to claim 1, characterized in that the amplitude reference value (A ref ) is fixed, and in that the detection means (36) transmit detection information when the amplitude (A) of the variation of said potential difference becomes less than the amplitude reference value (A ref ). Système de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de référence d'amplitude (Aref) est égale à une valeur de l'amplitude (A) de la variation de ladite différence de potentiel filtrée au travers d'un filtre présentant un temps de retard, et en ce que les moyens de détection (36) émettent une information de détection lorsque la différence entre l'amplitude (A) de variation de ladite différence de potentiel et la valeur de référence d'amplitude (Aref) excède un seuil prédéterminé.Safety system according to claim 1, characterized in that the amplitude reference value (A ref ) is equal to a value of the amplitude (A) of the variation of said potential difference filtered through a filter having a delay time, and in that the detection means (36) transmit detection information when the difference between the amplitude (A) of variation of said potential difference and the amplitude reference value (A ref ) exceeds a predetermined threshold. Système de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence de la tension périodique est fixe et comprise entre un kilohertz et un mégahertz.Security system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frequency of the periodic voltage is fixed and between one kilohertz and one megahertz. Système de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les antennes d'émission (24) et de réception (26) sont formées par deux éléments conducteurs intégrés dans la poignée (10).Security system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmit (24) and receive (26) antennas are formed by two conductive elements integrated in the handle (10). Système de sécurité selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'une au moins des deux antennes (24, 26) est intégrée dans un élément de préhension (12) de la poignée (10).Security system according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one of the two antennas (24, 26) is integrated in a gripping element (12) of the handle (10). Système de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le système comporte des moyens de reconnaissance par ondes électromagnétiques d'un identifiant porté par un utilisateur autorisé, en ce que les moyens de reconnaissance comportent un circuit de reconnaissance relié à un émetteur et/ou à un récepteur agencé à proximité de la poignée, et en ce que l'une (26) des antennes des moyens de détection est constituée par l'émetteur et/ou le récepteur des moyens de reconnaissance.Security system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system comprises means of recognition by electromagnetic waves of an identifier carried by an authorized user, in that the recognition means comprise a recognition circuit connected to a transmitter and / or a receiver arranged near the handle, and in that one (26) of the antennas of the detection means consists of the transmitter and / or the receiver of the recognition means. Système de sécurité selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le système de sécurité comporte des moyens de commutation qui permettent de relier sélectivement l'émetteur et/ou le récepteur (26) au circuit de détection (28) ou au circuit de reconnaissance.Security system according to claim 7, characterized in that the security system comprises switching means which make it possible to selectively connect the transmitter and / or the receiver (26) to the detection circuit (28) or to the recognition circuit. Système de sécurité selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commutation sont commandés pour relier l'émetteur et/ou le récepteur (26) au circuit de reconnaissance lorsqu'un utilisateur a été détecté par les moyens de détection.Security system according to claim 8, characterized in that the switching means are controlled to connect the transmitter and / or the receiver (26) to the recognition circuit when a user has been detected by the detection means.
EP19990401053 1998-05-05 1999-04-29 Security system for an opening of a motor vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP0955431B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9805653 1998-05-05
FR9805653A FR2778427B1 (en) 1998-05-05 1998-05-05 SECURITY SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE OPENING ELEMENT

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EP0955431B1 EP0955431B1 (en) 2003-07-23

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Also Published As

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FR2778427A1 (en) 1999-11-12
ES2204078T3 (en) 2004-04-16
EP0955431B1 (en) 2003-07-23
DE69909675D1 (en) 2003-08-28
FR2778427B1 (en) 2000-06-23
DE69909675T2 (en) 2004-04-01

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