EP0955353B1 - Huile de moteur de voiture permettant une économie de carburant importante - Google Patents

Huile de moteur de voiture permettant une économie de carburant importante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0955353B1
EP0955353B1 EP99107433A EP99107433A EP0955353B1 EP 0955353 B1 EP0955353 B1 EP 0955353B1 EP 99107433 A EP99107433 A EP 99107433A EP 99107433 A EP99107433 A EP 99107433A EP 0955353 B1 EP0955353 B1 EP 0955353B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
alkaline earth
earth metal
oil
lubricating oil
amount
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EP99107433A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0955353A1 (fr
Inventor
Kim Elizabeth Fyfe
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ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co
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    • C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/48—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C10M129/54—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing hydroxy groups
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    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
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    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
    • C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
    • C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/251—Alcohol fueled engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
    • C10N2040/253—Small diesel engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C10N2040/28—Rotary engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lubricating oils for use in internal combustion engines which increase the fuel economy of said engines.
  • Lubricants function to reduce and disperse engine deposits which accumulate when the engines are running. They also serve to reduce the friction between moving parts which are in metal surface to metal surface contact.
  • U.S. Patent 5,114,602 is directed to lube oils containing borated succinimide ashless dispersants which also show a reduced tendency to degrade engine seals.
  • U.S. Patent 5,356,547 is directed to a lube oil having a low coefficient of friction and reduced copper corrosivity containing at least one organomolybdenum compound selected from the group consisting of sulfurized oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate and sulfurized oxymolybdenum organo-phosphorodithioate as friction modifiers, and at least one organozinc compound selected from the group consisting of zinc dithiophosphate and zinc dithiocarbamate as extreme pressure, anti-oxidant and corrosion inhibiting agents, and an organic acid amide which serves to reduce the coefficient of friction at an early stage of engine running after startup while inhibiting copper corrosion.
  • organomolybdenum compound selected from the group consisting of sulfurized oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate and sulfurized oxymolybdenum organo-phosphorodithioate
  • organozinc compound selected from the group consisting of zinc dithiophosphate and zinc dithiocarbamate as extreme pressure, anti-oxidant and corrosion
  • U.S. Patent 4,801,390 is directed to a lubricating oil composition containing an ashless dispersant which is a polyisobutylene succinic anhydride reacted with a polyethylene amine and subsequently treated with a boron compound.
  • an ashless dispersant which is a polyisobutylene succinic anhydride reacted with a polyethylene amine and subsequently treated with a boron compound.
  • EP 562172 is directed to an engine oil composition containing a natural or synthetic base oil stock, a boron compound derivative of an alkenylsuccinimide, an alkaline earth metal salt of salicylic acid and one or both of a molybdenum dithiophosphate and molybdenum dithiocarbamate.
  • the lube oil formulation may also contain viscosity index improvers such as polymethacrylate, polyisobutylene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, etc., pour point depressants such as polyalkylmethacrylates, antioxidants such as hindered phenolic compounds and dispersant/detergents such as sulfonates, phenates and the like.
  • US-A-5658862 is directed to engine oils with improved friction and fuel economy comprising a boron containing alkenylsuccinimide, a molybdenum dithiocarbamates and a mixture of two salicylates of different alkaline earth metals.
  • WO 96/37583 relates to a specific lubricating oil composition comprising at least one diarylamines and at least one compound selected from molybdenum dithiocarbamates.
  • US-A-4231883 is directed to lubricating oil or fuel containing an alkoxylated aliphatic hydrocarbyl amine.
  • the present invention relates to a lubricating oil formulation for an internal combustion engine, which formulation improves the fuel efficiency found in the engine, the formulation comprising a major portion of an oil base stock in the lubricating oil boiling and viscosity range and a minor amount of additives comprising a molybdenum dithiocarbamate, a mixture of at least two salicylates of different alkaline earth metals, an alkaline earth metal sulfonate and alkylated dialkoxyamine.
  • the engine oil lubricant of the invention comprises a major amount of a natural or synthetic oil or mixtures thereof, boiling in the lubricating oil boiling range and of lubricating oil viscosity and a minor amount of a fuel economy improving additive package.
  • the engine oil according to the invention requires a major amount of lubricating oil basestock.
  • the lubricating oil basestock can be derived from natural lubricating oils, synthetic lubricating oils, or mixtures thereof. Suitable lubricating oil basestocks include basestocks obtained by isomerization of synthetic wax and slack wax, as well as hydrocrackate basestocks produced by hydrocracking (rather than solvent extracting) the aromatic and polar components of the crude.
  • the lubricating oil basestock will have a kinematic viscosity ranging from about 2 to about 1,000 mm 2 /s (cSt) at 40°C.
  • the base stock will be selected so that the final lubricant will be an SAE 5W-30 grade, most preferably a 5W-20 grade lubricant formulation.
  • the lubricating oil base stock used has a kinematic viscosity of between about 17 to 19 mm 2 /s (cSt), most preferably about 17.5 to 18.5 mm 2 /s (cSt) at 40°C.
  • Natural lubricating oils include animal oils, vegetable oils (e.g., castor oils and lard oil), petroleum oils, mineral oils, and oils derived from coal or shale.
  • Synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils and halo-substituted hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized and interpolymerized olefins, alkylbenzenes, polyphenyls, alkylated diphenyl ethers, alkylated diphenyl sulfides, as well as their derivatives, analogs, and homologs thereof, and the like.
  • Synthetic lubricating oils also include alkylene oxide polymers, interpolymers, copolymers and derivatives thereof wherein the terminal hydroxyl groups have been modified by esterification, etherification, etc.
  • Another suitable class of synthetic lubricating oils comprises the esters of dicarboxylic acids with a variety of alcohols. Esters useful as synthetic oils also include those made from C 5 to C 12 monocarboxylic acids and polyols and polyol ethers.
  • Silicon-based oils (such as the polyakyl-, polyaryl-, polyalkoxy-, or polyaryloxy-siloxane oils and silicate oils) comprise another useful class of synthetic lubricating oils.
  • Other synthetic lubricating oils include liquid esters of phosphorus-containing acids, polymeric tetrahydrofurans, polyalphaolefins, and the like.
  • the lubricating oil may be derived from unrefined, refined, rerefined oils, or mixtures thereof.
  • Unrefined oils are obtained directly from a natural source or synthetic source (e.g., coal, shale, or tar sands bitumen) without further purification or treatment.
  • Examples of unrefined oils include a shale oil obtained directly from a retorting operation, a petroleum oil obtained directly from distillation, or an ester oil obtained directly from an esterification process, each of which is then used without further treatment.
  • Refined oils are similar to the unrefined oils except that refined oils have been treated in one or more purification steps to improve one or more properties.
  • Suitable purification techniques include distillation, hydrotreating, dewaxing, solvent extraction, acid or base extraction, filtration, and percolation, all of which are known to those skilled in the art.
  • Rerefined oils are obtained by treating used oils in processes similar to those used to obtain the refined oils. These rerefined oils are also known as reclaimed or reprocessed oils and often are additionally processed by techniques for removal of spent additives and oil breakdown products.
  • Lubricating oil base stocks derived from the hydroisomerization of wax may also be used, either alone or in combination with the aforesaid natural and/or synthetic base stocks.
  • Such wax isomerate oil is produced by the hydroisomerization of natural or synthetic waxes or mixtures thereof over a hydroisomerization catalyst.
  • Natural waxes are typically the slack waxes recovered by the solvent dewaxing of mineral oils; synthetic waxes are typically the wax produced by the Fischer-Tropsch process.
  • Wax isomerate is typically subjected to solvent dewaxing and fractionation to recover various fractions of specific viscosity range.
  • Wax isomerate is also characterized by possessing a very high viscosity index, generally having a VI of at least 130, preferably at least 135 and higher and, following dewaxing, a pour point of about -20°C and lower.
  • Molybdenum dithiocarbamates are employed as the friction modifier, are represented by the formula: where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C 1 to C 20 alkyl group, a C 6 to C 20 cycloalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl or aralkyl group, or a C 3 to C 20 hydrocarbyl group containing an ester, ether, alcohol or carboxyl group; and X 1 , X 2 , Y 1 and Y 2 each independently represent a sulfur or oxygen atom.
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 examples include 2-ethylhexyl, nonylphenyl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, lauryl, oleyl, linoleyl, cyclohexyl and phenylmethyl.
  • R 1 to R 4 are each C 6 to C 18 alkyl groups, more preferably C 10 to C 14 .
  • X 1 and X 2 are the same, and Y 1 and Y 2 are the same. Most preferably X 1 and X 2 are both sulfur atoms, and Y 1 and Y 2 are both oxygen atoms.
  • Molybdenum dithiocarbamates are available commercially, the R. T. Vanderbilt Company being one such source.
  • molybdenum dithiocarbamates examples include C 6 -C 18 dialkyl or diaryldithiocarbamates, or alkyl-aryldithiocarbamates such as dibutyl-, diamyl-di-(2-ethylhexyl)-, dilauryl-, dioleyl-, and dicyclohexyl-dithiocarbamates. At least one of molybdenum dithiocarbamate is used in the engine oil.
  • the amount of molybdenum dithio carbamate(s) present in the oil ranges from 100 to 2000 ppm, preferably 250 to 1500 ppm, most preferably 400 to 600 ppm.
  • Detergents used comprise a mixture of alkaline earth metal salicylates, of at least two different alkaline earth metals, and at lease one alkaline earth metal sulfonate(s).
  • the preferred alkaline earth metals are calcium and magnesium.
  • the total amount of alkaline earth metal salicylates used in the oil formulation, in terms of total metal atoms is in the range 1000 to 2500 ppm, preferably 1200 to 2200 ppm, most preferably 1600 to 2000 ppm.
  • the amount of metal sulfonate present in the formulation in terms of total metal atoms is in the range 300 to 900 ppm, preferably 500 to 700 ppm, based on base stock.
  • the ratio of the mixture of mixed alkaline earth metal, preferably mixed calcium and magnesium metal, salicylate to alkaline earth metal sulfonate based on metal atoms present is in the range 3 to 1 to 1 to 1, preferably about 2 to 1.
  • Alkylated (alkoxy) amines used in the present formulation are represented by the formula: or wherein R 5 and R 9 are independently C 1 to C 30 hydrocarbyl radicals, R 6 and R 7 are independently C 2 to C 6 hydrocarbyl radicals, R 8 is a C 1 to C 6 hydrocarbyl radical, x and y are integers from 0 to 50 provided that 0 ⁇ (x + y) ⁇ 50, and p, q and z are integers from 0 to 50 provided 0 ⁇ (p + q + z) ⁇ 50.
  • R 5 and R 9 are independently C 1 to C 30 straight or branch chain alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or an aryl substituted aliphatic chain where the aliphatic chains are attached to the nitrogen atom(s) in the molecule. More preferably R 5 and R 9 are C 12 to C 20 alkyl or alkenyl, even more preferably a mixture of C 14 , C 16 and C 18 alkyl or alkenyl substituents.
  • R 6 and R 7 are independently C 2 to C 6 straight or branched alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl diradicals, more preferably a C 2 to C 4 alkyl diradical, most preferably a C 2 diradical.
  • R 8 is a C 1 to C 6 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl diradical, more preferably R 8 is a C 2 to C 4 alkyl diradical, most preferably a C 3 alkyl diradical.
  • x and y are integers from 1 to 25, provided 1 ⁇ (x + y) ⁇ 25, more preferably 1 to 15 provided 1 ⁇ (x + y) 15.
  • p, q and z are integers from 1 to 25 provided 1 ⁇ (p + q + z) ⁇ 25, more preferably 1 to 15, provided 1 ⁇ (p + q + z) ⁇ 15.
  • ETHODUOMEEN T-13® (commercially available from Akzo Chemical).
  • the amount of alkylated dialkoxy amine used is in the range 0.05 to 1 wt%, preferably 0.3 to 0.5 wt% (based on active ingredient).
  • additives may also be present in the final formulated engine oil at the discretion of the practitioner to meet various other oil performance targets.
  • dispersants such as succinimides substituted with polyalkenyl of about 500 to 5000 Mn, preferably 900-1500 Mn, most preferably about 900-950 Mn, preferably borated poly alkenyl succinimide as described in U.S. Patent 4,863,624 may be used.
  • Preferred borated dispersants are boron derivatives derived from polyisobutylene substituted with succinic acid or anhydride groups and reacted with amine, preferably polyalkylene amines, polyoxyethylene amines, and polyol amines. Such dispersants are preferably added in an amount from 2 to 16 wt%, based on oil composition.
  • the borated dispersants are "over-borated", i.e., they contain boron in an amount from 0.5 to 5.0 wt% based on dispersants. These over-borated dispersants are available from Exxon Chemical Company. The amount of boron in the engine oil should be at least about 500 ppmw, preferably about 900 ppmw. In addition to borated dispersants, other sources of boron which may contribute to the total boron concentration include borated dispersant VI improvers and borated detergents.
  • Antioxidants which can be used include hindered phenol compounds such as nonyl phenol sulfide, oil soluble molybdenum and/or copper salt such as the copper and/or molybdenum salts of synthetic or natural organic acids, preferably mono- and dicarboxylic acids.
  • preferred carboxylic acids are C 10 to C 30 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and polyisobutenyl succinic acids and their anhydrides wherein the polyisobutenyl group has a number average molecular weight of 700 to 2500.
  • Examples of preferred copper salts include copper oleate, copper stearate, copper naphthenate and the copper salt of polyisobutenyl succinic acid or anhydride wherein the polyisobutenyl group has an average molecular weight 800-1200.
  • the amount of copper salt is preferably from 0.01 to 0.3 wt%, preferably about 0.05 to 0.1 wt% based on lubricating oil composition.
  • the preferred carboxylic acids are C 4 to C 30 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
  • Examples of preferred molybdenum salts include molybdenum naphthenate, hexanoate, oleate, xanthate and tallate.
  • the amount of molybdenum salt is preferably from 0.01 to 3.0 wt%, based on lubricating oil composition.
  • Diaryl amines and substituted diarylamines such as diphenyl amine or phenyl-naphthyl amines are also typical and well known antioxidants which may be present in engine lubricating oils.
  • Typical antiwear additives used in engine lubricating oils are metal 1° and 2° dialkyl dithio phosphates, preferably zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate ZDDP, used in an amount in terms of total phosphorus of 800 to 1500 ppm, preferably 900 to 1100 ppm.
  • Viscosity index improvers such as polyalkyl(meth)acrylates or polyolefins or hydrogenated styrene-diene, e.g., styrene-isoprene copolymer can be used to enhance the viscometries of the final formulations.
  • a preferred type of VI improver is polyalkyl (meth) acrylate.
  • Demulsifier and anti foamant agents may also be employed, as needed.
  • the lubricating oil compositions can be used in the lubricating systems of any internal combustion engine such as automobile and truck engines, marine engines and railroad engines, preferably as multigrade lubricating oil compositions used in the lubrication systems of spark ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the formulations discussed are contained in Table 1.
  • the Kinematic Viscosity at 100°C was set at 8.9 mm 2 /s (cSt) for the 20 grades.
  • the 5W grade CCS target was set for 3000 cP. All blends use a hydrocracked 100N petroleum base stock.
  • Formulation A is composed of a mixture of borated polyisobutylene-polyamine type dispersants, the antioxidants nonyl phenol sulfide, copper PIBSA, copper oleate and diaryl amine, mixed 1° and 2° ZDDP antiwear additives, overbased magnesium sulfonate and calcium sulfonate detergents, molybdenum dithiocarbamate friction modifier, plus a small amount of demulsifier and antifoam.
  • Formulations A, B, and C demonstrate the difference in performance achieved by the use of oil formulations containing different combinations of detergent.
  • Formulation A contains the simple combination of magnesium sulfonate and calcium sulfonate
  • Formulation B contains the simple combination of calcium salicylate and magnesium salicylate
  • Formulation C contains the more complex combination of calcium and magnesium salicylate and calcium sulfonate. All three formulations contain MoDTC friction modifier.
  • Formulation D demonstrates the effect of changing the friction modifier to a mixture of MoDTC and diethoxyamine in oil formulations which are substantially the same in terms of the other additive components.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Huile lubrifiante utile pour augmenter l'économie de carburant de moteurs à combustion interne, comprenant une quantité majeure d'une base d'huile lubrifiante choisie dans le groupe constitué d'huiles naturelles, d'huiles synthétiques et de leurs mélanges, et une quantité mineure suffisante pour améliorer l'économie de carburant de l'huile lubrifiante d'un paquet d'additifs améliorant l'économie de carburant comprenant :
    (1) un dithiocarbamate de molybdène de formule :
    Figure 00240001
    dans laquelle, parmi R1, R2, R3 et R4, chacun représente indépendamment un atome d'hydrogène, un groupe alkyle en C1-C20, un groupe cycloalkyle en C6-C20, aryle en C6-C20, alkylaryle en C6-C20 ou aralkyle en C6-C20 ou un groupe hydrocarbyle en C3-C20 contenant un groupe ester, éther, alcool ou carboxyle, et X1, X2, Y1 et Y2 représentent chacun indépendamment un atome de soufre ou d'oxygène;
    (2) un mélange de salicylates d'au moins deux métaux alcalino-terreux différents en combinaison avec au moins un sulfonate de métal alcalino-terreux; et
    (3) une (alcoxy)amine alkylée,
    et dans laquelle le dithiocarbamate de molybdène est présent dans l'huile en quantité dans la plage de 100 à 2000 ppm par rapport aux atomes de molybdène, les salicylates de métaux alcalino-terreux sont présents dans l'huile en quantité de 1000 à 2500 ppm par rapport à la totalité des atomes de métaux, le sulfonate de métal alcalino-terreux est présent dans l'huile dans la plage de 300 à 900 ppm par rapport à la totalité des atomes de métaux et l'(alcoxy)amine alkylée est présente dans l'huile en quantité dans la plage de 0,05 à 1% en poids par rapport à l'ingrédient actif.
  2. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les salicylates de métaux alcalino-terreux sont le salicylate de calcium et le salicylate de magnésium et les sulfonates de métaux alcalino-terreux sont au moins l'un des sulfonates de calcium et des sulfonates de magnésium.
  3. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, dans laquelle l'(alcoxy)amine alkylée a pour formule :
    Figure 00250001
       ou
    Figure 00250002
    dans laquelle R5 et R9 sont indépendamment des radicaux hydrocarbyle en C1-C30, R6 et R7 sont indépendamment des radicaux hydrocarbyle en C2-C6, R8 est un radical hydrocarbyle en C1-C6, x et y sont des nombres entiers de 0 à 50 pourvu que 0 < (x+y) ≤ 50, et p, q et z sont des nombres entiers de 0 à 50 pourvu que 0 < (p+q+z) ≤ 50.
  4. Procédé pour améliorer l'économie de carburant d'une huile lubrifiante utilisée dans un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant une base d'huile lubrifiante et un additif, en ajoutant à l'huile lubrifiante une quantité mineure d'un paquet d'additifs améliorant l'économie de carburant comprenant :
    (1) un dithiocarbamate de molybdène de formule :
    Figure 00260001
    dans laquelle, parmi R1, R2, R3 et R4, chacun représente indépendamment un atome d'hydrogène, un groupe alkyle en C1-C20, un groupe cycloalkyle en C6-C20, aryle en C6-C20, alkylaryle en C6-C20 ou aralkyle en C6-C20 ou un groupe hydrocarbyle en C3-C20 contenant un groupe ester, éther, alcool ou carboxyle, et X1, X2, Y1 et Y2 représentent chacun indépendamment un atome de soufre ou d'oxygène;
    (2) un mélange de salicylates d'au moins deux métaux alcalino-terreux différents en combinaison avec au moins un sulfonate de métal alcalino-terreux; et
    (3) une (alcoxy)amine alkylée,
    et dans lequel le dithiocarbamate de molybdène est présent dans l'huile en quantité dans la plage de 100 à 2000 ppm par rapport aux atomes de molybdène, les salicylates de métaux alcalino-terreux sont présents dans l'huile en quantité de 1000 à 2500 ppm par rapport à la totalité des atomes de métaux, le sulfonate de métal alcalino-terreux est présent dans l'huile dans la plage de 300 à 900 ppm par rapport à la totalité des atomes de métaux et l'(alcoxy)amine alkylée est présente dans l'huile en quantité dans la plage de 0,05 à 1% en poids par rapport à l'ingrédient actif.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel les salicylates de métaux alcalino-terreux sont le salicylate de calcium et le salicylate de magnésium et les sulfonates de métaux alcalino-terreux sont au moins l'un des sulfonates de calcium et des sulfonates de magnésium.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 et 5, dans lequel l'(alcoxy)amine alkylée a pour formule :
    Figure 00270001
       ou
    Figure 00270002
    dans laquelle R5 et R9 sont indépendamment des radicaux hydrocarbyle en C1-C30, R6 et R7 sont indépendamment des radicaux hydrocarbyle en C2-C6, R8 est un radical hydrocarbyle en C1-C6, x et y sont des nombres entiers de 0 à 50 pourvu que 0 < (x+y) ≤ 50, et p, q et z sont des nombres entiers de 0 à 50 pourvu que 0 < (p+q+z) ≤ 50.
EP99107433A 1998-05-01 1999-04-27 Huile de moteur de voiture permettant une économie de carburant importante Expired - Lifetime EP0955353B1 (fr)

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US09/071,291 US5906969A (en) 1998-05-01 1998-05-01 High fuel economy passenger car engine oil
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SG93829A1 (en) 2003-01-21
JP2000001690A (ja) 2000-01-07
CA2263551A1 (fr) 1999-11-01
CA2263551C (fr) 2007-08-21
EP0955353A1 (fr) 1999-11-10
US5906969A (en) 1999-05-25
DE69909363T2 (de) 2004-05-27

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