EP0953438B1 - Punch press, in particular high-speed press - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a Punching press, in particular high-speed press, with a Press frame, with at least one plunger for holding of tools for processing one in a tape direction Gradually advanced along a tape plane strip-shaped material, which press a parallel has drive shaft extending to the feed direction, the drive connected via drive links with the plunger is which plunger in at least one place between the drive shaft and the tape running through upper ram guides is guided in the press frame.

Under high-speed presses the experts understand Machines with lifting speeds of up to more than 1000 Strokes / min. work, unlike e.g. shears or filter presses, for example, in fruit processing plants Find application. Punching presses have at least one plunger for holding tools, which are commonly called top tools, which interact with tools that are relative to the press frame are fixed and usually lower tools to be named.

By means of these tools becomes a gradual advanced tape, usually made of metal, processed. There will be punching, embossing and bending operations performed, thread-forming, joining work and welding work (Laser), it is also riveted to some of the processing done on the tape to call.

Such machines will inter alia between Cross-shaft punching machines and longitudinal shaft punching machines distinguished. The expert understands under the term "shaft" the drive shaft of the machine, the e.g. eccentric sections or as a crankshaft is formed, which via drive links with a Tappet is connected for receiving tools, the Lifting movements with stroke rates up to more than 1000 strokes / minute performs one in a so-called tape direction progressively advanced tape to edit.

Runs the drive shaft parallel to the tape running direction the expert speaks of a longitudinal shaft machine, the drive shaft runs transversely to the strip running direction the expert speaks of a cross-shaft machine.

The performing during operation a lifting movement Tappets of the high-speed machinery are largely guided by linear circular guides, i. the leaders have a circular cross-sectional shape. there be linear guides in the form of sliding or Rolling bearing guides used.

Basically, there are always two management levels available. The level of management defines the level which is determined by the places of the guides.

The plunger is firmly connected to guide columns, over which he is led in the press frame, with what a first management level is determined.

The drive shaft is connected to the connecting rod Connected plunger. The plunger is further in one place between the same and the drive shaft, i. above led to the strip running plane, bringing a second management level is determined. These upper guides take over mainly from the dynamics of the running machine and from the processing e.g. Punching occurring Pleuelkräfte.

All guides mentioned here are so-called Round guides (see, e.g., documents EP-A-0 765 735 and EP-A-0 597 212).

At a (in strip direction) off-center Punching load are now the drive shaft of the machine, e.g. the connecting rods are loaded and deformed differently, which inevitably leads to a plunger misalignment leads. Under different load is to be understood that one of the connecting rods has higher forces than the other the connecting rod is exposed, according to the location of Force on the plunger. A plunger misalignment leads to a mutual change of position of the Tools. The tools (i.e., upper tool and lower tool) have to be aligned very close to each other be, since worked in tolerances of 1/1000 millimeters becomes. At e.g. a correspondingly small cutting gap between a punch and a die results, e.g. a Stamp deflection for higher wear in the tool or to stamp outbreaks. Tools are extreme expensive and regrinding or replacing tools is obviously associated with a loss of production. This means that the incidents mentioned in a Bolt tilt to extremely high financial Losses leads.

The tilting or pivoting movement of the ram with an eccentric ram loading is evident around a tilt or pivot point.

Is the ram tipping point in the Tape running level, the disadvantages listed above occur not a. However, if the ram tipping point is outside the stripline level, these mentioned disadvantages occur to a considerable extent. The ram tipping point is located but only in the stripline plane, if above the stripline plane, i.e. between the tape running plane and the drive shaft No further guides are available, the prevent a deflection of the plunger.

In known stamping presses with a drive shaft, which runs parallel to the strip running direction, i.e. so-called longitudinal shaft punching machines, is the Tappet point always between the above-described lower and upper management level, i. above the strip level, thus creating the above-mentioned disadvantages.

The invention aims to remedy this situation. The Invention as characterized in the claims solves the task of a punch press with a parallel to Feed direction of the processed in the same band extending drive shaft, a so-called longitudinal shaft punching machine to create, in which the upper Pusher guides in the tape running direction one degree of freedom so that in the tools no high wear or outbreaks arise.

The advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in that the tipping point the ram comes to lie in the strip running plane, which with a ram tilt neither increased wear Outbreaks still occur with tools.

Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Längswellen-Stanzmaschine,

Figur 2 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie II-II der Figur 1,

Figur 3 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie III-III der Fig. 1,

Figur 4 ein sogenanntes Drahtmodell des Stösselantriebes bei Stanzbeginn, d.h. ohne einwirkende Kräfte, und

Figur 5 das Drahtmodell nach Figur 4 während dem Stanzvorgang, bei einer aussermittig einwirkenden Kraft.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing only one embodiment. It shows:

1 shows a longitudinal section through a longitudinal shaft punching machine,

2 shows a section along the line II-II of Figure 1,

3 shows a section along the line III-III of Fig. 1,

Figure 4 is a so-called wire model of the ram drive at the beginning of punching, ie without acting forces, and

FIG. 5 shows the wire model according to FIG. 4 during the punching process, with an off-center acting force.

In the figures, for reasons of clarity only those parts of the longitudinal shaft punching machine shown for the understanding of the invention necessary. In particular, not shown are the Drive with the engine and the brake / clutch device, the ram height adjustment and all balancing weights and their drive links for the compensation of Mass forces. These components are well known to those skilled in the art and need not be described in detail.

The drawn in Figures 1 and 2 drive shaft 5 is mounted in the machine housing 13 and has two eccentric sections 1, 1a. On these eccentric sections 1, 1a are connecting rods 2, 2a via spherical roller bearings 12, 12 a stored.

It can thus be seen that the connecting rods 2, 2a in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft 5 swing, or can commute.

At her from the spherical roller bearings 12, 12a distant end are the connecting rods 2, 2a via ball joints 8, 8a articulated on the plunger 3. The ball joints 8, 8a are in turn arranged in guides 4, 4a of the plunger. It it can be seen that these guides 4, 4a in one place between the plunger 3 and the drive shaft 5 is arranged are, i. above the pestle. The specialist calls these Guides 4, 4a the upper ram guides.

In particular from FIG. 2 it can be seen that that these guides 4, 4a, so the upper ram guides a guiding of the ram 3 in the direction of the stroke perform, with restrictions, below yet to be explained.

The ram 3 has four guide columns, which are indicated in total by the reference numeral 9. These guide columns 9 are firmly connected to the plunger 3 and guided in round guides 6, with the housing 13 are connected. The term "tour" is to that effect to understand that the cross section of the guide columns 9 and the interior of the circular guides 6 is circular, that is, the plunger 3 in the direction his stroke is movable and perpendicular to a movement is guided to the direction of the stroke. These described Guides are in the art as lower ram guides designated.

The ram 3 carries different tools, of which, for example, a stamp 10 drawn is. This punch 10 cooperates with a die 11, which is fixed relative to the machine housing 13, as is known in the art.

Next, in Figure 1, the tape running plane B indicated. This tape plane B is here as the interface between the underside of the metal strip to be processed 14 and the top of the die 11 defines on which the metal strip 14 rests.

To simplify the explanation, only the directly on the die 11 resting section of the Metal band 14 shown with a thick line.

The tape travel direction, i. feed direction the gradual advancement of the metal strip is with the arrow A shown.

It can be seen that the drive shaft 5 parallel to the feed direction A, and out of this Reason is the present punching machine as "Longitudinal shaft punching machine".

It will now be back to the guides in the Punching machine reference.

In contrast to the lower ram guides 6, 9, which are designed as circular guides are the upper ram guides 4, 4a designed as flat guides, i.e. their guide surfaces are planar.

From Figures 1-3 it is apparent that the upper ram guides 4, 4a in the direction of tape travel A. have a degree of freedom. In particular, can be From Figures 1 and 3 recognize that these ram guides 4, 4a and thus the lower ends of the connecting rods 2, 2a at the ball joints 8 in the tape running direction A. can move. Due to the pendulum bearings 12, 12a can So the connecting rods 2, 2a and consequently also the plunger 3 in the direction of tape A back and forth, it is So one degree of freedom of movement in the direction of tape travel A before.

Next, however, a motion is vertical or also not possible to the tape travel direction A, as clearly shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, by the ram guides 4, 4a, i. the flat guides will any resulting connecting forces FQ (see Fig. 2) supported transversely to the strip running direction A.

Now suppose that the plunger 3 a off-center load F at a distance X from the ram center occur, as shown in the figure 1. At the Anstanzvorgang always occurs such an eccentric Load F on.

It is now on the wire models of FIG. 4th and Fig. 5, in which the now to be discussed Structural elements are drawn purely schematically.

FIG. 4 shows the members, ie connecting rods 2, 2a and 3 in the position in which a first contact between the punch 10 and the metal strip 14 takes place on the die 11. F ₁ and F ₂ denote the loads of the drive elements, including the connecting rods 2, 2a

At this time, the off-center is Force F = 0.

Reference is now made to FIG. Meets the punch 10 on the metal strip 14, the plunger begins 3 to tilt the point K, the tipping point and moves from the dot-dashed position in the with solid lines drawn position. (The postponement the position of the plunger 3 is exaggerated in FIG drawn large).

The fact that the guides 4, 4 a can move laterally, the connecting rods 2, 2 a are swung in the drawn positions. The loads F ₁ and F _{2 of} the drive members are different in size.

For off-center loads does not occur only a tilt of the ram, but it can also small, but having an effect on the precision Deformation of the same take place. preferably, is the plunger 3 therefore also in the guide columns 9 in the tape running B level. And that leaves the stamp 10 with the die 11 even with an off-center load aligned.

Of course, the embodiment shown is not limited to punch presses with only one pestle. It can also punch presses with several rams equipped with the inventive guides be.

Claims (5)

1. Punch press, specifically high speed punch press with a press frame, with at least one punch (3) for the receipt of tools for a processing of a strip shaped material advanced step by step in a strip running direction (A) along a strip movement plane (B), which press includes a drive shaft (5) extending parallel to the strip running direction which is drivingly connected through drive members to the punch, which punch is guided by upper punch guides (4, 4a) in the press frame in at least one location between the drive shaft and the strip movement plane, characterized in that the upper punch guides have one degree of freedom of movement in the strip running direction.
2. Punch press according to claim 1, characterized in that the punch is guided by lower punch guides (6, 9) in the strip movement plane (B) to be moveable in the direction of stroke of the punch.
3. Punch press according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive members comprise connecting rods(2, 2a) supported at one end excentrically on the drive shaft and pivotally mounted at the opposite end through a respective ball-and-socket joint to the punch.
4. Punch press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive members comprise connecting rods supported at one end on the drive shaft for oscillation in the strip running direction.
5. Punch press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive members comprise connecting rods supported at one end through swivel-joint roller bearings excentrically on the drive shaft for oscillation in the strip running direction.

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