EP0953164B1 - Silver-halide recording material to produce negatives with reduced fog and ultrahard-gradation - Google Patents

Silver-halide recording material to produce negatives with reduced fog and ultrahard-gradation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0953164B1
EP0953164B1 EP97923000A EP97923000A EP0953164B1 EP 0953164 B1 EP0953164 B1 EP 0953164B1 EP 97923000 A EP97923000 A EP 97923000A EP 97923000 A EP97923000 A EP 97923000A EP 0953164 B1 EP0953164 B1 EP 0953164B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
group
silver halide
material according
groups
silver
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EP97923000A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0953164A1 (en
Inventor
Reinhold RÜGER
François VARESCON
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Agfa Gevaert NV
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Agfa Gevaert NV
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/067—Additives for high contrast images, other than hydrazine compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
    • G03C1/053—Polymers obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/061—Hydrazine compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/035—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein characterised by the crystal form or composition, e.g. mixed grain
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/035—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein characterised by the crystal form or composition, e.g. mixed grain
    • G03C2001/03511—Bromide content
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/16—X-ray, infrared, or ultraviolet ray processes
    • G03C5/164—Infrared processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a silver halide photographic material to create black and white Negative images with ultra-partial contrast, one Hydrazine compound and a contrast-enhancing amino compound contains.
  • Halftone images can be converted into halftone dot images.
  • silver halide materials which one in special methods for ultra-partial contrast, d. H. to a maximum gradient of the density curve of more than 10, developed.
  • the lith process is also known, for example Low-sulfite, formaldehyde-containing hydroquinone developers. Development has recently become of particular practical importance in the presence of hydrazine compounds.
  • German patent application DE-A-43 10 327 there is a Process for the generation of negative images with ultra-partial Contrast described in which the development of the Silver halide recording material in the presence of Connections are made whose molecules have at least one quaternary nitrogen atom and at least one tertiary Have amine function.
  • EP-04 73 342-A1 there is a photographic Silver halide material described in a developer with a pH ⁇ 11 to be developed to ultra-partial contrast can.
  • the light sensitive coating of this material contains a hydrazine compound of a certain formula as well an amino or a quaternary onium compound and is on set a pH of at least 5.9.
  • EP 04 22 677 describes the use of tertiary Amino compounds with at least three oxyethylene units in the Molecule as a development accelerator in developer solutions, which also work in the presence of hydrazine compounds.
  • EP 05 39 998 claims silver halide materials, which besides Hydrazine compounds or thioether compounds with tertiary Amino group included.
  • the veil rises.
  • the usual measures against Veil namely the addition of antifoggants to the Emulsion and less intense chemical ripening insufficient sensitivity.
  • antifoggants such as benzotriazoles, Nitroindazoles and mercaptotetrazoles, the infectious Development so that the contrast, especially in today's usual rapid processing, is unsatisfactory.
  • Polyvinyl lactams especially polyvinyl pyrrolidinones has long been used as a binder for photosensitive Silver halide layers are known and as such, for example in Research Disclosure 365044, September 1994, Chapter II C, and Chapter IX B, 308119, December 1989.
  • As for Use as a binder gives typical amounts DE-B-11 20 272 8 to 50 percent by weight of the dry Emulsion containing 30 to 70 weight percent silver halide may contain. This corresponds to 21.5 to 313 g per mol Silver bromide.
  • the invention has for its object a silver halide recording material to propose that for generating Negative images with ultra-partial contrast at short Processing time is suitable, which is high sensitivity and has a low veil and the production of Images with high contrast and high definition enables, and whose photographic properties themselves do not deteriorate during storage.
  • a photographic silver halide material comprising at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on a support, in which in the silver halide emulsion layer or in a layer which is reactive with it, both a hydrazine compound and a contrast-increasing amino and / or Phosphonium compound are present, has excellent fog and sensitivity values with excellent sharpness of contours and good storage stability if the silver halide emulsion layer or a layer which is reactive with this has a polyvinyl lactam in an amount of 250 to 2500 mg per mol of silver halide in *) contains.
  • Polyvinyl lactam is understood here to mean a vinyl polymer which consists of at least 80 percent by weight of N-vinyl lactam groups.
  • the polyvinyl lactam to be used according to the invention is preferred a poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidinone.
  • the average molecular weight of the polyvinyl lactam is preferred between 6000 and 100000; the range is particularly preferred between 15,000 and 50,000.
  • the amount is of the polyvinyl lactam used between 250 and 1000 mg, particularly preferably from 400 to 1000 mg per mol of silver halide in Silver halide material.
  • Hydrazine compound can either in one or more layers of the recording material be incorporated. These can be both layers contain the photosensitive silver halide, as well Layers that are reactive with the former stand, d. H. which are arranged so that substances from one in the other layer can diffuse if through reactions a concentration gradient is maintained. For Both solutions and dispersions can be incorporated added the hydrazine compound to the coating solutions become.
  • Suitable hydrazine compounds are described, for example, in Research Disclosure 235 010 (November 1983), DE-27 25 743-A1, EP-00 32 456-B1, EP-01 26 000-A2, EP-01 38 200-A2, EP-02 03 521-A2, EP-02 17 310-A2, EP- 02 53 665-A2, EP-03 24 391-A2, EP-03 24 426-A2, EP-03 26 443-A2, EP-03 56 898-A2, EP-04 73 342-A1, EP-05 01 546-A1, EP-04 81 565-A, EP-05 98 315-A1, EP-04 44 506-A.
  • Preferred hydrazine compounds are described by the general formula (H): B - phenyl - NHNH - L - G
  • B is a ballast group
  • G is an activating group Group
  • L one of the groups -CO- and -CO-CO-.
  • Phenyl means a phenylene ring on the B and the hydrazine group are bound, preferably in the para position, and the can be further substituted.
  • Preferred ballast groups are those that are not are electron-attracting, for example straight or branched alkyl groups (e.g. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, Isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, t-octyl, n-decyl, n-dodecyl and similar groups), also alkoxy groups, which contain one of the alkyl groups mentioned above as alkyl, as well as acylamino groups, such as acetylamino, propanoylamino, Butanoylamino, octanoylamino, benzoylamino, alkyl and Arylsulfonamido and similar groups.
  • alkyl groups e.g. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, Isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl,
  • Ballast groups typically contain at least 8 Carbon atoms and can be made of relatively inert aliphatic or aromatic groups are selected, for example alkyl, alkoxy, phenyl, alkylphenyl, phenoxy, Alkylphenoxy, arylacyl, arylamido, alkylpyridinium-1-ylamido and similar groups.
  • the alkyl and alkoxy groups include any Ballast groups preferably 1 to 20, the acylamino groups preferably 2 to 21 carbon atoms. But it can be up to Contain 30 or more carbon atoms in these groups his. Methoxyphenyl, tolyl, ballasted butyramidophenyl, butylsulfonamido and Toluylsulfonamido.
  • the preferred hydrazine compounds include those whose Ballast group still contains an adsorption promoting group. Such groups promote the adsorption of the molecule on the Surface of the silver halide crystals and are in themselves known. They typically contain at least one sulfur or nitrogen atom which can form a silver complex or otherwise has an affinity for the silver halide surface. Preferred examples are thiourea, thiuronium, heterocyclic thioamide and triazole groups.
  • G is preferably hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl (e.g. methyl, hydroxymethyl, monofluoromethyl, pyridinomethyl, Phenoxymethyl, alkoxymethyl such as methoxymethyl), if appropriate substituted aralkyl (e.g. benzyl, o-hydroxybenzyl) and possibly substituted aryl (e.g. phenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, o-methanesulfonamidophenyl, 4-methanesulfonylmethyl, 2-hydroxymethylphenyl), alkyl groups with electron-withdrawing substituents, for example cationic groups with quaternary nitrogen atom, such as Pyridinium and Imidazolium, are particularly preferred.
  • alkyl e.g. methyl, hydroxymethyl, monofluoromethyl, pyridinomethyl, Phenoxymethyl, alkoxymethyl such as methoxymethyl
  • substituted aralkyl e.g. benzyl
  • G can also be further substituted, e.g. B. with alkyl, Aralkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, aryl, substituted amino, Ureido, urethane, aryloxy, sulfamoyl, carbamoyl, alkyl or Arylthio, alkyl- or arylsulfonyl, alkyl- or arylsulfinyl, Hydroxy, halogen, cyan, sulfo, aryloxycarbonyl, acyl, Alkoxycarbonyl, acyloxy, carbamide, sulfonamide, carboxyl, Phosphamide, diacylamino, imide.
  • G can also be chosen so that the L-G part of the molecule is separated to form a ring, as is e.g. in EP-B-02 53 665 is described.
  • Suitable hydrazine compounds are:
  • the amount of the hydrazine compound is preferably between 10 -6 and 10 -2 mol per mol of silver halide.
  • Suitable contrast-enhancing amino compounds are for example known from US-A-4,914,003, EP-A-06 18 491 and EP-A-06 63 611 and from the German patent application 19515619.6.
  • Amino compounds of the general formula (A) are particularly suitable wherein each of the substituents R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a substituted alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a substituted alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a substituted aryl group, but not all three are simultaneously hydrogen.
  • the substituents can also be linked together to form one or two rings and, in turn, can be substituted with diffusion-inhibiting (ballast) groups and / or groups which promote adsorption with respect to silver halide surfaces.
  • Amino compounds in their molecule are preferred at least one secondary or tertiary amino group and also a group with a quaternary Nitrogen atom, a polyoxyalkylene chain, a thioether or Thioketone group, a nitrile group, a sulfonylurea or urethane group or a guanidine group.
  • the contrast-increasing amino compound falls under one of the general formulas (B), (C) or (D): RR 1 N - X - (CN) n NC - X - NR 2 - B - NR 2 - X - CN RR 1 N - X - N (CH 2 CN) 2 where X is a divalent or trivalent linking group.
  • the radicals R and R 1 may be the same or different and each may be a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-hexyl.
  • Each of the groups R and R 1 can also be a benzyl group.
  • the groups R and R 1 and also the heterocyclic rings corresponding to these groups can be further substituted, preferably with hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or alkylamino groups, where the alkyl can have 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of such substituents are methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, ethylamino, dimethylamino, butylthio.
  • R or R 1 can also connect to the connecting group X with their free end to form a ring which includes the nitrogen atom of the tertiary amino group.
  • a ring can be, for example, a piperidine ring or a morpholine ring.
  • the divalent connecting groups X and B are preferred straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkylene groups with 1 up to 20 carbon atoms, phenylene or aralkylene groups with 7 to 20 carbon atoms, or divalent chains from 1 to 20 methylene groups, in addition to these also oxygen, Sulfur, amino groups, alkene or alkyne groups or also Polyoxyalkylene groups, especially polyoxyethylene or Polyoxypropylene groups with 1 to 50 oxyalkyl units can be installed.
  • An ethylene is particularly preferred or propylene group.
  • the groups mentioned can also continue be substituted, for example with alkyl, hydroxyl and further tertiary amino groups.
  • the connecting group X can also be trivalent and thus connect the tertiary amino group with two nitrile groups.
  • the groups mentioned in the previous paragraph are suitable if they contain a further free valence instead of a hydrogen atom. Examples include:
  • the radical R 2 in the general formula (B) denotes a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, preferably having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an aryl group, preferably having 6 to 14 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group, preferably having 7 to 15 carbon atoms. These groups can in turn be substituted, for example with hydroxyl, amino, alkylamino and alkoxy groups, the alkyl here preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. If it is an alkyl group, it can also be attached to a carbon atom of group B with its end facing away from the nitrogen, forming a ring. Such a ring can be, for example, a piperidine, pyrrolidine or hexahydroazepine ring.
  • the two radicals R 2 can also form together with B or with parts of B and with the two nitrogen atoms one or two saturated rings, preferably with 5 or 6 members, for example pyrrolidine or piperidine rings.
  • Suitable amino compounds are: (C 2 H 5 ) 2 NC 3 H 6 ⁇ CN HCl (i- C 3 H 7 ) 2 NC 2 H 4 ⁇ CN HCl (C 2 H 5 ) 2 NC 2 H 4 ⁇ O ⁇ C 2 H 4 ⁇ CN (C 2 H 5 ) 2 NC 2 H 4 ⁇ S ⁇ C 2 H 4 ⁇ CN (C 2 H 5 ) 2 N-CH 2 -CHOH-CH 2 OH (C 3 H 7 ) 2 NC 2 H 4 - (OC 2 H 4 ) 14 ⁇ N (C 3 H 7 ) 2 (C 4 H 9 ) 2 NC 2 H 4 ⁇ CN HCl (C 4 H 9 ) 2 NC 3 H 6 ⁇ N (CH 2 CN) 2 [(C 2 H 5 ) 2 N- (C 2 H 4 O) 2 ⁇ CH 2 CHOHCH 2 ⁇ OCH 2 -] 2 (C 2 H 5 ) 2 N ⁇ CH 2 CHOHCH 2 ⁇ O ⁇ CH 2 CH 2 ⁇ CH 2 CHOH
  • Suitable phosphonium compounds are (nC 4 H 9 ) 4 P + Br - (nC 4 H 9 ) 3 -P + - (nC 16 H 33 ) Br -
  • the light-sensitive silver halides of the invention recording materials used consist of Silver chloride, silver bromide, silver chlorobromide, Silver bromoiodide or silver chlorobromoiodide, where Silver bromide and silver bromoiodide are preferred.
  • the silver halide grains can be spherical, polyhedral or tabular to have. Methods of making suitable photosensitive Silver halide emulsions are known to the person skilled in the art and for example in Research Disclosure 365 044, Chapter I to IV (September 1994).
  • Recording materials are silver halide emulsions that be produced by controlled double jet inlet and have a cubic grain shape. Emulsions are advantageous in which at least 80 percent by weight of the silver halide are available in cubic form. Are particularly preferred monodisperse emulsions, i.e. H. those where the Coefficient of variation (quotient of standard deviation and Mean) the grain size is less than 0.30. Under Grain size becomes the edge length of one with the real grain volume equal cube understood.
  • the grain volume of the silver halide grains in the emulsions depends on the required sensitivity and can for example the cubic grain from 0.1 to 0.7 ⁇ m Edge length. A preferred range is between 0.15 and 0.30 ⁇ m.
  • the emulsions are preferably chemically sensitized. Suitable processes are the sulfur, the reduction and the precious metal sensitization, also in combination can be applied. For the latter, for example Gold or iridium compounds can be used.
  • the Sensitization is preferred in the presence of salts organic thiosulfonic acids, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, carried out.
  • the emulsions can be mixed with conventional sensitizing dyes be spectrally sensitized, such as in Research Disclosure 365 044, Chapter V (September 1994), described. There are sensitizers for red (Wavelength 600 ... 690 nm) and infrared (> 690 nm) light prefers.
  • the emulsions can also be conventional antifoggants contain.
  • Substituted benzotriazole are preferred, 5-nitroindazole and 1-phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole. This means can be used at any time during emulsion production be added or in an auxiliary layer of the photographic material may be included.
  • the photographic properties can before or the emulsion after chemical ripening an iodide, preferably a Alkali iodide, in an amount of about 0.5 to 5 millimoles per mole Silver can be added.
  • the emulsions can also contain known polymer dispersions which, for example, improve the dimensional stability of the photographic material. These are generally latices of hydrophobic polymers in an aqueous matrix. Examples of suitable polymer dispersions are mentioned in Research Disclosure 176 043, Chapter IX B (December 1978). Polymers of esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid are preferred, particularly preferably of C 1 to C 6 esters. The particle size of these polymer latices is preferably between 20 and 100 nm.
  • the layers of the photographic materials can be through Addition of a hardening agent to be hardened.
  • Hardening agent are, for example, in Research Disclosure 365 044, Chapter II B (September 1994).
  • This hardener can added to the emulsion or via an auxiliary layer for example, an outer protective layer.
  • Suitable hardeners are, for example, aldehydes, such as Formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde, vinyl sulfones, s-triazines, Aziridines, carbodiimides, carbamoylpyridinium compounds, mono- and bifunctional carbamoylimidazolium compounds.
  • On preferred curing agent is hydroxydichlorotriazine.
  • the photographic material can be further additives for the Generation of certain properties are known and common, contain. Such funds are, for example, in research Disclosure 365 044 (September 1994) in Chapter VI (Brightener), IX A (coating aid), IX B (Plasticizers and lubricants) and IX D (matting agents) listed.
  • the gelatin content of the emulsions is in general between 30 and 150 g per mole of silver; the is preferred Range between 40 and 100 g per mol of silver.
  • the silver halide materials according to the invention can be used for Production of black and white negative images with ultra-fine Contrast can be used. You can do this with a suitable light source are exposed imagewise. This can both over the entire surface with a copy template, for example an incandescent lamp or a discharge lamp, possibly by means of a Color filter, or by scanning with a intensity-modulated light beam, for example from a Gas, solid or semiconductor lasers happen. On preferred method uses a HeNe laser or a Semiconductor laser with emission in the red spectral range.
  • Processing the exposed material to produce the Image preferably involves treatment with an aqueous Development bath, with an aqueous fixing bath, the washing and drying.
  • Processing is preferred as a quick process with a Development time of at most 30 s and accordingly adapted developer temperature, for example 32 ° C and about it, executed.
  • Developer solutions with a high content of Developer substance, for example more than 25 g per liter.
  • the developer solutions preferably contain one Dihydroxybenzene developer, for example Hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, methylhydroquinone or Chlorohydroquinone, and an antioxidant, are preferred an alkali sulfite in a concentration of more than 0.3 mol per liter. Solutions with pH values from 9 to are preferred at most 11, particularly preferably from 10 to 10.5, used. Such developer solutions are also durable when in use. Developer solutions with a can also be used Ascorbic acid type developer, for example L-ascorbic acid, D-ascorbic acid, L-erythroascorbic acid, 6-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid, imino-L-erythroascorbic acid or Sugar derivatives of these acids. Are also suitable Developer solutions that both developer substances from Dihydroxybenzene type as well as those of the ascorbic acid type contain.
  • Dihydroxybenzene developer for example Hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, methylhydroquinone or Chlorohydroquinone, and an antioxidant,
  • the developer solutions preferably contain known solutions super-additive auxiliary developer substances, for example N-methyl-p-aminophenol or 1-phenylpyrazolidinone-3 or derivatives of these compounds.
  • antifoggants contained from the group of benzotriazoles.
  • Such Antifoggants are, for example, benzotriazole, 5-chlorobenzotriazole, 5-bromobenzotriazole, 5-methylbenztriazole, 5-nitrobenztriazole, 5-benzoylaminobenztriazole, 1-hydroxymethylbenztriazole, 6-cyanobenztriazole.
  • the recording materials according to the invention stand out due to low fog values and excellent Storage stability. Above all, this concerns a minor one Soot veil.
  • the inventive Materials also have a high gradation in the foot and Middle area. Due to the low veil and the high Foot gradation can take full advantage of the exposure latitude and an optimal grid size can be achieved because the Stray light sensitivity is reduced.
  • the invention can be used to produce black and white Negative images with ultra-partial contrast, especially in the Reproduction in prepress for the black and white and Multi-color printing.
  • emulsion additives each 1 mol of silver halide.
  • a cubic silver bromoiodide emulsion with grains with an edge length of 0.18 ⁇ m is produced by pAg-controlled double jet precipitation.
  • the iodide content is 2 mol% based on silver.
  • This emulsion is flocculated, washed and chemically ripened with 10 -5 mol hexachloroplatinic acid, 8 mg potassium thiotosylate, 6 mg benzenesulfinic acid, 0.4 millimole thiosulfate and 0.1 millimole tetrachloroauric acid.
  • Red-sensitive scanner films were produced by applying the emulsions together with two gelatin protective layers (together 0.9 g gelatin per m 2 ) to a polyethylene terephthalate base provided on the back with an antistatic and anticurl layer.
  • the silver coating was 3.5 g per m 2 .
  • the protective layers also contained hydroquinone, polyethylene oxide 20000, 500 mg / m 2 colloidal silica and a polyolefin oxidate according to DE 43 11 888.
  • the layers were coated with 1 millimole of hydroxydichlorotriazine, sodium salt, and 0.1 millimole of bis-dimethylcarbamoylimidazolium chloride, each per gram of gelatin, hardened.
  • Developer composition water 500 g Sodium bisulfite 50 g KOH 27 g EDTA trisodium salt 3.7 g Hydroquinone 25 g Potassium bromide 4 g Benzotriazole 0.3 g Phenyl mercaptotetrazole 0.05 g 4-hydroxymethyl-4-methyl-1-phenylpyrazolidinone 1 g Boric acid 3 g Sodium hydroxide 24 g Diethylene glycol 40 g

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein photographisches Silberhalogenid-Aufzeichnungsmaterial zur Erzeugung von schwarz-weißen Negativbildern mit ultrasteilem Kontrast, das eine Hydrazinverbindung und eine kontraststeigernde Aminoverbindung enthält.The invention relates to a silver halide photographic material to create black and white Negative images with ultra-partial contrast, one Hydrazine compound and a contrast-enhancing amino compound contains.

Bei der photomechanischen Reproduktion müssen häufig Halbtonbilder in Rasterpunktbilder umgewandelt werden. Hierzu verwendet man Silberhalogenidmaterialien, die man in besonderen Verfahren zu ultrasteilem Kontrast, d. h. zu einer maximalen Steigung der Schwärzungskurve von mehr als 10, entwickelt. Bekannt sind beispielsweise das Lithverfahren mit sulfitarmen, formaldehydhaltigen Hydrochinonentwicklern. Besondere praktische Bedeutung hat neuerdings die Entwicklung in Gegenwart von Hydrazinverbindungen.In photomechanical reproduction, often Halftone images can be converted into halftone dot images. For this one uses silver halide materials which one in special methods for ultra-partial contrast, d. H. to a maximum gradient of the density curve of more than 10, developed. The lith process is also known, for example Low-sulfite, formaldehyde-containing hydroquinone developers. Development has recently become of particular practical importance in the presence of hydrazine compounds.

Bei diesem Verfahren werden häufig gewisse Aminoverbindungen zur weiteren Steigerung des Kontrastes angewendet. So wird in der EP-00 32 456-B1 ein Verfahren beansprucht, bei dem man ein Aufzeichnungsmaterial in Gegenwart einer Hydrazinverbindung mit einem Hydrochinon-3-Pyrazolidinon-Entwickler verarbeitet, der eine kontraststeigernde Menge einer Aminoverbindung enthält. Solche Entwickler weisen jedoch eine Reihe von Nachteilen auf. Daher werden seit einigen Jahren auch kontraststeigernde Aminoverbindungen gemeinsam mit Hydrazinverbindungen in das photographische Aufzeichnungsmaterial inkorporiert.Certain amino compounds are often used in this process applied to further increase the contrast. So in EP-00 32 456-B1 claims a method in which one Recording material in the presence of a hydrazine compound processed with a hydroquinone-3-pyrazolidinone developer, which is a contrast increasing amount of an amino compound contains. However, such developers have a number of Disadvantages on. Therefore, for some years now too contrast-enhancing amino compounds together with Hydrazine compounds in the photographic Recording material incorporated.

In der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE-A-43 10 327 ist ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Negativbildern mit ultrasteilem Kontrast beschrieben, bei dem die Entwicklung des Silberhalogenid-Aufzeichnungsmaterials in Gegenwart von Verbindungen erfolgt, deren Moleküle mindestens ein quaternäres Stickstoffatom und mindestens eine tertiäre Aminfunktion aufweisen.In the German patent application DE-A-43 10 327 there is a Process for the generation of negative images with ultra-partial Contrast described in which the development of the Silver halide recording material in the presence of Connections are made whose molecules have at least one quaternary nitrogen atom and at least one tertiary Have amine function.

In der EP-04 73 342-A1 ist ein photographisches Silberhalogenidmaterial beschrieben, das in einem Entwickler mit einem pH < 11 zu ultrasteilem Kontrast entwickelt werden kann. Die lichtempfindliche Beschichtung dieses Materials enthält eine Hydrazinverbindung einer bestimmten Formel sowie eine Amino- oder eine quaternäre Oniumverbindung und ist auf einen pH von mindestens 5,9 eingestellt.In EP-04 73 342-A1 there is a photographic Silver halide material described in a developer with a pH <11 to be developed to ultra-partial contrast can. The light sensitive coating of this material contains a hydrazine compound of a certain formula as well an amino or a quaternary onium compound and is on set a pH of at least 5.9.

US 4,975,354 schlägt vor, den Silberhalogenidmaterialien neben Hydrazinverbindungen noch bestimmte sekundäre oder tertiäre Aminoverbindungen, die außerdem mindestens drei Oxyethylenenheiten in ihrem Molekül enthalten, als Kontrastverstärker ("booster") zu inkorporieren.US 4,975,354 suggests the silver halide materials alongside Hydrazine compounds still certain secondary or tertiary Amino compounds that also have at least three Oxyethylene units contained in their molecule as Incorporating contrast enhancers ("boosters").

EP 04 22 677 beschreibt die Anwendung von tertiären Aminoverbindungen mit mindestens drei Oxyethyleneinheiten im Molekül als Entwicklungsbeschleuniger in Entwicklerlösungen, die auch in Gegenwart von Hydrazinverbindungen wirken.EP 04 22 677 describes the use of tertiary Amino compounds with at least three oxyethylene units in the Molecule as a development accelerator in developer solutions, which also work in the presence of hydrazine compounds.

EP 05 39 998 beansprucht Silberhalogenidmaterialien, die neben Hydrazinverbindungen noch Thioetherverbindungen mit tertiärer Aminogruppe enthalten.EP 05 39 998 claims silver halide materials, which besides Hydrazine compounds or thioether compounds with tertiary Amino group included.

Weitere Aminoverbindungen, die bei Inkorporierung mit Hydrazinverbindungen kontraststeigernd wirken, sind in der EP-A-06 63 611 beschrieben.Other amino compounds that are incorporated with Hydrazine compounds have a contrast-enhancing effect EP-A-06 63 611.

Schließlich ist aus der US 4,929,535 auch bekannt, daß gewisse Phosphoniumverbindungen eine kontraststeigernde Wirkung in Silberhalogenidmaterialien, die eine Hydrazinverbindung enthalten, entfalten können.Finally, it is also known from US 4,929,535 that certain Phosphonium compounds have a contrast enhancing effect in Silver halide materials containing a hydrazine compound contain, unfold.

Ein häufig beobachteter Mangel der bekannten Hochkontrast-Aufzeichnungsmaterialien ist eine starke Veränderung der photographischen Eigenschaften bei längerer Lagerung. A frequently observed shortcoming of the known high-contrast recording materials is a major change in the photographic properties after prolonged storage.

Insbesondere steigt der Schleier. Die üblichen Maßnahmen gegen Schleier, nämlich die Zugabe von Antischleiermitteln zur Emulsion und eine weniger intensive chemische Reifung, haben eine unzureichende Empfindlichkeit zur Folge. Außerdem behindern die üblichen Antischleiermittel, wie Benzotriazole, Nitroindazole und Mercaptotetrazole, die infektiöse Entwicklung, sodaß der Kontrast, insbesondere bei der heute üblichen Schnellverarbeitung, unbefriedigend ist.In particular, the veil rises. The usual measures against Veil, namely the addition of antifoggants to the Emulsion and less intense chemical ripening insufficient sensitivity. Moreover hinder the usual antifoggants, such as benzotriazoles, Nitroindazoles and mercaptotetrazoles, the infectious Development so that the contrast, especially in today's usual rapid processing, is unsatisfactory.

Vor allem Hochkontrastmaterialien für die Schnellverarbeitung, deren Schichten nur wenig Gelatine enthalten, weisen eine besondere Art des Schleiers auf, die als Ruß- oder Kohlenstaubschleier bezeichnet wird. Er unterscheidet sich von der als Pfefferkornschleier bekannten Erscheinung dadurch, daß die geschwärzten Bereiche kleiner und zahlreicher sind. Andererseits sind diese Bereiche deutlich größer als jene, die nur aus jeweils einem entwickelten Silberhalogenidkorn bestehen und die den bekannten Emulsionsschleier charakterisieren.Above all, high contrast materials for fast processing, the layers of which contain little gelatin have one special type of veil on the soot or Coal dust curtain is called. It differs from the appearance known as peppercorn veil in that the blackened areas are smaller and more numerous. On the other hand, these areas are significantly larger than those only from one developed silver halide grain exist and the well-known emulsion veil characterize.

Ein weiterer Mangel solcher Materialien ist die geringe Konturenschärfe der mit diesen erzeugten Strich- und Rasterpunktbilder, die zum Teil auf die Verschleierung an den Rändern und in den Zwischenräumen der Striche und Punkte zurückgeführt werden kann.Another shortcoming of such materials is the minor Contour sharpness of the line and generated with these Halftone dot images that are partly due to the obfuscation on the Edges and in the spaces between the lines and dots can be traced back.

Polyvinyllactame, insbesondere Polyvinylpyrrolidinone, sind seit langem als Bindemittel für lichtempfindliche Silberhalogenidschichten bekannt und als solche beispielsweise in Research Disclosure 365044, September 1994, Kapitel II C, und 308119, Dezember 1989, Kapitel IX B aufgeführt. Als zur Verwendung als Bindemittel typische Mengen nennt zum Beispiel die DE-B-11 20 272 8 bis 50 Gewichtsprozent der trockenen Emulsion, die 30 bis 70 Gewichtsprozent Silberhalogenid enthalten kann. Dies entspricht 21,5 bis 313 g je mol Silberbromid. Polyvinyl lactams, especially polyvinyl pyrrolidinones has long been used as a binder for photosensitive Silver halide layers are known and as such, for example in Research Disclosure 365044, September 1994, Chapter II C, and Chapter IX B, 308119, December 1989. As for Use as a binder, for example, gives typical amounts DE-B-11 20 272 8 to 50 percent by weight of the dry Emulsion containing 30 to 70 weight percent silver halide may contain. This corresponds to 21.5 to 313 g per mol Silver bromide.

Durch die Verwendung von Polyvinyllactamen als Bindemittel in Hochkontrastmaterialien, die Hydrazinverbindungen und kontraststeigernde Amino- oder Phosphoniumverbindungen enthalten, wird deren Empfindlichkeit bis unter die Grenze der praktischen Brauchbarkeit vermindert.By using polyvinyl lactams as binders in High contrast materials, the hydrazine compounds and contrast enhancing amino or phosphonium compounds included, their sensitivity is below the limit of practical usability decreased.

Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe, ein Silberhalogenid-Aufzeichnungsmaterial vorzuschlagen, das zum Erzeugen von Negativbildern mit ultrasteilem Kontrast bei kurzer Verarbeitungszeit geeignet ist, das eine hohe Empfindlichkeit und einen geringen Schleier aufweist und die Herstellung von Bildern mit hohem Kontrast und hoher Konturenschärfe ermöglicht, und dessen photographische Eigenschaften sich während der Lagerung nicht verschlechtern.The invention has for its object a silver halide recording material to propose that for generating Negative images with ultra-partial contrast at short Processing time is suitable, which is high sensitivity and has a low veil and the production of Images with high contrast and high definition enables, and whose photographic properties themselves do not deteriorate during storage.

Diese Aufgaben werden gelöst durch ein Silberhalogenid-Aufzeichnungsmaterial nach dem Hauptanspruch.These objects are achieved by a silver halide recording material according to the main claim.

Es wurde nämlich überraschenderweise gefunden, daß ein photographisches Silberhalogenidmaterial umfassend mindestens eine lichtempfindliche Silberhalogenid-Emulsionsschicht auf einem Schichtträger, bei dem in der Silberhalogenid-Emulsionsschicht oder in einer mit dieser in reaktiver Beziehung stehenden Schicht sowohl eine Hydrazinverbindung als auch eine kontraststeigernde Amino- und/oder Phosphoniumverbindung vorhanden sind, ausgezeichnete Schleier- und Empfindlichkeitswerte bei hervorragender Konturenschärfe und guter Lagerbeständigkeit besitzt, wenn die Silberhalogenid-Emulsionsschicht oder eine mit dieser in reaktiver Beziehung stehende Schicht ein Polyvinyllactam in einer Menge von 250 bis 2500 mg je mol Silberhalogenid im*) enthält. Unter Polyvinyllactam wird hier ein Vinylpolymer verstanden, welches zu mindestens 80 Gewichtsprozent aus N-Vinyllactamgruppen besteht.Surprisingly, it has been found that a photographic silver halide material comprising at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on a support, in which in the silver halide emulsion layer or in a layer which is reactive with it, both a hydrazine compound and a contrast-increasing amino and / or Phosphonium compound are present, has excellent fog and sensitivity values with excellent sharpness of contours and good storage stability if the silver halide emulsion layer or a layer which is reactive with this has a polyvinyl lactam in an amount of 250 to 2500 mg per mol of silver halide in *) contains. Polyvinyl lactam is understood here to mean a vinyl polymer which consists of at least 80 percent by weight of N-vinyl lactam groups.

Diese Wirkung war für den Fachmann nicht zu erwarten. Die oben erwähnte DE-B-11 20 272 beschreibt nämlich, daß bei der Verwendung von Polyvinyllactamen als Bindemittel in Negativemulsionen zwecks Erhöhung der Deckkraft ein erhöhter Schleier auftritt, der durch weitere Zusätze wieder vermindert werden soll.This effect was not to be expected for the person skilled in the art. The above mentioned DE-B-11 20 272 describes that at Use of polyvinyl lactams as binders in Negative emulsions to increase opacity Veil occurs, which is reduced again by further additives shall be.

Das erfindungsgemäß anzuwendende Polyvinyllactam ist bevorzugt ein Poly-N-vinylpyrrolidinon.The polyvinyl lactam to be used according to the invention is preferred a poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidinone.

Die mittlere Molmasse des Polyvinyllactams liegt bevorzugt zwischen 6000 und 100000; besonders bevorzugt ist der Bereich zwischen 15000 und 50000.The average molecular weight of the polyvinyl lactam is preferred between 6000 and 100000; the range is particularly preferred between 15,000 and 50,000.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform liegt die Menge des angewendeten Polyvinyllactams zwischen 250 und 1000 mg, besonders bevorzugt von 400 bis 1000 mg je mol Silberhalogenid im Silberhalogenidmaterial.In a further preferred embodiment, the amount is of the polyvinyl lactam used between 250 and 1000 mg, particularly preferably from 400 to 1000 mg per mol of silver halide in Silver halide material.

Die in dem erfindungsgemäßen Aufzeichnungsmaterial enthaltene Hydrazinverbindung kann in an sich bekannter Weise entweder in eine oder in mehrere Schichten des Aufzeichnungsmaterials inkorporiert werden. Dies können sowohl Schichten sein, welche das lichtempfindliche Silberhalogenid enthalten, als auch Schichten, die mit den erstgenannten in reaktiver Beziehung stehen, d. h. die so angeordnet sind, daß Stoffe von einer in die andere Schicht diffundieren können, wenn durch Reaktionen ein Konzentrationsgefälle aufrechterhalten wird. Zur Inkorporierung können sowohl Lösungen als auch Dispersionen der Hydrazinverbindung zu den Beschichtungslösungen zugefügt werden.The contained in the recording material according to the invention Hydrazine compound can either in one or more layers of the recording material be incorporated. These can be both layers contain the photosensitive silver halide, as well Layers that are reactive with the former stand, d. H. which are arranged so that substances from one in the other layer can diffuse if through reactions a concentration gradient is maintained. For Both solutions and dispersions can be incorporated added the hydrazine compound to the coating solutions become.

Geeignete Hydrazinverbindungen sind beispielsweise beschrieben in Research Disclosure 235 010 (November 1983),
DE-27 25 743-A1, EP-00 32 456-B1, EP-01 26 000-A2, EP-01 38 200-A2, EP-02 03 521-A2, EP-02 17 310-A2, EP-02 53 665-A2, EP-03 24 391-A2, EP-03 24 426-A2, EP-03 26 443-A2, EP-03 56 898-A2, EP-04 73 342-A1, EP-05 01 546-A1, EP-04 81 565-A , EP-05 98 315-A1, EP-04 44 506-A. Suitable hydrazine compounds are described, for example, in Research Disclosure 235 010 (November 1983),
DE-27 25 743-A1, EP-00 32 456-B1, EP-01 26 000-A2, EP-01 38 200-A2, EP-02 03 521-A2, EP-02 17 310-A2, EP- 02 53 665-A2, EP-03 24 391-A2, EP-03 24 426-A2, EP-03 26 443-A2, EP-03 56 898-A2, EP-04 73 342-A1, EP-05 01 546-A1, EP-04 81 565-A, EP-05 98 315-A1, EP-04 44 506-A.

Bevorzugte Hydrazinverbindungen sind durch die allgemeine Formel (H) beschrieben: B - Phenyl - NHNH - L - G Preferred hydrazine compounds are described by the general formula (H): B - phenyl - NHNH - L - G

Hierin bedeuten B eine Ballastgruppe, G eine aktivierende Gruppe und L eine der Gruppen -CO- und -CO-CO-. "Phenyl" bedeutet einen Phenylenring, an den B und die Hydrazingruppe gebunden sind, und zwar bevorzugt in Para-Stellung, und der weiter substituiert sein kann.Here B is a ballast group, G is an activating group Group and L one of the groups -CO- and -CO-CO-. "Phenyl" means a phenylene ring on the B and the hydrazine group are bound, preferably in the para position, and the can be further substituted.

Bevorzugte Ballastgruppen sind jene, die nicht elektronenanziehend sind, beispielsweise gerade oder verzweigte Alkylgruppen, (z. B. Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, Isopropyl, n-Butyl, Isobutyl, n-Hexyl, n-Octyl, t-Octyl, n-Decyl, n-Dodecyl und ähnliche Gruppen), auch Alkoxygruppen, die als Alkyl eine der oben genannten Alkylgruppen enthalten, sowie Acylaminogruppen, wie Acetylamino, Propanoylamino, Butanoylamino, Octanoylamino, Benzoylamino, Alkyl- und Arylsulfonamido- und ähnliche Gruppen.Preferred ballast groups are those that are not are electron-attracting, for example straight or branched alkyl groups (e.g. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, Isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, t-octyl, n-decyl, n-dodecyl and similar groups), also alkoxy groups, which contain one of the alkyl groups mentioned above as alkyl, as well as acylamino groups, such as acetylamino, propanoylamino, Butanoylamino, octanoylamino, benzoylamino, alkyl and Arylsulfonamido and similar groups.

Die genannten Gruppen können ihrerseits mit herkömmlichen photographischen Ballastgruppen substituiert sein, wie sie von inkorporierten diffusionsfesten Kupplern und anderen immobilisierten photographischen Zusätzen bekannt sind. Solche Ballastgruppen enthalten typischerweise mindestens 8 Kohlenstoffatome und können aus relativ reaktionsträgen aliphatischen oder aromatischen Gruppen ausgewählt werden, beispielsweise Alkyl, Alkoxy, Phenyl, Alkylphenyl, Phenoxy, Alkylphenoxy, Arylacyl, Arylamido, Alkylpyridinium-1-ylamido und ähnlichen Gruppen.The groups mentioned can in turn be used with conventional photographic ballast groups as substituted by incorporated diffusion-proof couplers and others immobilized photographic additives are known. Such Ballast groups typically contain at least 8 Carbon atoms and can be made of relatively inert aliphatic or aromatic groups are selected, for example alkyl, alkoxy, phenyl, alkylphenyl, phenoxy, Alkylphenoxy, arylacyl, arylamido, alkylpyridinium-1-ylamido and similar groups.

Die Alkyl- und Alkoxygruppen enthalten einschließlich etwaiger Ballastgruppen vorzugsweise 1 bis 20, die Acylaminogruppen vorzugsweise 2 bis 21 Kohlenstoffatome. Es können aber bis zu 30 oder mehr Kohlenstoffatome in diesen Gruppen enthalten sein. Besonders bevorzugt sind Methoxyphenyl, Tolyl, ballastiertes Butyramidophenyl, Butylsulfonamido und Toluylsulfonamido. The alkyl and alkoxy groups include any Ballast groups preferably 1 to 20, the acylamino groups preferably 2 to 21 carbon atoms. But it can be up to Contain 30 or more carbon atoms in these groups his. Methoxyphenyl, tolyl, ballasted butyramidophenyl, butylsulfonamido and Toluylsulfonamido.

Zu den bevorzugten Hydrazinverbindungen gehören solche, deren Ballastgruppe noch eine adsorptionsfördernde Gruppe enthält. Solche Gruppen fördern die Adsorption des Moleküls an der Oberfläche der Silberhalogenidkristalle und sind an sich bekannt. Sie enthalten typischerweise wenigstens ein Schwefel- oder Stickstoffatom, das einen Silberkomplex bilden kann oder sonst eine Affinität zur Silberhalogenidoberfläche hat. Bevorzugte Beispiele sind Thioharnstoff-, Thiuronium-, heterozyklische Thioamid- und Triazolgruppen.The preferred hydrazine compounds include those whose Ballast group still contains an adsorption promoting group. Such groups promote the adsorption of the molecule on the Surface of the silver halide crystals and are in themselves known. They typically contain at least one sulfur or nitrogen atom which can form a silver complex or otherwise has an affinity for the silver halide surface. Preferred examples are thiourea, thiuronium, heterocyclic thioamide and triazole groups.

G ist vorzugsweise Wasserstoff, ggf. substituiertes Alkyl (z.B. Methyl, Hydroxymethyl, Monofluormethyl, Pyridinomethyl, Phenoxymethyl, Alkoxymethyl wie Methoxymethyl), ggf. substituiertes Aralkyl (z.B. Benzyl, o-Hydroxybenzyl) und ggf. substituiertes Aryl (z.B. Phenyl, 3,5-Dichlorphenyl, o-Methansulfonamidophenyl, 4-Methansulfonylmethyl, 2-Hydroxymethylphenyl), wobei Alkylgruppen mit elektronenanziehenden Substituenten, beispielsweise kationischen Gruppen mit quaternärem Stickstoffatom, wie Pyridinium und Imidazolium, besonders bevorzugt sind.G is preferably hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl (e.g. methyl, hydroxymethyl, monofluoromethyl, pyridinomethyl, Phenoxymethyl, alkoxymethyl such as methoxymethyl), if appropriate substituted aralkyl (e.g. benzyl, o-hydroxybenzyl) and possibly substituted aryl (e.g. phenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, o-methanesulfonamidophenyl, 4-methanesulfonylmethyl, 2-hydroxymethylphenyl), alkyl groups with electron-withdrawing substituents, for example cationic groups with quaternary nitrogen atom, such as Pyridinium and Imidazolium, are particularly preferred.

G kann auch weiter substituiert sein, z. B. mit Alkyl, Aralkyl, Alkenyl, Alkinyl, Alkoxy, Aryl, substituiertem Amino, Ureido, Urethan, Aryloxy, Sulfamoyl, Carbamoyl, Alkyl- oder Arylthio, Alkyl- oder Arylsulfonyl, Alkyl- oder Arylsulfinyl, Hydroxy, Halogen, Cyan, Sulfo, Aryloxycarbonyl, Acyl, Alkoxycarbonyl, Acyloxy, Carbamid, Sulfonamid, Carboxyl, Phosphamid, Diacylamino, Imid.G can also be further substituted, e.g. B. with alkyl, Aralkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, aryl, substituted amino, Ureido, urethane, aryloxy, sulfamoyl, carbamoyl, alkyl or Arylthio, alkyl- or arylsulfonyl, alkyl- or arylsulfinyl, Hydroxy, halogen, cyan, sulfo, aryloxycarbonyl, acyl, Alkoxycarbonyl, acyloxy, carbamide, sulfonamide, carboxyl, Phosphamide, diacylamino, imide.

G kann auch so gewählt werden, daß das L-G-Teil des Moleküls unter Ringbildung abgetrennt wird, wie dies z.B. in EP-B-02 53 665 beschrieben ist.G can also be chosen so that the L-G part of the molecule is separated to form a ring, as is e.g. in EP-B-02 53 665 is described.

Beispiele geeigneter Hydrazinverbindungen sind:

Figure 00070001
Figure 00080001
Figure 00080002
Figure 00080003
Figure 00080004
Figure 00080005
Figure 00080006
Figure 00080007
Figure 00080008
Figure 00080009
Figure 00090001
Figure 00090002
Figure 00090003
Figure 00090004
Figure 00090005
Figure 00090006
Figure 00090007
Figure 00090008
Figure 00100001
Figure 00100002
Figure 00100003
Examples of suitable hydrazine compounds are:
Figure 00070001
Figure 00080001
Figure 00080002
Figure 00080003
Figure 00080004
Figure 00080005
Figure 00080006
Figure 00080007
Figure 00080008
Figure 00080009
Figure 00090001
Figure 00090002
Figure 00090003
Figure 00090004
Figure 00090005
Figure 00090006
Figure 00090007
Figure 00090008
Figure 00100001
Figure 00100002
Figure 00100003

Die Menge der Hydrazinverbindung liegt bevorzugt zwischen 10-6 und 10-2 mol je mol Silberhalogenid.The amount of the hydrazine compound is preferably between 10 -6 and 10 -2 mol per mol of silver halide.

Geeignete kontraststeigernde Aminoverbindungen sind beispielsweise bekannt aus US-A-4,914,003, EP-A-06 18 491 und EP-A-06 63 611 und aus der deutschen Patentanmeldung 19515619.6.Suitable contrast-enhancing amino compounds are for example known from US-A-4,914,003, EP-A-06 18 491 and EP-A-06 63 611 and from the German patent application 19515619.6.

Besonders geeignet sind Aminoverbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (A)

Figure 00100004
worin jeder der Substituenten R1, R2 und R3 ein Wasserstoffatom, eine Alkylgruppe, eine substituierte Alkylgruppe, eine Alkenylgruppe, eine substituierte Alkenylgruppe, eine Alkinylgruppe, eine Arylgruppe oder eine substituierte Arylgruppe sein kann, jedoch nicht alle drei gleichzeitig Wasserstoff sind. Auch können die Substituenten miteinander zu einem oder zwei Ringen verknüpft sein und ihrerseits mit diffusionshemmenden (Ballast-) Gruppen und/oder bezüglich Silberhalogenidoberflächen adsorptionsfördernden Gruppen substituiert sein.Amino compounds of the general formula (A) are particularly suitable
Figure 00100004
wherein each of the substituents R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a substituted alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a substituted alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a substituted aryl group, but not all three are simultaneously hydrogen. The substituents can also be linked together to form one or two rings and, in turn, can be substituted with diffusion-inhibiting (ballast) groups and / or groups which promote adsorption with respect to silver halide surfaces.

Bevorzugt werden Aminoverbindungen, die in ihrem Molekül wenigstens eine sekundäre oder tertiäre Aminogruppe und darüber hinaus eine Gruppe mit einem quaternären Stickstoffatom, eine Polyoxyalkylenkette, eine Thioether- oder Thioketongruppe, eine Nitrilgruppe, eine Sulfonylharnstoff- oder -urethangruppe oder eine Guanidingruppe enthalten.Amino compounds in their molecule are preferred at least one secondary or tertiary amino group and also a group with a quaternary Nitrogen atom, a polyoxyalkylene chain, a thioether or Thioketone group, a nitrile group, a sulfonylurea or urethane group or a guanidine group.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung fällt die kontraststeigernde Aminoverbindung unter eine der allgemeinen Formeln (B), (C) oder (D) : RR1N - X - (CN)n NC - X - NR2 - B - NR2 - X - CN RR1N - X - N(CH2CN)2 wobei X eine zweiwertige oder dreiwertige verbindende Gruppe ist.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the contrast-increasing amino compound falls under one of the general formulas (B), (C) or (D): RR 1 N - X - (CN) n NC - X - NR 2 - B - NR 2 - X - CN RR 1 N - X - N (CH 2 CN) 2 where X is a divalent or trivalent linking group.

Die Reste R und R1 können gleich oder verschieden sein und je eine geradkettige oder verzweigte Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen sein, beispielsweise Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, Isopropyl, n-Butyl, Isobutyl, n-Hexyl. Sie können auch unter Einschluß des Stickstoffatoms und ggf. eines weiteren Stickstoffatoms, eines Sauerstoffatoms oder einer Carbonylgruppe einen heterozyklischen Ring mit 5 bis 12 Gliedern bilden, beispielsweise einen Piperidin-, Pyrrolidin-, Pyrrolin-, Oxazolidin-, Imidazolin-, Morpholin-, Pyrazan-, Azepin-, Oxazepin- oder Azacyclodecanring. Jede der Gruppen R und R1 kann auch eine Benzylgruppe sein. Die Gruppen R und R1 und auch die diesen Gruppen entsprechenden heterozyklischen Ringe können weiter substituiert sein, bevorzugt mit Hydroxyl-, Alkoxy-, Alkylthio- oder Alkylaminogruppen, wobei das Alkyl 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatome aufweisen kann. Beispiele solcher Substituenten sind Methoxy, Ethoxy, Propoxy, Butoxy, Ethylamino, Dimethylamino, Butylthio.The radicals R and R 1 may be the same or different and each may be a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-hexyl. You can also form a heterocyclic ring with 5 to 12 members, including for example a piperidine, pyrrolidine, pyrroline, oxazolidine, imidazoline, morpholine, pyrazane, including the nitrogen atom and optionally another nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom or a carbonyl group -, azepine, oxazepine or azacyclodecane ring. Each of the groups R and R 1 can also be a benzyl group. The groups R and R 1 and also the heterocyclic rings corresponding to these groups can be further substituted, preferably with hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or alkylamino groups, where the alkyl can have 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of such substituents are methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, ethylamino, dimethylamino, butylthio.

R oder R1 können auch mit ihrem freien Ende unter Bildung eines Ringes, der das Stickstoffatom der tertiären Aminogruppe einschließt, an die verbindende Gruppe X anknüpfen. Ein solcher Ring kann beispielsweise ein Piperidinring oder ein Morpholinring sein.R or R 1 can also connect to the connecting group X with their free end to form a ring which includes the nitrogen atom of the tertiary amino group. Such a ring can be, for example, a piperidine ring or a morpholine ring.

Die zweiwertigen verbindenden Gruppen X und B sind bevorzugt gradkettige, verzweigte oder cyclische Alkylengruppen mit 1 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen, Phenylen- oder Aralkylengruppen mit 7 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen, oder zweiwertige Ketten aus 1 bis 20 Methylengruppen, in die neben diesen auch Sauerstoff, Schwefel, Aminogruppen, Alken- oder Alkingruppen oder auch Polyoxyalkylengruppen, insbesondere Polyoxyethylen oder Polyoxypropylengruppen mit 1 bis 50 Oxyalkyleinheiten eingebaut sein können. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ethylen- oder Propylengruppe. Die genannten Gruppen können auch weiter substituiert sein, beispielsweise mit Alkyl-, Hydroxyl- und weitern tertiären Aminogruppen.The divalent connecting groups X and B are preferred straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkylene groups with 1 up to 20 carbon atoms, phenylene or aralkylene groups with 7 to 20 carbon atoms, or divalent chains from 1 to 20 methylene groups, in addition to these also oxygen, Sulfur, amino groups, alkene or alkyne groups or also Polyoxyalkylene groups, especially polyoxyethylene or Polyoxypropylene groups with 1 to 50 oxyalkyl units can be installed. An ethylene is particularly preferred or propylene group. The groups mentioned can also continue be substituted, for example with alkyl, hydroxyl and further tertiary amino groups.

Die verbindende Gruppe X kann auch dreiwertig sein und so die tertiäre Aminogruppe mit zwei Nitrilogruppen verbinden. Geeignet sind die im vorstehenden Absatz genannten Gruppen, wenn in ihnen eine weitere freie Valenz anstelle eines Wasserstoffatoms vorhanden ist. Als Beispiele seien genannt:

Figure 00120001
Figure 00130001
The connecting group X can also be trivalent and thus connect the tertiary amino group with two nitrile groups. The groups mentioned in the previous paragraph are suitable if they contain a further free valence instead of a hydrogen atom. Examples include:
Figure 00120001
Figure 00130001

Der Rest R2 in der allgemeinen Formel (B) bedeutet eine gesättigte oder ungesättigte Alkylgruppe, bevorzugt mit 1 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, eine Arylgruppe, bevorzugt mit 6 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen oder eine Aralkylgruppe, bevorzugt mit 7 bis 15 Kohlenstoffatomen. Diese Gruppen können ihrerseits substituiert sein, beispielsweise mit Hydroxyl-, Amino-, Alkylamino- und Alkoxygruppen, wobei hierin das Alkyl vorzugsweise 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatome aufweist. Wenn es sich um eine Alkylgruppe handelt, dann kann diese auch mit ihrem vom Stickstoff abgewandten Ende unter Bildung eines Ringes an ein Kohlenstoffatom der Gruppe B gebunden sein. Ein solcher Ring kann beispielsweise ein Piperidin-, Pyrrolidin- oder Hexahydroazepinring sein. Die beiden Reste R2 können auch gemeinsam mit B oder mit Teilen von B und mit den beiden Stickstoffatomen einen oder zwei gesättigte Ringe, vorzugsweise mit 5 oder 6 Gliedern, bilden, zum Beispiel Pyrrolidin- oder Piperidinringe.The radical R 2 in the general formula (B) denotes a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, preferably having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an aryl group, preferably having 6 to 14 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group, preferably having 7 to 15 carbon atoms. These groups can in turn be substituted, for example with hydroxyl, amino, alkylamino and alkoxy groups, the alkyl here preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. If it is an alkyl group, it can also be attached to a carbon atom of group B with its end facing away from the nitrogen, forming a ring. Such a ring can be, for example, a piperidine, pyrrolidine or hexahydroazepine ring. The two radicals R 2 can also form together with B or with parts of B and with the two nitrogen atoms one or two saturated rings, preferably with 5 or 6 members, for example pyrrolidine or piperidine rings.

Beispiele geeigneter Aminoverbindungen sind: (C2H5)2N-C3H6―CN   HCl (i- C3H7)2N-C2H4―CN   HCl

Figure 00140001
Figure 00140002
(C2H5)2N-C2H4―O―C2H4―CN (C2H5)2N-C2H4―S―C2H4―CN (C2H5)2N-CH2-CHOH-CH2OH
Figure 00140003
Figure 00140004
(C3H7) 2N-C2H4―(OC2H4)14―N(C3H7)2
Figure 00140005
Figure 00140006
Figure 00140007
Figure 00150001
Figure 00150002
Figure 00150003
Figure 00150004
Figure 00150005
Figure 00150006
Figure 00150007
Figure 00150008
Figure 00150009
Figure 00150010
Figure 00160001
Figure 00160002
(C4H9)2N-C2H4―CN   HCl (C4H9)2N-C3H6―N (CH2CN)2
Figure 00160003
Figure 00160004
Figure 00160005
Figure 00160006
[(C2H5)2N-(C2H4O)2―CH2CHOHCH2―OCH2―]2 (C2H5)2N―CH2CHOHCH2―O―CH2CH2―CH2CHOHCH2-N(C2H5)2 [(C2H5)2N―(CH2CH2O)2―CH2CHOHCH2―OCH2CH2―]2
Figure 00160007
Figure 00170001
Figure 00170002
Figure 00170003
Figure 00170004
Figure 00170005
Figure 00170006
Figure 00170007
Examples of suitable amino compounds are: (C 2 H 5 ) 2 NC 3 H 6 ―CN HCl (i- C 3 H 7 ) 2 NC 2 H 4 ―CN HCl
Figure 00140001
Figure 00140002
(C 2 H 5 ) 2 NC 2 H 4 ―O ― C 2 H 4 ―CN (C 2 H 5 ) 2 NC 2 H 4 ―S ― C 2 H 4 ―CN (C 2 H 5 ) 2 N-CH 2 -CHOH-CH 2 OH
Figure 00140003
Figure 00140004
(C 3 H 7 ) 2 NC 2 H 4 - (OC 2 H 4 ) 14 ―N (C 3 H 7 ) 2
Figure 00140005
Figure 00140006
Figure 00140007
Figure 00150001
Figure 00150002
Figure 00150003
Figure 00150004
Figure 00150005
Figure 00150006
Figure 00150007
Figure 00150008
Figure 00150009
Figure 00150010
Figure 00160001
Figure 00160002
(C 4 H 9 ) 2 NC 2 H 4 ―CN HCl (C 4 H 9 ) 2 NC 3 H 6 ―N (CH 2 CN) 2
Figure 00160003
Figure 00160004
Figure 00160005
Figure 00160006
[(C 2 H 5 ) 2 N- (C 2 H 4 O) 2 ―CH 2 CHOHCH 2 ―OCH 2 -] 2 (C 2 H 5 ) 2 N ― CH 2 CHOHCH 2 ―O ― CH 2 CH 2 ―CH 2 CHOHCH 2 -N (C 2 H 5 ) 2 [(C 2 H 5 ) 2 N― (CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 ―CH 2 CHOHCH 2 ―OCH 2 CH 2 -] 2
Figure 00160007
Figure 00170001
Figure 00170002
Figure 00170003
Figure 00170004
Figure 00170005
Figure 00170006
Figure 00170007

Geeignete kontraststeigernde Phosphoniumverbindungen werden beispielsweise durch die allgemeine Formel (P)

Figure 00170008
beschrieben. Darin sind

R1, R2 und R3
jeweils eine Alkyl-, Cycloalkyl-, Aryl-, Alkenyl- oder Cycloalkenylgruppe oder eine heterocyclische Gruppe, wobei diese Gruppen jeweils auch Substituenten haben können,
L
eine an das Phosphoratom über ein Kohlenstoffatom gebundene m-wertige organische Gruppe,
n
1, 2 oder 3,
X
ein n-wertiges Anion, welches auch an L gebunden sein kann.
Suitable contrast-enhancing phosphonium compounds are described, for example, by the general formula (P)
Figure 00170008
described. Are in it
R 1 , R 2 and R 3
each an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl or cycloalkenyl group or a heterocyclic group, where these groups can also each have substituents,
L
an m-valent organic group bonded to the phosphorus atom via a carbon atom,
n
1, 2 or 3,
X
an n-valent anion, which can also be bound to L.

Beispiele geeigneter Phosphoniumverbindungen sind

Figure 00180001
Figure 00180002
Figure 00180003
Figure 00180004
(n-C4H9)4P+   Br-
Figure 00180005
Figure 00180006
Figure 00190001
Figure 00190002
Figure 00190003
Figure 00190004
(n-C4H9)3-P+- (n-C16H33)   Br-
Figure 00190005
Figure 00190006
Figure 00190007
Examples of suitable phosphonium compounds are
Figure 00180001
Figure 00180002
Figure 00180003
Figure 00180004
(nC 4 H 9 ) 4 P + Br -
Figure 00180005
Figure 00180006
Figure 00190001
Figure 00190002
Figure 00190003
Figure 00190004
(nC 4 H 9 ) 3 -P + - (nC 16 H 33 ) Br -
Figure 00190005
Figure 00190006
Figure 00190007

Die lichtempfindlichen Silberhalogenide der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Aufzeichnungsmaterialien bestehen aus Silberchlorid, Silberbromid, Silberchlorobromid, Silberbromoiodid oder Silberchlorobromoiodid, wobei Silberbromid und Silberbromoiodid bevorzugt sind. Sie können monodispers oder polydispers sein, eine einheitliche Zusammensetzung haben, aber auch Körner mit Kern-Schale-Aufbau aufweisen, sowie auch Gemische von Körnern verschiedener Zusammensetzung und Korngrößenverteilung sein. Sie werden unter Verwendung eines hydrophilen kolloidalen Bindemittels, bevorzugt Gelatine, hergestellt. Die Silberhalogenidkörner können sphärische, polyedrische oder tafelförmige Gestalt haben. Methoden zur Herstellung geeigneter lichtempfindlicher Silberhalogenidemulsionen sind dem Fachmann bekannt und beispielsweise in der Research Disclosure 365 044, Kapitel I bis IV (September 1994) zusammengefaßt.The light-sensitive silver halides of the invention recording materials used consist of Silver chloride, silver bromide, silver chlorobromide, Silver bromoiodide or silver chlorobromoiodide, where Silver bromide and silver bromoiodide are preferred. You can be monodisperse or polydisperse, a uniform Have composition, but also grains with core-shell structure have, as well as mixtures of grains of different Composition and grain size distribution. you will be using a hydrophilic colloidal binder, preferably gelatin. The silver halide grains can be spherical, polyhedral or tabular to have. Methods of making suitable photosensitive Silver halide emulsions are known to the person skilled in the art and for example in Research Disclosure 365 044, Chapter I to IV (September 1994).

Bevorzugt für die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Aufzeichnungsmaterialien werden Silberhalogenidemulsionen, die durch kontrollierten Doppelstrahleinlauf hergestellt werden und eine kubische Kornform haben. Vorteilhaft sind Emulsionen, bei denen mindestens 80 Gewichtsprozent des Silberhalogenids in kubischer Form vorliegen. Besonders bevorzugt sind monodisperse Emulsionen, d. h. solche, bei denen der Variationskoeffizient (Quotient aus Standardabweichung und Mittelwert) der Korngröße kleiner als 0,30 ist. Unter Korngröße wird die Kantenlänge eines mit dem wirklichen Korn volumengleichen Würfels verstanden.Preferred for those used according to the invention Recording materials are silver halide emulsions that be produced by controlled double jet inlet and have a cubic grain shape. Emulsions are advantageous in which at least 80 percent by weight of the silver halide are available in cubic form. Are particularly preferred monodisperse emulsions, i.e. H. those where the Coefficient of variation (quotient of standard deviation and Mean) the grain size is less than 0.30. Under Grain size becomes the edge length of one with the real grain volume equal cube understood.

Das Kornvolumen der Silberhalogenidkörner in den Emulsionen richtet sich nach der erforderlichen Empfindlichkeit und kann beispielsweise dem kubischer Körner von 0,1 bis 0,7 µm Kantenlänge entsprechen. Ein bevorzugter Bereich liegt zwischen 0,15 und 0,30 µm. Bei der Emulsionsherstellung können Edelmetallsalze, besonders Salze von Rhodium oder Iridium, zur Steuerung der photographischen Eigenschaften in den üblichen Mengen anwesend sein.The grain volume of the silver halide grains in the emulsions depends on the required sensitivity and can for example the cubic grain from 0.1 to 0.7 µm Edge length. A preferred range is between 0.15 and 0.30 µm. When making emulsions Precious metal salts, especially salts of rhodium or iridium, for Control of photographic properties in the usual Be present in large quantities.

Die Emulsionen werden bevorzugt chemisch sensibilisiert. Geeignete Verfahren sind die Schwefel-, die Reduktions- und die Edelmetallsensibilisierung, die auch in Kombination angewendet werden können. Für letztere können beispielsweise Gold- oder Iridiumverbindungen benutzt werden. Die Sensibilisierung wird bevorzugt in Gegenwart von Salzen organischer Thiosulfonsäuren, wie der p-Toluolthiosulfonsäure, durchgeführt.The emulsions are preferably chemically sensitized. Suitable processes are the sulfur, the reduction and the precious metal sensitization, also in combination can be applied. For the latter, for example Gold or iridium compounds can be used. The Sensitization is preferred in the presence of salts organic thiosulfonic acids, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, carried out.

Die Emulsionen können mit üblichen Sensibilisierungsfarbstoffen spektral sensibilisiert werden, wie beispielsweise in Research Disclosure 365 044, Kapitel V (September 1994), beschrieben. Dabei sind Sensibilisatoren für rotes (Wellenlänge 600 ... 690 nm) und infrarotes (> 690 nm) Licht bevorzugt.The emulsions can be mixed with conventional sensitizing dyes be spectrally sensitized, such as in Research Disclosure 365 044, Chapter V (September 1994), described. There are sensitizers for red (Wavelength 600 ... 690 nm) and infrared (> 690 nm) light prefers.

Die Emulsionen können auch übliche Antischleiermittel enthalten. Bevorzugt sind ggf. substituiertes Benztriazol, 5-Nitroindazol und 1-Phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazol. Diese Mittel können zu jedem Zeitpunkt bei der Emulsionsherstellung zugesetzt werden oder in einer Hilfsschicht des photographischen Materials enthalten sein. Zur Verbesserung der photographischen Eigenschaften kann der Emulsion vor oder nach der chemischen Reifung ein Jodid, vorzugsweise ein Alkalijodid, in einer Menge von etwa 0,5 bis 5 millimol je Mol Silber zugesetzt werden.The emulsions can also be conventional antifoggants contain. Substituted benzotriazole are preferred, 5-nitroindazole and 1-phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole. This means can be used at any time during emulsion production be added or in an auxiliary layer of the photographic material may be included. For improvement the photographic properties can before or the emulsion after chemical ripening an iodide, preferably a Alkali iodide, in an amount of about 0.5 to 5 millimoles per mole Silver can be added.

Die Emulsionen können auch bekannte Polymerdispersionen enthalten, durch die beispielsweise die Dimensionsstabilität des photographischen Materials verbessert wird. Es handelt sich dabei in der Regel um Latices hydrophober Polymere in wäßriger Matrix. Beispiele für geeignete Polymerdispersionen sind in der Research Disclosure 176 043, Kapitel IX B (Dezember 1978) genannt. Bevorzugt werden Polymere von Estern der Acryl- und der Methacrylsäure, besonders bevorzugt von C1-bis C6-Estern. Die Teilchengröße dieser Polymerlatices liegt bevorzugt zwischen 20 und 100 nm.The emulsions can also contain known polymer dispersions which, for example, improve the dimensional stability of the photographic material. These are generally latices of hydrophobic polymers in an aqueous matrix. Examples of suitable polymer dispersions are mentioned in Research Disclosure 176 043, Chapter IX B (December 1978). Polymers of esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid are preferred, particularly preferably of C 1 to C 6 esters. The particle size of these polymer latices is preferably between 20 and 100 nm.

Die Schichten der photographischen Materialien können durch Zusatz eines Härtungsmittels gehärtet sein. Härtungsmittel sind beispielsweise in der Research Disclosure 365 044, Kapitel II B (September 1994) genannt. Dieses Härtemittel kann der Emulsion zugesetzt oder über eine Hilfsschicht beispielsweise eine äußere Schutzschicht, eingebracht werden. Geeignete Härtemittel sind beispielsweise Aldehyde, wie Formaldehyd oder Glutaraldehyd, Vinylsulfone, s-Triazine, Aziridine, Carbodiimide, Carbamoylpyridiniumverbindungen, mono- und bifunktionelle Carbamoylimidazoliumverbindungen. Ein bevorzugtes Härtungsmittel ist Hydroxydichlorotriazin. The layers of the photographic materials can be through Addition of a hardening agent to be hardened. Hardening agent are, for example, in Research Disclosure 365 044, Chapter II B (September 1994). This hardener can added to the emulsion or via an auxiliary layer for example, an outer protective layer. Suitable hardeners are, for example, aldehydes, such as Formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde, vinyl sulfones, s-triazines, Aziridines, carbodiimides, carbamoylpyridinium compounds, mono- and bifunctional carbamoylimidazolium compounds. On preferred curing agent is hydroxydichlorotriazine.

Das photographische Material kann weitere Zusätze, die für die Erzeugung bestimmter Eigenschaften bekannt und üblich sind, enthalten. Solche Mittel sind zum Beispiel in der Research Disclosure 365 044 (September 1994) in den Kapiteln VI (Aufheller), IX A (Beschichtungshilfsmittel), IX B (Weichmacher und Gleitmittel) und IX D (Mattierungsmittel) aufgeführt.The photographic material can be further additives for the Generation of certain properties are known and common, contain. Such funds are, for example, in research Disclosure 365 044 (September 1994) in Chapter VI (Brightener), IX A (coating aid), IX B (Plasticizers and lubricants) and IX D (matting agents) listed.

Der Gelatinegehalt der Emulsionen liegt im allgemeinen zwischen 30 und 150 g je mol Silber; bevorzugt wird der Bereich zwischen 40 und 100 g je mol Silber.The gelatin content of the emulsions is in general between 30 and 150 g per mole of silver; the is preferred Range between 40 and 100 g per mol of silver.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Silberhalogenidmaterialien können zur Herstellung von schwarz-weißen Negativbildern mit ultrasteilem Kontrast verwendet werden. Hierzu können sie mit einer geeigneten Lichtquelle bildmäßig belichtet werden. Dies kann sowohl vollflächig durch eine Kopiervorlage beispielsweise mit einer Glühlampe oder einer Entladungslampe, ggf. mittels eines Farbfilters, oder auch durch Abtasten mit einem intensitätsmodulierten Lichtstrahl, beispielsweise aus einem Gas-, Feststoff- oder Halbleiterlaser geschehen. Ein bevorzugtes Verfahren wendet einen HeNe-Laser oder einen Halbleiterlaser mit Emission im roten Spektralbereich an.The silver halide materials according to the invention can be used for Production of black and white negative images with ultra-fine Contrast can be used. You can do this with a suitable light source are exposed imagewise. This can both over the entire surface with a copy template, for example an incandescent lamp or a discharge lamp, possibly by means of a Color filter, or by scanning with a intensity-modulated light beam, for example from a Gas, solid or semiconductor lasers happen. On preferred method uses a HeNe laser or a Semiconductor laser with emission in the red spectral range.

Die Verarbeitung des belichteten Materials zur Erzeugung des Bildes umfaßt bevorzugt die Behandlung mit einem wäßrigen Entwicklungsbad, mit einem wäßrigen Fixierbad, die Wässerung und die Trocknung.Processing the exposed material to produce the Image preferably involves treatment with an aqueous Development bath, with an aqueous fixing bath, the washing and drying.

Die Verarbeitung wird bevorzugt als Schnellverfahren mit einer Entwicklungszeit von höchstens 30 s und entsprechend angepaßter Entwicklertemperatur, beispielsweise 32 °C und darüber, ausgeführt. Um eine hohe Entwicklungsgeschwindigkeit zu erreichen und durch geringe Regenerierungsrate die Menge der Abfallösung gering zu halten, verwendet man bevorzugt Entwicklerlösungen mit einem hohen Gehalt an Entwicklersubstanz, beispielsweise mehr als 25 g je Liter. Processing is preferred as a quick process with a Development time of at most 30 s and accordingly adapted developer temperature, for example 32 ° C and about it, executed. To a high development speed to achieve and through low regeneration rate the amount to keep the waste solution low is preferred Developer solutions with a high content of Developer substance, for example more than 25 g per liter.

Die Entwicklerlösungen enthalten bevorzugt eine Dihydroxybenzol-Entwicklersubstanz, beispielsweise Hydrochinon, Brenzkatechin, Methylhydrochinon oder Chlorhydrochinon, und ein Oxydationsschutzmittel, bevorzugt ein Alkalisulfit in einer Konzentration von mehr als 0,3 mol je Liter. Bevorzugt werden Lösungen mit pH-Werten von 9 bis höchstens 11, besonders bevorzugt von 10 bis 10,5, verwendet. Solche Entwicklerlösungen sind auch im Gebrauch gut haltbar. Ebenfalls verwendbar sind Entwicklerlösungen mit einer Entwicklersubstanz vom Ascorbinsäuretyp, beispielsweise L-Ascorbinsäure, D-Ascorbinsäure, L-Erythroascorbinsäure, 6-Desoxy-L-ascorbinsäure, Imino-L-erythroascorbinsäure oder Zuckerderivate dieser Säuren. Geeignet sind auch Entwicklerlösungen, die sowohl Entwicklersubstanzen vom Dihydroxybenzol-Typ als auch solche vom Ascorbinsäuretyp enthalten.The developer solutions preferably contain one Dihydroxybenzene developer, for example Hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, methylhydroquinone or Chlorohydroquinone, and an antioxidant, are preferred an alkali sulfite in a concentration of more than 0.3 mol per liter. Solutions with pH values from 9 to are preferred at most 11, particularly preferably from 10 to 10.5, used. Such developer solutions are also durable when in use. Developer solutions with a can also be used Ascorbic acid type developer, for example L-ascorbic acid, D-ascorbic acid, L-erythroascorbic acid, 6-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid, imino-L-erythroascorbic acid or Sugar derivatives of these acids. Are also suitable Developer solutions that both developer substances from Dihydroxybenzene type as well as those of the ascorbic acid type contain.

Bevorzugt enthalten die Entwicklerlösungen bekannte superadditiv wirkende Hilfsentwicklersubstanzen, beispielsweise N-Methyl-p-aminophenol oder 1-Phenylpyrazolidinon-3 oder Derivate dieser Verbindungen.The developer solutions preferably contain known solutions super-additive auxiliary developer substances, for example N-methyl-p-aminophenol or 1-phenylpyrazolidinone-3 or derivatives of these compounds.

Ebenfalls bevorzugt sind Entwickler, die Antischleiermittel aus der Gruppe der Benztriazole enthalten. Solche Antischleiermittel sind beispielsweise Benztriazol, 5-Chlorbenztriazol, 5-Brombenztriazol, 5-Methylbenztriazol, 5-Nitrobenztriazol, 5-Benzoylaminobenztriazol, 1-Hydroxymethylbenztriazol, 6-Cyanobenztriazol.Also preferred are developers, the antifoggants contained from the group of benzotriazoles. Such Antifoggants are, for example, benzotriazole, 5-chlorobenzotriazole, 5-bromobenzotriazole, 5-methylbenztriazole, 5-nitrobenztriazole, 5-benzoylaminobenztriazole, 1-hydroxymethylbenztriazole, 6-cyanobenztriazole.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Aufzeichnungsmaterialien zeichnen sich durch geringe Schleierwerte und eine ausgezeichnete Lagerstabilität aus. Dies betrifft vor allem einen geringen Rußschleier. Andererseits zeigen die erfindungsgemäßen Materialien auch eine hohe Gradation im Fuß- und im Mittenbereich. Durch den geringen Schleier und die hohe Fußgradation kann der Belichtungsspielraums voll ausgenutzt und ein optimaler Rasterumfang erzielt werden, da die Empfindlichkeit gegen Streulicht vermindert ist. The recording materials according to the invention stand out due to low fog values and excellent Storage stability. Above all, this concerns a minor one Soot veil. On the other hand, the inventive Materials also have a high gradation in the foot and Middle area. Due to the low veil and the high Foot gradation can take full advantage of the exposure latitude and an optimal grid size can be achieved because the Stray light sensitivity is reduced.

Die Erfindung kann zur Erzeugung von schwarz-weißen Negativbildern mit ultrasteilem Kontrast, insbesondere bei der Reproduktion in der Druckvorstufe für den Schwarz-Weiß- und Mehrfarbdruck, angewendet werden.The invention can be used to produce black and white Negative images with ultra-partial contrast, especially in the Reproduction in prepress for the black and white and Multi-color printing.

Im folgenden Ausführungsbeispiel beziehen sich die Mengen der Emulsionszusätze, wenn nicht anders vermerkt, jeweils auf 1 mol Silberhalogenid.In the following embodiment, the amounts of Unless otherwise noted, emulsion additives each 1 mol of silver halide.

Durch pAg-gesteuerte Doppelstrahlfällung wird eine kubische Silberbromoiodidemulsion mit Körnern der Kantenlänge 0.18 µm hergestellt. Der Jodidgehalt beträgt 2 Mol-% bezogen auf Silber. Diese Emulsion wird geflockt, gewaschen und mit 10-5 mol Hexachloroplatinsäure, 8 mg Kaliumthiotosylat, 6 mg Benzolsulfinsäure, 0,4 millimol Thiosulfat sowie 0,1 millimol Tetrachlorogoldsäure chemisch gereift. Am Ende der chemischen Reifung werden noch 400 mg Natriumsulfit sowie 5 millimol Kaliumiodid, 300 mg 7-Hydroxy-1-methyltriazaindolin, 200 mg 5-Nitroindazol, 0,15 millimol 1-Pyridiniumacetyl-2-(4-benzyloxyphenyl)-hydrazinbromid (Verbindung H-9) sowie 600 mg 4,4'-Trimethylen-bis-piperidinopropionitril (Verbindung A-4), ein Rotsensibilisator (KF 641, Hersteller Riedel-de Haën), Natriumtetradecylsulfonat als Beschichtungshilfsmittel, und jeweils Teilen der so erhaltenen Emulsion Polyvinylpyrrolidinon MW 30 000 (PVP) in verschiedenen Mengen nach Tabelle 1 zugesetzt.
Durch Auftragen der Emulsionen zusammen mit zwei Gelatineschutzschichten (zusammen 0,9 g Gelatine je m2) auf eine auf der Rückseite mit Antistatik- und Anticurlschicht versehene Polyethylenterephthalatunterlage wurden rotempfindliche Scannerfilme hergestellt. Der Silberauftrag betrug 3,5 g pro m2. Die Schutzschichten enthielten auch noch Hydrochinon, Polyethylenoxid 20000, 500 mg/m2 kolloidale Kieselsäure sowie ein Polyolefinoxidat gemäß DE 43 11 888. Die Schichten wurden mit 1 millimol Hydroxydichlorotriazin, Natriumsalz, und 0,1 millimol Bis-Dimethylcarbamoylimidazoliumchlorid, jeweils pro Gramm Gelatine, gehärtet. A cubic silver bromoiodide emulsion with grains with an edge length of 0.18 µm is produced by pAg-controlled double jet precipitation. The iodide content is 2 mol% based on silver. This emulsion is flocculated, washed and chemically ripened with 10 -5 mol hexachloroplatinic acid, 8 mg potassium thiotosylate, 6 mg benzenesulfinic acid, 0.4 millimole thiosulfate and 0.1 millimole tetrachloroauric acid. At the end of chemical ripening, 400 mg of sodium sulfite and 5 millimoles of potassium iodide, 300 mg of 7-hydroxy-1-methyltriazaindoline, 200 mg of 5-nitroindazole, 0.15 millimoles of 1-pyridiniumacetyl-2- (4-benzyloxyphenyl) hydrazine bromide (compound H-9) and 600 mg of 4,4'-trimethylene-bis-piperidinopropionitrile (compound A-4), a red sensitizer (KF 641, manufacturer Riedel-de Haën), sodium tetradecyl sulfonate as coating aid, and in each case parts of the polyvinylpyrrolidinone MW emulsion thus obtained 30,000 (PVP) added in various amounts according to Table 1.
Red-sensitive scanner films were produced by applying the emulsions together with two gelatin protective layers (together 0.9 g gelatin per m 2 ) to a polyethylene terephthalate base provided on the back with an antistatic and anticurl layer. The silver coating was 3.5 g per m 2 . The protective layers also contained hydroquinone, polyethylene oxide 20000, 500 mg / m 2 colloidal silica and a polyolefin oxidate according to DE 43 11 888. The layers were coated with 1 millimole of hydroxydichlorotriazine, sodium salt, and 0.1 millimole of bis-dimethylcarbamoylimidazolium chloride, each per gram of gelatin, hardened.

Proben der Filme wurden dann mit einen Blitzlicht (10-3 s) durch ein Rotfilter und einen Dichteverlaufskeil belichtet und in einem Entwickler der unten angegebenen Zusammensetzung in einer automatischen Entwicklungsmaschine (DuPont ECP 55) mit 30 s Entwicklungszeit bei 35 °C verarbeitet. Es wurde ein handelsübliches Fixierbad verwendet. An den verarbeiteten Proben wurden Fußgradation G1 zwischen den Dichtewerten 0,1 und 0,4, Gradation G2 zwischen den Dichten 0,4 und 3,5, Schleier Dmin, Maximaldichte Dmax und Empfindlichkeit S in relativen arithmetischen Einheiten sowohl 3 Tage als auch 3 Monate nach der Herstellung bestimmt. Die Proben wurden bei 22 °C und 55 % relativer Feuchtigkeit gelagert.Samples of the films were then exposed to a flash (10 -3 s) through a red filter and a density wedge and processed in a developer of the composition given below in an automatic processor (DuPont ECP 55) with a development time of 30 s at 35 ° C. A commercially available fixing bath was used. On the processed samples, foot gradation G1 between density values 0.1 and 0.4, gradation G2 between densities 0.4 and 3.5, fog Dmin, maximum density Dmax and sensitivity S in relative arithmetic units were both 3 days and 3 months determined after manufacture. The samples were stored at 22 ° C and 55% relative humidity.

Durch Aufbelichten von Rasterpunkten mit einer handelsüblichen Abtastbelichtungsvorrichtung (Linotronic 300 der Firma Hell) und Entwicklung wie oben wurden Rasterelemente zur Beurteilung der Konturenschärfe der Bildpunkte erzeugt. Diese wurden visuell mit Hilfe einer 80-fachen Lupe beurteilt. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 1 zusammengefaßt. In Klammern stehen dort die Meßergebnisse nach 3 Monaten Lagerung des Materials. Entwicklerzusammensetzung: Wasser 500 g Natriumbisulfit 50 g KOH 27 g EDTA Trinatriumsalz 3,7 g Hydrochinon 25 g Kaliumbromid 4 g Benzotriazol 0,3 g Phenylmercaptotetrazol 0,05 g 4-Hydroxymethyl-4-Methyl-1-Phenylpyrazolidinon 1 g Borsäure 3 g Natriumhydroxid 24 g Diethylenglycol 40 g By exposing halftone dots with a commercially available scanning exposure device (Linotronic 300 from Hell) and developing as above, halftone elements were produced to assess the sharpness of the contours of the pixels. These were assessed visually using an 80x magnifying glass. The results are summarized in Table 1. The measurement results after 3 months of storage of the material are in brackets. Developer composition: water 500 g Sodium bisulfite 50 g KOH 27 g EDTA trisodium salt 3.7 g Hydroquinone 25 g Potassium bromide 4 g Benzotriazole 0.3 g Phenyl mercaptotetrazole 0.05 g 4-hydroxymethyl-4-methyl-1-phenylpyrazolidinone 1 g Boric acid 3 g Sodium hydroxide 24 g Diethylene glycol 40 g

Wasser auf 1 Liter, pH auf 10,5 bei 22 °C einstellen. Probe PVP (mg) Dmin Dmax S G1 G2 Konturschärfe E/V 1 0 0,12 5,8 140% 1,8 10,2 -- V (1,95) (n.a.) (n.a.) (n.a.) (n.a.) (n.a.) 2 150 0,07 5,8 125% 3,0 11,1 - V (0,19) (5,8) (134%) (1,6) (9,0) (--) 3 250 0,05 5,8 100% 5,6 13,5 ++ E (0,05) (5,8) (96%) (5,0) (13,0) (++) 4 400 0,05 5,8 94% 6,3 13,1 ++ E (0,05) (5,8) (90%) (6,0) (13,0) (++) 5 900 0,05 5,8 82% 5,9 13,0 ++ E (0,05) (5,8) (77%) (5,0) (12,0) (++) 6 1500 0,05 5,8 60% 4,5 12,0 ++ E (0,05) (5,8) (58%) (4,2) (11,0) (++) 7 2500 0,05 5,5 46% 3,5 11,0 + E (0,05) (5,5) (46%) (3,0) (11,0) (+) 8 3500 0,05 5,0 35% 2,2 9,0 - V (0,05) (4,7) (33%) (1,9) (8,0) (-) In der Tabelle 1 bedeuten E erfindungsgemäßes Material, V Vergleichsmaterial, n.a. nicht auswertbar wegen hohen Schleiers, -- bzw. - unbrauchbare, d. h. sehr schlechte bzw. schlechte Konturenschärfe, ++ bzw. + brauchbare, d. h. sehr gute bzw. gute Konturenschärfe. Adjust water to 1 liter, pH to 10.5 at 22 ° C. sample PVP (mg) Dmin Dmax S G1 G2 Contour sharpness E / V 1 0 0.12 5.8 140% 1.8 10.2 - V (1.95) (n / A) (n / A) (n / A) (n / A) (n / A) 2 150 0.07 5.8 125% 3.0 11.1 - V (0.19) (5.8) (134%) (1.6) (9.0) (-) 3rd 250 0.05 5.8 100% 5.6 13.5 ++ E (0.05) (5.8) (96%) (5.0) (13.0) (++) 4th 400 0.05 5.8 94% 6.3 13.1 ++ E (0.05) (5.8) (90%) (6.0) (13.0) (++) 5 900 0.05 5.8 82% 5.9 13.0 ++ E (0.05) (5.8) (77%) (5.0) (12.0) (++) 6 1500 0.05 5.8 60% 4.5 12.0 ++ E (0.05) (5.8) (58%) (4.2) (11.0) (++) 7 2500 0.05 5.5 46% 3.5 11.0 + E (0.05) (5.5) (46%) (3.0) (11.0) (+) 8th 3500 0.05 5.0 35% 2.2 9.0 - V (0.05) (4.7) (33%) (1.9) (8.0) (-) In Table 1 mean E material according to the invention, V comparison material, not evaluable because of high veil, - or - unusable, ie very bad or bad contour sharpness, ++ or + usable, ie very good or good contour sharpness.

Claims (10)

  1. Photographic silver halide material comprising at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on a substrate, the silver halide emulsion layer or a layer in a reactive relationship therewith containing a hydrazine compound and a contrast-boosting amino compound and/or phosphonium compound, characterized in that it contains in the silver halide emulsion layer or in a layer in a reactive relationship therewith additionally a vinyl polymer of which at least 80 per cent by weight consists of N-vinyllactam groups, in a quantity of 250 to 2500 mg per mole of silver halide in the silver halide material.
  2. Material according to Claim 1, characterized in that the polyvinyllactam is present in the silver halide material in a quantity of 250 to 1000 mg preferably 400 to 1000 mg per mole of silver halide.
  3. Material according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the polyvinyllactam is a polyvinylpyrrolidinone, preferably having a molar mass of 6000 to 100,000.
  4. Material according to any one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that the hydrazine compound has the general formula B-phenyl-NHNH-L-G where B is a ballest group, G is an activating group, -phenyl- an optionally substituted phenylene radical and L is CO or CO-CO.
  5. Material according to any one of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that the contrast-boosting amino compound is of the general formula (A)
    Figure 00320001
    wherein each of the substituents R1, R2 and R3 may be a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a substituted alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a substituted alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a substituted aryl group, the substituents may be linked to form one or two rings, but the three are not all simultaneously hydrogen.
  6. Material according to any one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that the contrast-boosting amino compound is of the general formulae RR1N-X-(CN)n NC-X-NR2-B-NR2-X-CN RR1N-X-N (CH2CN)2 wherein
    R and R1
    which may be the same or different, each represent an optionally substituted alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an optionally substituted benzyl group, or R and R1 together with the nitrogen atom and optionally a further oxygen or nitrogen atom, represent a five- to twelve-membered heterocyclic ring, or R or R1 with their free end bound to the linking group X represent a ring which includes the nitrogen atom of the tertiary amino group,
    R2
    represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group or an aryl group, these groups may be further substituted, an alkyl group may also be bound by its end remote from the nitrogen to a carbon atom of group B to form a ring, or the two radicals R2 may also form, together with B or with parts of B and with the two nitrogen atoms, one or two saturated rings.
    X
    represents a divalent or trivalent linking group,
    B
    represents a divalent linking group,
    n
    is 1 or 2.
  7. Material according to any one of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that the phosphonium compound has the formula (P)
    Figure 00330001
    wherein
    R1, R2 and R3 each represent an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkenyl or cycloalkenyl group or a heterocyclic group, where these groups may each also have a substituent,
    L
    represents an m-valent organic group bound to the phosphorus atom via a carbon atom,
    n
    represents 1, 2 or 3,
    X
    represents an n-valent anion which may also be bound to L.
  8. Material according to any one of Claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that the silver halide emulsion is a silver bromide or silver iodobromide emulsion.
  9. Material according to any one of Claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that the silver halide emulsion is sensitised to red and/or infrared light.
  10. Use of a material according to any one of Claims 1 to 9 for producing black and white negatives with ultrahard-gradation contrast.
EP97923000A 1996-05-07 1997-05-07 Silver-halide recording material to produce negatives with reduced fog and ultrahard-gradation Expired - Lifetime EP0953164B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19618194A DE19618194A1 (en) 1996-05-07 1996-05-07 Silver halide recording material for producing negative images of ultra-contrast contrasts with reduced fog
DE19618194 1996-05-07
PCT/EP1997/002334 WO1997042545A1 (en) 1996-05-07 1997-05-07 Silver-halide recording material to produce negatives with reduced fog and ultrahard-gradation

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EP0953164B1 true EP0953164B1 (en) 2001-08-16

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JPH07119967B2 (en) * 1985-01-22 1995-12-20 富士写真フイルム株式会社 High contrast negative image forming method and silver halide photographic light-sensitive material
EP0306246A3 (en) * 1987-08-31 1990-03-07 Konica Corporation Silver halide photographic material
US4975354A (en) * 1988-10-11 1990-12-04 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic element comprising an ethyleneoxy-substituted amino compound and process adapted to provide high constrast development
JPH0659378A (en) * 1992-08-10 1994-03-04 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Direct positive silver halide emulsion and color diffusion transfer photosensitive material using same

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EP0953164A1 (en) 1999-11-03

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