EP0951632A1 - Hanging system to be used in burning kiln for producing ceramic components - Google Patents

Hanging system to be used in burning kiln for producing ceramic components

Info

Publication number
EP0951632A1
EP0951632A1 EP97952736A EP97952736A EP0951632A1 EP 0951632 A1 EP0951632 A1 EP 0951632A1 EP 97952736 A EP97952736 A EP 97952736A EP 97952736 A EP97952736 A EP 97952736A EP 0951632 A1 EP0951632 A1 EP 0951632A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hanging
silicon carbide
hanging device
kiln
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97952736A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0951632B1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Sonntag
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Morgan Crucible Co PLC
Original Assignee
Haldenwanger W KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Haldenwanger W KG filed Critical Haldenwanger W KG
Publication of EP0951632A1 publication Critical patent/EP0951632A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0951632B1 publication Critical patent/EP0951632B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F27D5/0056—Hangers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hanging device for use in kilns for the production of ceramic components.
  • Ceramic blanks in particular large-format components, such as roll blanks, are to be fired after drying. During the firing process, the ceramic components and especially the roller blanks can be hung up in the kiln.
  • Ceramic components, and in particular furnace rollers made of ceramic material, are hung for firing in appropriately designed furnace chambers.
  • Fireproof retaining walls are usually used for this purpose, on which cross struts are placed on top.
  • these retaining walls are built into the kiln either from silicon carbide stones (nitride or silicate bonded) or from A1 2 0 3 stones (corundum).
  • the dimensions of the furnace chambers intended for firing must be adapted to the ceramic components to be fired in order to ensure that the furnace is filled economically.
  • roll lengths of up to 5 m must be taken into account.
  • the maximum size of the combustion chamber is currently being designed on the basis of the maximum required firing temperature and it is taken into account that an even temperature distribution is achieved in the kiln in order to ensure a very high quality of the fired components (furnace rollers). This means that the higher the maximum required firing temperature, the lower the maximum firing volume in the furnace chamber must be.
  • Conventional combustion chambers equipped with retaining walls therefore allow stocking between 1,000 and 3,000 pieces for firing ceramic oven rolls.
  • the hanging device designed according to the invention consists of at least two elements which are made of silicon carbide and which are positively connected to one another in such a way that the hanging element which can be fastened to the ceiling of the kiln and a supporting beam fastened to it, enabling relative movements of the two elements to one another, are used .
  • temperature differences occurring with the heating during the heating phase and cooling after completion of the firing process are to be absorbed with the associated thermal expansions.
  • At least two hanging elements are advantageously fastened to the ceiling of the kiln and the fastening takes place in such a way that these hanging elements are partially guided through the top of the kiln and locked there above the ceiling.
  • the supporting beam to be used according to the invention then has openings, through which the hanging elements are guided, and the part of the hanging elements remaining below the supporting beam has a widening which is greater than the free cross section of the openings, depending on the number of hanging elements used.
  • the openings and the expansions mentioned can advantageously be designed conically in relation to one another in order to achieve a uniform application of force while avoiding lateral and transverse forces.
  • the supporting beams are located directly below the furnace ceiling and it can be hung thereon with further auxiliary structures for hanging the blanks to be burned.
  • a thermally and mechanically heavy-duty hanging device is made available which can withstand the cyclical firing conditions over a long period of time. This is also the case with the very high temperatures in the kiln, the relatively large thermal expansion of the refractory lining, the heat transfer and the temperature gradients, which have to be taken into account especially in the anchoring area of the kiln ceiling.
  • the hanging device designed according to the invention brings with it is the possibility that the blanks to be burned, and in particular the furnace rolls to be burned, can be attached very closely and immediately below the furnace ceiling, so that they are easily accessible for suspension and removal is made possible and the space available in the kiln can also be used optimally.
  • the hanging device according to the invention has the advantage that, although the load acting on the support beam occurs as a pure tensile load, which should actually be avoided in a ceramic construction, since ceramics have a tensile strength which is 10 to 100 times lower than that of the compressive strength, can still be used.
  • the solution according to the invention also avoids increased bending, tensile and / or torsional stresses, in particular due to the design of the positive connection between the hanging element and the support beam, which can lead to local stress increases and accordingly to fractures of the various components at these locations.
  • the formation preferably formed at the lower end of the hanging elements is hemispherical, at least in the region which serves as a support for the supporting beam in direct contact.
  • the radii used can be optimized for the spherical shape. Accordingly, the lower area of the openings in the supporting beam, which is supported on the expansion of the hanging elements, is also at least partially hemispherical as a corresponding pan, so that depending on the radius ratio, the hanging element and supporting beam transmit the force over an annular area.
  • a radius ratio greater than 0.5 should preferably be maintained.
  • the particularly inexpensive to use ball pan The arrangement of the hanging elements and the supporting beams allows a movable arrangement between these two elements, so that thermal expansion can be easily compensated for and an even distribution of stress remains ensured.
  • Other movements which are caused, for example, by the currents in the kiln or which inevitably occur when the blanks are suspended and suspended, can also be largely absorbed by the overall relatively movable construction.
  • Suitable materials for the suspension elements and supporting beams to be used according to the invention are recrystallized silicon carbide (R-SiC), silicon-infiltrated silicon carbide (SiSiC), nitride-bonded silicon carbide (N-SiC), sintered silicon carbide (S-SiC) or various mixtures of the silicon carbides mentioned.
  • Figure 1 an illustration of an example of a hanging device according to the invention
  • Figure 2 an enlarged view of the positive connection with a ball and socket arrangement on a hanging element and a support beam.
  • a so-called ceiling conveyor furnace preferably very close to the furnace ceiling. It is suitable for this a corresponding support structure for receiving the vertically suspended furnace rollers, in which support beams 2 which are aligned parallel to one another are held by means of hanging elements 1.
  • Each support beam 2 should be held with at least two hanging elements 1, preferably three hanging elements 1.
  • the hanging elements 1 are guided through the furnace ceiling and anchored there above.
  • a groove 5 can be formed in the hanging element 1, into which a correspondingly designed locking device can engage, which is then supported above the furnace ceiling and takes up the load.
  • Widening 4 is formed on which the support beam 2 can be supported.
  • the support beam 2 has, depending on the number of suspension elements 1 used, at regular intervals from one another or in a symmetrical arrangement of openings 3 through which the respective suspension element 1 can be guided until the support beam 2 is supported on the widening 4 of the suspension element 1.
  • the lower part of the opening 3 of the support beam 2 is at least partially hemispherical and the corresponding part of the widening 4 of the hanging element 1 is adapted to this shape, so that both parts form a ball and socket arrangement in this area.
  • the upper part of the support beam 2 forms the support belt 6 for the firing material.
  • an enlarged illustration Position shows the example with the ball and socket arrangement to be used according to the invention more clearly.
  • the support beam 2 does not lie directly on the processing 4 of the hanging element 1 in this illustration.
  • a spherical radius of the pan R p . ⁇ in the support beam 2 of 67 mm and the ball radius R K. H selected on the expansion 4 of the hanging element 1 of 65 mm, which is a radius ratio of R P. T : R K _ H 0.97.
  • the resulting theoretical power transmission line 7 is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the illustration in FIG. 2 shows in particular that the geometries to be used according to the invention ensure a uniform application of force with a corresponding stress distribution and thereby ensure that the thermally very stable silicon carbides can be used, although their tensile strength is limited.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hanging system to be used in burning kilns for producing ceramic components. Said system comprises at least one silicon carbide hanging element which can be fixed to the ceiling of the burning kiln and a silicon carbide supporting beam (2). Said hanging element enables relative movements of both elements which are connected to each other in positive fit.

Description

Hängevorrichtung für den Einsatz in Brennöfen zur Herstellung keramischer Bauteile Hanging device for use in kilns for the production of ceramic components
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hängevorrichtung für den Einsatz in Brennöfen zur Herstellung keramischer Bauteile. Dabei sollen keramische Rohlinge, insbesondere großformatiger Bauteile, wie Rollenrohlinge, nach der Trocknung gebrannt werden. Während des Brennvorganges können dabei die keramischen Bauteile und insbesonde- re die Rollenrohlinge im Brennofen aufgehängt werden.The invention relates to a hanging device for use in kilns for the production of ceramic components. Ceramic blanks, in particular large-format components, such as roll blanks, are to be fired after drying. During the firing process, the ceramic components and especially the roller blanks can be hung up in the kiln.
Keramische Bauteile und dabei insbesondere Ofenrollen aus keramischen Material werden zum Brennen in entsprechend ausgebildeten Ofenkammern aufgehängt. Hier- für werden üblicherweise feuerfeste Stützmauern verwendet, auf denen Querverstrebungen oben aufgelegt werden.Ceramic components, and in particular furnace rollers made of ceramic material, are hung for firing in appropriately designed furnace chambers. Fireproof retaining walls are usually used for this purpose, on which cross struts are placed on top.
Die thermischen Belastungen berücksichtigend, werden diese Stützmauern entweder aus Siliciumcarbidsteinen (nitridisch oder silicatisch gebunden) oder aus A1203- Steinen (Korund) in die Brennöfen hineingebaut.Taking the thermal loads into account, these retaining walls are built into the kiln either from silicon carbide stones (nitride or silicate bonded) or from A1 2 0 3 stones (corundum).
Dabei müssen die für das Brennen vorgesehenen Ofen- kammern in ihren Abmessungen auf die zu brennenden keramischen Bauteile angepaßt werden, um eine wirtschaftliche Befüllung des Brennofens zu gewährleisten. Für keramische Rollenrohlinge sind dabei Rollenlängen von bis zu 5 m zu berücksichtigen. Dabei werden gegenwärtig die maximale Größe der Brennkammer, ausgehend von der maximal erforderlichen Brenntemperatur ausgelegt und dabei wird berücksichtigt, daß eine gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung im Brennofen erreicht wird, um eine sehr hohe Qualität der gebrannten Bauteile (Ofenrollen) zu sichern. Das bedeutet, daß je größer die maximal erforderliche Brenntemperatur wird, das maximale Brennvolumen in der Ofenkammer entsprechend kleiner werden muß. Biε- her übliche, mit Stützmauern ausgestattete Brennkammern, erlauben daher für das Brennen keramischer Ofenrollen einen Besatz zwischen 1.000 und 3.000 Stück.The dimensions of the furnace chambers intended for firing must be adapted to the ceramic components to be fired in order to ensure that the furnace is filled economically. For ceramic roll blanks, roll lengths of up to 5 m must be taken into account. The maximum size of the combustion chamber is currently being designed on the basis of the maximum required firing temperature and it is taken into account that an even temperature distribution is achieved in the kiln in order to ensure a very high quality of the fired components (furnace rollers). This means that the higher the maximum required firing temperature, the lower the maximum firing volume in the furnace chamber must be. Conventional combustion chambers equipped with retaining walls therefore allow stocking between 1,000 and 3,000 pieces for firing ceramic oven rolls.
Bei den erforderlichen sehr hohen Brenntemperaturen und dem zyklischen Ofenbetrieb, mit den dabei auftretenden Temperaturdifferenzen, unterliegen die bisher üblicherweise verwendeten Stützmauern einer außerordentlich harten thermomechanisehen Belastung und Ver- schleißen dadurch, was eine ständige Wartung und Erneuerung zur Folge hat.With the required very high firing temperatures and the cyclical furnace operation, with the temperature differences that occur, the retaining walls that have been used up to now are subject to extraordinarily hard thermo-mechanical stress and wear, which results in constant maintenance and renewal.
Ein weiterer Nachteil, den die bisher verwendeten Stützmauern mit sich bringen, ist der, daß der in den Ofenkammern zur Verfügung stehende Raum entsprechend eingeschränkt und demzufolge auch die Kapazität und Produktivität des zu verwendenden Brennofens verringert wird. Darüberhinaus wird die Energiebilanz des Brennofens ebenfalls negativ beeinflußt, da beim Auf- heizen auch das Material für die Stützmauerkonstruktion erwärmt werden muß.Another disadvantage that the retaining walls used hitherto entail is that the space available in the furnace chambers is correspondingly restricted and consequently the capacity and productivity of the kiln to be used is reduced. In addition, the energy balance of the kiln is also negatively affected, since the material for the retaining wall construction must also be heated when it is heated.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Hängevorrichtung für den Einsatz in Brennöfen zur Herstellung keramischer Bauteile vorzugeben, die gegenüber ther- momechanischer Belastung und unter dem Einfluß hoher Temperaturgradienten hochgradig widerstandsfähig ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a hanging device for use in furnaces for the production of ceramic components, which is compared to mechanical stress and under the influence of high temperature gradients is highly resistant.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungsformen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich mit der Verwendung der in den untergeordneten Ansprüchen genannten Merkmale.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention result from the use of the features mentioned in the subordinate claims.
Die erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Hängevorrichtung besteht dabei aus mindestens zwei Elementen, die aus Siliciumcarbid bestehen und die formschlüssig so miteinander verbunden sind, daß das an der Decke des Brennofens befestigbare Hängeelement und ein an die- sem befestigter Tragbalken, Relativbewegungen der beiden Elemente zueinander ermöglichend, verwendet werden. Dabei sollen in erster Linie bei der Erwärmung während der Aufheizphase und Abkühlung nach Abschluß des Brennvorganges auftretende Temperaturdif- ferenzen mit den damit verbundenen Wärmeausdehnungen dadurch abgefangen werden.The hanging device designed according to the invention consists of at least two elements which are made of silicon carbide and which are positively connected to one another in such a way that the hanging element which can be fastened to the ceiling of the kiln and a supporting beam fastened to it, enabling relative movements of the two elements to one another, are used . In the first place, temperature differences occurring with the heating during the heating phase and cooling after completion of the firing process are to be absorbed with the associated thermal expansions.
Vorteilhaft werden dabei mindestens zwei Hängeelemente an der Decke des Brennofens befestigt und die Be- festigung erfolgt in der Form, daß diese Hängeelemente teilweise durch die Decke des Brennofens geführt und dort oberhalb der Decke arretiert werden.In this case, at least two hanging elements are advantageously fastened to the ceiling of the kiln and the fastening takes place in such a way that these hanging elements are partially guided through the top of the kiln and locked there above the ceiling.
Der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendende Tragbalken weist dann entsprechend der Anzahl der verwendeten Hängeelemente Durchbrechungen auf, durch die die Hängeelemente geführt sind und dabei der unterhalb des Tragbalkens verbleibende Teil der Hängeelemente eine Aufweitung aufweist, die größer ist als der freie Quer- schnitt der Durchbrechungen. Vorteilhaft können dann die Durchbrechungen und die genannten Aufweitungen entsprechend zueinander konisch ausgebildet sein, um einen gleichmäßigen Kraftangriff unter Vermeidung von Seiten- und Quer- kräften zu erreichen.The supporting beam to be used according to the invention then has openings, through which the hanging elements are guided, and the part of the hanging elements remaining below the supporting beam has a widening which is greater than the free cross section of the openings, depending on the number of hanging elements used. In this case, the openings and the expansions mentioned can advantageously be designed conically in relation to one another in order to achieve a uniform application of force while avoiding lateral and transverse forces.
Besonders vorteilhaft hat es sich erwiesen, die Auf- weitungen und die Durchbrechungen als Kugel-Pfanne- Anordnung auszubilden.It has proven to be particularly advantageous to design the widenings and the openings as a ball-socket arrangement.
Die Tragbalken befinden sich mit der erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Hängevorrichtung unmittelbar unterhalb der Ofendecke und es können an diesen mit weiteren Hilfskonstruktionen zum Aufhängen, die zu brennenden Rohlinge aufgehängt werden.With the hanging device designed according to the invention, the supporting beams are located directly below the furnace ceiling and it can be hung thereon with further auxiliary structures for hanging the blanks to be burned.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung wird eine thermisch und mechanisch hochbelastbare Hängevorrichtung zur Verfügung gestellt, die den zyklischen Brennbedingun- gen über einen großen Zeitraum standhält. Dies ist auch bei den sehr hohen Temperaturen im Brennofen bei der relativ großen Wärmeausdehnung der feuerfesten Ofeninnenauskleidung, den Wärmedurchgängen und den Temperaturgradienten, die insbesondere im Veranke- rungsbereich der Ofendecke zu berücksichtigen sind, der Fall.With the solution according to the invention, a thermally and mechanically heavy-duty hanging device is made available which can withstand the cyclical firing conditions over a long period of time. This is also the case with the very high temperatures in the kiln, the relatively large thermal expansion of the refractory lining, the heat transfer and the temperature gradients, which have to be taken into account especially in the anchoring area of the kiln ceiling.
Bei der bevorzugt zu verwendenden Verankerung der Hängeelemente oberhalb der Ofendecke, treten an die- sem während der Hochtemperaturphase ein Temperaturgradient bis zu 1.400 °C auf. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung der Hängevorrichtung kann die entsprechende Wärmeabführung und die unterschiedliche Wärmeausdehnung der anderen Ofenkonstruktionsmaterialien ausgeglichen werden und es treten keine mechanischen Verspannungen in einer Größenordnung auf, die zum Bruch oder anderweitiger Zerstörung an den erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Elementen führt und demzufolge Havarien, die zu Ausschuß und Produktionsaus- fällen mit den entsprechenden erhöhten Kosten führen können, sind vermeidbar.With the preferred anchoring of the hanging elements above the furnace ceiling, a temperature gradient of up to 1,400 ° C occurs during this during the high-temperature phase. With the design of the hanging device according to the invention, the corresponding heat dissipation and the different thermal expansion of the other furnace construction materials can be compensated for and no mechanical effects occur Tensions of an order of magnitude which lead to breakage or other destruction of the elements to be used according to the invention and, consequently, accidents which can lead to rejects and production downtimes with the corresponding increased costs can be avoided.
Ein weiterer Vorteil, den die erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Hängevorrichtung mit sich bringt, ist die Möglichkeit, daß die zu brennenden Rohlinge und dabei insbesondere die zu brennenden Ofenrollen sehr dicht und unmittelbar unterhalb der Ofendecke angehängt werden können, so daß eine leichte Zugänglichkeit zur Aufhängung und wieder Abnahme ermöglicht wird und außerdem der im Brennofen zur Verfügung stehende Raum optimal genutzt werden kann.Another advantage that the hanging device designed according to the invention brings with it is the possibility that the blanks to be burned, and in particular the furnace rolls to be burned, can be attached very closely and immediately below the furnace ceiling, so that they are easily accessible for suspension and removal is made possible and the space available in the kiln can also be used optimally.
Die erfindungsgemäße Hängevorrichtung hat dabei den Vorteil, daß, obwohl die an den Tragbalken angreifen- de Last als reine Zugbelastung auftritt, die eigentlich bei einer Keramikkonstruktion vermieden werden sollte, da Keramiken eine um den Faktor 10 bis 100 geringere Zugfestigkeit im Vergleich zur Druckfestigkeit hat, trotzdem einsetzbar sind. Die erfindungs- gemäße Lösung vermeidet außerdem, insbesondere durch die Gestaltung der formschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen Hängeelement und Tragbalken erhöhte Biege-, Zug- und/oder Torsionsspannungen, die zu lokalen Spannungsüberhöhungen und dementsprechend zu Brüchen der verschiedenen Bauteile an diesen Orten führen können.The hanging device according to the invention has the advantage that, although the load acting on the support beam occurs as a pure tensile load, which should actually be avoided in a ceramic construction, since ceramics have a tensile strength which is 10 to 100 times lower than that of the compressive strength, can still be used. The solution according to the invention also avoids increased bending, tensile and / or torsional stresses, in particular due to the design of the positive connection between the hanging element and the support beam, which can lead to local stress increases and accordingly to fractures of the various components at these locations.
Dem kann einmal dadurch entgegen gewirkt werden, daß eine gleichmäßige Kraftübertragung zwischen Tragbal- ken und Hängeelementen durch eine jeweils dem ent- sprechenden Bauelement angepaßte konische Ausbildung, im Bereich der formschlüssigen Verbindung oder eine Ausbildung als Kugel-Pfanne-Anordnung verwendet wird.This can be counteracted by the fact that a uniform power transmission between the supporting beams and hanging elements is achieved by a speaking component adapted conical training, in the field of positive connection or training as a ball-socket arrangement is used.
Bei der letzteren Variante wird die bevorzugt am unteren Ende der Hängeelemente ausgebildete Auf eitung, zumindest im Bereich, der im direkten Kontakt als Auflage für den Tragbalken dient, halbkugelförmig ausgebildet wird. Dabei können die verwendeten Radien für die Kugelform optimiert werden. Dem entsprechend ist der untere Bereich der Durchbrechungen in den Tragbalken, der sich an der Aufweitung der Hängeelemente abstützt, ebenfalls zumindest teilweise halbkugelförmig als entsprechende Pfanne ausgebildet, so daß Hängeelement und Tragbalken je nach dem Radiusverhältnis über einen Ringbereich die Kraft übertragen. Bevorzugt sollte ein Radiusverhältnis größer 0,5 eingehalten werden. Dadurch wird gesichert, daß auf das Hängeelement der Kraftangriff so erfolgt, daß eine entsprechende gleichmäßige Verteilung der Zugspannung wirkt und gefährliche zusätzliche überlagernde Biegemomente, die infolge von Quer- und Seitenkräften auftreten könnten, weitestgehend vermieden werden. Da lokale Zugspannungsüberhöhungen mit einer entsprechenden Ausbildung vermieden werden, ist die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wesentliche widerstandsfähiger und Brüche können vermieden werden.In the latter variant, the formation preferably formed at the lower end of the hanging elements is hemispherical, at least in the region which serves as a support for the supporting beam in direct contact. The radii used can be optimized for the spherical shape. Accordingly, the lower area of the openings in the supporting beam, which is supported on the expansion of the hanging elements, is also at least partially hemispherical as a corresponding pan, so that depending on the radius ratio, the hanging element and supporting beam transmit the force over an annular area. A radius ratio greater than 0.5 should preferably be maintained. This ensures that the force is applied to the suspension element in such a way that a correspondingly uniform distribution of the tensile stress acts and dangerous additional superimposed bending moments that could occur as a result of transverse and lateral forces are largely avoided. Since local tension increases are avoided with appropriate training, the solution according to the invention is significantly more resistant and breaks can be avoided.
Mit einer entsprechend ausgebildeten Hängevorrichtung konnten sehr hohe Lasten über den Tragbalken auf die Hängeelemente übertragen werden, so daß auf engstem Raum eine große Anzahl von zu brennenden Rohlingen angeordnet werden können.With a suitably designed hanging device, very high loads could be transferred to the hanging elements via the supporting beam, so that a large number of blanks to be burned can be arranged in the smallest space.
Die besonders günstig zu verwendende Kugel-Pfanne- Anordnung bei den Hängeelementen und den Tragbalken, erlaubt eine bewegliche Anordnung zwischen diesen beiden Elementen, so daß Wärmedehnungen ohne weiteres ausgeglichen werden können und trotzdem eine gleich- mäßige Spannungsverteilung gesichert bleibt. Auch andere Bewegungen, die z.B. durch die Strömungen im Brennofen hervorgerufen werden oder beim Auf- und Abhängen der Rohlinge zwangsläufig auftreten, können durch die insgesamt relativ bewegliche Konstruktion ebenfalls weitestgehend abgefangen werden.The particularly inexpensive to use ball pan The arrangement of the hanging elements and the supporting beams allows a movable arrangement between these two elements, so that thermal expansion can be easily compensated for and an even distribution of stress remains ensured. Other movements, which are caused, for example, by the currents in the kiln or which inevitably occur when the blanks are suspended and suspended, can also be largely absorbed by the overall relatively movable construction.
Als geeignete Materialien für die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Hängeelemente und Tragbalken sind rekristallisiertes Siliciumcarbid (R-SiC), siliciuminfil- triertes Siliciumcarbid (SiSiC), nitridgebundenes Siliciumcarbid (N-SiC) , gesintertes Siliciumcarbid (S-SiC) oder verschiedene Mischungen der genannten Siliciumcarbide.Suitable materials for the suspension elements and supporting beams to be used according to the invention are recrystallized silicon carbide (R-SiC), silicon-infiltrated silicon carbide (SiSiC), nitride-bonded silicon carbide (N-SiC), sintered silicon carbide (S-SiC) or various mixtures of the silicon carbides mentioned.
Nachfolgend soll die Erfindung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher beschrieben werden.The invention will be described in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.
Dabei zeigt:It shows:
Figur 1: eine Darstellung eines Beispiels für eine erfindungsgemäße Hängevorrichtung und Figur 2: eine vergrößerte Darstellung der formschlüssigen Verbindung mit einer Kugel- Pfanne-Anordnung an einem Hängeelement und einem Tragbalken.Figure 1: an illustration of an example of a hanging device according to the invention and Figure 2: an enlarged view of the positive connection with a ball and socket arrangement on a hanging element and a support beam.
Zum Brennen von keramischen Ofenrollen als Rohlinge sollen diese, bevorzugt sehr dicht unterhalb der Ofendecke, in einem sogenannten Deckenförderofen hän- gend angeordnet werden können. Hierfür eignet sich eine entsprechende Tragkonstruktion zur Aufnahme der senkrecht aufgehängten Ofenrollen, bei der parallel zueinander ausgerichtete Tragbalken 2 mittels Hängeelementen 1 gehalten werden. Dabei sollte jeder Trag- balken 2 mit mindestens zwei Hängeelementen 1, bevorzugt drei Hängeelementen 1 gehalten werden. Die Hängeelemente 1 werden in einer bevorzugten Ausführung durch die Ofendecke geführt und dort oberhalb verankert. Zur Verankerung kann im Hängeelement 1 eine Nut 5 ausgebildet sein, in die eine entsprechend ausgebildete Arretierung eingreifen kann, die sich dann oberhalb der Ofendecke abstützt und die Last aufnimmt.For the firing of ceramic furnace rolls as blanks, they should be able to be suspended in a so-called ceiling conveyor furnace, preferably very close to the furnace ceiling. It is suitable for this a corresponding support structure for receiving the vertically suspended furnace rollers, in which support beams 2 which are aligned parallel to one another are held by means of hanging elements 1. Each support beam 2 should be held with at least two hanging elements 1, preferably three hanging elements 1. In a preferred embodiment, the hanging elements 1 are guided through the furnace ceiling and anchored there above. For anchoring, a groove 5 can be formed in the hanging element 1, into which a correspondingly designed locking device can engage, which is then supported above the furnace ceiling and takes up the load.
Am unteren Ende des Hängeelementes 1 ist dann eineAt the lower end of the hanging element 1 is then one
Aufweitung 4 ausgebildet, auf der sich der Tragbalken 2 abstützen kann. Der Tragbalken 2 weist dabei entsprechend der Anzahl der verwendeten Hängeelemente 1 in gleichmäßigen Abständen zueinander oder in einer symmetrischen Anordnung Durchbrechungen 3 auf, durch die das jeweilige Hängeelement 1 geführt werden kann, bis sich der Tragbalken 2 an der Aufweitung 4 des Hängeelementes 1 abstützt.Widening 4 is formed on which the support beam 2 can be supported. The support beam 2 has, depending on the number of suspension elements 1 used, at regular intervals from one another or in a symmetrical arrangement of openings 3 through which the respective suspension element 1 can be guided until the support beam 2 is supported on the widening 4 of the suspension element 1.
Bei diesem Beispiel ist der untere Teil der Durchbrechung 3 des Tragbalkens 2 zumindest teilweise halbkugelförmig und der entsprechende Teil der Aufweitung 4 des Hängeelementes 1 dieser Form entsprechend angepaßt ausgebildet, so daß beide Teile in diesem Be- reich eine Kugel-Pfanne-Anordnung bilden.In this example, the lower part of the opening 3 of the support beam 2 is at least partially hemispherical and the corresponding part of the widening 4 of the hanging element 1 is adapted to this shape, so that both parts form a ball and socket arrangement in this area.
Der obere Teil des Tragbalkens 2 bildet dabei den Auflagegurt 6 für das Brenngut.The upper part of the support beam 2 forms the support belt 6 for the firing material.
In der Figur 2 ist dann in einer vergrößerten Dar- Stellung das Beispiel mit der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Kugel-Pfanne-Anordnung deutlicher dargestellt. Zur besseren Erkennbarkeit liegt in dieser Darstellung der Tragbalken 2 nicht direkt auf der Auf eitung 4 des Hängeelementes 1 auf.In FIG. 2, an enlarged illustration Position shows the example with the ball and socket arrangement to be used according to the invention more clearly. For better visibility, the support beam 2 does not lie directly on the processing 4 of the hanging element 1 in this illustration.
Bei diesem Beispiel wurde ein Kugelradius der Pfanne Rp.τ im Tragbalken 2 von 67 mm und beim Kugelradius RK.H an der Aufweitung 4 des Hängeelementes 1 von 65 mm gewählt, was ein Radiusverhältnis von RP.T : RK_H = 0,97 ergibt. Die sich daraus ergebende theoretische Kraftübertragungslinie 7 ist in Figur 2 eingezeichnet. Dabei zeigt insbesondere die Darstellung der Figur 2, daß die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Geo- metrien einen gleichmäßigen Kraftangriff mit einer entsprechenden Spannungsverteilung sichern und dadurch gewährleistet wird, daß die zwar thermisch sehr stabilen Siliciumcarbide eingesetzt werden können, obwohl deren Zugfestigkeit begrenzt ist.In this example, a spherical radius of the pan R p . τ in the support beam 2 of 67 mm and the ball radius R K. H selected on the expansion 4 of the hanging element 1 of 65 mm, which is a radius ratio of R P. T : R K _ H = 0.97. The resulting theoretical power transmission line 7 is shown in FIG. 2. The illustration in FIG. 2 shows in particular that the geometries to be used according to the invention ensure a uniform application of force with a corresponding stress distribution and thereby ensure that the thermally very stable silicon carbides can be used, although their tensile strength is limited.
Beim Brennen von keramischen Ofenrollenrohlingen können diese an den Tragbalken 2 über zusätzliche nicht dargestellte Hilfsleisten aufgehängt werden und dabei je Tragbalken 2 eine Masse von ca. 450 kg bei Tempe- raturen von ca. 1.550 °C sicher gehalten werden, wobei sich die Betriebsfestigkeit bereits bei einer hohen Anzahl von Versuchen, bei denen keine Abrisse oder andere Beschädigungen festgestellt werden kon— ten, bestätigt hat. When firing ceramic furnace roller blanks, they can be hung on the supporting beams 2 by means of additional auxiliary strips (not shown) and a mass of approx. 450 kg per supporting beam 2 can be safely held at temperatures of approx. 1,550 ° C., whereby the operational stability is already at has confirmed a high number of tests in which no breaks or other damage was found.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Hängevorrichtung für den Einsatz in Brennöfen zur Herstellung keramischer Bauteile, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß mindestens ein an der Decke eines Brennofens befestigbares Hängeelement (1) aus Siliciumcarbid mit einem Tragbalken (2) aus Siliciumcarbid, Relativbewegungen dieser beiden Elemente zu las- send, formschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind.1. Hanging device for use in kilns for the production of ceramic components, characterized in that at least one hanging element (1) which can be fastened to the ceiling of a kiln and is made of silicon carbide with a supporting beam (2) made of silicon carbide, to allow relative movements of these two elements, positive, with one another are connected.
2. Hängevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das/die Hängeelement(e) (1) teilweise durch die Decke des Brennofens geführt und oberhalb der Ofendecke verankerbar ist/sind.2. Hanging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the / the hanging element (s) (1) partially through the ceiling of the kiln and can be anchored above the furnace ceiling.
3. Hängevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das/die Hänge- element(e) (1) durch jeweils eine Durchbrechung3. Hanging device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the / the hanging element (s) (1) by in each case an opening
(3) des Tragbalkens (2) geführt ist und das/die Hängeelement(e) (1) unterhalb der Durchbrechung(en) eine AufWeitung (4) aufweist/aufweisen.(3) of the support beam (2) is guided and the hanging element (s) (1) below the opening (s) has / have a widening (4).
4. Hängevorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis4. Hanging device according to one of claims 1 to
3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchbrechung(en) (3) und die Aufweitung(en) (4) zu- mindest teilweise konisch ausgebildet sind. 3, characterized in that the opening (s) (3) and the widening (s) (4) are at least partially conical.
5. Hängevorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis5. Hanging device according to one of claims 1 to
4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchbrechung(en) (3) und die Aufweitung(en) (4) als Kugel-Pfanne-Anordnung ausgebildet sind.4, characterized in that the opening (s) (3) and the widening (s) (4) are designed as a ball and socket arrangement.
6. Hängevorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Radiusverhältnis zwischen dem Kugelradius (R-H) des/der Hängeele- mente(s) (3) und dem Pfannenradius (RP_T) am6. Hanging device according to claim 5, characterized in that the radius ratio between the ball radius (R -H ) of the / the hanging elements (s) (3) and the pan radius (R P _ T ) on
Tragbalken (2) größer 0,5 ist.Support beam (2) is greater than 0.5.
7. Hängevorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Hängeelement (3) und7. Hanging device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that hanging element (3) and
Tragbalken (2) aus rekristallisiertem Siliciumcarbid (R-SiC) , siliσiuminfiltriertem Siliciumcarbid (SiSiC) , nitridgebundenem SiC (N-SiC) und/oder gesintertem Siliciumcarbid (S-SiC) ge- bildet sind. Support beams (2) are formed from recrystallized silicon carbide (R-SiC), silicon-infiltrated silicon carbide (SiSiC), nitride-bonded SiC (N-SiC) and / or sintered silicon carbide (S-SiC).
EP97952736A 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Hanging system to be used in burning kiln for producing ceramic components Expired - Lifetime EP0951632B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19653483A DE19653483C2 (en) 1996-12-20 1996-12-20 Hanging device for use in kilns for the production of ceramic components
DE19653483 1996-12-20
PCT/DE1997/002961 WO1998028583A1 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Hanging system to be used in burning kiln for producing ceramic components

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0951632A1 true EP0951632A1 (en) 1999-10-27
EP0951632B1 EP0951632B1 (en) 2001-08-22

Family

ID=7815662

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97952736A Expired - Lifetime EP0951632B1 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Hanging system to be used in burning kiln for producing ceramic components

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0951632B1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ297615B6 (en)
DE (2) DE19653483C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2163207T3 (en)
PT (1) PT951632E (en)
WO (1) WO1998028583A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2850571A1 (en) * 1978-11-22 1980-06-04 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Hanger conveyor furnace frame - has cross-members each comprising two connected arms with side supporting lugs
DE7922798U1 (en) * 1979-08-09 1979-11-08 Klefisch, Rudolf, 5000 Koeln ENCLOSURE FOR SLOT OVEN
US4721460A (en) * 1987-03-04 1988-01-26 Swindell Dressler International Corporation Tile firing support structure
DE4301841C2 (en) * 1993-01-23 1995-10-12 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Periodic oven
DE9308959U1 (en) * 1993-06-16 1993-08-12 Heinrich Zeidler Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co Kg, 95100 Selb Stackable kiln furniture for ceramic products
DE29507055U1 (en) * 1994-05-06 1995-07-06 Riedhammer GmbH und Co KG, 90411 Nürnberg Setup for a burning table
DE4436823C1 (en) * 1994-10-14 1996-05-02 Haldenwanger Tech Keramik Gmbh Support body made of SiC and its use

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9828583A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ161999A3 (en) 1999-12-15
WO1998028583A1 (en) 1998-07-02
DE59704403D1 (en) 2001-09-27
ES2163207T3 (en) 2002-01-16
DE19653483C2 (en) 2002-02-28
PT951632E (en) 2001-11-30
DE19653483A1 (en) 1998-06-25
CZ297615B6 (en) 2007-02-14
EP0951632B1 (en) 2001-08-22

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