EP0951370B1 - Facility and method for producing cast shells or cast core packs - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for producing ready-to-cast Masks or core packages with one of the number required for packaging number of core shooters and one corresponding to different cores Assembly line, with the shot and solidified cores from the core shooters removed, possibly processed and on the assembly line to the Core package to be completed.

Basically, the present invention relates to the field of foundry technology. For the casting of fittings of any kind, foundry cores or - Form mostly made in separate parts, merged and together a mold or connected to a core package. These core packages are then for the production of, for example, a metallic workpiece with melted Metal filled, with those to be filled with molten metal in series production Core packages lined up in a row through the production line.

In the context of conventional production such as described in DE 4 318 259 C, are the required cores shooting core shooters in a row - linear - built, the shot, removed from the core shooter and processed if necessary Cores on a series assembly line rigidly coupling the core shooters after being filed. Ultimately, the core package of core shooter is too Core shooter completed, namely in the rigidly specified order of their Arrangement that corresponds exactly to the order in which the cores are packaged got to.

With such a rigid conventional production, the downtimes represent one single core shooter is a very significant problem with such downtime caused by repairs or maintenance. If one of the core shooters falls off, the entire assembly line must be stopped, because namely every single core or core type is required for packaging. You wanted in one in such a situation, continue to operate the assembly line and thus the core packaging, one would have to replace each core shooter with a sufficiently large bearing provide the packaging process for cores to be introduced. Such one However, storage would be extremely space-intensive and in terms of safe storage of the Cores are problematic insofar as the cores made from molding sand are concerned are highly sensitive parts, their handling and storage are again problematic is. Ultimately, in practice, masks or core packages of the here in The type in question is manufactured without additional core bearings on the core shooters, resulting in long downtimes on individual core shooters very considerable total downtimes of the system arise.

For example, assuming a total of 400,000 core packages are needed each year, of 48 working weeks a year and three shifts a day, you also lay out the linear arrangement of a total of eight core shooters at one cycle time 45 seconds per machine and guaranteed availability of each machine of 85%, and it is further assumed that due to maintenance (Cleaning, repair and maintenance) a total of six working days per week and 23 working hours a day are available, i.e. a total of 48 weeks x 6 Days x 23 hours = 6,624 hours per year, this gives an average Total downtime of 7.23 hours a day and 50.7 hours a week. The Downtime is 2.95 hours a day or 20.7 hours a week for one Maintenance period of 4.28 hours a day and 30 hours a week.

Ultimately, conventional production leads to rigid linear coupling Core shooters without additional core bearings to very considerable failure and Maintenance times for the entire system. In addition, there is the further problem that in In the event of a standstill of, for example, eight core shooters Installation of several maintenance teams for the simultaneous maintenance of all core shooters required are. You would go through one core shooter after another maintain or repair or repair a single maintenance team, the total downtime would increase significantly. The use of several Maintenance teams, however, are extremely labor intensive and increase manufacturing costs to a not inconsiderable degree.

With regard to a relevant state of the art, is only exemplary referred to DE 31 48 461 C1, which is a core and mask shooting machine from the applicant disclosed. DE 195 34 984 C1 is also a generic one Device for producing ready-to-cast masks and core packages known, the the required core shooters according to the above Designs are arranged linearly on an assembly line. Via the assembly line the core shooters are functionally linked, where there is a lack of individual core bearings on the respective core shooters very considerable total downtimes can be expected.

The present invention is based on the object, both a device as well as a process for the production of ready-to-cast masks or core packages of the beginning mentioned type in such a way to develop and develop that against the conventional production with the least possible effort an increase in production capacity is possible.

The device according to the invention for the production of ready-to-cast masks or core packages solves the above object by the features of claim 1. Thereafter, the generic device is characterized in that at least an additional core shooter - additional machine - for replacement Manufacturing of each of the cores required for packaging is provided.

Further advantageous refinements of the invention result from subclaims 2-20.

The method according to the invention is solved by the features of claim 21.

According to the invention, the conventional concept has so far been deviated from here been provided here as no core bearings to bridge downtime are. Rather, in the manner according to the invention, this is referred to from now on as an additional machine Core shooter provided the replacement of any regular function Core shooter can take over and thus for the production of everyone the cores required for packaging. Ultimately, this will be a replacement the core of the packaging process at the right time and on fed right place.

The additional machine is arranged in a particularly advantageous manner in a stationary manner and does not get close to the stationary core shooter as required spent. Rather, the one shot with the additional machine Core to the packaging process at the right time in the right place. For this purpose, the additional machine could be assigned directly to the assembly line, for example in front of the regular core shooters or afterwards on the assembly line be arranged.

It would also be conceivable to add a second assembly line - one Additional tape - to be allocated, which communicates with the first assembly tape in this respect, deposited as a core shot by the auxiliary machine on the auxiliary belt and about this additional tape, which, for example, parallel to the actual Assembly line can run into the area of the stationary core shooter is spent. A takeover by the manipulators active there for subsequent Packing is then easily possible.

As previously mentioned, the assembly line could at least be in the broadest sense be arranged linearly. The additional band could then be essentially parallel to the assembly line so that the one shot by the auxiliary machine as an alternative Core can be promoted exactly where it is due to a failure a core shooter is actually needed. By means of a kind of cross assembly could then be packaged - from the other side of the assembly line off - done.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the additional machine by means of a robot or manipulator and / or by means of a conveyor with tools for optional manufacture of each of the cores required for packaging can be equipped is. In this respect, any core could be used with the additional machine Shoot the necessary tools. The tools could be from one or can be removed from several tool stores of the core shooters. However, it would also be conceivable to have a tool store especially for the additional machine to provide with replacement tools, including these tools undergo a maintenance or cleaning process in the usual way.

The coupling of the core shooters and possibly the additional machine in the manufacturing process integrating assembly line could be arranged and be designed such that cores deposited or packaged there at least twice the Range of core shooters. To that extent it would be guaranteed that the Additional machine can be arranged anywhere on the assembly line, whereby the core shooters can be passed at least twice, that the alternatively shot core is put in the right place for packaging can be.

Specifically, the assembly line could pass through the core shooter form an open or closed funding group.

In the context of such a configuration, the support group could be divided into two parallel, interconnected conveyor lines formed be, these conveyor lines can in turn be arranged linearly. The conveyor lines can run largely on the same level, so that the all of the core shooters assigned to the conveyor lines are arranged at the same level.

In concrete terms, the core shooters could be on either side of the two conveyor lines - preferably symmetrical - be arranged, for example an arrangement of the Core shooters in groups of two core shooters would be conceivable. In any case, the core shooters can be assigned to one another in pairs, whereby the core shooters can have double occupancy. To that extent Two cores are manufactured in a single tool again are two identical cores or two different cores can. This will be referred to later.

With regard to unhindered access to the core shooters this, but above all the additional machine, arranged outside the conveyor circuit his. However, it is also conceivable, at least the additional machine, possibly also one or more of the other core shooters within the district to arrange. Such an arrangement could be advantageous if have the distances between the core shooters reduced so that the additional machine effortlessly all core shooters and the storage stations there can operate.

From a functional point of view, it is advantageous if the additional machine is located approximately in the middle of the Assembly line is arranged. However, this is the functional middle and not about the geographic center is meant. Ultimately, the additional machine can be advantageous Arrange in such a way that from there the core of all core shooters are bringable to the respective storage stations, if possible with one and the same manipulator.

In this respect, it is of particular advantage if those shot by the additional machine and removed cores at any point using the manipulator of the support group can be stored on the assembly line or on the pallets For this purpose, special storage stations can be specified or their position can be defined. The storage stations for the additional machine can be the storage stations of the individual Core shooters comply. However, the storage stations are advantageously located the auxiliary machine close together so that this with a single Manipulator - can be reached from the additional machine.

The manipulator can directly on the assembly line or on the assembly line Store assigned pallets. Likewise - and this in a particularly advantageous manner Way - it is possible that the manipulator also on the assembly line the opposite part of the assembly line, namely on the opposite side Conveyor route, cores can deposit, the deposit in turn Pallets or in the course of the packaging process on previously deposited cores he follows.

With regard to the smallest possible space requirement for the assembly line or for the whole arrangement of the core shooters is very special Advantage if the cores seen in the conveying direction of the assembly line before or after a core shooter or a group of core shooters in the respective storage station can be placed on the assembly line or on the pallet. So far one storage station serves at least to store two different ones Cores for two core shooters that shoot these different cores. If a core shooter has double occupancy, namely two can shoot different cores, can each two core shooters can be combined into a group with double occupancy. The storage station also serves this purpose the storage of two different cores, also in this one Trap for two separate core shooters, but only a single depositing station is required for this group of two core shooters.

It is also conceivable that the assembly line runs approximately in a meandering shape the core shooter area passes at least twice. In any case it is essential to ensure here that the area of the core shooters is passed at least twice, so that any arrangement of the auxiliary machine and a subsequent process of that shot by the auxiliary machine Kerns in the area of the stationary core shooter is possible.

In a further advantageous manner, the assembly line helps to deposit the cores or Pallets used for packaging. These pallets can be made in two parts, can namely an area for the actual packaging of the cores - a packaging station - and have an area for storing a core - a storage space - where the storage space for receiving any core and for subsequent Feed the core stored there in the packaging process - in the correct order - serves. In concrete terms, the range could be in the two previously mentioned areas and could be the two areas of Pallet can be handled and connected independently of each other.

Previously, only one group of core shooters was spoken of, which are coupled via the assembly line. However, it is also conceivable that at least two groups of core shooters on appropriate assembly lines are strung together. In this respect, the total would be necessary Core shooters grouped together. One in the first group of Core shooters manufactured core package could be connected to the subsequent one Assembly line are handed over from where a further completion or packaging takes place. For example, in the area between the assembly lines the insertion of any parts take place. In the area between or Transfer stations on the assembly lines could also be used for the transfer Manipulators or conveyor lines can be provided.

As part of a particularly suitable arrangement of the additional machine could these can be arranged directly at or near the transfer station and the Group of the previous or subsequent core shooters or even be assigned to both groups. Ultimately, you could with this additional machine any core from the previous and from the following group - after appropriate tool change - shoot, see above that this additional machine as a "jumper" for both groups of core shooters can be used.

In the concrete and in the context of a particularly favorable utilization of the entire The system could be the last core shooter in terms of packaging a previous group of core shooters as an additional machine for manufacturing a core of any other core shooter convertible and for shooting cores of core shooters the following group. Of course, this could be the last Core shooter of the previous group also as an additional machine to manufacture any core of any other core shooter serve the same group of core shooters.

As part of an alternative embodiment, the order of the packaging could seen also the first core shooter of a subsequent one Group of core shooters as an additional machine for manufacturing one Core of any other core shooter can be converted and used for shooting of cores of the core shooter of the previous group can be used his. This core shooter, which serves as an additional machine, could also easily for shooting cores from core shooters of the same Group can be used.

The core shooters could also be one with the inventive arrangement additional core shooter - additional machine - be designed so that within each group of core shooters each of the core shooters as regular core shooter or as an additional machine for manufacturing a core Can be converted to any other core shooter and used accordingly is. Ultimately, this would be an optimal variability of the entire system given and could be any regular core shooter both of those chosen there Fixed arrangement as a regular core shooter also serve as an additional machine and thus used as a "jumper", with all core shooters are arranged in a fixed position. The jumper function does not result from this a portable arrangement of the core shooters, but rather from a variable assignment of the tools, which ultimately means that each of the Core shooters manage the shooting of each concrete core can.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that, from a functional point of view, between the Groups of core shooters, i.e. between the assembly lines, bearings for Entry and exit of individual cores and / or already packaged or at least partially packaged core packages are provided. These camps - between the groups the core shooters or between the assembly lines - could act as a safety buffer or for other processing or use of the cores or Serve core packages.

The core shooter could continue in the area before the removal station the assembly line, i.e. between the removal station and the assembly line, respectively a deburring device can be arranged downstream. After going through one Another quality control station could be provided for the deburring device be so that packaging with defective cores is effectively avoided becomes. If a defective core is identified, the defective core could be identified Core shooting core shooter must be shut down for maintenance purposes. The The core required here for the continuity of the packaging process could, according to the previous statements shot from the auxiliary machine and the packaging process be fed.

Furthermore, each core shooter could preferably have a robot or manipulator be assigned with at least one gripper, the robot for removal, further handling and for packaging or filing the respectively shot Serves cores.

As mentioned earlier, it could be the core shooters and thus also with the additional machine for machines with double assignment for simultaneous Trade production of two cores. A double machine could also be used as a core shooter be provided, namely a machine with two independently of one another working shot heads, including two independent sand and Compressed air supplies are provided for each core shooter. Two to one Group of core shooters arranged side by side could therefore be used in pairs to shoot the same core types, each this core shooter can shoot two different core types.

It is also conceivable to use cameras at the storage stations of the additional machines Monitoring of the pallets or packaging situation must be provided. To that extent the respective condition can be monitored effectively and one could be ignored of the packaging situation let pallets circulate several times in the funding group until the Packaging is complete. In this respect, one could fail a core shooter to do without a tool change of the additional machine and could do that have the incomplete core package circulated several times with regard to the missing core, until completion is possible.

Finally, it is also conceivable that not only at the storage stations of the additional machine, but cameras at the storage stations of all core shooters provided for monitoring the pallets or the packaging situation on the pallets are. In this respect, the monitoring would be complete and would affect all filing stations, which enables the overall condition of the system to be optimized is monitored.

The method according to the invention for the production of ready-to-cast masks or core packages procedurally solves the above task through the features of claim 36. Thereafter, an inventive method for Manufacture of ready-to-cast masks or core packages, with at least two core shooters Molded cores shot and solidified, from the core shooters removed, edited if necessary and together with a core package be completed, and the core shooters coupled via an assembly line are characterized in that in the event of failure or maintenance one of the core shooters each of the cores required for packaging via at least one additional core shooter - additional machine - as an alternative can be shot.

The following advantageous features relating to the method according to the invention correspond to the features of the invention already discussed above Contraption.

So the additional machine - Springer - can be operated in a fixed position, the one with the Additional machine shot cores on the assembly line or on the Assembly line movable pallets can be stored or packaged. Alternatively, you can the cores shot with the additional machine on another assembly line - Additional belt - or placed on pallets that can be moved on the additional belt be, the additional belt communicates with the first assembly line.

If the assembly line is at least linear in the broadest sense, could the additional band run essentially parallel to the assembly line.

The additional machine could preferably be used from a tool store a robot or by means of a manipulator and / or a conveyor Tools to selectively manufacture any of those required for packaging Cores are populated. The ones deposited or packaged on the assembly line Cores could be at least twice due to the arrangement of the assembly line pass the area of the respective core shooters, with the cores on the assembly line via an open or through the core shooters closed support group. It is also possible that the Cores on the assembly line roughly meandering and the area of Core shooters are conveyed passing at least twice.

If the pallets are divided into a parceling station and a storage place, the two parts of the pallets are used independently and handled if necessary become.

Basically, at least two groups of core shooters can Corresponding assembly lines must be strung together, with the cores or core packages from one assembly line to the other assembly line by means of transfer stations positioned manipulators are passed. In the order of Packing becomes the last core shooter of a previous one Group as an additional machine for producing a core of any other Core shooter converted and for shooting cores of core shooters of the following group.

It is also possible that the first in the order of packaging Core shooter of the following group as additional machine for Manufacturing a core of any other core shooter retooled and for shooting cores of the core shooters of the previous ones Group is used. Finally, within each group of core shooters each of the core shooters as a regular core shooter or as Additional machine for manufacturing a core of any other core shooter converted and used accordingly. In functional terms between the groups of core shooters, i.e. between the assembly lines, individual cores and / or already packaged cores are introduced into the warehouse and removed from camps.

After removal, the cores can be deburred in the area in front of the assembly line the cores after removal, preferably after deburring, be checked for quality before the assembly line. Preferably everyone Core shooter is a robot or manipulator with at least one Assigned gripper, whereby the shot cores are removed with the robot, handled, packaged or filed.

To better illustrate the concept according to the invention and to estimate the advantages and disadvantages compared to conventional production according to the prior art, the following need is used, which corresponds to the example mentioned at the beginning: Core packages required per year 400,000 Number of weeks per year 48 Number of shifts per day 3rd

Conventional concept :

Core shooters built in series without buffers and rigidly coupled via an assembly line. Number of machines 8th Cycle time of the machine 45 s Guaranteed availability 85%

Due to maintenance (cleaning and maintenance): Number of working days per week 6 Number of hours worked per day 23 ie: 48 x 6 x 23 = 6,624 h / year Total downtime per day (⊘) [week] 7.23 h [50.7 h] Downtime: 2.95 h [20.7 h] 23 hx (1-0.85%) = 3.45 hx 6 = 20.7 / 7 = 2.95 h Maintenance time: 4.28 h [30 h] 24 h + 6 x (24 h - 23 h) = 30 h / 7 = 4.28 h

Concept "7 x 24" according to the invention:

If you calculate 3.4 MC (core shooters) but have to use 4 MC, or 8 MC needed, but uses 9 MC, you can use this overcapacity to by either 7 days 24 hours, i.e. around the clock, to produce or to increase availability. For this you have to have the corresponding maintenance plan lay out and ensure the technical boundary conditions. As a technical Solutions include cross assembly, multiple tool changes and to mention the double pallet mentioned earlier.

Anzahl der Maschinen 8+1 Taktzeit der Maschine 45 s Garantierte Verfügbarkeit 85% In the case of core shooters built in series plus an additional machine (Springer) and with a three-part assembly line and two core bearings, the situation compared to conventional production is as follows:

Number of machines 8 + 1 Cycle time of the machine 45 s Guaranteed availability 85%

Due to maintenance (cleaning and maintenance): Number of working days per week 7 Number of hours worked per day 24th ie: 48 x 7 x 24 = 8,064 h / year Production time required per day (0) [week]: 14.9 h [104.34 h]
Eff.Prod.hour with conventional planning: 24 h - 7.23 h = 16.77 h / day and MC
16.77 hx 8 MC / 9 MC = 14.9 x 7 = 104.34 h Total downtime per day (0) [week] 9.1 h [63.7 h] 24-14.9 = 9.1 x 7 = 63.7 h Downtime 2.63 h [18.4 h] (14.9 / 85%) - 14.9 = 2.63 x 7 = 18.4 h Maintenance time 6.47 h [45.29 h] 9.1 h - 2.63 h = 6.47 x 7 = 45.29 h Concept 2000: Conventional: modification Machine investment 9 X ..... 8 X ..... + 12.50% Hours worked per year 8064 6624 + 21.74% Maximum number of core packages per year 645.120 529.920 + 21.74% Capacity reserve [based on 400,000] 61.28% 32.48% + 88.66% Maintenance time per week 45.29 h 30 h + 50.96% Maintenance time per day 6.47 h 1 h + 547%

There are also the following advantages:

• By dividing the assembly line, it is possible to manufacture partial packages.
• Assuming a total maintenance of 6 hours per machine and week conventional maintenance, six maintenance teams are required (two Maintenance teams per shift) to perform maintenance, cleaning within a day and carry out maintenance. Since the maintenance team only works on one Day is busy, it is necessary to outsource some of these tasks forgive.

With the previously discussed "7x24" concept, on the other hand, only one team is required can do the maintenance work spread over the week. This can be done internally trained personnel. The maintenance schedule could be as follows:

The machine is serviced for six hours every 54 hours.

Maintenance is carried out for six hours every week, without a night shift or weekend work.

In other words: Assuming 3 x 6 hours of maintenance per machine and week, ie 18 hours per week, there are still 63.7 - 18 = 45.7 hours as a reserve.

X: Reserve

With a reserve far greater than 168 h / week - 18 h / week = 150 h / week, Downtimes up to 30% (i.e. 70% availability) are again greater than 45.7 / 150 catchable.

Fig. 1

in einer schematischen Darstellung eine erste Anordnung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Herstellung gießfertiger Kernpakete, wobei dort insgesamt drei Montagebänder vorgesehen sind,

Fig. 2

in einer schematischen Darstellung ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Herstellung gießfertiger Kernpakete, wobei dort ebenfalls drei Montagebänder angeordnet sind und wobei das mittlere Montageband in etwa mäanderförmig verläuft und

Fig. 3

in einer schematischen Darstellung ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Herstellung gießfertiger Kernpakete, wobei dort ein einziges Montageband mit geschlossenem Förderkreis und zwei gegenüberliegenden Förderstrecken sowie einer zentral angeordneten Zusatzmaschine vorgesehen ist.

There are now various possibilities for advantageously designing and developing the teaching of the present invention. For this purpose, reference is made to the patent claims on the one hand and to the following explanation of two exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawing. In connection with the explanation of the preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawing, generally preferred configurations and developments of the teaching are also explained. In the drawing shows

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a first arrangement of a device according to the invention for producing ready-to-cast core packages, a total of three assembly lines being provided there,

Fig. 2

in a schematic representation, a second exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention for producing ready-to-cast core packages, three assembly bands also being arranged there and the middle assembly band running approximately in a meandering shape and

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a device according to the invention for the production of core packs ready for casting, wherein there is a single assembly line with a closed conveyor circuit and two opposite conveyor lines and a centrally located auxiliary machine.

1 and 2 show a schematic representation - each for itself - an embodiment a device according to the invention for the production of ready-to-cast Masks or core packages, with one of the number required for packaging different cores corresponding number of core shooters 1, which in are individually marked with the letters A-H. Furthermore are each three assembly tapes 2, 3, 4 are provided.

According to the invention there is at least one additional core shooter - one there Additional machine 5 designated as Springer KSM - for the replacement production of a each of the cores required for packaging.

In addition to the auxiliary machine 5, the device has the core shooters 1, 5 assigned removal stations 6, also assigned to the core shooters 1, 5 Deburring devices 7 and correspondingly assigned quality controls 8 on. Furthermore, the core shooters 1, 5 are robots 9 and these again assigned to gripper 10.

According to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the assembly tapes 2, 3 and 4 closed support groups. The assembly tapes 2, 3 and 4 point for storing the cores or for serving pallets 11 on the double pallets are executed. More specifically, the pallets 11 include one for packaging of the cores serving package station 12 and one for storing a separate one Kerns serving storage space 13.

Furthermore, it is indicated in the figures that in the area between the assembly lines 2, 3 and 4 transfer stations 14 with manipulators for transfer or robots 15 are provided.

The figures further show that the assembly lines 2, 3 and 4 at the transfer stations 14 material buffers 16 are assigned, can be stored in the replacement cores and from which replacement cores can be removed for feeding to the packaging process.

The work flow of the device shown schematically in FIG. 1 is shown in the table below, the core shooters being abbreviated with the letter group KSM. Workflow : Abl .: Filing Pak .: Paktieren maintenance KSM X RX KSM F RF Others comment KSM A KSM A Pak. A KSM F Pak. F RA> out of service 1 TOOL KSM B KSM B OJ B KSM F Pak. F RB> Pak. B 1 TOOL KSM C KSM C OJ C. KSM F Pak. F RC> Pak. C. 1 TOOL KSM D KSM D Pak. D KSM F Pak. F RD> out of service 1 TOOL KSM E KSM E OJ E KSM F Pak. F RE> Pak. E 1 TOOL KSM F KSM F OJ F - - RF> Pak. F 1 TOOL KSM G KSM F OJ F KSM G OJ G RF> Pak. F &RG> Pak. G 2 TO KSM H KSM F OJ F KSM H OJ H RF> Pak. F &RH> Pak. H 2 TO

If the core shooter A is serviced afterwards, for example, the additional machine takes over X shooting the core A by the robot RX on the first Assembly line is deposited or packaged there. The core shooter F shoots the core F, which is packaged accordingly by the robot RF. Robot RA is out of order.

If core shooter B is now serviced, core B is replaced by the additional machine X shot and placed on the first assembly line using the RX robot. Core shooter F still produces core F, with robots RX for Storage of the core and robot RB for packaging the core - on the one already stored Core A - serve.

If the core shooter C is serviced, the auxiliary machine X shoots the Core C, which is deposited on the first assembly line by the RX robot. Core shooter F still shoots core F, using robot RC for packaging of the core C serves, etc.

If core shooting machine F is serviced, core F becomes by the additional machine X manufactured, robot RX is used to store the core F. Robot RF then serves to package the core F, etc.

a) bis zu KSM-Anzahl/2 WZW (Werkzeugwechsel)

b) Kreuzmontage: z.B.: RX paketiert auf der Montageplatz (n) falls C gewartet wird.

c) Doppel-Palette mit Ablageplatz für Kerne (s.o.) > nur max. 2 WZW

It is extremely important that the order is followed, otherwise only a 50% output is achieved,

a) up to KSM number / 2 tool life (tool change)

b) Cross assembly: eg: RX packages on the assembly site (s) if C is serviced.

c) Double pallet with storage space for cores (see above)> only max. 2 TO

1. Die Reihenfolge ist wichtig.

2. Anzahl der Paletten n und Buffer-Kapazität N muß an die Daten von VAW angepaßt werden.

3. Springer KSM X muß universell sein. D.h. HVA mit Losteilvorrichtungen.

The situation is similar with the device shown in FIG. 2, where assembly tape 2 is arranged approximately in a meandering shape as an open assembly circle. Correspondingly, there is a modified workflow compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, specifically according to the following table, which is self-evident in itself, so that a more extensive discussion with regard to the exemplary discussion of the workflow according to the device from FIG. 1 is not is required. Workflow: Abl .: Filing Pak. Compact maintenance KSM X RX KSM F RF Others comment KSM A KSM A Pak. A KSM F Pak. F at 5 - 1 TOOL KSM B KSM B OJ B KSM F Pak. F at 5 RB> Pak. B 1 TOOL KSM C KSM C OJ C. KSM F Pak. F at 5 RC> Pak. C. 1 TOOL KSM D KSM D Pak. D at 2 KSM F Pak. F at 5 - 1 TOOL KSM E KSM E Pak. E at 8 KSM F Pak. F at 11 - 1 TOOL KSM F KSM F Pak. F at 8 - - - 1 TOOL KSM G KSM F Pak. F at 8 KSM G Pak. G - 2 TO KSM H KSM F Pak. F at 8 KSM H OJ H RH> Pak. H 2 TO

1. The order is important.

2. Number of pallets n and buffer capacity N must be adapted to the VAW data.

3. Springer KSM X must be universal. HVA with loose part devices.

Further information on the workflows shown in the table above referring to the general description on the one hand and the Claims on the other hand, especially since these workflows on the one hand from the constructive Features and on the other hand from the inventive method relevant characteristics result.

3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention for the production of cast-ready brands or core packages, where the assembly line 2 is designed in the sense of a closed support group. This funding group is through two mutually parallel, interconnected conveyor lines 17 formed. The two conveyor lines 17 run on the same level, wherein this arrangement of the schematic representation cannot be seen.

The core shooters 1 are arranged on both sides of the two conveyor lines 17, with a symmetrical arrangement in the embodiment chosen here is present.

Fig. 3 also reveals that the core shooters 1 in groups of each two core shooters 1 are combined locally. Here are the core shooters 1 and the additional machine 5 are arranged outside the conveyor circuit, the cores from the core shooters 1 and the auxiliary machine 5 via a conveyor device, not shown, or via manipulators 18 to the respective Storage stations 19 are spent.

In functional terms, the auxiliary machine 5 is arranged approximately centrally on the assembly line. As previously mentioned, those removed from the auxiliary machine 5 Cores by means of the manipulator 18 to the predetermined storage stations 19 spent, namely there on pallets of the assembly line 2, not shown in FIG. 3 filed.

Fig. 3 further shows that the manipulator 18 both immediately the assembly line 2 or on the pallets present there as well as on the assembly line 2 away on the opposite part of the assembly line 2 or the opposite conveyor section 17 and thus on pallets present there Cores can. In any case, the cores are seen in the conveying direction of the assembly line 2 before or after a core shooter 1 or a group of core shooters 1 in the respective storage station 19 on the assembly line 2 or on the Pallets can be stored. In any case, for the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 essential that two core shooters each form a group of core shooters are summarized. This makes it possible for the additional machine 5 receives an enormous radius of action, namely 2 cores on the assembly line for a total of four groups of core shooters, each with two core shooters can put down without leaving the site. Ultimately, on the part of the auxiliary machine 5 four times at four storage stations, thereby Replacement cores for a total of eight core shooters and thus eight different ones Keme can be provided as an alternative. In Fig. 3 is further indicated that the core shooters 1, which are grouped in pairs, each have two different ones Manufacture cores, namely cores a / b, c / d, e / f and g / h. Everybody is Core shooter with two independently working shooting heads separate compressed air and sand supply, with regard to such Double machine is referred to DE 40 33 887 C2. Ultimately serve two core shooters 1 arranged side by side for pairs Shooting the same core types as explained above.

Finally, it is indicated in Fig. 3 that both at the storage stations 19 of the auxiliary machine 6 and at the storage stations 19 of the core shooters 1 Cameras 20 are provided for monitoring the pallets or the packaging situation are. In this respect, the statements in the general part of the description referred.

In conclusion, it should be particularly pointed out that those previously discussed Exemplary embodiments only serve to discuss the claimed teaching, these however, do not restrict to the exemplary embodiments.

Claims (21)

1. Apparatus for the manufacture of casting shells or core stacks, having a number of core shooters (1) corresponding to the number of different cores required for stacking and an assembly belt (2), wherein the shot and consolidated cores are removed from the core shooters (1), are machined if necessary, and are fully assembled to form the core stack on the assembly belt (2), characterised in that the apparatus contains at least one additional machine (5) serving as additional core shooter for replacement manufacture of any of the cores required for stacking, the additional machine being associated with an assembly belt (2) of the apparatus or with a further assembly belt that communicates with the assembly belt (2).
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the additional machine (5) is arranged to be stationary.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the additional machine (5) is directly associated with the assembly belt (2) and, if applicable, viewed in the direction in which the cores are conveyed, is arranged upstream of the first or downstream of the last regular core shooter (1).
4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the additional machine (5) is associated with a further assembly belt - additional belt - which communicates with the first assembly belt (2), wherein the assembly belt (2) can be arranged linearly at least in the widest sense and the additional belt, if applicable, runs substantially parallel to the assembly belt so that robots (9) or manipulators loading the assembly belt (2) with cores are also able to load the additional belt with cores and remove them therefrom.
5. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the additional machine (5) is arranged to be equipped, preferably from a tool store, by means of a robot (9) or manipulator and/or a conveying device, with tools for selective manufacture of any of the cores required for stacking.
6. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the assembly belt (2) is arranged and constructed so that cores deposited or stacked thereon traverse the region of the core shooters (1) at least twice.
7. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the assembly belt (2) forms an open or closed conveying circuit traversing the core shooters (1), the conveying circuit preferably being formed by two conveying sections (17), connected with one another and running approximately parallel to one another, which run preferably at least largely in the same plane, wherein the core shooters (1) can be arranged on both sides of the conveying sections (17), preferably symmetrically, and are locally combined, preferably in groups of two core shooters (1) each.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterised in that the core shooters (1), and especially the additional machine (5), are/is arranged outside or inside the conveying circuit.
9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the cores removed from the additional machine (5) are arranged to be set down by means of a manipulator (18) at any desired points of the conveying circuit, preferably at predeterminable setting-down stations (19), on the assembly belt (2) or on the pallets, the manipulator (18) being able to set down cores directly onto the assembly belt (2) or onto pallets present thereon and also across the assembly belt (2) onto the opposite part or onto the opposite conveying section (17) of the assembly belt (2).
10. Apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that, viewed in the conveying direction of the assembly belt (2), the cores are arranged to be set down, in the relevant setting-down station (19), on the assembly belt (2) or on the pallets, upstream or downstream of a core shooter (1) or a group of core shooters (1).
11. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the run of the assembly belt (2) is approximately meandering and traverses the region of the core shooters (1) at least twice.
12. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the assembly belt (2) carries pallets (11) serving for setting down of the cores or for stacking, characterised in that the pallets (11) have a region for stacking the cores - stacking zone (12) - and a region for setting down a core - setting-down zone (13) - , the setting down zone (13) being used to receive any core and subsequently to introduce the set-down core into the stacking process - in the correct sequence - and wherein the pallet (11) is preferably divided into the two regions and the two regions of the pallet (11), if applicable independently of one another, are capable of manipulation and of being connected with one another.
13. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that at least two groups of core shooters (1) are arranged side by side over corresponding assembly belts (2, 3, 4), and in the region between or adjacent to the assembly belts (2, 3, 4) there are provided transfer stations (14) with manipulators serving for transfer, wherein the additional machine (5) is arranged directly at or close to the transfer station (14) and can thus be associated with the group of preceding or succeeding core shooters (1) each time, and wherein, in the sequence of stacking, the last core shooter (1) each time of a preceding group can be converted to an additional machine (5) for manufacturing a core of any other core shooter (1) and can be used to shoot cores of the core shooters (1) of the following group, or wherein, in the sequence of stacking, the first core shooter (1) each time of a succeeding group can be converted to an additional machine (5) for manufacturing a core of any other core shooter (1) and can be used to shoot cores of the core shooter (1) of the respective preceding group.
14. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterised in that, within each group of core shooters (1), each of the core shooters (1) is convertible to and correspondingly useable as a regular core shooter (1) or an additional machine (5) for manufacture of a core of any other core shooter (1), wherein, in a functional respect, storage spaces for inward and outward transfer of individual cores and/or already stacked or at least partially stacked core stacks can be provided between the groups of core shooters (1), that is, between the assembly belts (2, 3, 4).
15. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that a trimming device (7) is arranged downstream of each core shooter (1) after the removal station (6) in the region upstream of the assembly belt (2).
16. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that a station for quality control (8) is arranged downstream of each core shooter (1) after the removal station (6), preferably after the trimming device (7), in the region upstream of the assembly belt (2).
17. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that a robot (9) or manipulator having at least one gripper (10) is associated preferably with each core shooter (1), the robot (9) serving for removal, further manipulation and for stacking or setting down the shot cores in question.
18. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the cores shooters (1) are each equipped with two shooting heads operating independently of one another and having separate supplies of compressed air and sand, wherein the core shooters (1) arranged side by side, preferably in pairs, and combined to form a group, can be used to shoot cores of the same type.
19. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that cameras (20) for monitoring the pallets or the stacking situation are provided at the setting-down stations (19) of the additional machine (5).
20. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterised in that cameras (20) for monitoring the pallets or the stacking situation on the pallets are provided at the setting-down stations (19) of all core shooters (1).
21. Method of manufacturing casting shells or core stacks, in which, on at least two core shooters, cores of moulding material are shot and consolidated, removed from the core shooters, if applicable machined and jointly assembled to form a core stack, and in which the core shooters are coupled via an assembly belt, in particular for use of an apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterised in that, in the event of failure or maintenance of one of the core shooters, any one of the cores required for stacking can be shot as a substitute using at least one additional machine serving as additional core shooter.

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