EP0949636B1 - Multi-layer conductor with reduced skin-effect - Google Patents

Multi-layer conductor with reduced skin-effect Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0949636B1
EP0949636B1 EP19990400692 EP99400692A EP0949636B1 EP 0949636 B1 EP0949636 B1 EP 0949636B1 EP 19990400692 EP19990400692 EP 19990400692 EP 99400692 A EP99400692 A EP 99400692A EP 0949636 B1 EP0949636 B1 EP 0949636B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
wires
layers
insulating tapes
conductor wires
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP19990400692
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0949636A1 (en
Inventor
José Bezille
Pascal Deguines
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Nexans SA
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Nexans SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/30—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for reducing conductor losses when carrying alternating current, e.g. due to skin effect
    • H01B7/303—Conductors comprising interwire insulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multilayer conductor with skin effect reduced, for power cable, this conductor comprising several layers of wires superimposed conductors and insulating tapes arranged between the different layers of wires.
  • the article "Inter-Layer Insulated Milliken Type Conductor with Low Skin Effect for Power Cables” published in Hitachi Vol. 30 (1981), No. 1, discloses a such conductor with reduced skin effect.
  • the conductor is segmented and includes six sector-shaped segments which are juxtaposed. Each segment has several layers of conductive wires, which are bare conductive wires and whose layers are then separated by insulation between two superimposed layers, or all of which can be enamelled for wire-to-wire and layer-to-layer insulation resultant.
  • the insulation is advantageously constituted by a cellulose paper tape, to satisfy the requirements of high resistance mechanical, high resistance to swelling or solubility, high stability thermal and easy splicing of the conductor and low cost, required for this isolation.
  • the cellulose paper strip allows in particular a splicing or termination of the conductor by compression without it being necessary remove the inter-layer insulating tapes over a certain length beforehand, due to their rupture by compression of the conductor.
  • the debris from the insulating tapes which results from their compression, may cause changes in electrical characteristics expected at the splicing or termination level.
  • this driver does not allow the use of other methods splicing or termination, in particular a welding method such as that known under the Cadwell process, often preferred but requiring by against first removing the inter-layer insulating tape on a certain length at the end of the conductor for correct welding.
  • a welding method such as that known under the Cadwell process
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid the drawbacks of such a known multilayer conductor.
  • a multilayer conductor with reduced skin effect, for power cable comprising several layers of conducting wires superimposed some on the wineskins and insulating tapes between said layers of conductive wires, characterized in that said insulating tapes are laid lengthwise and contain a substantially uniform elongation preload over the length of the driver.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a multilayer conductor 1 and a segment 2 of crossover and multilayer conductors, respectively, which have several layers of conductive wires 3 and insulating tapes 4 each separating one of the layers of wires from another superimposed on the previous one.
  • the layers of superimposed conductive wires are sectoral.
  • the layers of superimposed conductive wires are concentric.
  • Figure 3 schematically illustrates the conductor aforementioned multilayer or the aforementioned segment, in accordance with the present invention. Bare conductive wires and insulating tapes have been designated under the same references 3 and 4 as in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the insulating tapes 4 between the different layers of wires nudes 3 contain an elongation preload, which is substantially uniform over the entire length of the conductor or segment concerned.
  • Each of these ribbons is laid lengthwise on the layer of son that it covers. Its prestress elongation is given by the material of the ribbon chosen in material heat-shrinkable and laid stretched or is given by the material of the ribbon chosen in elastic material and placed under controlled mechanical tension.
  • This elongation preload of the insulating tapes 4 allows each cuts the conductor a controlled and reproducible removal of the insulation tapes the cutting end, as shown schematically by the arrow 5 in this figure 3.
  • the multilayer segment illustrated in FIG. 4 is an embodiment optimized. It has conductive wires, which are wired in sector layers superimposed and are alternately naked and then designated under the reference 3 above and enamelled and then designated under the reference 6 in each of layers, and 4 insulating tapes between the different layers, which are retractable like the insulating tapes 4 of FIG. 3.
  • the bare wires 3 and the wires enamelled 4 were simply distinguished from each other by the hatching in one direction for the former and hatching in another direction for the other.
  • the bare wires 3 and the wires 6 before enameling are wires identical, of the same diameter.
  • the enamel covering the wires 6 increases only very little the diameter of these.
  • the section differences between bare wires 3 and enamelled wires 6 are absorbed in the wiring of the layers of wires.
  • the wiring of the layers of wires is done helically, alternately left and right.
  • the alternation of naked sons and enamelled avoids metal-to-metal contact between wires of the same layer, while the insulating tape 4 avoids metal-to-metal contact between wires of adjacent layers superimposed. It follows that the resulting multilayer conductor is of realization optimized to also have a reduced proximity effect.
  • the multilayer conductor segmented comprises an intermediate ribbon, arranged between two adjacent segments.
  • This intermediate tape can be a retractable insulating tape like the tapes 4 between layers.
  • it may be a conventional insulating tape, that is to say not shrink, in particular in paper, the removal of which over a certain length at the end of the conductor then poses no particular problem due to a slight natural development or easy to obtain terminal portions of segments.
  • this intermediate strip may be a semiconductor strip.
  • the multilayer conductor, segmented or not, produced in accordance with the invention is itself coated with a semiconductor layer preferably helically banded on the peripheral layer of the conductor, for producing an energy cable comprising this conductor.

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  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Description

La présente invention porte sur un conducteur multicouche à effet de peau réduit, pour câble d'énergie, ce conducteur comportant plusieurs couches de fils conducteurs superposées et des rubans isolants disposés entre les différentes couches de fils.The present invention relates to a multilayer conductor with skin effect reduced, for power cable, this conductor comprising several layers of wires superimposed conductors and insulating tapes arranged between the different layers of wires.

L'article "Inter-Layer Insulated Milliken Type Conductor with Low Skin Effect for Power Cables", publié dans la revue Hitachi Vol. 30 (1981), N° 1, divulgue un tel conducteur à effet de peau réduit. Le conducteur est segmenté et comprend six segments en forme de secteur qui sont juxtaposés. Chaque segment comporte plusieurs couches de fils conducteurs, qui sont des fils conducteurs nus et dont les couches sont alors séparées par une isolation entre deux couches superposées, ou qui peuvent être tous émaillés pour une isolation fil à fil et couche à couche résultante.The article "Inter-Layer Insulated Milliken Type Conductor with Low Skin Effect for Power Cables ", published in Hitachi Vol. 30 (1981), No. 1, discloses a such conductor with reduced skin effect. The conductor is segmented and includes six sector-shaped segments which are juxtaposed. Each segment has several layers of conductive wires, which are bare conductive wires and whose layers are then separated by insulation between two superimposed layers, or all of which can be enamelled for wire-to-wire and layer-to-layer insulation resultant.

Dans la réalisation décrite, à couches de fils conducteurs nus et à isolation entre couches adjacentes superposées, l'isolation est avantageusement constituée par un ruban de papier cellulose, pour satisfaire les exigences de haute résistance mécanique, de haute résistance au gonflement ou à la solubilité, de haute stabilité thermique et de facilité d'épissurage du conducteur et de faible coût, requises pour cette isolation. La bande de papier cellulose permet en particulier un épissurage ou une terminaison du conducteur par compression sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'enlever au préalable les rubans isolants inter-couches sur une certaine longueur, du fait de leur rupture par compression du conducteur.In the embodiment described, with layers of bare conductive wires and with insulation between adjacent superimposed layers, the insulation is advantageously constituted by a cellulose paper tape, to satisfy the requirements of high resistance mechanical, high resistance to swelling or solubility, high stability thermal and easy splicing of the conductor and low cost, required for this isolation. The cellulose paper strip allows in particular a splicing or termination of the conductor by compression without it being necessary remove the inter-layer insulating tapes over a certain length beforehand, due to their rupture by compression of the conductor.

Cependant les débris des rubans isolants, qui résultent de leur mise en compression, peuvent entraíner des modifications des caractéristiques électriques escomptées au niveau de l'épissurage ou de la terminaison.However, the debris from the insulating tapes, which results from their compression, may cause changes in electrical characteristics expected at the splicing or termination level.

Par ailleurs, ce conducteur ne permet pas l'utilisation d'autres méthodes d'épissurage ou de terminaison, en particulier une méthode de soudage telle que celle connue sous le procédé Cadwell, souvent préférée mais nécessitant par contre d'ôter au préalable les rubans isolants inter-couches sur une certaine longueur à l'extrémité du conducteur pour un soudage correct. Or une telle opération préalable est longue et délicate, tout particulièrement dans le cas des conducteurs segmentés de fortes sections. En effet, elle nécessite d'épanouir le conducteur pour accéder aux rubans isolants et les sectionner, puis de reconstituer le conducteur en veillant à ce que les couches du conducteur reconstitué soient bien concentriques. Furthermore, this driver does not allow the use of other methods splicing or termination, in particular a welding method such as that known under the Cadwell process, often preferred but requiring by against first removing the inter-layer insulating tape on a certain length at the end of the conductor for correct welding. Now such preliminary operation is long and delicate, especially in the case of segmented conductors of large sections. Indeed, it requires to flourish the conductor to access and cut the insulation tapes, then to reconstitute the conductor ensuring that the layers of the reconstituted conductor are well concentric.

La présente invention a pour but d'éviter les inconvénients d'un tel conducteur multicouche connu.The object of the present invention is to avoid the drawbacks of such a known multilayer conductor.

Elle a pour objet un conducteur multicouche à effet de peau réduit, pour câble d'énergie, comportant plusieurs couches de fils conducteurs superposées les unes sur les outres et des rubans isolants entre lesdites couches de fils conducteurs, caractérisé en ce que lesdits rubans isolants sont posés en long et contiennent une précontrainte d'allongement sensiblement homogène sur la longueur du conducteur.It relates to a multilayer conductor with reduced skin effect, for power cable, comprising several layers of conducting wires superimposed some on the wineskins and insulating tapes between said layers of conductive wires, characterized in that said insulating tapes are laid lengthwise and contain a substantially uniform elongation preload over the length of the driver.

Avantageusement ce conducteur peut aussi présenter au moins l'une des caractéristiques additionnelles suivantes :

  • lesdits rubans isolants sont en matériau élastique et posés sous tension chacun sur la couche de fils conducteurs recouverte par celui-ci,
  • lesdits rubans isolants sont en matériau thermorétractable et posés tendus chacun sur la couche de fils conducteurs recouverte par celui-ci,
  • le conducteur comporte plusieurs segments multicouches ayant une forme de secteur et juxtaposés les uns aux autres, lesdits fils conducteurs étant agencés en couches sectorielles superposées et séparées par lesdits rubans isolants dans chaque segment,
  • lesdits fils conducteurs sont alternativement des fils conducteurs nus et des fils conducteurs émaillés dans chacune desdites couches.
Advantageously, this driver can also have at least one of the following additional characteristics:
  • said insulating tapes are made of elastic material and each placed under tension on the layer of conductive wires covered by it,
  • the said insulating tapes are made of heat-shrinkable material and are laid taut each on the layer of conductive wires covered by it,
  • the conductor comprises several multilayer segments having a sector shape and juxtaposed to one another, said conductive wires being arranged in sectoral layers superposed and separated by said insulating tapes in each segment,
  • said conductive wires are alternately bare conductive wires and enameled conductive wires in each of said layers.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description des exemples de réalisation illustrés dans les dessins ci-annexés.The characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the description of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the attached drawings.

Dans ces dessins :

  • Les figures 1 et 2 sont deux vues en coupe transversale d'un conducteur multicouche et d'un segment de conducteur multicouche, respectivement, du type de ceux visés par la présente invention,
  • La figure 3 est une représentation schématique longitudinale d'un conducteur ou d'un segment de conducteur de structure conforme à celui de la figure 1 ou 2 mais de réalisation adaptée selon la présente invention,
  • La figure 4 est une vue en coupe d'un mode de réalisation optimisée d'un segment de conducteur selon l'invention.
In these drawings:
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are two cross-sectional views of a multilayer conductor and of a segment of multilayer conductor, respectively, of the type of those targeted by the present invention,
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal schematic representation of a conductor or of a conductor segment of structure conforming to that of FIG. 1 or 2 but of an embodiment adapted according to the present invention,
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of an optimized embodiment of a conductor segment according to the invention.

Les figures 1 et 2 montrent un conducteur multicouche 1 et un segment 2 de conducteur multisegment et multicouche, respectivement, qui comportent plusieurs couches de fils conducteurs 3 et des rubans isolants 4 séparant chacun l'une des couches de fils d'une autre superposée sur la précédente. Figures 1 and 2 show a multilayer conductor 1 and a segment 2 of crossover and multilayer conductors, respectively, which have several layers of conductive wires 3 and insulating tapes 4 each separating one of the layers of wires from another superimposed on the previous one.

Ce conducteur multicouche 1, ou celui résultant de l'assemblage jointif des segments tels que le segment 2 et d'une possible isolation intercalaire alors prévue entre segments et analogue à l'isolation réalisée par chaque ruban 4, présente dans ces conditions un effet de peau réduit du fait de l'isolation entre couches de fils et éventuellement entre segments. Dans le segment multicouche de la figure 2, les couches de fils conducteurs superposées sont sectorielles. Dans le conducteur multicouche de la figure 1 les couches de fils conducteurs superposées sont concentriques.This multilayer conductor 1, or that resulting from the joint assembly of segments such as segment 2 and possible interlayer insulation then provided between segments and analogous to the insulation produced by each strip 4, present under these conditions a reduced skin effect due to the insulation between layers of wires and possibly between segments. In the multilayer segment of Figure 2, the layers of superimposed conductive wires are sectoral. In the conductor multilayer of Figure 1 the layers of superimposed conductive wires are concentric.

La figure 3 illustre schématiquement la réalisation du conducteur multicouche précité ou du segment précité, conformément à la présente invention. On y a désigné les fils conducteurs nus et les rubans isolants sous les mêmes références 3 et 4 que dans les figures 1 et 2.Figure 3 schematically illustrates the conductor aforementioned multilayer or the aforementioned segment, in accordance with the present invention. Bare conductive wires and insulating tapes have been designated under the same references 3 and 4 as in Figures 1 and 2.

Selon l'invention les rubans isolants 4 entre les différentes couches de fils nus 3 contiennent une précontrainte d'allongement, qui est sensiblement homogène sur toute la longueur du conducteur ou du segment concerné. Chacun de ces rubans est posé en long sur la couche de fils qu'il recouvre. Sa précontrainte d'allongement est donnée par le matériau du ruban choisi en matériau thermorétractable et posé tendu ou est donnée par le matériau du ruban choisi en matériau élastique et posé sous tension mécanique contrôlée.According to the invention the insulating tapes 4 between the different layers of wires nudes 3 contain an elongation preload, which is substantially uniform over the entire length of the conductor or segment concerned. Each of these ribbons is laid lengthwise on the layer of son that it covers. Its prestress elongation is given by the material of the ribbon chosen in material heat-shrinkable and laid stretched or is given by the material of the ribbon chosen in elastic material and placed under controlled mechanical tension.

Cette précontrainte d'allongement des rubans isolants 4 permet à chaque coupe du conducteur un retrait contrôlé et reproductible des rubans isolants de l'extrémité de coupe, ainsi que schématisé par la flèche 5 dans cette figure 3.This elongation preload of the insulating tapes 4 allows each cuts the conductor a controlled and reproducible removal of the insulation tapes the cutting end, as shown schematically by the arrow 5 in this figure 3.

Lors de l'utilisation de rubans isolants en matériau thermorétractable, ce retrait des rubans résulte de chauffage et avantageusement de celui qui leur est transmis directement par l'outil de coupe au cours de la coupe du conducteur. Cette coupe du conducteur porte les portions terminales des rubans coupés à une température d'une centaine de degrés environ, pour laquelle les rubans thermorétractables se sont rétractés à l'extrémité du conducteur coupé. Ces rubans thermorétractables sont posés tendus en long, pour leur retrait contrôlé et suffisant.When using heat-shrinkable insulation tapes, this removal of the ribbons results from heating and advantageously that which is due to them transmitted directly by the cutting tool during the cutting of the conductor. This cut of the conductor brings the terminal portions of the cut tapes to a temperature of about a hundred degrees, for which the ribbons shrink wrapped at the end of the cut conductor. These ribbons heat-shrinkable are laid stretched long, for their controlled and sufficient shrinkage.

Lors de l'utilisation de rubans isolants en matériau élastique, ce retrait des rubans résulte directement de leurs propriétés élastiques et de leur tension de pose en long lors du câblage.When using insulating tapes of elastic material, this removal of tapes result directly from their elastic properties and their laying tension lengthwise when wiring.

Ce retrait des rubans permet avantageusement d'adopter une méthode de soudage pour l'épissure de conducteurs multicouches ou une terminaison de conducteur, aussi bien que toute autre méthode telle que la méthode de compression This removal of the ribbons advantageously makes it possible to adopt a method of soldering for splicing multilayer conductors or termination of conductor, as well as any other method such as the method of compression

Le segment multicouche illustré dans la figure 4 est de réalisation optimisée. Il comporte des fils conducteurs, qui sont câblés en couches sectorielles superposées et sont alternativement nus et alors désignés sous la référence 3 précitée et émaillés et alors désignés sous la référence 6 dans chacune des couches, et des rubans isolants 4 entre les différentes couches, qui sont rétractables comme les rubans isolants 4 de la figure 3. Les fils nus 3 et les fils émaillés 4 ont simplement été distingués les uns des autres par les hachures dans un sens pour les premiers et des hachures dans un autre sens pour les autres.The multilayer segment illustrated in FIG. 4 is an embodiment optimized. It has conductive wires, which are wired in sector layers superimposed and are alternately naked and then designated under the reference 3 above and enamelled and then designated under the reference 6 in each of layers, and 4 insulating tapes between the different layers, which are retractable like the insulating tapes 4 of FIG. 3. The bare wires 3 and the wires enamelled 4 were simply distinguished from each other by the hatching in one direction for the former and hatching in another direction for the other.

Avantageusement les fils nus 3 et les fils 6 avant émaillage sont des fils identiques, de même diamètre. L'émaillage recouvrant les fils 6 n'accroít que très peu le diamètre de ceux-ci. Les différences de section entre fils nus 3 et fils émaillés 6 sont absorbées au câblage des couches de fils.Advantageously, the bare wires 3 and the wires 6 before enameling are wires identical, of the same diameter. The enamel covering the wires 6 increases only very little the diameter of these. The section differences between bare wires 3 and enamelled wires 6 are absorbed in the wiring of the layers of wires.

On note en outre que le câblage des couches de fils est fait hélicoïdalement, alternativement à gauche et droit. L'alternance des fils nus et émaillés évite un contact métal à métal entre fils de la même couche, alors que les rubans isolants 4 évite un contact métal à métal entre fils des couches adjacentes superposées. Il s'ensuit que le conducteur multicouche résultant est de réalisation optimisée pour présenter aussi un effet de proximité réduit.We also note that the wiring of the layers of wires is done helically, alternately left and right. The alternation of naked sons and enamelled avoids metal-to-metal contact between wires of the same layer, while the insulating tape 4 avoids metal-to-metal contact between wires of adjacent layers superimposed. It follows that the resulting multilayer conductor is of realization optimized to also have a reduced proximity effect.

On précise aussi, bien que non représenté, que le conducteur multicouche segmenté comporte un ruban intercalaire, disposé entre deux segments adjacents. Ce ruban intercalaire peut être un ruban isolant rétractable comme les rubans 4 entre couches. En variante, il peut être un ruban isolant classique, c'est-à-dire non rétractable, en particulier en papier, dont l'enlèvement sur une certaine longueur à l'extrémité du conducteur ne pose alors aucun problème particulier du fait d'un léger épanouissement naturel ou aisé à obtenir des portions terminales des segments. En variante encore ce ruban intercalaire peut être un ruban semiconducteur.It is also specified, although not shown, that the multilayer conductor segmented comprises an intermediate ribbon, arranged between two adjacent segments. This intermediate tape can be a retractable insulating tape like the tapes 4 between layers. As a variant, it may be a conventional insulating tape, that is to say not shrink, in particular in paper, the removal of which over a certain length at the end of the conductor then poses no particular problem due to a slight natural development or easy to obtain terminal portions of segments. As a further variant, this intermediate strip may be a semiconductor strip.

On précise également que le conducteur multicouche segmenté ou non, réalisé conformément à l'invention, est lui-même revêtu d'une couche semiconductrice de préférence rubanée hélicoïdalement sur la couche périphérique du conducteur, pour la réalisation d'un câble d'énergie comportant ce conducteur.It is also specified that the multilayer conductor, segmented or not, produced in accordance with the invention, is itself coated with a semiconductor layer preferably helically banded on the peripheral layer of the conductor, for producing an energy cable comprising this conductor.

Claims (6)

  1. Multilayer conductor with low skin effect, for power cable, comprising several layers of conductor wires superimposed on one another and insulating tapes between said layers of conductor wires, characterized in that said insulating tapes (4) are laid lengthwise and contain an elongation pre-stress substantially homogeneous over the length of the conductor.
  2. Conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that said insulating tapes (4) are in elastic material each one being laid under tensioning on the layer of conductor wires (3,6) it covers.
  3. Conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that said insulating tapes (4) are in heat-shrink material each one being laid taut on the layer of conductor wires (3,6) it covers.
  4. Conductor according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises several multilayer segments (2) of sectional shape and juxtaposed next to one another, said conductor wires (3,6) being arranged in superimposed sectional layers and separated by said insulating tapes (4) in each segment.
  5. Conductor according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said conductor wires are alternately bare conductor wires (3) and enamelled conductor wires (6) in each of said layers.
  6. Conductor according to claim 5, characterized in that said conductor wires (3,6) are substantially of same diameter.
EP19990400692 1998-04-09 1999-03-22 Multi-layer conductor with reduced skin-effect Expired - Lifetime EP0949636B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9804431A FR2777383B1 (en) 1998-04-09 1998-04-09 MULTILAYER CONDUCTOR WITH REDUCED SKIN EFFECT
FR9804431 1998-04-09

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EP0949636A1 EP0949636A1 (en) 1999-10-13
EP0949636B1 true EP0949636B1 (en) 2003-12-17

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DE102008031337B3 (en) * 2008-07-02 2010-04-01 Nkt Cables Gmbh Electric sector conductor label of the Millikentyp
DE102008045553A1 (en) 2008-09-03 2010-03-04 Dürr Systems GmbH Painting device and associated method

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GB724337A (en) * 1952-04-14 1955-02-16 Sumitomo Electric Industries High frequency electric conductor
DE19520587A1 (en) * 1995-06-06 1996-12-12 Siemens Ag AC cable with two concentric conductor arrangements made of stranded single conductors

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EP0949636A1 (en) 1999-10-13
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