EP0948089B1 - Elektrischer Verbinder - Google Patents

Elektrischer Verbinder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0948089B1
EP0948089B1 EP99106049A EP99106049A EP0948089B1 EP 0948089 B1 EP0948089 B1 EP 0948089B1 EP 99106049 A EP99106049 A EP 99106049A EP 99106049 A EP99106049 A EP 99106049A EP 0948089 B1 EP0948089 B1 EP 0948089B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connector
terminals
retaining means
enclosure
connection direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99106049A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0948089A3 (de
EP0948089A2 (de
Inventor
Pier Carlo Bigotto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FCI SA
Original Assignee
Framatome Connectors International SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Framatome Connectors International SAS filed Critical Framatome Connectors International SAS
Publication of EP0948089A2 publication Critical patent/EP0948089A2/de
Publication of EP0948089A3 publication Critical patent/EP0948089A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0948089B1 publication Critical patent/EP0948089B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/40—Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
    • H01R13/42—Securing in a demountable manner
    • H01R13/436—Securing a plurality of contact members by one locking piece or operation
    • H01R13/4364—Insertion of locking piece from the front

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric connector, and in particular to an electric connector of the type supporting a number of male electric terminals connected to respective electric cables.
  • Connectors of the above type are known from US-A-525 208, which comprise an insulating enclosure defining a number of cavities having respective axes parallel to the connection direction of the connector to a complementary connector, and for housing the terminals, which are retained inside the cavities by primary retaining means.
  • Such connectors also comprise a secondary retaining device for determining correct insertion and further ensuring retention of the terminals inside the respective cavities.
  • the device normally comprises a movable plate fittable in a closed position to the front of the enclosure in said connection direction, and having a number of through seats engaged in sliding manner by respective contact portions of the terminals, which project from the plate in said closed position.
  • the movable plate can only be fitted to the enclosure when all the terminals are correctly inserted and retained inside the respective cavities by the primary retaining means, which are normally defined by an elastically deformable lance forming part of the enclosure. In the event of incorrect or incomplete insertion of any one of the terminals, the primary retaining means remain deformed, thus preventing assembly of the movable plate and enabling detection of the fault.
  • the contact portions of the male terminals are often housed inside a hollow front portion of the enclosure, which is a possible receptacle for dust and dirt, which may impair electrical contact between the male and corresponding female terminals.
  • an electric connector comprising:
  • Number 1 in Figures 1 to 6 indicates as a whole an electric connector in accordance with the present invention.
  • connector 1 is fittable to a substantially flat wall 2, and is connectable, in a lock position and in a direction A perpendicular to wall 2, to a complementary electric connector 1' (shown schematically by the dash line in Figures 2 and 5) to define a "fit-through" electric connecting unit for connecting electric devices (not shown) located 'on opposite sides of wall 2.
  • Connector 1 comprises a substantially cylindrical insulating enclosure 3 having an axis B parallel to direction A, and defining a number of transverse rows of longitudinal cavities 4 having respective axes parallel to direction A and to axis B, and for receiving respective male blade-type electric terminals 5 (only one shown in Figures 2 to 6) connected to respective electric cables 6 (only one shown partly in Figures 2, 3 and 5) and retained inside cavities 4 by known primary retaining means described later on. More specifically, enclosure 3 defines six rows of cavities 4 : two central rows, each defined by eight cavities; two end rows located on opposite sides of the central rows and each defined by three cavities; and two intermediate rows, each interposed between a respective central row and a respective end row and defined by six cavities.
  • Enclosure 3 engages a circular through hole 8 formed in wall 2, and is connected to wall 2 as follows.
  • enclosure 3 comprises an outer annular flange 9 which, in use, rests against wall 2; a pair of elastic retaining lances 10 spaced angularly about axis B and which click onto a peripheral edge 11 of hole 8 to secure enclosure 3 axially to wall 2; and a number of radial projections 12 which engage respective seats (not shown) formed in peripheral edge 11 to prevent connector 1 from rotating either way with respect to wall 2.
  • Enclosure 3 comprises a rear portion 14 having cavities 4 for terminals 5, and from which flange 9, lances 10 and projections 12 extend outwards; and a hollow front portion 15 projecting axially from hole 8, on the opposite side to flange 9, and which communicates with cavities 4 and defines a substantially parallelepiped recess 16 for housing a correspondingly-shaped portion 16' of complementary connector 1'.
  • each terminal 5 comprises a box-shaped intermediate portion 20 having a retaining seat 21 for the primary retaining means; a blade-type contact portion 22 projecting frontwards from intermediate portion 20 and which mates with a corresponding female -electric terminal 5' (shown schematically by the dash line in Figures 2 and 5) of connector 1'; and a rear portion 23 for connection to an electric cable 6.
  • Each terminal 5 is inserted inside respective cavity 4 through a rear opening 24 of the cavity formed in a rear wall 18 of portion 14 of enclosure 3, so that contact portions 22 projects axially inside recess 16 through a front opening 25 of cavity 4 formed in an end wall 19 of recess 16 opposite wall 18.
  • cables 6 project from portion 14 of enclosure 3 through respective openings 24.
  • the primary retaining means comprise, for each terminal 5, an elastic lance 26, which projects inside respective cavity 4, substantially in direction A and towards front opening 25, from a partition 27 separating the respective row of cavities 4 from the adjacent row.
  • lance 26 On the surface facing inwards of cavity 4, lance 26 comprises a tooth 28 substantially in the form of a rectangular trapezium, and which clicks onto retaining seat 21 of respective terminal 5.
  • tooth 28 permits insertion of terminal 5, which, sliding along an oblique side of tooth 28 facing opening 24, deforms lance 26 elastically towards partition 27.
  • terminal 5 is inserted fully inside cavity 4 ( Figures 2 to 4)
  • lance 26 -springs back into the undeformed position by tooth 28 clicking inside retaining seat 21 of terminal 5 to define, with a side of the tooth perpendicular to axis B and opposite the oblique side, a stop preventing withdrawal of terminal 5.
  • Connector 1 also comprises a secondary retaining device for retaining terminals 5 and indicated as a whole by 30 ( Figures 7 and 8).
  • Device 30 comprises a first plate 31 formed separately from enclosure 3, and which is fitted, in direction A, to the front of enclosure 3 in a closed position ( Figures 2, 5 and 6) to determine correct insertion of terminals 5 inside respective cavities 4 and prevent withdrawal of the terminals.
  • plate 31 has a substantially convex rectangular peripheral edge 32 defined by two straight parallel sides 33, and by two curved, outwardly-convex sides 34 connecting respective opposite ends of sides 33.
  • Plate 31 is insertable frontally inside recess 16 of front portion 15 of enclosure 3, and comprises, integrally, a number of wedges 40 - one for each row of cavities 4 - projecting longitudinally from plate 31, and each of which is insertable inside the respective row of cavities 4, between lances 26 and respective wall 27 from which lances 26 originate, so as to prevent deformation of lances 26 ( Figures 2 to 8).
  • Plate 31 also comprises a number of through seats 41, which, in use, are aligned with respective cavities 4 and engaged in sliding manner by contact portions. 22 of terminals 5. More specifically, seats 41 are arranged in a number of transverse rows corresponding to rows of cavities 4.
  • device 30 comprises a second plate 42 having a number of transverse rows of through seats 43 for contact portions 22 of respective terminals 5; and a pair of connecting members 44 for connecting plates 31 and 42 facing each other and so as to move, with respect to each other in direction A, between a first work configuration ( Figures 3 to 7) in which plates 31, 42 are parallel and a given distance apart, and a second work configuration ( Figure 2) in which plates 31, 42 are gripped together by the thrust exerted by complementary electric connector 1' engaging connector 1.
  • connecting members 44 extend parallel to direction A and axis B, and are located at opposite ends of one of the diagonals of plate 31.
  • Each connecting member 44 comprises a substantially triangular-section first bar 45 projecting from a respective vertex portion of plate 31 in the opposite direction to wedges 40, and having towards the other connecting member 44, a V-shaped longitudinal slot 46; and a substantially triangular-section second bar 47 projecting from plate 42 and engaging in sliding manner slot 46.
  • plate 42 has a peripheral edge 48 similar to peripheral edge 32 of plate 31 and which mainly differs from edge 32 by comprising, at bars 45, a pair of L-shaped recesses 49 enabling bars 45 to slide beyond plate 42 in said first and second work configurations of device 30; and a respective bar 47 extends over one of the sides of each recess 49, and projects, in direction A, with respect to and from both sides of plate 42.
  • Slot 46 of each bar 45 comes out at the front, on the wedge 40 side, through a substantially triangular through opening 50 formed in plate 31 and which is engaged in sliding manner by respective bar 47 as plates 31 and 42 are gripped together.
  • Slot 46 of each bar 45 is defined, on the opposite side of opening 50, by a rear edge 51, which, as explained in detail later on, defines a one-way stop for respective bar 47 of plate 42, and therefore defines the first work configuration of plates 31 and 42.
  • Device 30 also comprises a pair of flexible blades 52, which project from respective opposite sides 33 of plate 31, extend along sides 33 and towards plate 42, and are deformed elastically on contacting plate 42. More specifically, blades 52 extend from plate 31 close to respective bars 45 so as to define, when viewed from the side, an X-shaped cross.
  • blades 52 are bent slightly between plates 31 and 42 and exert an elastic reaction on plate 42 to bring the rear ends of bars 47 into contact with respective rear edges 51 of respective slots 46.
  • Portion 15 of enclosure 3 also comprises, inside recess 16, three longitudinal ribs 53, 54 ( Figure 1), which are parallel to direction A, have rounded outer edges, and provide for guiding device 30 in direction A. More specifically, two (53) of the ribs engage respective slots 55 formed in bars 45 on the opposite side to slots 46, while the third rib (54) engages respective U-shaped grooves 56 formed in peripheral edges 32, 48 of respective plates 31, 42.
  • plate 31 also comprises a pair of elastic retaining lances 58 projecting, on the wedge 40 side, from respective vertex portions of plate 31 from which bars 45 substantially extend, and each having a tooth 59 which clicks onto a respective pair of teeth 60, 61 carried by portion 14 of enclosure 3 to respectively define a preassembly position and a full-assembly position of device 30 inside enclosure 3.
  • teeth 60, 61 in each pair are formed in a respective lateral recess 62 of portion 14 of enclosure 3, are located successively in direction A from wall 19 towards wall 18, are offset crosswise to direction A, and have a profile substantially in the form of a rectangular trapezium with the oblique side facing recess 16.
  • Tooth 59 of each lance 58 has a profile substantially in the form of a rectangular trapezium with the oblique side facing wall 18 of enclosure 3, is of such a width as to interact simultaneously with both respective teeth 60, 61, and clicks between teeth 60, 61 to define the preassembly position of device 30 ( Figures 3 and 4), or behind tooth 61 towards wall 18 to define the full-assembly position of device 30 ( Figures 5 and 6).
  • plate 31 of device 30 in the first work configuration is detached from wall 19 so that wedges 40 do not interact with lances 26, and contact portions 22 of terminals 5 are engaged exclusively in respective seats 41 of plate 31.
  • device 30 In the full-assembly position, device 30, still in the first work configuration, is positioned with plate 31 resting against wall 19 in the closed position, so that contact portions 22 of terminals 5 are engaged in respective seats 43 of both plates 31, 42, and are therefore supported by the plates.
  • plate 42 comprises a number of substantially triangular-section transverse strengthening ribs 63 extending perpendicular to direction A, located at respective rows of seats 43, and projecting from the face of plate 42 facing plate 31.
  • ribs 63 of plate 42 engage respective complementary-shaped transverse grooves 64 formed on the face of plate 31 facing plate 42.
  • Connector 1 is assembled as described below, commencing from an initial condition in which plates 31 and 42 of device 30, in the first work configuration, are housed inside recess 16 of enclosure 3 in the preassembly position, and terminals 5 are housed inside respective cavities 4.
  • wedges 40 of plate 31 may all be moved into the closed position and device 30 'into the full-assembly position, thus 'enabling connection of connector 1 and complementary connector 1'.
  • portion 16' of connector 1' is inserted inside recess 16 of connector 1, portion 16' pushes and grips plate 42 to plate 31 in direction A, thus flexing blades 52.
  • female terminals 5' of connector 1' mate with contact portions 22 of respective male terminals 5, which are maintained in the correct connection position by being supported by both plates 31 and 42.
  • the second work configuration of plates 31, 42 corresponds to the lock position of connectors 1 and 1'.
  • plate 42 defines an additional front support for contact portions 22 of terminals 5 during connection to corresponding female terminals 5' of connector 1', thus preventing accidental deformation of contact portions 22, and is gripped to plate 31, i.e. constitutes no noticeable increase in overall size, in the lock position of connectors 1, 1', i.e. when said supporting action is no longer required.
  • plate 42 in the full-assembly position of plates 31 and 42, plate 42 "closes" the front of recess 16 to keep out dust and dirt.

Landscapes

  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Elektrischer Verbinder (1), der aufweist:
    ein isolierendes Gehäuse (3), das mehrere Hohlräume (4) definiert, die elektrische Steckerklemmen (5) aufnehmen und deren Achsen parallel zu einer Verbindungsrichtung (A) des Verbinders (1) mit einem komplementären Verbinder (1') liegen;
    primäre Rückhalteeinrichtungen (26) für den Halt der Klemmen (5) innerhalb der jeweiligen Hohlräume (4) und zur Verhinderung des Herausziehens der Klemmen; und
    sekundäre Rückhalteeinrichtungen (30), die mindestens ein erstes Bauelement (31) aufweisen, das sich in einer geschlossenen Stellung in das Gehäuse (3) in der Verbindungsrichtung (A) einpaßt und in dieser geschlossenen Stellung mit den primären Rückhalteeinrichtungen (26) zusammenwirkt, um eine korrekte Einführung zu bestimmen und die Freigabe der Klemmen (5) durch die primären Rückhalteeinrichtungen zu verhindern; wobei das erste Bauelement (31) mehrere erste Durchgangssitze (41) aufweist, in die sich jeweilige Kontaktabschnitte (22) der Klemmen (5) gleitend einfügen;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die sekundären Rückhalteeinrichtungen (30) ein zweites Bauelement (42), das mehrere zweite Durchgangssitze (43) für die Kontaktabschnitte (22) der Klemmen (5) besitzt, und eine Verbindungseinrichtung (44) zur Verbindung der einander gegenüberliegenden ersten und zweiten Bauelemente (31, 42) aufweisen, derart, daß sie sich in bezug aufeinander und in der Verbindungsrichtung (A) zwischen einer ersten Betriebskonfiguration, in der das erste und das zweite Bauelement (31, 42) parallel und in einem bestimmten Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind, und einer zweiten Betriebskonfiguration bewegen, in der das erste und das zweite Bauelement (31, 42) durch den vom in den Verbinder (1) eindringenden, komplementären Verbinder (1') ausgeübten Stoß zusammengeklammert werden.
  2. Verbinder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungseinrichtungen (44) Führungseinrichtungen (45), die von einem der ersten und zweiten Bauelemente (31, 42) getragen werden und sich parallel zur Verbindungsrichtung (A) erstrecken, und Einführeinrichtungen (47) aufweisen, die vom anderen der ersten und zweiten Bauelemente (31, 42) getragen werden und gleitend mit der Führungseinrichtung (45) verbunden sind.
  3. Verbinder nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste und das zweite Bauelement (31, 42) durch Platten definiert werden, die senkrecht zur Verbindungsrichtung (A) liegen, und daß die Führungseinrichtungen mehrere erste Stangen (45) aufweisen, die von einem der ersten und zweiten Bauelemente (31, 42) vorstehen und sich parallel zur Verbindungsrichtung (A) erstrecken.
  4. Verbinder nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Stangen (45) Längsschlitze (46) aufweisen und daß die Einführeinrichtungen mehrere zweite Stangen (47) aufweisen, die entlang dieser Schlitze (46) gleiten.
  5. Verbinder nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste Bauelemente (31) wechselseitig wirkende Mittel (40) aufweist, die mit den primären Rückhalteeinrichtungen (26) zusammenwirken, und daß die Führungseinrichtungen (45) vom ersten Bauelement (31) auf der den wechselseitig wirkenden Mitteln (40) entgegengesetzten Seite getragen werden.
  6. Verbinder nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die sekundären Rückhalteeinrichtungen (30) elastische Mittel (52), die zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Bauelement (31, 42) angeordnet sind, und Einweg-Anschlagmittel (51) aufweisen, die auf das zweite Bauelement (42) entgegengesetzt zu den elastischen Mitteln (52) einwirken, um das zweite Bauelement (42) in der ersten Betriebskonfiguration in dem gegebenen Abstand zum ersten Bauelement (31) zu halten.
  7. Verbinder nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elastischen Mittel ein Paar von elastischen Lamellen (52) aufweisen, die von entgegengesetzten Seiten eines der ersten und zweiten Bauelemente (31, 42) vorstehen.
  8. Verbinder nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elastischen Lamellen (52) so angeordnet sind, daß sie von der Seite gesehen ein X-förmiges Kreuz bilden.
  9. Verbinder nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlagmittel (51) von den Schlitzen (46) der ersten Stangen (45) getragen werden.
  10. Verbinder nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlagmittel für jede zweite Stange (47) eine Querendkante (51) des Schlitzes (46) aufweisen.
  11. Verbinder nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (3) einen rückwärtigen Abschnitt (14), der die Hohlräume (4) für die Klemmen (5) definiert, und einen hohlen Stirnabschnitt (15) aufweist, der mit den Hohlräumen (4) in Verbindung steht und die Kontaktabschnitte (22) der Klemmen (5) aufnimmt und eine Vertiefung (16) zur Aufnahme des komplementären Verbinders (1') definiert, wobei das erste und das zweite Bauelement (31, 42) in der ersten Betriebskonfiguration innerhalb der Vertiefung (16) des Gehäuses (3) zwischen einer Vormontagestellung, in der das erste Bauelement (31) nicht mit den primären Rückhalteeinrichtungen (26) zusammenwirkt, und einer Vollmontagestellung verschiebbar sind, in der das erste Bauelement (31) in der geschlossenen Stellung ist und zusammen mit dem zweiten Bauelement (42) die Kontaktabschnitte (22) der Klemmen (5) trägt, wobei das erste und das zweite Bauelement (31, 42) aus der Vollmontagestellung und durch den vom in den Verbinder (1) eindringenden komplementären Verbinder (1') ausgeübten Stoß in die zweite Betriebskonfiguration gebracht werden können.
  12. Verbinder nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er Rückhalteeinrichtungen (58, 59, 60, 61) aufweist, die zwischen die sekundären Rückhalteeinrichtungen (30) und das Gehäuse (3) zwischengeschoben sind und die Vormontagestellung und die Vollmontagestellung des ersten und des zweiten Bauelements (31, 42) definieren.
  13. Verbinder nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückhalteeinrichtungen mindestens einen ersten und einen zweiten Zahn (60, 61), die vom Gehäuse (3) getragen werden und nacheinander in der Verbindungsrichtung (A) angeordnet sind, und mindestens eine elastische Lanze (58) aufweisen, die vom ersten Bauelement (31) getragen wird und einen dritten Zahn (59) aufweist, der zwischen den ersten und den zweiten Zahn (60, 61) einrastet, um die Vormontagestellung der sekundären Rückhalteeinrichtungen (30) zu definieren, und hinter den zweiten Zahn (61) einrastet, um die Vollmontagestellung der sekundären Rückhalteeinrichtungen (30) zu definieren.
EP99106049A 1998-03-31 1999-03-25 Elektrischer Verbinder Expired - Lifetime EP0948089B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT98TO000288A ITTO980288A1 (it) 1998-03-31 1998-03-31 Connettore elettrico.
ITTO980288 1998-03-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0948089A2 EP0948089A2 (de) 1999-10-06
EP0948089A3 EP0948089A3 (de) 2000-06-28
EP0948089B1 true EP0948089B1 (de) 2002-09-11

Family

ID=11416654

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99106049A Expired - Lifetime EP0948089B1 (de) 1998-03-31 1999-03-25 Elektrischer Verbinder

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0948089B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE224110T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69902836T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2182421T3 (de)
IT (1) ITTO980288A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2814863B1 (fr) * 2000-10-02 2005-01-21 Fci Automotive France Grille de protection de contacts a fiches dans un module de connecteur electrique
JP2003045572A (ja) * 2001-08-03 2003-02-14 Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd コネクタ
DE10320460B4 (de) * 2002-05-28 2006-12-14 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Elektrische Steckverbindung
JP2004355969A (ja) * 2003-05-29 2004-12-16 Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd コネクタ
KR100858755B1 (ko) * 2006-11-20 2008-09-16 에프씨아이 커넥터즈 싱가포르 피티이 엘티디. 전기 커넥터 및 커넥터 조립체
US7670177B2 (en) * 2008-06-17 2010-03-02 Tyco Electronics Corporation Electrical connector having floating alignment member
US9054454B2 (en) * 2013-06-28 2015-06-09 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Electrical connector with a terminal stabilizer having an integrally formed arcuate resilient spring member
JP6187401B2 (ja) * 2014-06-27 2017-08-30 住友電装株式会社 コネクタ及び検査治具

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5252088A (en) * 1992-10-05 1993-10-12 General Motors Corporation Sealed pass through electrical connector
FR2728396A1 (fr) * 1994-12-19 1996-06-21 Framatome Connectors Int Connecteur a verrouillage des bornes par grille

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2182421T3 (es) 2003-03-01
ATE224110T1 (de) 2002-09-15
EP0948089A3 (de) 2000-06-28
EP0948089A2 (de) 1999-10-06
DE69902836T2 (de) 2003-04-30
DE69902836D1 (de) 2002-10-17
ITTO980288A1 (it) 1999-10-01

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