EP0946868B1 - Procede de diagnostic electrique d'une sonde a oxygene d'un moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents
Procede de diagnostic electrique d'une sonde a oxygene d'un moteur a combustion interne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0946868B1 EP0946868B1 EP97951321A EP97951321A EP0946868B1 EP 0946868 B1 EP0946868 B1 EP 0946868B1 EP 97951321 A EP97951321 A EP 97951321A EP 97951321 A EP97951321 A EP 97951321A EP 0946868 B1 EP0946868 B1 EP 0946868B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- probe
- engine
- voltage value
- oxygen probe
- richness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1473—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation method
- F02D41/1475—Regulating the air fuel ratio at a value other than stoichiometry
- F02D41/1476—Biasing of the sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1493—Details
- F02D41/1495—Detection of abnormalities in the air/fuel ratio feedback system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method electrical diagnostic of an oxygen sensor of lambda type mounted on the exhaust line of a internal combustion engine.
- the present invention relates more particularly to the diagnosis of lambda probe fitted to the exhaust line internal combustion engine powered with fuel mixtures of suitable wealth and especially with poor mixtures.
- Internal combustion engines are conventionally equipped with an electronic command that adjusts, from strategies preprogrammed and according to the conditions of engine operation, amount of fuel injected and the instant of ignition for engines with controlled ignition.
- Some engines are powered today with a fuel mixture whose richness is adapted to engine operating conditions and which are notably supplied with a lean mixture (lean burn) during the operating phases in partial load.
- the oxygen sensors arranged on the line engine exhaust. These sensors have function of informing the electronic system of control over the actual oxygen concentration in the exhaust gases.
- diagnostic means are to cause, when an element fails acting on the level of engine pollution, i.e. activation of degraded operating modes and / or the lighting of an indicator on the dashboard warning the driver (regulations little severe), i.e. the implementation of measures corrective, or even stopping the vehicle (strict regulations).
- OEMs and builders automobiles have therefore developed a number of technical devices for diagnosing the malfunctions of the sensors fitted to the engines in general and oxygen sensors in particular.
- this process is not of general application because it does not allow diagnose the electrical connection of a probe to oxygen type lambda, which indicates only one state rich or poor compared to stoichiometry (or richness 1), when such a probe is positioned downstream of a catalytic converter of treatment accelerating reactions in particular oxidation of exhaust gases.
- Such downstream positioning of an oxygen sensor is used to control the operation of the catalytic converter or for operate a so-called "double loop" regulation when engine operating conditions require to operate with a mixture stoichiometric, such as idle, etc.
- oxidation catalytic converter intended to accelerate oxidation reactions
- oxidation catalytic converter (being understood that such a pot is not limited to the single accelerating oxidation reactions and that it can also accelerate reduction reactions as in the case of three-way pots (called selective or trifunctional) to one or more beds), have a relatively oxygen content stable due to chemical conversions, so that the signal from a lambda oxygen sensor arranged downstream of this pot does not switch between values voltage extremes corresponding to "rich" states or “poor” only over relatively long periods long, the simple observation of non-tilting of the probe on either side of the voltage of polarization therefore does not allow to diagnose the state of the electrical connection.
- the object of the invention is therefore to remedy to the disadvantages of the prior art by proposing an electrical diagnostic process according to claim 1.
- measuring the voltage level of the signal from the oxygen sensor in the predetermined operating conditions of the engine is only observed after a period of adapted timing.
- FIG. 1 we see a internal combustion engine in particular intended to equip a motor vehicle.
- This engine is a four-stroke multi-cylinder engine, of the type direct injection and controlled ignition operating according to several wealth values and especially in a poor mixture.
- the present invention is not limited to an engine with direct injection and can also be applied to an indirect injection engine provided that last works according to several values of richness and in particular in poor mixture.
- the illustrated motor conventionally comprises an air intake circuit 3 provided with a flap 4 of butterfly type to adjust the quantity intake air and an idle bypass circuit cooperating with a control valve 5.
- Fuel injection takes place directly in each combustion chamber 12 thanks to a electro-injector 2 housed in the cylinder head of the engine and opening into the roof of bedroom 12.
- a spark plug ignition system 6 ensures initiation of combustion of the fuel mixture previously compressed in the cylinders of the engine.
- the burnt gases are released to the atmosphere through an exhaust line 10 fitted with a catalytic converter 13 intended in particular to treat with oxidation polluting gases and more particularly unburnt HC and carbon monoxide CO and, from a catalytic converter 19 of treatment of polluting gases and more particularly nitrogen oxides NOx by reduction.
- the catalytic converter 19 also called NOx trap has more particularly the function of store the nitrogen oxides produced, especially during lean mixture operating phases and to regularly operate their catalytic conversion in the presence of hydrocarbon during phases of rich mixture operation.
- each electro-injector 2 as well as the advance when the candles are ignited 6 or still opening the control valve idle 5 are directly controlled by a electronic control system or computer injection 7.
- injection computer 7 are memorized formulas and parameters fundamental for optimal engine tuning, these parameters being obtained before the bench engine test. These are in particular the parameters concerning the injection start time or phase fuel injection time, the opening time of injectors 2 which corresponds to an amount of fuel injected and therefore a wealth of fuel mixture filling the chambers with combustion 12, or even the ignition phase candles 6, etc.
- the injection computer 7 consists of basically a microprocessor or unit central CPU, RAM, memory dead ROMs, analog-to-digital converters A / D, and different input interfaces and outings.
- the computer microprocessor 7 has electronic circuits and appropriate software to handle signals from different sensors adapted, deduce the states of the engine and set implement predefined operations in order to generate the appropriate control signals for destination in particular of injectors and coils ignition.
- the opening time Ti of the injectors determining the dosage of the quantity of fuel injected and the richness of the fuel mixture filling each combustion chamber 12 is adapted according to the operating conditions of the motor, for example from values predefined stored as maps pressure / speed in the device memories engine control electronics 7. Values theoretical of the duration of injections read are then modulated by corrective parameters depending in particular on the air temperature, the water temperature, battery voltage, accelerations, clicking, etc., as well as by the output signal from the oxygen probes 14 and 15.
- Oxygen sensors 14 and 15 are connected via a connecting wire at a specific input / output stage of the injection computer 7.
- the second probe 15 disposed downstream of the pot catalytic 13 is a nonlinear type probe or lambda, set to the corresponding wealth 1 to the stoichiometric ratio.
- Probe 15 is shown in Figure 1 also downstream of the pot 19 but this is not limitative of the invention and it is perfectly possible to arrange the probe 15 upstream of the pot 19, this position upstream of the pot 19 being preferable in particular for operating a rapid diagnosis during rich operation in particular to purge the pot 19.
- Such a lambda 15 probe has several utilities, it is used to measure the performance of catalytic converter 13 as well as to adapt the report air / fuel supplied by the first loop during richness 1 operating phases, in changing for example its operating point or the transfer function used to to alleviate in particular the aging of the probe upstream 14 or even to operate the regulation in real time fuel / air ratio.
- Such a probe 15 is conventionally formed by a ceramic body (such as dioxide zirconium) part of which is in the flux exhaust and the other is connected to air atmospheric, both sides of the body coated with permeable platinum electrodes gas.
- the electrodes of the lambda 15 probe powered by a suitable electric current called bias, supply voltage in return characteristic of the richness of the fuel mixture.
- the voltage between the terminals of the electrodes happens to be modified significantly on either side of the bias voltage corresponding to wealth 1, by the differences of oxygen concentration between the two sides of the probe, due to the special properties of the materials used. Monitoring this tension therefore makes it possible to determine the evolution of the richness of gases compared to stoichiometry.
- stage 17 input / output of the injection computer 7 dedicated to the lambda probe 15.
- This stage 17 intended to supply a current of adapted polarization includes a circuit electronic including two resistors in series R1 and R2 at the terminals of which a tension goes substantially constant.
- the lambda 15 sensor is connected to this circuit through its wire link 16 in parallel with resistor R1.
- the voltage Vs which is read across the resistor R1 by a resistive circuit R3 and capacitive C1 which is connected to a converter analog / digital not shown, is the voltage of output Vs of the lambda probe 15.
- the choice of the different components of the interface 17 electronic circuit and in particular resistors R1 and R2 are adapted so that the output voltage fluctuates for example between "low” states of approximately 100 mV and “high” states of approximately 700 mV, for respectively "poor” wealth or "rich” of the fuel mixture, that is to say when the exhaust gas content is respectively below or above the setpoint of the richness, the bias voltage substantially corresponding to the output voltage when the richness of the fuel mixture is at the setpoint being approximately 400 mV.
- the sensitivity of sensor 15 is adapted so that any variation in wealth around value setpoint causes the voltage to switch over output to its upper limit values or bass.
- the process diagnostic of the connecting wire 16 between the injection computer and downstream lambda probe 15 implementation of the injection computer 7 is then the next one.
- a short circuit of the connecting wire 16 to the ground is identified by a Vs probe output voltage lower than an adapted threshold value Vccm such than for example 50 mV.
- Vccm an adapted threshold value
- the comparison between Vs and Vccm is therefore operated at regular intervals during engine operation and condition link 16 is considered satisfactory if the voltage of output Vs is greater than Vccm, on the other hand if Vs becomes less than Vccm then probe 15 is declared as a short circuit to ground and adapted strategies such as operating in degraded mode or the emission of a signal alert intended to warn the driver by in particular through an indicator light or again storing a diagnostic code correspondent in order to orient the convenience store to the defective item, are triggered by the injection computer 7.
- a short circuit of the connecting wire 16 to the battery voltage is identified by a voltage of probe output Vs greater than a second value of adapted threshold Vccb such as for example 1.5 V.
- Vccb adapted threshold
- the comparison between Vs and Vccb is therefore made at regular intervals while the engine and condition of link 16 is judged satisfactory if the output voltage Vs is lower Vccb, on the other hand if Vs becomes greater than Vccb then probe 15 is declared in battery short circuit and appropriate strategies of the aforementioned type are then triggered by the injection computer 7.
- the strategy implemented consists of wait for the occurrence of predetermined operation of motor 1 which involves switching the output voltage Vs the lambda 15 probe to a low value (or high) and to observe if indeed we have such a value.
- the first step of the process therefore consists to follow engine operating conditions and to identify the occurrence of a phase predetermined engine 1 operation during which the richness of the fuel mixture remains different from stoichiometry for a period sufficient such that the operating phases under partial load during which the engine is supplied with a lean mixture (richness 0.7).
- Partial loads during which fuel injection is depleted are characterized by maintaining the pedal throttle in an intermediate position between the raised foot and full foot position (information provided by a position sensor linked to the accelerator pedal or the throttle valve gas) and on the other hand, by a rotation regime of the motor between threshold values predetermined.
- the strategy of diagnosis then consists in comparing with each phase operating in lean mixture (or according to all other periodicity, for example the first phase of lean operation of each cycle of motor operation) the output voltage Vs of probe 15 (which must then be at its level low 100 mV characteristic of a fuel mixture poor) at a third threshold value Vco such than for example 200 mV.
- the oxidation catalytic converters generally used have for first function complete the combustion of the fuel mixture which is only incomplete inside the engine. he it is then a question of regrouping on sites catalytics of oxidizing molecules and reducing molecules present in gases exhaust so that they combine to produce water and carbon dioxide. These sites are formed on a monolith which is a porous structure with a large area of contact with the exhaust gases passing through the pot, and which is coated with various substances chemicals with catalytic properties.
- This function overcomes the incomplete combustion inside the cylinders of the engine but does not eliminate the polluting substances only when the mixture initial fuel is a stoichiometric mixture.
- the catalytic converters have also the ability to "store" atoms oxygen by oxidation of chemicals present in the catalyst, such as cerium.
- the catalytic converter therefore has the function not only to promote chemical reactions between substances contained in gases exhaust, but it also has the function to be a buffer stock of oxygen molecules which regulates the composition of the gases emitted in the atmosphere at the exit of the pot.
- the adapted delay period T is therefore determined according to the conditions of engine operation and in particular the evolution operating speed, engine displacement and the oxygen adsorption capacity of the pot catalytic used, so the air mass exhausted after this period exceeds the oxygen adsorption capacity of the pot catalytic and therefore that the gases leaving the pot catalytic 13 are poor.
- the conditions for implementing the process diagnostic of the open circuit are therefore twofold, namely the operation of the engine 1 in mixture poor and maintaining such functioning beyond of a given duration necessary for saturation in air from the catalytic converter 13.
- the injection computer 7 then performs the comparison of the voltage of output Vs of probe 15 at the threshold value Vco.
- This effective control of the link state 16 is operated as far as possible at least once during each engine operation.
- the diagnostic method according to the invention is implemented during the phases of rich mixture operation (richness included between 1.1 and 1.7) required for treatment NOx nitrogen oxides catalytic.
- the pot 19 only stores the nitrogen oxides during the operating phases in poor mixture.
- the catalytic conversion of nitrogen oxides requires a reducing medium, this which is the case of hydrocarbons. It is therefore necessary to operate regularly, before the storage sites are not saturated, phases of destocking with a rich fuel mixture adapted.
- the transient phases of stock purging nitrogen oxides in a rich mixture therefore constitute engine operating phases during which the richness of the fuel mixture remains clearly distinct from wealth 1 corresponding to stoichiometry and therefore during which it is possible to observe or not the tilting of the probe 15 output voltage. phases, the diagnostic process is substantially identical to that described for lean mixture operating phases, if this it is only necessary to plan a period T 'adapted and reverse the comparison since the probe 15 should if everything works well, switch towards its high threshold and not towards its low threshold.
- This required time period T ' to operate the diagnosis is determined so as to ensure that the catalytic converter 13 a, at this deadline, completely emptied of its buffer stock of oxygen molecules and therefore gases exhaust at the outlet of the pot are rich in hydrocarbons and normally involve, if any works properly, the tilting of the probe output voltage at its rich level.
- Vco ' for example 600 mV
- the engine may not be equipped with the catalytic converter 19 intended for the treatment of oxides of nitrogen.
- the electronic system of order can order the amount of gasoline injected regardless of the probe signal at upstream oxygen 14, using other criteria of regulation that the richness of the fuel mixture as for example the stability of combustions.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'un moteur à combustion interne équipé d'un dispositif électronique de commande permettant la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention ;
- la figure 2 est une vue de détail du circuit électrique reliant un capteur de mesure, telle que la sonde à oxygène aval, au dispositif électronique de commande présenté à la figure 1.
Claims (4)
- Procédé de diagnostic électrique d'une sonde à oxygène (15) d'un moteur à combustion interne (1) fonctionnant selon plusieurs valeurs de richesse et notamment en mélange pauvre, ladite sonde à oxygène (15) de type lambda étant disposée sur la ligne d'échappement en aval d'un pot catalytique de traitement par oxydation des gaz polluants et émettant un signal électrique dont le niveau de tension est représentatif de l'écart de la richesse avec le rapport stoechiométrique, à destination du système de commande électronique (7) du moteur par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison électrique (16) en réponse à un courant de polarisation adapté, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes :suivre le fonctionnement du moteur ;lorsque des conditions de fonctionnement prédéterminées sont observées où la richesse du mélange carburé demeure différente de la stoechiométrie pendant une durée suffisante, mesurer le niveau de tension du signal (Vs) émis par ladite sonde à oxygène (15) ;comparer cette valeur de tension (Vs)à une première valeur de tension seuil (Vco).en déduire si ladite valeur de tension est supérieure à la première tension seuil, l'existence d'un premier type de défaut sur la liaison électrique (16) de la sonde (15), les conditions de fonctionnement prédéterminées comprennent des phases de fonctionnement du moteur en mélange riche servant au traitement des oxydes d'azote générés lors des phases de fonctionnement en mélange pauvre et qui sont stockés dans un pot catalytique adapté (19).
- Procédé de diagnostic d'une sonde à oxygène selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la mesure du niveau de tension du signal émis par ladite sonde à oxygène (15) dans lesdites conditions prédéterminées de fonctionnement du moteur (1) n'est observée qu'après une période de temporisation adaptée (T).
- Procédé de diagnostic électrique d'une sonde à oxygène selon l'une des revendications précédantes caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantescomparer la tension de sortie à une deuxième valeur de tension seuilen déduire si la valeur de tension de sortie est supérieure à la deuxième tension seuil l'existence d'un deuxième type défaut sur la liaison (16) électrique de la sonde (15).
- Procédé de diagnostic électrique d'une sonde à oxygène selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantescomparer la tension de sortie à une troisième valeur de tension seuilen déduire si la valeur de tension de sortie est inférieure à la troisième tension seuil l'existence d'un troisième type de défaut sur la liaison (16) électrique de la sonde (15).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9615724 | 1996-12-20 | ||
FR9615724A FR2757634B1 (fr) | 1996-12-20 | 1996-12-20 | Procede de diagnostic electrique d'une sonde a oxygene d'un moteur a combustion interne |
PCT/FR1997/002284 WO1998028615A1 (fr) | 1996-12-20 | 1997-12-12 | Procede de diagnostic electrique d'une sonde a oxygene d'un moteur a combustion interne |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0946868A1 EP0946868A1 (fr) | 1999-10-06 |
EP0946868B1 true EP0946868B1 (fr) | 2004-02-11 |
Family
ID=9498909
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97951321A Expired - Lifetime EP0946868B1 (fr) | 1996-12-20 | 1997-12-12 | Procede de diagnostic electrique d'une sonde a oxygene d'un moteur a combustion interne |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0946868B1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU5489198A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69727588T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2213842T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2757634B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1998028615A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2864849B1 (fr) | 2004-01-07 | 2006-04-07 | Renault Sas | Procede de diagnostic electrique d'une sonde a oxygene de type tout ou rien a reservoir de gaz de reference |
DE102005053648A1 (de) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-16 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zur On-Board-Diagnose eines Sytems in einem Fahrzeug |
DE102011089383A1 (de) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Korrektur von Messwerten eines Sensorelements |
IT201900003269A1 (it) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-09-06 | Fpt Motorenforschung Ag | Metodo e gruppo per controllare l'alimentazione di combustibile per un motore a combustione interna ad accensione comandata, in particolare per un motore alimentato a gas naturale |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2612915C2 (de) * | 1976-03-26 | 1986-05-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Verfahren und Vorrichtung einer unter der Führung einer λ-Sonde arbeitenden Regelung |
DE2919220A1 (de) * | 1979-05-12 | 1980-11-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur regelung des kraftstoff/luftverhaeltnisses bei brennkraftmaschinen |
JPH073403B2 (ja) * | 1986-03-27 | 1995-01-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 酸素濃度センサの異常検出方法 |
JP2912474B2 (ja) * | 1991-07-18 | 1999-06-28 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | 内燃機関の空燃比制御方法 |
JPH06193494A (ja) * | 1992-12-24 | 1994-07-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の空燃比制御装置 |
JP3033449B2 (ja) * | 1994-10-20 | 2000-04-17 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | 火花点火式内燃エンジンの燃焼制御装置 |
-
1996
- 1996-12-20 FR FR9615724A patent/FR2757634B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-12-12 ES ES97951321T patent/ES2213842T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-12 WO PCT/FR1997/002284 patent/WO1998028615A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1997-12-12 EP EP97951321A patent/EP0946868B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-12 DE DE69727588T patent/DE69727588T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-12 AU AU54891/98A patent/AU5489198A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2213842T3 (es) | 2004-09-01 |
DE69727588D1 (de) | 2004-03-18 |
DE69727588T2 (de) | 2004-12-16 |
WO1998028615A1 (fr) | 1998-07-02 |
AU5489198A (en) | 1998-07-17 |
FR2757634A1 (fr) | 1998-06-26 |
FR2757634B1 (fr) | 1999-01-22 |
EP0946868A1 (fr) | 1999-10-06 |
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