EP0946848B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben eines schachtofens - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben eines schachtofens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0946848B1 EP0946848B1 EP97948806A EP97948806A EP0946848B1 EP 0946848 B1 EP0946848 B1 EP 0946848B1 EP 97948806 A EP97948806 A EP 97948806A EP 97948806 A EP97948806 A EP 97948806A EP 0946848 B1 EP0946848 B1 EP 0946848B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- lance
- jet
- combination
- fed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/20—Arrangements of devices for charging
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/02—Making special pig-iron, e.g. by applying additives, e.g. oxides of other metals
- C21B5/023—Injection of the additives into the melting part
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/16—Arrangements of tuyeres
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a shaft furnace, in particular a cupola furnace, in the upper part of the shaft metallic feedstocks, Alloying elements and energy carriers, such as coke, and in the lower part of the An oxidation medium, such as air, are added, the Melting zone additives, namely alloying elements, metal chips or dusts be fed.
- dusts in the nozzle level for the cupola furnace furnace wind have been blown in the foundry and in the cupola furnace operation (EP 0 504 700 A1.
- Such dust are, for example, filter dust from cupola furnace dedusting, foundry sands no longer to be processed, dust from the blow room and grinding shop, etc.
- These dusts contain, among other things, SiO 2 , which can be used as a slag generator for the cupola furnace melting process, but also flammable organic components, the calorific value of which can be used for the melting process.
- the calorific value of the combustible constituents of the dusts is used as melting energy and the SiO 2 as slag generator.
- Problematic constituents of the dusts, such as heavy metals, are integrated into the slag in an environmentally-friendly manner, for example glazed.
- WO-A-9 420 642 describes a wind form of a blast furnace with a hot air nozzle into which separate ones Mouth lances for the supply of dust (dust coal) and oxygen in the area of the nozzle opening.
- the wind form is to be regarded as a combination lance.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus with which the different requirements described when using the additives mentioned are satisfied, an undesired lowering of the melting temperature is avoided and the formation of pollutants, in particular NO x , can be prevented to an unacceptable extent.
- the introduction conditions of the additives, the fuel and the additionally introduced oxygen can be designed, in particular the speeds can be set so high that no flame forms. This prevents the formation of environmentally harmful NO x compounds and the burning of valuable components such as alloy elements.
- the method according to the invention is suitable for all common types of cupolas, e.g. With Hot wind, warm wind, cold wind, secondary wind operated stoves, fed and Unlined furnace types, long-term ovens, interchangeable ovens, shuttle ovens, etc. equally suitable.
- the feedstock of such ovens can include as a metallic insert Steel scrap, recycling material (cast waste), cast breakage, pig iron, ferromanganese, FeSi as a non-metallic insert Carbon (e.g. coke), silicon carbide, ferromanganese, lime, gravel, basalt.
- a metallic insert Steel scrap recycling material (cast waste), cast breakage, pig iron, ferromanganese, FeSi as a non-metallic insert Carbon (e.g. coke), silicon carbide, ferromanganese, lime, gravel, basalt.
- the furnace is known to be air ("wind"), which either is preheated (hot wind, warm wind) or has ambient temperature (cold wind), fed through one or more rows of nozzles.
- wind air
- This air can be oxygenated be enriched.
- the method according to the invention is suitable for all furnace sizes.
- a cupola can three different fabrics at the same time or in succession in the desired order be fed.
- the first substance can be an alloying element, such as a Carburizing agent (FeSi, SiC or the like) or dust (e.g. cupola furnace dust, Used sand, cleaning dust, etc.) or iron shavings or a mixture of the above Be fabrics.
- a Carburizing agent FeSi, SiC or the like
- dust e.g. cupola furnace dust, Used sand, cleaning dust, etc.
- iron shavings a mixture of the above Be fabrics.
- the second substance serves the oxidative or reductive conditions, which are for the the respective use of the first substance are necessary. As a result, it can predominantly both gaseous, liquid, solid materials containing calorific value act carbon-containing or hydrocarbon-containing substances.
- the third substance compensates for the drop in melting temperature caused by the use of the first two substances arises from. So it's oxygen predominantly exits the facility at supersonic speed.
- the three material flows can be regulated separately from each other in the range of 0% - 100%.
- the optimal setting depends on the type, quantity and composition of the Substance 1 and the respective requirements of the melting shop.
- the introduction conditions over the or each combination lance are designed in such a way in particular the insertion speeds are chosen so that among all possible Operating parameters the creation of a flame immediately in front of the lance is prevented.
- the cupola furnace can mainly use oxygen via separate oxygen lances Supersonic speed can be supplied.
- the combination lances according to the invention and the oxygen injection lances for additional oxygenation are preferably in the existing ones Wind nozzles (water-cooled copper nozzles or uncooled stamped nozzles) built-in. But it is also possible to use these facilities and additional ones Oxygen injection lances in separate feeds in the melt plane of the Install the cupola.
- Fig. 1 shows a cupola furnace known in principle with a shaft in the upper part 1 metallic feedstocks, alloying elements and Energy carriers, such as coke, and in the lower part 2 Oxidation medium such as air - the so-called furnace wind - via a wind ring 3 and from there it is introduced into the melting zone 5 via introduction channels 4.
- Oxidation medium such as air - the so-called furnace wind - via a wind ring 3 and from there it is introduced into the melting zone 5 via introduction channels 4.
- introduction channels 4 In at least two diagonally opposite insertion channels 4 are in total combination lances designated by reference number 6 are used according to the invention.
- the Combination lance 6 is with lines 9 for oxygen and 10 for fuel, such as flammable gases, and with a central feed line 11 for additives, such as Dusts, used foundry sands, alloying elements, metal chips, carbon and the like.
- the reference numerals 9 'and 10' denote individually operated shut-off valves for lines 9 and 10.
- the structure of the combination lance 6 is shown in detail in FIGS. 3 to 5 see.
- a protective tube 12 surrounds two lances arranged in parallel, namely a cloth lance 13 and an oxygen lance 16.
- the cloth lance 13 comprises a Outer tube 14 for supplying fuel, such as fuel gases (methane, natural gas or the like), via line 9 and one of them via an annular gap 14 'to Transport of the fuel separate inner tube 15 for feeding Additives, such as dusts via line 11, run parallel to fabric lance 13 the oxygen lance 16, preferably at a distance X from the Outer tube 14 and a distance Y from inner tube 15, as shown in FIG. 5 is shown.
- the distance X is preferably in a range equal to that Inner diameter of the oxygen lance 16 and ten times this Inner diameter, while the distance Y is preferably in a range between twice and twenty times the inside diameter of the Oxygen lance 16 lies.
- the oxygen lance 16 is from the fabric lance 13 covered.
- the feed line 10 leads into this oxygen lance 16
- Oxygen lance 16 a Laval nozzle 18, as indicated in Fig. 5 and in Fig. 6 for a separate oxygen injection lance 20 is shown in axial section.
- the oxygen on the oxygen lance 16 is shown in axial section.
- the oxygen on the oxygen lance 16 is in addition in the fabric lance 13 on the Annular gap 14 'supplied oxygen or the fuel gas also supplied here alone blown in at the maximum speed of sound.
- Oxygen can also do that through that Dust or other additives added to the inner tube 15 may be added. Also here the speed of sound is not exceeded when blowing in.
- FIG. 6 shows, in the same representation as FIG. 2, a feed channel 4 in another Oxygen injection lance 20 used for furnace wind with in the mouth inserted Laval nozzle 18.
- a feed channel 4 in another Oxygen injection lance 20 used for furnace wind with in the mouth inserted Laval nozzle 18.
- Only oxygen can be used Supersonic speed are blown.
- 6 are 21 with a Oxygen line, with 22 a shut-off valve, with 23 a quick release coupling and 24 denotes a lance holder for the oxygen injection lance 20.
- the Devices 23 and 24 can of course also on the combination lance 6 may be provided.
- the operator can briefly, for example daily depending on the one to be used Batch, the operating conditions, the results of analyzes of the furnace content and the fuels and additives to be blown in decide whether and to what extent and where it additionally blows in oxygen and additives.
- the introduction conditions in particular the blowing speeds, are so high that there is no flame in the immediate vicinity of the mouth 25 in the Furnace interior 26 forms. This avoids the burning of valuable components such as alloying elements and the like and also prevents the formation of environmentally harmful NO x compounds to an unacceptable extent.
- Wind insertion channels 4 must be left empty.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Flexible Shafts (AREA)
- Blast Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Passenger Equipment (AREA)
Description
als metallischen Einsatz | Stahlschrott, Kreislaufmaterial (Gußabfall), Gußbruch, Roheisen, Ferromangan, FeSi |
als nichtmetallischen Einsatz | Kohlenstoff (z. B. Koks), Siliziumkarbid, Ferromangan, Kalk, Kies, Basalt. |
- Fig. 1
- einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Kupolofen, der mit Vorrichtungen gemäß der Erfindung ausgerüstet ist;
- Fig. 2
- einen vergrößerten Teilschnitt durch die Ofenwandung auf der Höhe der Schmelzzone durch einen Einbringkanal für den Wind, in den eine Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung eingesetzt ist;
- Fig. 3
- einen Längsschnitt nach der Linie III-III in Fig. 4 durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2;
- Fig. 4
- einen Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3;
- Fig. 5
- einen vergrößerten Schnitt wie Fig. 4 in abgewandelter Konfiguration;
- Fig. 6
- einen Teilschnitt ähnlich Fig. 2 in der Höhe der Schmelzzone durch einen Einbringkanal für den Wind, in den eine Sauerstoff-Injektionslanze eingesetzt ist;
- Fig. 7, 8 und 9
- Querschnitte durch die Schmelzzone des Kupolofens mit einer Anordnung von Kombinationslanzen gemäß den Fig. 2 bis 5 und Sauerstoff-Injektionslanzen gemäß Fig. 6 in drei Varianten.
Claims (13)
- Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens, insbesondere eines Kupolofens, dem im oberen Teil des Schachtes metallische Einsatzstoffe, Legierungselemente und Energieträgerstoffe, wie Koks, und im unteren Teil des Schachtes ein Oxidationsmedium, wie Luft, zugegeben werden, wobei in die Schmelzzone in mindestens einem ersten Strahl (13) aufzuschmelzende Zusatzstoffe, nämlich Legierungselemente, Metallspäne, Sände, Stäube einzeln oder kombiniert, gegebenenfalls gemeinsam mit Kohlenstoff, eingeführt werden und mit dem ersten Strahl (13) zusätzlich Brennstoffe und Sauerstoff eingetragen werden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in mindestens einem separaten zweiten Strahl (16), welcher neben dem ersten Strahl (13) und mit diesem nicht Konzentrisch angeordnet ist, Sauerstoff mit hoher Geschwindigkeit in die Schmelzzone eingeführt wird und daß die Einbringbedingungen der erwähnten Stoffe im ersten Strahl und des Sauerstoffs im zweiten Strahl so kontrolliert werden, daß sich keine Flamme bilden kann. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sauerstoff im zweiten Strahl mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit, insbesondere im Bereich von 1,5 bis 2,5 Mach, zugeführt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Brenngas und/oder Sauerstoff im ersten Strahl maximal mit Schallgeschwindigkeit zugeführt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Legierungselemente in reduzierender Atmosphäre, heizwertreiche Stäube unter Zufuhr von Sauerstoff und heizwertarme Stäube unter Zufuhr von Brennstoffen und Sauerstoff eingetragen werden. - Vorrichtung zum Durchführen eines Verfahrens nach einem der vorangehenden-Ansprüche, wobei mindestens eine Kombinationslanze (6) eine Stofflanze (13) zum Bilden des ersten Strahls und eine neben der Stofflanze (13) und mit dieser nicht Konzentrisch angeordnete Sauerstofflanze (16) zum Bilden des zweiten Strahls in einer konstruktiven Einheit zusammenfaßt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stofflanze (13) ein Innenrohr (15) zur Förderung der Zusatzstoffe und ein das Innenrohr mit Ringspalt (14') umgebendes Außenrohr (14) zur Förderung der Brennstoffe durch den Ringspalt aufweist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sauerstofflanze (16) mit einer Lavaldüse (18) ausgestattet ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stofflanze (13) und die Sauerstofflanze (16) nebeneinander in einem Schutzrohr (12) angeordnet sind. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kombinationslanze (6) mehrere Stofflanzen (13) aufweist, wobei für Verschiedene Zusatzstoffeje eine eigene Lanze (13) vorgesehen ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zusatzlich zur Kombinationslanze (6) und von dieser getrennt angeordnete Sauerstoff-Injektionslanzen (20) zum Einbringen von Zusatz-Sauerstoff vorgesehen sind. - Schachtofen mit einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kombinationslanzen (6) in die vorhandenen Einbringkanäle (4) des Schacht-oder Kupolofens für den Ofenwind eingebaut sind. - Schachtofen mit einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kombinationslanzen (6) in gesonderten Einbringkanälen in der Ofenwandung des Schacht-oder Kupolofens untergebracht sind, welche in die Schmelzzone münden. - Schachtofen nach Anspruch 10 oder 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine Zusatzliche Sauerstoff-Injektionslanze (20) in einen nicht durch eine Kombinationslanze (6) belegten Einbringkanal (4) für Ofenwind eingesetzt ist. - Schachtofen nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine Zusatzliche Sauerstoff-Injektionslanze (20) in eine nicht durch eine Kombinationslanze (6) belegte, separate Öffnung eingesetzt ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19646802 | 1996-11-13 | ||
DE19646802A DE19646802A1 (de) | 1996-11-13 | 1996-11-13 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens |
PCT/EP1997/005906 WO1998021536A2 (de) | 1996-11-13 | 1997-10-25 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben eines schachtofens |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0946848A2 EP0946848A2 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
EP0946848B1 true EP0946848B1 (de) | 2001-12-19 |
Family
ID=7811481
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97948806A Expired - Lifetime EP0946848B1 (de) | 1996-11-13 | 1997-10-25 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben eines schachtofens |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6187258B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0946848B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE211250T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU7180698A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19646802A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2170421T3 (de) |
TW (1) | TW365644B (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998021536A2 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA979426B (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005031019A1 (de) * | 2005-07-02 | 2007-01-11 | Messer France S.A.S | Verfahren zur Ultraschall-Eindüsung eines Oxidationsmittels in einen Schmelzofen |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3527117B2 (ja) | 1998-12-24 | 2004-05-17 | 富士電機デバイステクノロジー株式会社 | 半導体力学量センサの製造方法およびその製造装置 |
DE19954556A1 (de) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-23 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schmelzofens |
DE10060727A1 (de) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-06-27 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Positioniereinrichtung für Brennstoff/Sauerstoff-Lanzen |
US6835229B2 (en) | 2002-01-22 | 2004-12-28 | Isg Technologies Inc. | Method and apparatus for clearing a powder accumulation in a powder delivery tube |
EP2208953A1 (de) * | 2009-01-05 | 2010-07-21 | Paul Wurth Refractory & Engineering GmbH | Windringleitungsanordnung |
EP2407742B1 (de) * | 2010-07-13 | 2016-11-09 | Thorsten Kutsch | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben eines schachtofens |
EP2626628B1 (de) * | 2012-02-09 | 2014-04-09 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Befeuerung eines Industrieofens und zugehöriger Brenner |
EP3511431A1 (de) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-07-17 | Fiday Gestion | Verfahren und anlage zur verwertung von benutzten batterien und akkus |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1259738A (fr) * | 1960-06-11 | 1961-04-28 | British Iron Steel Research | Procédé et appareil pour la fabrication de fonte dans un haut-fourneau |
FR2070864A1 (en) * | 1969-12-15 | 1971-09-17 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Blast furnace - injection of oxidising gas independently - of the blast to improve prodn |
US3892517A (en) * | 1972-10-19 | 1975-07-01 | Black Sivalls & Bryson Inc | Appartus for generating a heated oxygen enriched gas stream |
GB2018295A (en) * | 1978-01-17 | 1979-10-17 | Boc Ltd | Process for melting metal in a vertical shaft furnace |
GB8506655D0 (en) * | 1985-03-14 | 1985-04-17 | British Steel Corp | Smelting shaft furnaces |
DE3811166A1 (de) * | 1988-03-31 | 1989-10-19 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum betreiben eines kupolofens |
JP2721423B2 (ja) * | 1990-09-14 | 1998-03-04 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 廃棄物溶融炉 |
DE4109214A1 (de) * | 1991-03-21 | 1992-09-24 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum betreiben eines kupolofens |
FR2702221B1 (fr) * | 1993-03-03 | 1995-04-28 | Air Liquide | Procédé d'obtention de métal au haut-fourneau ou au cubilot. |
DE4310931C2 (de) * | 1993-04-02 | 1999-04-15 | Air Prod Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entsorgen von Stäuben durch Verbrennen/Verschlacken in einem Kupolofen |
DE4407230C2 (de) * | 1994-03-04 | 1996-06-05 | E S C H Engineering Service Ce | Verfahren zur stofflichen Verwertung von festen Reststoffen in einem koksbeheizten Schachtofen |
ATA208795A (de) * | 1995-12-21 | 1999-01-15 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Verfahren zum verarbeiten einer schredder-leicht-fraktion in einer schmelze und einrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens |
-
1996
- 1996-11-13 DE DE19646802A patent/DE19646802A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1997
- 1997-10-21 TW TW086115547A patent/TW365644B/zh active
- 1997-10-21 ZA ZA9709426A patent/ZA979426B/xx unknown
- 1997-10-25 EP EP97948806A patent/EP0946848B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-25 AT AT97948806T patent/ATE211250T1/de active
- 1997-10-25 WO PCT/EP1997/005906 patent/WO1998021536A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-10-25 ES ES97948806T patent/ES2170421T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-25 AU AU71806/98A patent/AU7180698A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-10-25 US US09/308,012 patent/US6187258B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-25 DE DE59705923T patent/DE59705923D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005031019A1 (de) * | 2005-07-02 | 2007-01-11 | Messer France S.A.S | Verfahren zur Ultraschall-Eindüsung eines Oxidationsmittels in einen Schmelzofen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE211250T1 (de) | 2002-01-15 |
ES2170421T3 (es) | 2002-08-01 |
DE19646802A1 (de) | 1998-05-14 |
ZA979426B (en) | 1998-05-12 |
AU7180698A (en) | 1998-06-03 |
TW365644B (en) | 1999-08-01 |
DE59705923D1 (de) | 2002-01-31 |
EP0946848A2 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
WO1998021536A2 (de) | 1998-05-22 |
WO1998021536A3 (de) | 1998-10-29 |
US6187258B1 (en) | 2001-02-13 |
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