EP0944761B1 - Kalender mit verlängerter presszone - Google Patents

Kalender mit verlängerter presszone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0944761B1
EP0944761B1 EP98947590A EP98947590A EP0944761B1 EP 0944761 B1 EP0944761 B1 EP 0944761B1 EP 98947590 A EP98947590 A EP 98947590A EP 98947590 A EP98947590 A EP 98947590A EP 0944761 B1 EP0944761 B1 EP 0944761B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
belt
calendering
nip
calender
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98947590A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0944761A1 (de
Inventor
Pekka Koivukunnas
Mikko Tani
Kari Hasanen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valmet Technologies Oy
Original Assignee
Metso Paper Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Metso Paper Oy filed Critical Metso Paper Oy
Publication of EP0944761A1 publication Critical patent/EP0944761A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0944761B1 publication Critical patent/EP0944761B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/006—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus with extended nips
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/0066—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus using a special calendering belt
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/02—Rolls; Their bearings
    • D21G1/0233—Soft rolls

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a calender provided with an extended nip for calendering of a paper or board web, which calender comprises at least one calendering nip, which is formed between a heatable hard roll, on one hand, and a calendering belt which has been formed as an endless loop and which is loaded against the heatable hard roll by means of a backup roll or a press shoe, on the other hand, the paper or board web to be calendered being arranged to run through said calendering nip, whereby through the nip, at the side of the backup roll or of the press shoe, respectively, in relation to the web, a belt has been passed which is, in respect of at least a part of its thickness, made of a material of compressible volume.
  • shoe calenders as a rule, the technique very well known from extended-nip presses is employed, according to which the extended nip is produced so that the paper web is pressed against the backup roll by means of a shaped glide shoe and an endless belt running over the shoe.
  • a belt calender by means of the belt, attempts are made to provide the necessary resilience in the calendering nip when the paper web is pressed between the rolls that form the calendering nip.
  • Belt calenders in themselves are relatively new constructions, and they can also be formed so that the paper to be calendered is passed, by means of the endless belt, into a preliminary contact with a hot calender roll, in which case it is possible to provide a steep temperature gradient, which is favourable from the point of view of calendering.
  • the effective length of the nip is increased because of the preliminary contact and because, as the belt material, it is possible to employ. considerably softer polymers than in roll coatings without problems arising from deformations related to heat.
  • the press impulse applied to the paper can be increased so that the pressure peak does not become excessively high and that the bulk is not reduced.
  • the belt and shoe calenders that have been used so far have involved quite a significant problem, which has arisen from the structure of the belt that has been used.
  • the belts that have been used have been almost completely non-compressible, and, as a rule, their structure has been such that there is a support fabric in the middle of the belts, and a polyurethane layer at both sides of the support fabric. Even though the belt in itself may have been elastic, its volume has not been compressible.
  • Such a belt of substantially non-compressible volume behaves in a calendering nip, in which it is pressed with a high pressure to make it thinner, so that the material of the belt has to flow parallel to the face of the belt away from the nip.
  • a calender belt having in its thickness direction a first layer on the side of the belt closest to the web and a sedond layer on the opposite side of the belt.
  • the hardness of the second layer on the opposite side of the belt is higher than the hardness of the first layer on the side of the belt closest to the web.
  • the structure of the calendering belt according to WO 95 34715 A i.e. the soft layer on the side of the belt closest to the web, is directed to remove or at least to reduce the problems in the smoothness, gloss and density of the web, said problems being caused by an uneven base material. So the structure of the belt and the purpose of the same are different from those of the present invention.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an essential improvement over the existing calenders provided with extended nips.
  • the invention is mainly characterized in that the belt of a material of compressible volume is either a calendering belt provided with a multi-layer structure, which comprises a support layer of compressible volume and, at least on its face to be placed against the material web to be calendered, a tight polymer layer, or a support belt formed as an endless loop and running at the side facing the backup roll in relation to the tight calendering belt.
  • the essential features of the invention are that the belt that is used in the calender, i.e.
  • the belt of a material of compressible volume is either a calendering belt provided with a multi-layer structure, which comprises a support layer of compressible volume and, at least on its face to be placed against the material web to be calendered, a tight polymer layer, or in belt calendering, through the calendering nip, a calendering belt, favourably a conventional polyurethane belt, is passed, and additionally a separate, substantially fully compressible support belt is passed, which performs the major part of the compression work in the nip.
  • a solution with two belts can be accomplished very easily, because, in the manufacture, it is possible to employ conventional prior-art techniques, in particular in the case that a polymer belt is used as the calendering belt and the support belt is made of a felt material. Uniform thickness can be achieved easily in a unit composed of a calendering belt and of a support belt in particular made of a felt material. On the other hand, it can also be stated as an advantage that, owing to the compressibility of the belt, the calendering process is not so sensitive to little variations in thickness of the belt as it was earlier.
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 illustrate a belt calender, in which the calendering nip N is formed between a hot calender roll 1 and a backup roll 3. Further, through the nip N, a calendering belt 10 has been passed to provide the nip N with the necessary elasticity so that the paper web W runs through the nip N between the calendering belt 10 and the face of the hot roll 1.
  • Fig. 2 is a more detailed illustration of the conduct of the calendering belt 10 in the nip, whose length is denoted with the reference a.
  • the calendering belt 10 consists of a support layer 12 of compressible volume and of a tight polymer layer 11 fitted on one face of said support layer 12.
  • the polymer layer 11 is placed on the face of the support layer 12 placed facing the paper web W.
  • the support layer 12 itself is placed against the backup roll 3.
  • the structure of the support layer 12 is such that it can be compressed in the nip N, i.e. its volume is reduced, in which case no wave of the sort formed in prior-art solutions can be formed ahead of the nip.
  • the support layer 12 of compressible volume is favourably made of a felt material.
  • the material of the tight polymer layer to be placed against the paper is, for example, thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, favourably polyurethane.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate a shoe calender, in which the extended calendering nip N is formed between a hot hard roll 1 and a shoe roll 2.
  • the shoe roll 2 again comprises a press shoe 24 supported by a stationary beam 25 as well as a calendering belt 20, which has been passed around the press shoe 24 and the beam 25 and which has been formed as an endless loop.
  • the press shoe 24 the necessary load is produced in the nip N.
  • the calendering belt 20 consists of three layers fitted one above the other, i.e. of a support layer 22 of compressible volume placed in the middle and of tight polymer layers 21, 23 placed at both sides of the support layer.
  • the materials of the support layer 22 and of the polymer layers 21, 23 can be the same as in the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2, so that the polymer layers are preferably of polyurethane, and felt is employed as the support layer 22 of compressible volume.
  • a tight polymer layer 23 is also required at the side of the press shoe 24, because it must be possible to make the friction between the press shoe 24 and the calendering belt 20 sufficiently low.
  • the mode of reduction of friction that is known best and that is employed most commonly is producing an oil film between the press shoe and the calendering belt 20.
  • the face of the calendering belt 20 that is placed against the press shoe 24 must be tight, in which case a polymer layer 23 is necessary.
  • a similar belt can, of course, also be employed in connection with the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the support layer 12; 22 can be compressed over the length a of the nip N without causing any wave ahead of the nip.
  • FIGs. 5 and 6 illustrate a belt calender, in which the calendering nip N is formed between a hot calender roll 1a and a backup roll 3a.
  • a calendering belt 30 as well as a support belt 40 of a material of compressible volume have been passed so as to provide the nip N with the necessary resilience, so that the web W runs through the nip N between the calendering belt 30 and the face of the hot roll 1a.
  • Both the calendering belt 30 and the support belt 40 have been formed as endless loops by means of alignment and tensioning rolls.
  • the calendering belt 30 and the support belt 40 are passed into the nip N between the calendering rolls 1a and 3a by means of a first alignment roll 4, and similarly they are passed out of the nip N by means of a second alignment roll 5, said first and second alignment roll 4 and 5 being, thus, common of the calendering belt 30 and of the support belt 40.
  • the calendering belt 30 and the support belt 40 run from the first alignment roll 4 through the nip N to the second alignment roll 5 as a joint run and while fitted one above the other.
  • the second alignment roll 5 the calendering belt 30 and the support belt 40 are, however, separated from one another so that they form separate loops of their own.
  • the support belt 40 is, thus, guided onto the alignment roll 6 of the support belt, from it onto the support belt tensioning roll 7, and from it further onto the first alignment roll 4, which is common of the support belt and the calendering belt, as was already described above.
  • the calendering belt 30 is guided from the second alignment roll 5 onto the belt alignment roll 8, from it further onto the belt tensioning roll 9, from which the calendering belt 30 is passed, in the case shown in Fig. 5, onto the support belt 40 at the support belt tensioning roll 7.
  • the arrangement can, however, also be such that the calendering belt 30 is passed from the belt tensioning roll 9 directly onto the first alignment roll 4 common of the calendering belt 30 and of the support belt 40.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the conduct of the calendering belt 30 and of the support belt 40 in the nip N in more detail, the length of the nip being denoted with the reference a.
  • the non-compressible calendering belt favourably a polymer belt 30, and the support belt 40 of compressible volume, favourably a felt or a support belt of a similarly compressible material, are passed.
  • the polymer belt 30 has been arranged in the nip N at the side of the heatable calendering roll 1a, i.e. at the side of the web W to be calendered.
  • the material of the polymer belt 30 is favourably polyurethane.
  • the structure of the calendering belt 30 is such that it is provided with a thin fibre reinforcement and with a polyurethane layer at least at the side placed facing the heatable calendering roll 1a.
  • the structure of the belt can also be such that the fibre reinforcement is placed, in relation to the thickness of the calendering belt 30, in the middle of the belt, and the smooth polyurethane layers are placed at each side of the calendering belt.
  • the support belt that runs through the nip N favourably a felt 40 or equivalent, is placed in the nip against the backup roll 3a.
  • the belt 40 or equivalent can be compressed in the nip N, in other words, its volume is reduced, in which case a wave corresponding to that formed in the prior-art solutions cannot be formed ahead of the nip N.
  • a felt material it is also possible to use other materials, e.g. cellular rubbers, cellular plastics, and equivalent which are compressible.
  • the web W to be calendered is introduced into the nip N so that it does not enter into contact with the calendering belt 30 until in the nip N, and similarly the web W is taken out from the nip N so that it is separated from the calendering belt 30 directly.
  • the web W can also be passed into the nip so that it is brought onto the calendering belt 30 before the nip N, and similarly, after the nip, the web is transferred on the calendering nip 30, from which it is taken to further processing.
  • the running of the web W can be accomplished as a what is called closed draw.
  • a calendering belt of compressible volume in accordance with the invention, and similarly in an arrangement in which a tight calendering belt, in particular a polymer belt, and a support belt of compressible volume, such as a felt or equivalent, are employed, by means of a calender a thicker and stiffer paper or board can be calendered so that the gloss and smoothness of the calendered web are at an equally high level as with a non-compressible calendering belt alone. Also, it can be established that the runnability with a felt or equivalent of compressible volume is better, because, in particular with thin paper grades, the frequency of web breaks is substantially lower than earlier. In the case of a compressible multi-layer belt, the improved runnability was ascertained in test runs. It can be suggested as a reason for this that, when a non-compressible calendering belt is used alone, the flow of the belt material parallel to the belt face strains the paper to such an extent that the frequency of web breaks becomes higher.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Kalander mit einem Langspalt zum Kalendrieren einer Papierbahn oder Kartonbahn, wobei der Kalander zumindest einen Kalendrierspalt (N) aufweist, der ausgebildet ist zwischen einerseits einer erwärmbaren harten Walze (1, 1a), und andererseits einem Kalendrierriemen (10; 20; 30), der als eine endlose Schleife ausgebildet ist und der gegen die erwärmbare harte Walze (1; 1a) mittels einer Gegenwalze (3; 3a) oder einem Pressschuh (24) belastet wird, wobei die zu kalendrierende Papierbahn oder Kartonbahn (W) so eingerichtet ist, dass sie durch den Kalendrierspalt (N) läuft, wobei durch den Spalt (N) an der Seite der Gegenwalze (3; 3a) oder des Pressschuhs (24) jeweils in Bezug auf die Bahn (W) ein Riemen (10; 20; 40) tritt, der in Bezug auf zumindest einen Teil seiner Dicke aus einem Material mit einem komprimierbaren Volumen gestaltet ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       der Riemen aus einem Material mit einem komprimierbaren Volumen entweder ein Kalendrieriemen (10; 20) ist, der mit einem Mehrlagenaufbau versehen ist und der eine Stützlage (12; 22) mit einem komprimierbaren Volumen und zumindest an einer Seite von ihm, an der die zu kalendrierende Materialbahn (W) anzuordnen ist, eine Dichtpolymerlage (11, 21) aufweist, oder ein Stützriemen (40) ist, der als eine endlose Schleife ausgebildet ist und an der Seite, die der Gegenwalze (3a) in Bezug auf den Kalendrieriemen (30) zugewandt ist, läuft.
  2. Kalander gemäß Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       in dem Kalendrieriemen (20) in der Richtung der Dicke eine Dichtpolymerlage (21, 23) an beiden Seiten der Stützlage (22) vorhanden ist.
  3. Kalander gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       das Material der Stützlage (12; 22) mit einem komprimierbaren Volumen in dem Kalendrieriemen (10; 20) Filz ist.
  4. Kalander gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       das Material der Stützlage (12; 22) mit dem komprimierbaren Volumen in dem Kalendrieriemen (10; 20) Schaumgummi, Schaumstoff oder dergleichen ist.
  5. Kalander gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       die Dichtpolymerlage (11) oder die Dichtpolymerlagen (21; 23) in dem Kalendrieriemen aus bei Wärme aushärtendem Harz oder Thermoplastharz hergestellt ist / sind.
  6. Kalander gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       das Material der Dichtpolymerlage (11) oder der Dichtpolymerlagen (21; 23) in dem Kalendrrieriemen Polyurethan ist.
  7. Kalander gemäß Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       der Kalendrierriemen (30) und der Stützriemen (40) mit dem komprimierbaren Volumen als separate endlose Schleifen mittels Ausricht- und Spannwalzen (4 ... 9) ausgebildet sind.
  8. Kalander gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       der Kalendrierriemen (30) und der Stützriemen (40) durch den Spalt (N) so treten, dass der Kalendrieriemen (30) und der Stützriemen (40) von der ersten Ausrichtwalze (4), die dem Spalt (N) vorangeht, in den Spalt (N) und von dem Spalt weiter zu der zweiten Ausrichtwalze (5), die nach dem Spalt folgt, als ein gemeinsamer Lauf laufen.
  9. Kalander gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1, 7 oder 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       der Stützriemen (40) mit dem komprimierbaren Volumen aus einem Filzmaterial hergestellt ist.
  10. Riemenkalander gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1, 7 oder 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       das Material des Stützriemens (40) mit dem komprimierbaren Volumen Schaumgummi, Schaumstoff oder ein gleichwertiges Material ist.
  11. Kalander gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1, 7 bis 10,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
       das Material des Kalendrierriemens (30) Polyurethan ist und der Riemen mit einer Faserverstärkung versehen ist.
EP98947590A 1997-10-14 1998-10-14 Kalender mit verlängerter presszone Expired - Lifetime EP0944761B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI973954A FI115985B (fi) 1997-10-14 1997-10-14 Pidennetyllä nipillä varustettu kalanteri
FI973954 1997-10-14
PCT/FI1998/000801 WO1999028551A1 (en) 1997-10-14 1998-10-14 Calender provided with an extended nip

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0944761A1 EP0944761A1 (de) 1999-09-29
EP0944761B1 true EP0944761B1 (de) 2004-12-29

Family

ID=8549725

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98947590A Expired - Lifetime EP0944761B1 (de) 1997-10-14 1998-10-14 Kalender mit verlängerter presszone

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0944761B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2001512539A (de)
AT (1) ATE286171T1 (de)
AU (1) AU9445098A (de)
CA (1) CA2274820C (de)
DE (1) DE69828376T2 (de)
FI (1) FI115985B (de)
WO (1) WO1999028551A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8349443B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2013-01-08 Meadwestvaco Corporation Method for treating a substrate

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE516821C2 (sv) * 1999-10-19 2002-03-05 Korsnaes Ab Obestruken pappers- eller kartongprodukt och förfarande för framställning därav
US6598521B2 (en) * 2000-05-11 2003-07-29 Metso Paper, Inc. Soft nip calender employing a continuous elastic belt
FI116734B (fi) * 2001-10-25 2006-02-15 Metso Paper Inc Menetelmä paperi- tai kartonkirainan käsittelemiseksi ja paperi- tai kartonkirainan käsittelylaite
FI114031B (fi) * 2003-03-04 2004-07-30 Metso Paper Inc Menetelmä paperirainan puristamiseksi ja paperirainan puristuslaite
DE102007060400B3 (de) * 2007-12-14 2009-05-28 Andritz Küsters Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Bilden eines Langspalts

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3447600A (en) * 1966-09-23 1969-06-03 Sw Ind Inc Construction of roll for machinery and the manufacture thereof
US4552620A (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-11-12 Beloit Corporation Paper machine belt
JPS61252389A (ja) * 1985-04-25 1986-11-10 市川毛織株式会社 抄紙用加圧ベルト
CA2068629C (en) * 1991-05-14 1996-05-07 James B. Vrotacoe Gapless tubular printing blanket
SE502960C2 (sv) * 1994-06-15 1996-02-26 Nordiskafilt Ab Albany Arrangemang för kalandrering

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8349443B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2013-01-08 Meadwestvaco Corporation Method for treating a substrate
US8673398B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2014-03-18 Meadwestvaco Corporation Method for treating a substrate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI973954A (fi) 1999-04-15
CA2274820C (en) 2007-04-10
FI973954A0 (fi) 1997-10-14
FI115985B (fi) 2005-08-31
WO1999028551A1 (en) 1999-06-10
CA2274820A1 (en) 1999-06-10
EP0944761A1 (de) 1999-09-29
DE69828376D1 (de) 2005-02-03
JP2001512539A (ja) 2001-08-21
ATE286171T1 (de) 2005-01-15
DE69828376T2 (de) 2005-12-08
AU9445098A (en) 1999-06-16

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