EP0936405A1 - Chaudière à lit fluidisé circulant à réduction d'oxydes d'azote améliorée - Google Patents
Chaudière à lit fluidisé circulant à réduction d'oxydes d'azote améliorée Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0936405A1 EP0936405A1 EP99400288A EP99400288A EP0936405A1 EP 0936405 A1 EP0936405 A1 EP 0936405A1 EP 99400288 A EP99400288 A EP 99400288A EP 99400288 A EP99400288 A EP 99400288A EP 0936405 A1 EP0936405 A1 EP 0936405A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flow
- tubular rod
- reactant
- boiler according
- reagent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
- F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
- F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
- F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
- F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
- F23C2206/103—Cooling recirculating particles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/20—Non-catalytic reduction devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed boiler, with a duct which extends in a longitudinal direction and which channels a flow of particles and gases containing nitrogen oxides, and means for injecting a reagent into the stream to reduce nitrogen oxides.
- This injection mode is relatively simple to carry out.
- injection into the wall of the duct does not allow complete mixture of reactive ammonia and nitrogen oxides.
- the flow of particles and gases, although turbulent, is dominated by a speed component parallel to the direction longitudinal of the duct which limits the penetration of ammonia reactive to a layer in contact with the wall of the duct.
- the object of the invention is to improve the mixing of the reagent with the nitrogen oxides contained in the gases to promote their reduction.
- the invention relates to a fluidized bed boiler circulating with with a combustion hearth and a cyclone of separation connected together by a conduit which extends along a longitudinal direction and which channels a flow of particles and gases containing nitrogen oxides, and means for injecting into the stream a reagent for reducing nitrogen oxides, characterized in that this means comprises at least a first tubular rod arranged in a recess in the upper part of the hearth combustion which extends above the duct so as to inject the reagent in the longitudinal direction of the conduit and co-routinely to the flow.
- the reagent is injected right into the flow and in a region of the flow sparse in particles which allows strengthen the mixture with nitrogen oxides and increase the reduction yield.
- Figure 1 shows very schematically in front view a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
- FIG 2 very schematically shows a boiler according to the Figure 1, with at least one injection rod disposed in the part top of a combustion chamber or a first flue communication between the combustion furnace and a cyclone separation.
- Figure 3 shows very schematically a boiler according to the Figure 1, with at least one injection rod disposed in a second conduit formed by the upper part of an exchanger exterior with dense fluidized bed.
- Figure 4 is a sectional view of an injection pipe.
- a circulating fluidized bed boiler shown schematic in Figure 1, includes a combustion hearth 1 which extends vertically and a lower part of which is supplied by a fuel 3, for example crushed coal, and by a flow air 7 directed towards the top of the fireplace. Combustion takes place within a large mass of fine ash particles 5 strongly agitated and kept in suspension by the air flow 7 to form a fluidized bed having a particle density which decreases rapidly in depending on the height of the fireplace. Combustion takes place at a typical temperature of 850 degrees Celsius (° C) and generates NOx nitrogen oxides.
- the air flow charged with fine particles and nitrogen oxides is channeled in the upper part of the hearth by a first conduit 9 which extends in a longitudinal direction L1 substantially horizontal and which opens into the upper part 11A of a cyclone of separation 11 arranged vertically.
- a first conduit 9 which extends in a longitudinal direction L1 substantially horizontal and which opens into the upper part 11A of a cyclone of separation 11 arranged vertically.
- the fumes 14 exit from the separation cyclone 11 and pass through heat exchangers conventional before being evacuated by a chimney.
- a second conduit 17 forming an upper part of the exchanger exterior 15 extends parallel to a longitudinal direction L2 substantially horizontal and channels the flow of particles and gases from the separation cyclone 11 to the combustion furnace 1 through a fluidized system 19 to recycle the particles.
- a reagent is injected, for example from ammonia in the gaseous state, using at least one tubular rod arranged so as to release the reagent in the direction longitudinal of the conduit and co-current with the flow of charged gas particles.
- each tubular rod 21 is arranged in an upper part 1A of combustion furnace 1 where the flow of particles and gases is channeled through the first conduit 9 to be transported to the cyclone Separation 11.
- each tubular rod is mounted in a recess 1C of the upper part 1A of the combustion hearth 1 which extends to the above the upper part 9A of the first conduit 9. This indentation 1C creates an impact layer 1B of the particles transported by the circulating flow and decreases the particle density in the reagent injection area.
- each tubular rod 21 in an upper part 9A of the first conduit 9 which channels the flow leaving the hearth 1 towards the entry of the cyclone of separation 11.
- each rod tubular 21 is arranged near the combustion hearth 1 for extend the residence time until the air flow enters the separation cyclone 11 and thus reinforce the reagent mixture injected with the nitrogen oxides contained in the stream.
- rods tubular 21 at several points in a width direction of the focus combustion 1 or duct 9 which is perpendicular to the direction longitudinal L1 to reinforce the mixture with nitrogen oxides.
- each tubular rod 21 is disposed in a second conduit 17 formed by an upper part 17A of the external exchanger 15, where the carbon is partially elutriated in particles from the cyclone 11.
- the combustion of elutriated carbon takes place in a strong excess air above the dense fluidized bed and produces oxides nitrogen which are reduced by injecting the reagent.
- each tubular rod 21 is arranged in relation to the flow current downstream of the entry zone 17B in the second conduit 17 particles from the cyclone 11 to extend the residence time of the reagent, account given the fact that in this entry zone 17B, the carbon elutriation is important.
- Each tubular rod 21 comprises, in FIG. 4, at least one injection nozzle 23.
- each tubular rod 21 is lowered into the combustion hearth, or in the first 9 or the second duct 17, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L1 or L2 and by orienting the injection nozzle 23 in the direction of flow of the flow of particles and gases to inject the reagent according to the longitudinal direction of the conduit and co-current to the flow.
- each injection rod 21 in the part superior of hearth 1 or first 9 or second duct 17 is made by means of a flange 25 which preferably allows a translational movement of each rod perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the duct to adjust the descent in the hearth or in the duct according to a lower density in particles in the flow and thus reinforce the mixing of the reagent with the nitrogen oxides.
- each tubular rod is treated by depositing for example by plasma, a coating of tungsten carbide or carbide chromium.
- the reagent is injected through a channel 29 which opens out through the injection nozzle 23.
- the reagent used is gaseous ammonia or droplets ammonia solution, or a liquid ammonia precursor like urea in solution, pulsed by air.
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- Une chaudière à lit fluidisé circulant, avec avec un foyer de combustion (1) et un cyclone de séparation (11) reliés entre eux par un conduit (9) qui s'étend suivant une direction longitudinale (L1) et qui canalise un flux de particules et de gaz contenant des oxydes d'azote (NOx), et un moyen pour injecter dans le flux un réactif permettant de réduire les oxydes d'azote, caractérisée en ce que ce moyen comprend au moins une première canne tubulaire (21) disposée dans un renfoncement (1C) de la partie supérieure du foyer de combustion qui s'étend au dessus du conduit de façon telle à injecter le réactif suivant la direction longitudinale (L1,L2) du conduit (9,17) et de façon co-courante au flux.
- Une chaudière selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle chaque le moyen comprend au moins une seconde canne tubulaire (21) disposée dans la partie supérieure (9A) du conduit (9) à proximité du foyer de combustion (1) pour injecter le réactif de façon co-courante au flux dans le conduit (9).
- Une chaudière selon la revendication 1, avec un échangeur extérieur à lit fluidisé dense (15) reliant le cyclone de séparation (11) au foyer de combustion (1) et dont la partie supérieure forme un conduit (17) pour le flux de particules et de gaz qui s'étend suivant une direction longitudinale (L2), dans laquelle le moyen comprend au moins une troisième canne tubulaire (21) disposée dans la partie supérieure (17A) de l'échangeur pour injecter le réactif dans ledit flux.
- Une chaudière selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle chaque canne tubulaire (21) comprend au moins une buse d'injection (23) du réactif.
- Une chaudière selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle chaque canne tubulaire (21) est mobile suivant une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale (L1,L2) du conduit (9,17).
- Une chaudière selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle chaque canne tubulaire (21) comprend un circuit de refroidissement (27) par circulation d'eau.
- Une chaudière selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans laquelle chaque canne tubulaire (21) comprend un revêtement par plasma de carbure de tungstène ou de carbure de chrome pour résister à l'abrasion du flux.
- Une chaudière selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le réactif est de l'ammoniac gazeux, ou des gouttelettes d'ammoniaque en solution, ou un précurseur liquide de l'ammoniac comme l'urée en solution, pulsé par de l'air.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9801839 | 1998-02-16 | ||
FR9801839A FR2775061B1 (fr) | 1998-02-16 | 1998-02-16 | Chaudiere a lit fluidise circulant a reduction d'oxydes d'azote amelioree |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0936405A1 true EP0936405A1 (fr) | 1999-08-18 |
EP0936405B1 EP0936405B1 (fr) | 2004-08-18 |
Family
ID=9523008
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99400288A Expired - Lifetime EP0936405B1 (fr) | 1998-02-16 | 1999-02-09 | Chaudière à lit fluidisé circulant à réduction d'oxydes d'azote améliorée |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6067943A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0936405B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1135319C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69919424T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2227980T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2775061B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MXPA99001556A (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ302726B6 (cs) * | 1999-12-17 | 2011-09-29 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Zarízení s cirkulujícím fluidním ložem |
US8251694B2 (en) | 2004-02-14 | 2012-08-28 | Nalco Mobotec, Inc. | Method for in-furnace reduction flue gas acidity |
US8353698B2 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2013-01-15 | Nalco Mobotec, Inc. | Co-axial injection system |
US10653996B1 (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-05-19 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) of NOx in fluidized bed combustion reactors |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2803020B1 (fr) * | 1999-12-22 | 2002-04-12 | Abb Alstom Power Comb | Procede pour reduire les emissions d'oxydes d'azote dans une installation de combustion en lit fluidise circulant |
US8449288B2 (en) | 2003-03-19 | 2013-05-28 | Nalco Mobotec, Inc. | Urea-based mixing process for increasing combustion efficiency and reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) |
US7670569B2 (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2010-03-02 | Mobotec Usa, Inc. | Combustion furnace humidification devices, systems & methods |
US7410356B2 (en) | 2005-11-17 | 2008-08-12 | Mobotec Usa, Inc. | Circulating fluidized bed boiler having improved reactant utilization |
WO2008137548A1 (fr) * | 2007-05-01 | 2008-11-13 | Phase Inc. | Procédés et dispositifs de classification de matières en suspension |
US8555797B2 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2013-10-15 | Alstom Technology Ltd | System and method for decreasing NOx emissions from a fluidized bed combustion system |
AT505526B1 (de) * | 2007-08-14 | 2010-09-15 | Univ Wien Tech | Wirbelschichtreaktorsystem |
US8069824B2 (en) | 2008-06-19 | 2011-12-06 | Nalco Mobotec, Inc. | Circulating fluidized bed boiler and method of operation |
DE102010036749A1 (de) | 2010-07-19 | 2012-01-19 | Heizkraftwerksgesellschaft Cottbus Mbh | Verfahren zur Leistungssteigerung bei gleichzeitiger Verminderung von Ablagerungen in Kesseln mit Wirbelschicht-Feuerung |
DE102011052788B4 (de) | 2011-08-17 | 2014-03-20 | Harald Sauer | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Abgasen |
CN102626586B (zh) * | 2012-04-01 | 2014-06-04 | 无锡雪浪环境科技股份有限公司 | 烟气氮氧化物减排控制的处理装置 |
US10746141B2 (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2020-08-18 | Kohler Co. | Engine air cleaner |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3728557A1 (de) * | 1987-08-27 | 1989-03-09 | Didier Eng | Verfahren zur verteilung von ammoniak in einem gasstrom und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
GB2271517A (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-04-20 | Dorr Oliver Inc | Flue gas NOx reduction in a fluidized bed reactor |
US5315941A (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1994-05-31 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Method and apparatus for injecting nox inhibiting reagent into the flue gas of a boiler |
US5342592A (en) * | 1989-07-04 | 1994-08-30 | Fuel Tech Europe Ltd. | Lance-type injection apparatus for introducing chemical agents into flue gases |
US5465690A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1995-11-14 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Method of purifying gases containing nitrogen oxides and an apparatus for purifying gases in a steam generation boiler |
EP0690266A1 (fr) * | 1994-06-13 | 1996-01-03 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Installation et procédé pour la réduction des émissons de NOx dans un réacteur à lit fluidisé |
WO1996021825A1 (fr) * | 1995-01-10 | 1996-07-18 | Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag | Procede d'incineration de dechets avec recuperation d'energie thermique |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE466814B (sv) * | 1989-06-01 | 1992-04-06 | Kvaerner Generator Ab | Anordning foer nedbrytande av gaser alstrade vid foerbraenning vid ungefaer 850 grader c av fasta braenslen i en fluidbaedd |
-
1998
- 1998-02-16 FR FR9801839A patent/FR2775061B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-02-09 EP EP99400288A patent/EP0936405B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-09 ES ES99400288T patent/ES2227980T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-09 DE DE69919424T patent/DE69919424T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-13 CN CNB991027175A patent/CN1135319C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-15 MX MXPA99001556A patent/MXPA99001556A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-02-16 US US09/250,688 patent/US6067943A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3728557A1 (de) * | 1987-08-27 | 1989-03-09 | Didier Eng | Verfahren zur verteilung von ammoniak in einem gasstrom und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
US5342592A (en) * | 1989-07-04 | 1994-08-30 | Fuel Tech Europe Ltd. | Lance-type injection apparatus for introducing chemical agents into flue gases |
GB2271517A (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-04-20 | Dorr Oliver Inc | Flue gas NOx reduction in a fluidized bed reactor |
US5315941A (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1994-05-31 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Method and apparatus for injecting nox inhibiting reagent into the flue gas of a boiler |
US5465690A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1995-11-14 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Method of purifying gases containing nitrogen oxides and an apparatus for purifying gases in a steam generation boiler |
EP0690266A1 (fr) * | 1994-06-13 | 1996-01-03 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Installation et procédé pour la réduction des émissons de NOx dans un réacteur à lit fluidisé |
WO1996021825A1 (fr) * | 1995-01-10 | 1996-07-18 | Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag | Procede d'incineration de dechets avec recuperation d'energie thermique |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ302726B6 (cs) * | 1999-12-17 | 2011-09-29 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Zarízení s cirkulujícím fluidním ložem |
US8353698B2 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2013-01-15 | Nalco Mobotec, Inc. | Co-axial injection system |
US8251694B2 (en) | 2004-02-14 | 2012-08-28 | Nalco Mobotec, Inc. | Method for in-furnace reduction flue gas acidity |
US10653996B1 (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-05-19 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) of NOx in fluidized bed combustion reactors |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1135319C (zh) | 2004-01-21 |
ES2227980T3 (es) | 2005-04-01 |
DE69919424T2 (de) | 2005-09-08 |
US6067943A (en) | 2000-05-30 |
FR2775061B1 (fr) | 2000-03-10 |
EP0936405B1 (fr) | 2004-08-18 |
CN1226653A (zh) | 1999-08-25 |
FR2775061A1 (fr) | 1999-08-20 |
MXPA99001556A (es) | 2004-10-28 |
DE69919424D1 (de) | 2004-09-23 |
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