EP0933133B1 - Centrifuge and conduit for supplying and/or removing at least one fluid from the separation unit of a centrifuge to a fixed connection site - Google Patents

Centrifuge and conduit for supplying and/or removing at least one fluid from the separation unit of a centrifuge to a fixed connection site Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0933133B1
EP0933133B1 EP99101930A EP99101930A EP0933133B1 EP 0933133 B1 EP0933133 B1 EP 0933133B1 EP 99101930 A EP99101930 A EP 99101930A EP 99101930 A EP99101930 A EP 99101930A EP 0933133 B1 EP0933133 B1 EP 0933133B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sliding
bush
centrifuge
bearing
sliding bush
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EP99101930A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0933133A3 (en
EP0933133A2 (en
Inventor
Thomas Scherer
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Fresenius SE and Co KGaA
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Fresenius SE and Co KGaA
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Publication of EP0933133A3 publication Critical patent/EP0933133A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • B04B2005/0492—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation with fluid conveying umbilicus between stationary and rotary centrifuge parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifuge, in particular a sliding seal-free one Flow centrifuge for centrifuging biological fluids and a line for supplying and / or discharging at least one fluid from the Separation unit of such a centrifuge to a stationary Junction.
  • Centrifuges are known in which the biological fluid flows through is centrifuged. The fluid is rotating over a line Centrifuge chamber supplied or removed from the chamber. Because of the Relative movement of the centrifuge chamber and the fixed connection point of the Management, however, turns out to be problematic. To a Avoid twisting the wire, find with conventional Flow centrifuges at the connection points rotating seals Use. Such flow centrifuges allow a high one Speed, but it is disadvantageous that the rotary couplings cause abrasion, Leaks and thus injuries and contamination from in the Components containing fluid can lead.
  • a flow seal free flow seal centrifuge is known from DE-A-32 42 541 known.
  • the line is run by a stationary connection point in a loop around the centrifuge chamber led around.
  • the line is connected to a rotating frame that rotates at half the speed of the centrifuge chamber.
  • Such Flow centrifuge is also known for example from DE-A-42 20 232.
  • the line In the case of the flow-through centrifuges without mechanical seals, the line is relatively large exposed to mechanical stresses with increasing speed solid rising.
  • the line forms under the influence of centrifugal forces an outward sweeping loop, which at the fixed junction and the connection to the separation unit high alternating bending loads occur.
  • the steep entry and exit angle at the connection points leads for additional friction between the connection adapters and the Line, which in turn leads to increased abrasion.
  • the Alternating bending loads and abrasion are the factors that Lifetime of the line or the maximum speed of the centrifuge restrict.
  • Flow seal-free flow centrifuges are known, for which Support the pipe bearing.
  • WO95 / 17261 describes a flow centrifuge, the centrifuge tube with a Roller bearing is supported.
  • the roller bearing which consists of an inner and outer Bearing shell with the rolling elements is part of the line.
  • the roller bearing offers the advantage of low bearing friction, which is disadvantageous however, the complex production and thus the relatively high price. This is particularly disadvantageous in that the centrifuge line is a disposable item, which is discarded after use.
  • EP-A-0 112 990 describes a flow centrifuge, the Centrifuge tube between the fixed connection point and the connection the separation unit is supported with two plain bearings.
  • the plain bearings each have an inner and an outer bearing shell with a cylindrical Tread, which are part of the centrifuge tube, which is why the Hose is relatively expensive to manufacture.
  • the sliding surface is large which creates high abrasion and heat. Furthermore shows the Bearing arrangement does not have sufficient axial support to prevent it from sliding out prevents the socket from the sleeve.
  • WO 93/12887 describes a centrifuge with two on its centrifuge line Slide bushings are seated.
  • the sliding bushes rotate in the bearing shells of the frame.
  • Slide bushes and bearing shells each have two inclined to each other Sliding surfaces, the sliding bush snapping into the bearing shell is inserted.
  • With the V-shaped sliding surfaces the sliding bushes are on the Bearing cups secured in the axial and radial directions.
  • the disadvantage is that the snap-in fixing of the sliding bush in the bearing shell with a relatively large bearing friction when rotating the bushing in the Bearing shell is connected.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a centrifuge whose Line for supplying and / or discharging at least one fluid is exposed to relatively low mechanical stress and can still be manufactured simply and inexpensively as a disposable item. This object is achieved with those specified in claim 1 Features.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a conduit for feeding and / or removing at least one fluid from or to the separation unit to provide a centrifuge that is simple and inexpensive to use Manufacturing and operating the centrifuge at high speeds Relatively low mechanical stresses on the line allowed. This object is achieved with those specified in claim 8 Features.
  • the bearing shell preferably opened to allow easy insertion of the socket guarantee.
  • the bearing arrangement advantageously has one Snap on, with a longitudinal, slot-shaped opening of the Bearing shell is slightly narrower than the diameter of the bush. But other conventional insertion mechanisms are also conceivable and of the invention includes.
  • the sliding bush can be used as a separate component, preferably as Injection molded part, be formed, which is pushed onto the line and with the Cable is connected in a rotationally fixed manner, for example welded or glued.
  • the sliding bush can also be made in one piece with the line.
  • the sliding bush and the bearing shell each have a cylindrical section on, which connects to their sliding surface.
  • the cylindrical sections of Slide bushes and bearing shells do not represent a running surface, they only serve the additional centering or adjustment of the line. Through the The internal stress of the line becomes the sliding surface of the sliding bush on the sliding surface pressed the bearing shell, the cylindrical sections of the sliding bush and Bearing shell are not loaded.
  • the sliding surfaces are advantageously of this type designed that only a very small circular contact surface is created.
  • a line for supplying and / or discharging at least one fluid in this context is not just a hose with one or more Lumens, but also an arrangement of several single-lumen tubes Roger that.
  • the sliding bushing consists of a material which has a lower hardness than the material from which the bearing shell is made. This has the advantage that the fatigue strength of the non-replaceable bearing shell is ensured. In contrast, the wear of the sliding bush is not disadvantageous as this is part of the line intended for single use is.
  • the sliding bush is preferably made of plastic, preferably polyacetal plastic (POM) or Teflon, i.e. a material with a lower Abrasion resistance, while the bearing shell is preferably made of metal, in particular Steel, i.e. a material with a higher abrasion resistance.
  • Advantageous are especially materials with a low coefficient of friction.
  • the sliding surface of the bearing shell and the sliding bush are preferably machined in such a way that the lowest possible friction losses occur.
  • the bearing shell is advantageously slotted at one point.
  • the cylindrical portion of the sliding bush is inserted, and the sliding surface of the sliding bush is then on the sliding surface of the bearing shell hung up.
  • the sliding bush is thus centered in the bearing shell.
  • the slide bearing for supporting the line is purpose-wise on the side rotating rotating frame of the centrifuge arranged the separation unit carries, so that the line laterally in an arc around the Separation unit can be guided to the fixed connection point. If the plain bearing is approximately at the level at which the separation unit is arranged, i.e. in the area of the lower third of that of the Separation unit to the fixed line running line is the line is adequately supported. More plain bearings are then available Support of the line is no longer required.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a flow centrifuge free of mechanical seals for centrifuging a biological fluid, in particular blood, which corresponds in structure and function to the centrifuge described in DE 32 42 541 A1.
  • the flow centrifuge has a rotating frame 1 with a lower 1a and an upper support plate 1b and two side parts 1c, 1d.
  • the rotating frame 1 is rotatably mounted on a stationary frame 2 about a vertical axis 3 and is driven by a drive unit (not shown in FIG. 1) at a speed n 1 .
  • a separation unit 4 in the form of a cylindrical chamber is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation of the frame.
  • the separation unit can be attached to the top or bottom of the support plate.
  • a flexible Line 6 in which one or more hoses for feeding and discharging the blood or the blood components in the centrifuge chamber 4 or from the Chamber are summarized around the centrifuge chamber 4 and connected to the bottom of the chamber. A twisting of the line is avoided in that the line 6 at half the speed as the Centrifuge chamber is guided around this.
  • Line 6 is part of a disposable, which in addition to Centrifuge chamber 4 still bags for collecting the by centrifugation separated blood components can include.
  • the disposable is in the Centrifuge inserted and discarded after use.
  • Such Hose arrangements are part of the prior art, so that here no further explanation is necessary.
  • a comprehensive collection bag Disposable is for example in DE-A-28 45 364 and DE-A-28 45 399 described.
  • the bearing has a sliding bush sitting on the hose line and one Bearing shell, which is attached to the rotating frame 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows the section that one or more hoses 6a, 6b comprehensive hose line 6, on which the sliding bush 9 sits.
  • From Polyacetal plastic (POM) or Teflon existing sliding bush 9 has one cylindrical section 10, which in a forming the sliding surface conical section 11 merges. At its the conical section opposite end is the cylindrical portion 10 of the slide bush 9 provided with a circumferential approach 12.
  • the sliding bush 9 is fixed to the Hose line 6 glued or welded, which is characterized by its axial Hole extends.
  • the bearing shell 13 has a stepped bore with a cylindrical Section 14 and a conical section 15 which is the same Has conicity as the conical section 11 of the sliding bush 9. At a The bearing shell 13 is slotted. The width of the opening 16 is so dimensioned that the cylindrical portion 10 of the sliding bush 9 laterally in the Bearing shell 13 can be pressed and snapped into the bearing shell is set. The length of the cylindrical portion 10 of the slide bush 9 is slightly larger than the height of the bearing shell 13.
  • FIG. 5 shows the sliding bush 9 of the line 6 inserted in the bearing shell 13.
  • the cylindrical portion 10 is in the lateral opening 16 of the bearing shell 13 inserted, and the conical Section 11 of the sliding bush is on the conical sliding surface 15 of the Bearing shell.
  • the bearing shell is in this way on the rotating frame attached that the sliding surface 15 is above.
  • the sliding bush 9 is in the Bearing shell 13 fixed in the axial and radial directions, the circumferential Approach 12 of the sliding bush slipping out of the bearing shell prevented.
  • FIG. 6 shows the sliding bush 9 'inserted into the bearing shell 13 another embodiment.
  • the sliding surfaces the bearing shell and the sliding bush formed such that there is sliding bush and touch the bearing shell only along a circular line 17. So that's it Minimal contact area.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zentrifuge, insbesondere eine gleitdichtungsfreie Durchflußzentrifuge zum Zentrifugieren biologischer Fluide und eine Leitung zum Zuführen und/oder Abführen mindestens eines Fluids von der Separationseinheit einer derartigen Zentrifuge zu einer ortsfesten Anschlußstelle.The invention relates to a centrifuge, in particular a sliding seal-free one Flow centrifuge for centrifuging biological fluids and a line for supplying and / or discharging at least one fluid from the Separation unit of such a centrifuge to a stationary Junction.

Es sind Zentrifugen bekannt, bei denen das biologische Fluid im Durchfluß zentrifugiert wird. Über eine Leitung wird das Fluid der rotierenden Zentrifugenkammer zugeführt bzw. aus der Kammer abgeführt. Wegen der Relativbewegung von Zentrifugenkammer und ortsfester Anschlußstelle der Leitung erweist sich jedoch die Leitungsführung als problematisch. Um ein Verdrillen der Leitung zu vermeiden, finden bei herkömmlichen Durchflußzentrifugen an den Anschlußstellen rotierende Dichtungen Verwendung. Derartige Durchflußzentrifugen erlauben zwar eine hohe Drehzahl, nachteilig ist aber, daß die Drehkupplungen zu Abrieb, Undichtigkeiten und damit zu Verletzungen und Kontaminationen von in dem Fluid enthaltenen Komponenten führen können.Centrifuges are known in which the biological fluid flows through is centrifuged. The fluid is rotating over a line Centrifuge chamber supplied or removed from the chamber. Because of the Relative movement of the centrifuge chamber and the fixed connection point of the Management, however, turns out to be problematic. To a Avoid twisting the wire, find with conventional Flow centrifuges at the connection points rotating seals Use. Such flow centrifuges allow a high one Speed, but it is disadvantageous that the rotary couplings cause abrasion, Leaks and thus injuries and contamination from in the Components containing fluid can lead.

Eine gleitdichtungsfreie Durchflußzentrifuge ist aus der DE-A-32 42 541 bekannt. Die Leitung wird bei der gleitdichtungsfreien Zentrifuge von einer ortsfesten Anschlußstelle in einer Schleife um die Zentrifugenkammer herumgeführt. Hierzu ist die Leitung mit einem Drehrahmen verbunden, der gegenüber der Zentrifugenkammer mit halber Drehzahl rotiert. Eine derartige Durchflußzentrifuge ist beispielsweise auch aus der DE-A-42 20 232 bekannt. A flow seal free flow seal centrifuge is known from DE-A-32 42 541 known. In the centrifuge without mechanical seals, the line is run by a stationary connection point in a loop around the centrifuge chamber led around. For this purpose, the line is connected to a rotating frame that rotates at half the speed of the centrifuge chamber. Such Flow centrifuge is also known for example from DE-A-42 20 232.

Bei den gleitdichtungsfreien Durchflußzentrifugen ist die Leitung relativ großen mechanischen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt, die mit zunehmender Drehzahl stark ansteigen. Unter dem Einfluß der Zentrifugalkräfte bildet die Leitung eine nach außen ausladende Schleife, wodurch an der ortsfesten Anschlußstelle und dem Anschluß an die Separationseinheit hohe Wechselbiegebelastungen auftreten. Der steile Eintritts- und Austrittswinkel an den Anschlußstellen führt zu einer zusätzlichen Reibung zwischen den Anschlußadaptern und der Leitung, was wiederum einen erhöhten Abrieb zur Folge hat. Die Wechselbiegebelastungen und der Abrieb sind die Faktoren, die die Lebensdauer der Leitung bzw. die maximale Drehzahl der Zentrifuge beschränken.In the case of the flow-through centrifuges without mechanical seals, the line is relatively large exposed to mechanical stresses with increasing speed solid rising. The line forms under the influence of centrifugal forces an outward sweeping loop, which at the fixed junction and the connection to the separation unit high alternating bending loads occur. The steep entry and exit angle at the connection points leads for additional friction between the connection adapters and the Line, which in turn leads to increased abrasion. The Alternating bending loads and abrasion are the factors that Lifetime of the line or the maximum speed of the centrifuge restrict.

Es sind gleitdichtungsfreie Durchflußzentrifugen bekannt, bei denen zur Abstützung der Leitung Lager Verwendung finden. Die WO95/17261 beschreibt eine Durchflußzentrifuge, deren Zentrifungenschlauch mit einem Rollenlager abgestützt ist. Das Rollenlager, das aus einer inneren und äußeren Lagerschale mit den Wälzkörpern besteht, ist Bestandteil der Leitung. Zwar bietet das Rollenlager den Vorteil einer geringen Lagerreibung, nachteilig ist jedoch die aufwendige Herstellung und damit der relativ hohe Preis. Dies ist insofern besonders nachteilig, als die Zentrifugenleitung ein Einmalartikel ist, der nach dem Gebrauch verworfen wird.Flow seal-free flow centrifuges are known, for which Support the pipe bearing. WO95 / 17261 describes a flow centrifuge, the centrifuge tube with a Roller bearing is supported. The roller bearing, which consists of an inner and outer Bearing shell with the rolling elements is part of the line. Though the roller bearing offers the advantage of low bearing friction, which is disadvantageous however, the complex production and thus the relatively high price. This is particularly disadvantageous in that the centrifuge line is a disposable item, which is discarded after use.

Die EP-A-0 112 990 beschreibt eine Durchflußzentrifuge, deren Zentrifugenschlauch zwischen der ortsfesten Anschlußstelle und dem Anschluß der Separationseinheit mit zwei Gleitlagern abgestützt ist. Die Gleitlager weisen jeweils eine innere und eine äußere Lagerschale mit einer zylindrischen Lauffläche auf, die Bestandteil des Zentrifugenschlauchs sind, weshalb der Schlauch relativ aufwendig in der Herstellung ist. Die Gleitfläche ist groß, wodurch hoher Abrieb und Hitze erzeugt wird. Desweiteren zeigt die Lageranordnung keine ausreichende axiale Abstützung, die ein Herausgleiten der Buchse aus der Hülse verhindert. EP-A-0 112 990 describes a flow centrifuge, the Centrifuge tube between the fixed connection point and the connection the separation unit is supported with two plain bearings. The plain bearings each have an inner and an outer bearing shell with a cylindrical Tread, which are part of the centrifuge tube, which is why the Hose is relatively expensive to manufacture. The sliding surface is large which creates high abrasion and heat. Furthermore shows the Bearing arrangement does not have sufficient axial support to prevent it from sliding out prevents the socket from the sleeve.

Die WO 93/12887 beschreibt eine Zentrifuge, auf deren Zentrifugenleitung zwei Gleitbuchsen sitzen. Die Gleitbuchsen rotieren in Lagerschalen des Rahmens. Gleitbuchsen und Lagerschalen weisen jeweils zwei schräg zueinander gestellte Gleitflächen auf, wobei die Gleitbuchse einschnappend in die Lagerschale eingesetzt ist. Mit den V-förmigen Gleitflächen sind die Gleitbuchsen an den Lagerschalen in axialer und radialer Richtung gesichert. Nachteilig ist, daß die einschnappende Festlegung der Gleitbuchse in der Lagerschale mit einer verhältnismäßig großen Lagerreibung bei der Rotation der Gleitbuchse in der Lagerschale verbunden ist. WO 93/12887 describes a centrifuge with two on its centrifuge line Slide bushings are seated. The sliding bushes rotate in the bearing shells of the frame. Slide bushes and bearing shells each have two inclined to each other Sliding surfaces, the sliding bush snapping into the bearing shell is inserted. With the V-shaped sliding surfaces, the sliding bushes are on the Bearing cups secured in the axial and radial directions. The disadvantage is that the snap-in fixing of the sliding bush in the bearing shell with a relatively large bearing friction when rotating the bushing in the Bearing shell is connected.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Zentrifuge zu schaffen, deren Leitung zum Zuführen und/oder Abführen mindestens eines Fluids verhältnismäßig geringen mechanischen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt ist und trotzdem als Einmalartikel einfach und kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt mit den im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.The invention has for its object to provide a centrifuge whose Line for supplying and / or discharging at least one fluid is exposed to relatively low mechanical stress and can still be manufactured simply and inexpensively as a disposable item. This object is achieved with those specified in claim 1 Features.

Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung liegt darin, eine Leitung zum Zuführen und/oder Abführen mindestens eines Fluids von bzw. zu der Separationseinheit einer Zentrifuge bereitzustellen, die einfach und kostengünstig in der Herstellung ist und einen Betrieb der Zentrifuge mit hohen Drehzahlen bei verhältnismäßig geringen mechanischen Beanspruchungen der Leitung erlaubt. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt mit den im Patentanspruch 8 angegebenen Merkmalen.Another object of the invention is to provide a conduit for feeding and / or removing at least one fluid from or to the separation unit to provide a centrifuge that is simple and inexpensive to use Manufacturing and operating the centrifuge at high speeds Relatively low mechanical stresses on the line allowed. This object is achieved with those specified in claim 8 Features.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifuge sitzt auf der Leitung zum Zuführen und/oder Abführen mindestens eines Fluids eine Gleitbuchse mit einer sich aufweitenden, vorzugsweise kegelförmigen Gleitfläche, während eine Lagerschale mit einer sich ebenfalls aufweitenden Gleitfläche an dem Drehrahmen der Zentrifuge befestigt ist. Dabei ist die Lagerschale vorzugsweise geöffnet, um ein einfaches Einlegen der Buchse zu gewährleisten. Vorteilhafterweise weist die Lageranordnung eine Einrastmöglichkeit auf, wobei eine längsseitige, schlitzförmige Öffnung der Lagerschale geringfügig schmaler ist, als der Durchmesser der Buchse. Aber auch andere übliche Einlegemechanismen sind denkbar und von der Erfindung umfaßt.In the centrifuge according to the invention sits on the line for feeding and / or draining off at least one fluid, a sliding bush with a self widening, preferably conical sliding surface, while a Bearing shell with a widening sliding surface on the Rotating frame of the centrifuge is attached. Here is the bearing shell preferably opened to allow easy insertion of the socket guarantee. The bearing arrangement advantageously has one Snap on, with a longitudinal, slot-shaped opening of the Bearing shell is slightly narrower than the diameter of the bush. But other conventional insertion mechanisms are also conceivable and of the invention includes.

Da die Leitung nur die Gleitbuchse umfaßt, ist deren Herstellung einfach und kostengünstig. Die Gleitbuchse kann als separates Bauteil, vorzugsweise als Spritzgießteil, ausgebildet sein, das auf die Leitung aufgeschoben und mit der Leitung drehfest verbunden, beispielsweise verschweißt oder verklebt, ist. Alternativ kann die Gleitbuchse auch mit der Leitung einstückig sein.Since the line only includes the sliding bush, its manufacture is simple and inexpensive. The sliding bush can be used as a separate component, preferably as Injection molded part, be formed, which is pushed onto the line and with the Cable is connected in a rotationally fixed manner, for example welded or glued. Alternatively, the sliding bush can also be made in one piece with the line.

Die Gleitbuchse und die Lagerschale weisen jeweils einen zylindrischen Abschnitt auf, der sich an deren Gleitfläche anschließt. Die zylindrischen Abschnitte von Gleitbuchsen und Lagerschalen stellen keine Lauffläche dar, sondern dienen nur der zusätzlichen Zentrierung bzw. Justierung der Leitung. Durch die Eigenspannung der Leitung wird die Gleitfläche der Gleitbuchse auf die Gleitfläche der Lagerschale gedrückt, wobei die zylindrischen Abschnitte von Gleitbuchse und Lagerschale nicht belastet werden. Vorteilhafterweise sind die Gleitflächen derart ausgestaltet, daß nur eine sehr kleine kreislinienförmige Auflagefläche entsteht.The sliding bush and the bearing shell each have a cylindrical section on, which connects to their sliding surface. The cylindrical sections of Slide bushes and bearing shells do not represent a running surface, they only serve the additional centering or adjustment of the line. Through the The internal stress of the line becomes the sliding surface of the sliding bush on the sliding surface pressed the bearing shell, the cylindrical sections of the sliding bush and Bearing shell are not loaded. The sliding surfaces are advantageously of this type designed that only a very small circular contact surface is created.

Unter einer Leitung zum Zuführen und/oder Abführen mindestens eines Fluids wird in diesem Zusammenhang nicht nur ein Schlauch mit einem oder mehreren Lumen, sondern auch eine Anordnung von mehreren einlumigen Schläuchen verstanden.Under a line for supplying and / or discharging at least one fluid in this context is not just a hose with one or more Lumens, but also an arrangement of several single-lumen tubes Roger that.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform besteht die Gleitbuchse aus einem Material, das eine geringere Härte als das Material hat, aus dem die Lagerschale besteht. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Dauerfestigkeit der nicht austauschbaren Lagerschale sichergestellt ist. Der Verschleiß der Gleitbuchse ist hingegen insofern nicht nachteilig, als diese Bestandteil der zum einmaligen Gebrauch bestimmten Leitung ist.In a preferred embodiment, the sliding bushing consists of a material which has a lower hardness than the material from which the bearing shell is made. This has the advantage that the fatigue strength of the non-replaceable bearing shell is ensured. In contrast, the wear of the sliding bush is not disadvantageous as this is part of the line intended for single use is.

Mit dem aus der Gleitbuchse und Lagerschale bestehenden Lagere werden die auf die Leitung wirkenden Zentrifugalkräfte auf den Drehrahmen übertragen, wodurch die Leitung entlastet wird. Die sich berührenden Teile der Gleitfläche der Lagerschale und des Gleitlagers sind dabei so klein, daß wenig Hitze, geringer Abrieb und geringe Geräuschentwicklung entsteht. Die Erweiterung der Gleitfläche und ein umlaufender Ansatz sorgen dabei für eine exakte Zentrierung und einen genauen Rundlauf der Leitung. Dadurch ist eine Erhöhung der Zentrifugendrehzahl möglich, und ein Herausgleiten der Buchse aus der Lagerschale wird verhindert. Es erfolgt weiterhin eine drehzahlabhängige Anpressung der Gleitbuchse in der Lagerschale bei geringstmöglichen Reibungsverlusten.With the existing bearing consisting of the sliding bush and bearing shell the centrifugal forces acting on the line are transferred to the rotating frame, whereby the line is relieved. The touching parts of the sliding surface of the Bearing shell and the plain bearing are so small that little heat, less Abrasion and low noise are generated. The expansion of the sliding surface and a circumferential approach ensure exact centering and one exact concentricity of the line. This increases the centrifuge speed possible, and a sliding out of the bushing from the bearing shell is prevented. It there is still a speed-dependent pressing of the sliding bush in the Bearing shell with the least possible friction loss.

Die Gleitbuchse besteht vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff, vorzugsweise aus Polyacetal-Kunststoff (POM) oder Teflon, d.h. einem Material mit einer geringeren Abriebfestigkeit, während die Lagerschale vorzugsweise aus Metall, insbesondere Stahl, d.h. einem Material mit einer höheren Abriebfestigkeit besteht. Von Vorteil sind insbesondere Materialien mit einem geringen Reibungskoeffizienten. Die Gleitfläche von Lagerschale und Gleitbuchse sind vorzugsweise derart bearbeitet, daß möglichst geringe Reibungsverluste auftreten.The sliding bush is preferably made of plastic, preferably polyacetal plastic (POM) or Teflon, i.e. a material with a lower Abrasion resistance, while the bearing shell is preferably made of metal, in particular Steel, i.e. a material with a higher abrasion resistance. Advantageous are especially materials with a low coefficient of friction. The The sliding surface of the bearing shell and the sliding bush are preferably machined in such a way that the lowest possible friction losses occur.

Um die auf der Leitung sitzende Gleitbuchse in die Lagerschale einlegen zu können, ist die Lagerschale vorteilhafterweise an einer Stelle geschlitzt. In die seitliche Öffnung wird der zylindrische Abschnitt der Gleitbuchse eingeführt, und die Gleitfläche der Gleitbuchse wird dann auf die Gleitfläche der Lagerschale aufgelegt. Damit ist die Gleitbuchse in der Lagerschale zentriert.To insert the sliding bush sitting on the line into the bearing shell can, the bearing shell is advantageously slotted at one point. In the lateral opening, the cylindrical portion of the sliding bush is inserted, and the sliding surface of the sliding bush is then on the sliding surface of the bearing shell hung up. The sliding bush is thus centered in the bearing shell.

In der Praxis hat sich gezeigt, daß die Leitung insbesondere während des Anlaufens der Zentrifuge aus der Lagerschale herausspringen kann. Der zylindrische Abschnitt der Gleitbuchse weist daher vorteilhafterweise einen umlaufenden Ansatz auf, der ein Herausspringen der Leitung wirkungsvoll verhindert.In practice it has been shown that the line is particularly useful during start-up the centrifuge can jump out of the bearing shell. The cylindrical Section of the sliding bush therefore advantageously has a circumferential approach that effectively prevents the line from jumping out.

Das Gleitlager zur Abstützung der Leitung ist zwecksmäßig seitlich an dem rotierenden Drehrahmen der Zentrifuge angeordnet, der die Separationseinheit trägt, so daß die Leitung in einem Bogen seitlich um die Separationseinheit zu der ortsfesten Anschlußstelle geführt werden kann. Wenn sich das Gleitlager etwa auf der Höhe befindet, in der die Separationseinheit angeordnet ist, d.h. im Bereich des unteren Drittels der von der Separationseinheit zu der ortsfesten Anschlußstelle verlaufenden Leitung, wird die Leitung ausreichend abgestützt. Weitere Gleitlager sind dann zur Abstützung der Leitung nicht mehr erforderlich.The slide bearing for supporting the line is purpose-wise on the side rotating rotating frame of the centrifuge arranged the separation unit carries, so that the line laterally in an arc around the Separation unit can be guided to the fixed connection point. If the plain bearing is approximately at the level at which the separation unit is arranged, i.e. in the area of the lower third of that of the Separation unit to the fixed line running line is the line is adequately supported. More plain bearings are then available Support of the line is no longer required.

Im folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert.The following is a reference to the drawings Embodiment of the invention explained in more detail.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Prinzipskizze eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer gleitdichtungsfreien Durchflußzentrifuge zum Zentrifugieren von einem biologischen Fluid, insbesondere Blut,
Fig. 2
eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Leitungsabschnitts der in die Zentrifuge einzulegenden Schlauchleitung mit einer Gleitbuchse,
Fig. 3
die Lagerschale zum Einlegen der Gleitbuchse der Schlauchleitung in vergrößerter Darstellung,
Fig. 4
die Lagerschale von Fig. 3 in der Ansicht aus der Richtung des Pfeils IV,
Fig. 5
die in die Lagerschale eingesetzte Gleitbuchse der Schlauchleitung und
Fig. 6
die Gleitflächen der Lagerschale und der Gleitbuchse, wobei die Auflagefläche kreislinienförmig ist.
Show it:
Fig. 1
2 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a flow-through centrifuge free of mechanical seals for centrifuging a biological fluid, in particular blood,
Fig. 2
2 shows an enlarged view of a line section of the hose line to be inserted into the centrifuge with a sliding bush,
Fig. 3
the bearing shell for inserting the sliding bushing of the hose line in an enlarged view,
Fig. 4
3 in the view from the direction of arrow IV,
Fig. 5
the sliding bushing of the hose line inserted into the bearing shell and
Fig. 6
the sliding surfaces of the bearing shell and the sliding bush, the bearing surface being circular.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Prinzipskizze einer gleitdichtungsfreien Durchflußzentrifuge zum Zentrifugieren eines biologischen Fluids, insbesondere Blut, die in ihrem Aufbau und ihrer Funktion der Zentrifuge entspricht, die in der DE 32 42 541 Al beschrieben ist. Die Durchflußzentrifuge weist einen Drehrahmen 1 mit einer unteren 1a und einer oberen Tragplatte 1b sowie zwei Seitenteilen 1c, 1d auf. Der Drehrahmen 1 ist an einem ortsfesten Gestell 2 um eine vertikale Achse 3 drehbar gelagert und wird von einer in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellten Antriebseinheit mit einer Drehzahl n1 angetrieben. An der oberen Tragplatte 1b des Drehrahmens 1 ist um die Rotationsachse des Rahmens drehbar eine Separationseinheit 4 in Form einer zylindrischen Kammer gelagert. Die Separationskammer wird mit einer nicht dargestellten Antriebseinheit in der gleichen Drehrichtung wie der Drehrahmen, aber mit doppelter Drehzahl n2 = 2 n1 angetrieben. Die Separationseinheit kann an der Ober- oder Unterseite der Tragplatte befestigt sein.Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a flow centrifuge free of mechanical seals for centrifuging a biological fluid, in particular blood, which corresponds in structure and function to the centrifuge described in DE 32 42 541 A1. The flow centrifuge has a rotating frame 1 with a lower 1a and an upper support plate 1b and two side parts 1c, 1d. The rotating frame 1 is rotatably mounted on a stationary frame 2 about a vertical axis 3 and is driven by a drive unit (not shown in FIG. 1) at a speed n 1 . On the upper support plate 1b of the rotating frame 1, a separation unit 4 in the form of a cylindrical chamber is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation of the frame. The separation chamber is driven with a drive unit, not shown, in the same direction of rotation as the rotating frame, but at twice the speed n 2 = 2 n 1 . The separation unit can be attached to the top or bottom of the support plate.

Von einer ortsfesten Anschlußstelle 5 des Zentrifugengestells 1 ist eine flexible Leitung 6, in der eine oder mehrere Schläuche zum Zuführen und Abführen des Blutes bzw. der Blutbestandteile in die Zentrifugenkammer 4 bzw. aus der Kammer zusammengefaßt sind, um die Zentrifugenkammer 4 herumgeführt und an der Unterseite der Kammer angeschlossen. Ein Verdrillen der Leitung wird dadurch vermieden, daß die Leitung 6 mit der halben Drehzahl wie die Zentrifugenkammer um diese herumgeführt wird.From a fixed connection point 5 of the centrifuge frame 1 is a flexible Line 6, in which one or more hoses for feeding and discharging the blood or the blood components in the centrifuge chamber 4 or from the Chamber are summarized around the centrifuge chamber 4 and connected to the bottom of the chamber. A twisting of the line is avoided in that the line 6 at half the speed as the Centrifuge chamber is guided around this.

Die Leitung 6 ist Bestandteil eines Disposables, das neben der Zentrifugenkammer 4 noch Beutel zum Sammeln der durch die Zentrifugation separierten Blutkomponenten umfassen kann. Das Disposable wird in die Zentrifuge eingelegt und nach dem Gebrauch verworfen. Derartige Schlauchanordnungen gehören zum Stand der Technik, so daß sich hier eine weitere Erläuterung erübrigt. Ein mehrere Sammelbeutel umfassendes Disposable ist beispielsweise in der DE-A-28 45 364 und DE-A-28 45 399 beschrieben. Line 6 is part of a disposable, which in addition to Centrifuge chamber 4 still bags for collecting the by centrifugation separated blood components can include. The disposable is in the Centrifuge inserted and discarded after use. such Hose arrangements are part of the prior art, so that here no further explanation is necessary. A comprehensive collection bag Disposable is for example in DE-A-28 45 364 and DE-A-28 45 399 described.

Um die mechanische Beanspruchung der als Multilumenschlauch ausgebildeten Leitung infolge der Zentrifugalkräfte zu verringern, ist diese an dem Drehrahmen 1 mit einem Lager 7 abgestützt. Das in Fig. 1 nur andeutungsweise dargestellte Lager ist an einem seitlichen Arm 8 an der oberen Tragplatte 1b des Drehrahmens 1 befestigt. Nachfolgend wird das Lager unter Bezugnahme auf die Fig. 2 bis 5 im einzelnen beschrieben.To the mechanical stress of the multi-lumen tube To reduce line due to the centrifugal forces, this is on the Rotating frame 1 supported with a bearing 7. That in Fig. 1 only indicated bearing is on a side arm 8 on the upper support plate 1b of the rotating frame 1 attached. Below is that Bearing described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

Das Lager weist eine auf der Schlauchleitung sitzende Gleitbuchse und eine Lagerschale auf, die an dem Drehrahmen 1 befestigt ist.The bearing has a sliding bush sitting on the hose line and one Bearing shell, which is attached to the rotating frame 1.

Fig. 2 zeigt den Abschnitt, der einen oder mehrere Schläuche 6a,6b umfassenden Schlauchleitung 6, auf dem die Gleitbuchse 9 sitzt. Die aus Polyacetal-Kunststoff (POM) oder Teflon bestehende Gleitbuchse 9 weist einen zylindrischen Abschnitt 10 auf, der in einen die Gleitfläche bildenden kegelförmigen Abschnitt 11 übergeht. An seinem dem kegelförmigen Abschnitt gegenüberliegenden Ende ist der zylindrische Abschnitt 10 der Gleitbuchse 9 mit einem umlaufenden Ansatz 12 versehen. Die Gleitbuchse 9 ist fest mit der Schlauchleitung 6 verklebt oder verschweißt, die sich durch deren axiale Bohrung erstreckt.Fig. 2 shows the section that one or more hoses 6a, 6b comprehensive hose line 6, on which the sliding bush 9 sits. From Polyacetal plastic (POM) or Teflon existing sliding bush 9 has one cylindrical section 10, which in a forming the sliding surface conical section 11 merges. At its the conical section opposite end is the cylindrical portion 10 of the slide bush 9 provided with a circumferential approach 12. The sliding bush 9 is fixed to the Hose line 6 glued or welded, which is characterized by its axial Hole extends.

Die Lagerschale 13 weist eine abgesetzte Bohrung mit einem zylindrischen Abschnitt 14 und einem kegelförmigen Abschnitt 15 auf, der die gleiche Konizität wie der kegelförmige Abschnitt 11 der Gleitbuchse 9 hat. An einer Seite ist die Lagerschale 13 geschlitzt. Die Breite der Öffnung 16 ist so bemessen, daß der zylindrische Abschnitt 10 der Gleitbuchse 9 seitlich in die Lagerschale 13 eingedrückt werden kann und in der Lagerschale einrastend festgelegt ist. Die Länge des zylindrischen Abschnitts 10 der Gleitbuchse 9 ist geringfügig größer als die Höhe der Lagerschale 13.The bearing shell 13 has a stepped bore with a cylindrical Section 14 and a conical section 15 which is the same Has conicity as the conical section 11 of the sliding bush 9. At a The bearing shell 13 is slotted. The width of the opening 16 is so dimensioned that the cylindrical portion 10 of the sliding bush 9 laterally in the Bearing shell 13 can be pressed and snapped into the bearing shell is set. The length of the cylindrical portion 10 of the slide bush 9 is slightly larger than the height of the bearing shell 13.

Fig. 5 zeigt die in die Lagerschale 13 eingelegte Gleitbuchse 9 der Leitung 6. Zum Einlegen der Gleitbuchse 9 wird deren zylindrischer Abschnitt 10 in die seitliche Öffnung 16 der Lagerschale 13 eingeführt, und der kegelförmige Abschnitt 11 der Gleitbuchse wird auf die kegelförmige Gleitfläche 15 der Lagerschale aufgelegt. Die Lagerschale ist dabei derart an dem Drehrahmen befestigt, daß deren Gleitfläche 15 oben liegt. Die Gleitbuchse 9 ist in der Lagerschale 13 in axialer und radialer Richtung fixiert, wobei der umlaufende Ansatz 12 der Gleitbuchse ein Herausrutschen derselben aus der Lagerschale verhindert.5 shows the sliding bush 9 of the line 6 inserted in the bearing shell 13. To insert the sliding bush 9, the cylindrical portion 10 is in the lateral opening 16 of the bearing shell 13 inserted, and the conical Section 11 of the sliding bush is on the conical sliding surface 15 of the Bearing shell. The bearing shell is in this way on the rotating frame attached that the sliding surface 15 is above. The sliding bush 9 is in the Bearing shell 13 fixed in the axial and radial directions, the circumferential Approach 12 of the sliding bush slipping out of the bearing shell prevented.

Figur 6 zeigt die in die Lagerschale 13 eingelegte Gleitbuchse 9' einer weiteren Ausführungsform. Bei dieser Ausführungsform sind die Gleitflächen der Lagerschale und der Gleitbuchse derart ausgebildet, daß sich Gleitbuchse und Lagerschale nur entlang einer Kreislinie 17 berühren. Damit ist die Auflagefläche minimal.FIG. 6 shows the sliding bush 9 'inserted into the bearing shell 13 another embodiment. In this embodiment, the sliding surfaces the bearing shell and the sliding bush formed such that there is sliding bush and touch the bearing shell only along a circular line 17. So that's it Minimal contact area.

Claims (11)

  1. Centrifuge with a rotary frame (1), which is pivoted on a frame (2), a separation unit pivoted on the frame (2), which unit may be driven at double speed in the same direction as the rotary frame, a conduit (6) for supplying and/or removing at least one fluid, which conduit is guided from a fixed connection point (5) around the separation unit (4) and is connected on a side of the separation unit (4) facing away from the fixed connection point (5) to the same, and with at least one bearing (7) for supporting the conduit (6), which bearing exhibits a sliding bush (9) and a bearing bush (13), the bearing bush (13) being secured to the rotary frame (1) and the bearing bush (13) and the sliding bush (9) each exhibiting a sliding face (11, 15) expanding in radius, so that the sliding bush (9) is supported in the bearing bush (13) in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the sliding bush (9), and transversely to its longitudinal axis, characterised in that the sliding bush (9) exhibits a cylindrical section (10) to which is connected its sliding face (11) expanding in radius, and in that the bearing bush (13) exhibits a cylindrical section (14) to which is connected its sliding face (15) expanding in radius.
  2. Centrifuge according to claim 1, characterised in that the sliding bush (9) consists of a material which has a lower hardness than the material of which the bearing bush (13) consists.
  3. Centrifuge according to daim 1 or 2, characterised in that the sliding bush (9) consists of plastic, preferably polyacetal plastic or teflon.
  4. Centrifuge according to one of claims 1-3, characterised in that the bearing bush (13) consists of metal, preferably steel.
  5. Centrifuge according to one of claims 1-4, characterised in that the sliding faces (11, 15), expanding in radius, of the sliding bush (9) and bearing bush (13), are conical in shape.
  6. Centrifuge according to one of claims 1-5, characterised in that the bearing bush (13) is slotted on one side for the purpose of inserting the sliding bush (9).
  7. Centrifuge according to one of claims 1-6, characterised in that the cylindrical section (10) of the sliding bush (9) is provided with a peripheral shoulder (12).
  8. Conduit for supplying and/or removing at least one fluid from a separation unit which is pivoted on a rotary frame, which is in tum pivoted on a frame, the separation unit being driven at double speed in the same direction as the rotary frame, and where at least one sliding bush (9), exhibiting a sliding face (11) expanding in radius, sits on the conduit so that the sliding bush (9) can be inserted in a bearing bush and is supported in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the sliding bush (9) and transversely to its longitudinal axis in the bearing bush, characterised in that the sliding bush (9) exhibits a cylindrical section (10) to which is connected the sliding face (11) expanding in radius.
  9. Conduit according to claim 8, characterised in that the sliding bush (9) consists of plastic, preferably polyacetal plastic or teflon.
  10. Conduit according to claim 8 or 9, characterised in that the sliding face (11) of the sliding bush (9), expanding in radius, is conical in shape.
  11. Conduit according to claim 10, characterised in that the cylindrical section (10) of the sliding bush (9) is provided with a peripheral shoulder (12).
EP99101930A 1998-01-30 1999-01-29 Centrifuge and conduit for supplying and/or removing at least one fluid from the separation unit of a centrifuge to a fixed connection site Expired - Lifetime EP0933133B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803534A DE19803534C2 (en) 1998-01-30 1998-01-30 Centrifuge and line for supplying and / or discharging at least one fluid from the separation unit of a centrifuge to a fixed connection point
DE19803534 1998-01-30

Publications (3)

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EP0933133A2 EP0933133A2 (en) 1999-08-04
EP0933133A3 EP0933133A3 (en) 2000-06-21
EP0933133B1 true EP0933133B1 (en) 2002-05-08

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EP99101930A Expired - Lifetime EP0933133B1 (en) 1998-01-30 1999-01-29 Centrifuge and conduit for supplying and/or removing at least one fluid from the separation unit of a centrifuge to a fixed connection site

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US (1) US6273849B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0933133B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4354563B2 (en)
DE (2) DE19803534C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2177149T3 (en)

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DE59901371D1 (en) 2002-06-13
DE19803534C2 (en) 1999-11-11
EP0933133A3 (en) 2000-06-21
JPH11262684A (en) 1999-09-28
EP0933133A2 (en) 1999-08-04
DE19803534A1 (en) 1999-08-12
ES2177149T3 (en) 2002-12-01
JP4354563B2 (en) 2009-10-28
US6273849B1 (en) 2001-08-14

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