EP0932925A1 - Device for contactless transmission of electric energy - Google Patents
Device for contactless transmission of electric energyInfo
- Publication number
- EP0932925A1 EP0932925A1 EP98946281A EP98946281A EP0932925A1 EP 0932925 A1 EP0932925 A1 EP 0932925A1 EP 98946281 A EP98946281 A EP 98946281A EP 98946281 A EP98946281 A EP 98946281A EP 0932925 A1 EP0932925 A1 EP 0932925A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- line
- consumer
- monitoring device
- energy
- power line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an energy transmission device according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Generic energy transmission devices are used for the transmission of electrical energy from a stationary power line of a primary circuit to the secondary circuit of a mobile consumer. Possible applications are, for example, industrial assembly systems or passenger vehicles.
- the contactless inductive energy transmission is advantageous. It allows wear-free sliding contacts to be dispensed with. In addition, there are no difficulties in securing bare lines when installing the power line on the floor and poor contacting as a result of dirty cable strands. Laying the cables in the floor, ceiling or walls can even eliminate the risk of tripping on current guiding rails that were previously common.
- the secondary circuit of the consumer forms an oscillating circuit which is coupled to the primary circuit via the coil and resonates with the frequency of the primary circuit.
- WO 93/23909 describes a system in which the primary circuit has conductor loops arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel. These conductor loops are bridged and therefore no current flows through them if there is no consumer in the area of their electrical field.
- this concept does not offer a solution for the operation of several consumers, since unused line parts do not have to be switched off, but several consumers have to be supplied despite the blocked primary line.
- Fig. 1 shows an inductive energy transmission system according to the prior art
- Fig. 2 shows an energy transmission device according to the present invention.
- An energy transmission device has a primary circuit with a power line 2, which is supplied with energy via an AC voltage source 1.
- capacitors 3 are integrated into the power line 2 at certain intervals.
- the power consumers 100 and 200 each have a coil 5, which is wound around a U-shaped ferrite core 4, for example.
- This coil 5 is connected to a load resistor 7 via power lines 6.
- This consumer resistor 7 can be, for example, a vehicle engine or a control circuit.
- the secondary circuit has a device which acts as a capacitor and which is connected to the coil 5 in parallel with the consumption resistor 7. This is necessary so that the secondary circuit can form a resonance circuit. For the sake of clarity, the capacitor has not been shown.
- a high-frequency alternating voltage is now applied to the voltage source 1, an alternating current flows through the power line 2.
- An electromagnetic field is formed around it. Due to the magnetization of the U-shaped ferrite core, it leads to a charge shift in the coil 5.
- the high-frequency change in direction of the current in the power line 2 leads to a constant reversal of the electromagnetic field and thus to a resonant change in direction of the charge shifts in the coil 5.
- the so induced alternating current can be supplied to a consumption resistor 7 via the lines 6.
- FIG. 2 shows an energy transmission device according to the present invention.
- the system uses the consumers and parts of the primary circuit according to the prior art from FIG. 1. The same components are assigned the same numbers as in FIG. 1.
- the system has a primary power line 2 with an AC voltage source 1.
- An auxiliary line 8 runs parallel to the power line 2.
- This auxiliary line 8 is connected to the power line 2 at certain intervals at connection points 10, 11.
- the capacitors 3 were chosen as connection points.
- a monitoring device 43 is provided in the auxiliary line 8 between each two of these connection points.
- a current branch 42 with a switch 41 is assigned, which can be opened and closed via the monitoring device 43.
- the monitoring device 43 of the section of the route concerned switches the switch 41 between two adjacent connection points 10, 11 into the open state. In this way, the current cannot flow through the auxiliary line 8, since both the monitoring device 43 and the open switch 41 do not conduct. In this case, the entire current flows only through the power line 2 and thus along the coil 5 of the consumer 100.
- the monitoring device 43 closes the switch 41. As a result, the current flows not only via the power line 2, but also via the auxiliary line 8 and the branch line 42. In this way, the current from the first connection point 10 can both Flow to the next connection point 11 via the power line 2 and also via the power line 8 and branch line 42.
- the field of the power line 2 is thus less pronounced and the transmitted power is lower.
- the switch 41 can be closed in a clocked manner for the continuous regulation of the power of the consumer. By regulating the clock frequency or the duty cycle, the power values can be set between a maximum transmission with the switch always open and a minimum with the switch permanently closed. To prevent line 2 from being blocked by a switched-off consumer 100, switch 41 can be closed permanently. In this way, in section 10-11, the entire current is passed on to the next connection point 11 via the auxiliary line 8 and the branch line 42.
- a changed power requirement of the consumer affects the primary circuit.
- the control of the switch 41 can be carried out by the monitoring device 43 by measuring the voltage or a minimal measurement current flow in the local auxiliary line section 8. In the event of predetermined value deviations, the monitoring device 43 then outputs switching pulses to the switch 41.
- Another possibility for controlling the switch 41 is to transmit signals from the consumers 100 themselves to the monitoring device 43.
- contactless data transmission devices are provided to the consumers 100, 200 and the monitoring devices 43. These can work inductively, via radio or according to another known principle.
- a separate monitoring device 43 can be provided for each line section 8, as shown in FIG. 2. However, it is also possible to control several sections of the route jointly from a central monitoring device. For this purpose, the consumers 100, 200 would send their signals to the common monitoring device 43, for example. This could then switch the respective switches 41 according to the requirements.
- variable regulating resistors can also be provided instead of the switch 41.
- the regulation of the current flow via the auxiliary line sections 8 would then not take place by opening or closing a switch but by regulating the level of a variable resistor. Since the power control described is in each case related to a route segment, it is advisable to adapt the size of the route segments to the size of the consumers 100, 200. Another possibility for the independent control of the individual consumers 100, 200 would be to maintain a sufficient operating distance.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for contactless transmission of energy from a primary current lead traversed by alternating current (2) to a plurality of secondary, resonant load circuits (100, 200), each of which has at least one coil (5) drawing energy from the electromagnetic field of the current lead (2). The inventive device is used, for example, in industrial assemblage systems or in private passenger vehicles. Known systems can be problematic in the event of simultaneous use by several consumers. A consumer which is drawing little energy from the primary circuit impedes current flow through the primary circuit, and thus the supply for other consumers. Known solutions require decoupling devices on each user. The invention therefore seeks to supply several users with energy simply and independently of one another, by means of an energy transmission device. To this end, a pilot wire (8) runs parallel to the current lead (2) to which it is connected via several junctions (10, 11). In addition, a rheostat (45) is fitted in at least one section of the pilot line (8), between two connecting points (10, 11), and is controlled by a monitoring device (43).
Description
Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Übertragung elektrischer Device for the contactless transmission of electrical
Energieenergy
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Energieübertragungsvorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The present invention relates to an energy transmission device according to the preamble of claim 1.
Gattungsgemäße Energieübertragungsvorrichtungen werden zur Übertragung elektrischer Energie von einer stationären Stromleitung eines primären Stromkreises auf den sekundären Stromkreis eines beweglichen Verbrauchers benutzt. Mögliche Einsatzfälle sind beispielsweise Industriemontagesysteme oder Personenfahrzeuge.Generic energy transmission devices are used for the transmission of electrical energy from a stationary power line of a primary circuit to the secondary circuit of a mobile consumer. Possible applications are, for example, industrial assembly systems or passenger vehicles.
Vorteilhaft ist dabei die berührungslose induktive Energieübertragung. Sie gestattet den Verzicht auf verschleißanfällige Schleifkontakte. Außerdem entfallen Schwierigkeiten bei der Absicherung blankliegender Leitungen bei Montage der Stromleitung am Boden und mangelhafte Kontaktierung infolge verschmutzter Leitungsstränge. Durch eine Verlegung der Leitungen in Boden, Decke oder Wänden kann sogar die Stolpergefahr bisher üblicher Stromführungsschienen beseitigt werden.The contactless inductive energy transmission is advantageous. It allows wear-free sliding contacts to be dispensed with. In addition, there are no difficulties in securing bare lines when installing the power line on the floor and poor contacting as a result of dirty cable strands. Laying the cables in the floor, ceiling or walls can even eliminate the risk of tripping on current guiding rails that were previously common.
Problematisch bei bekannten Systemen ist der gleichzeitige Betrieb mehrerer Verbraucher. Ursache hierfür ist die Wechselwirkung zwischen Verbraucher und stationärer Stromleitung.The problem with known systems is the simultaneous operation of several consumers. The reason for this is the interaction between the consumer and the stationary power line.
Im normalen Betrieb wird der primäre Stromkreis von Wechselstrom durchflössen. Der sekundäre Stromkreis des Verbrauchers bildet einen Schwingkreis, der über die Spule mit dem Primärkreis gekoppelt ist und resonant zur Frequenz des Primärkreises mitschwingt.In normal operation, alternating current flows through the primary circuit. The secondary circuit of the consumer forms an oscillating circuit which is coupled to the primary circuit via the coil and resonates with the frequency of the primary circuit.
Entnimmt ein Verbraucher dem Primärkreis weniger Energie, so bedeutet dies eine erhöhte Impendanz im Verbraucherstromkreis. Durch den transformatorischen Effekt wird diese Impendanz in den Primärkreis gespiegelt. Durch diese erhöhte Impendanz im
Primärkreis wird der Stromfluß durch den Primärstromkreis und somit die Versorgung anderer Verbraucher behindert. Wird gar keine Energie entnommen, so blockiert die Spule des Verbrauchers den Stromfluß im Primärleiter vollständig. Weitere Verbraucher können also unabhängig vom ersten nicht betrieben und nicht einzeln in ihrer Leistungsentnahme reguliert werden.If a consumer draws less energy from the primary circuit, this means an increased impedance in the consumer circuit. This impedance is reflected in the primary circuit by the transformer effect. Due to this increased impedance in Primary circuit, the flow of current through the primary circuit and thus the supply to other consumers is impeded. If no energy is drawn at all, the consumer coil completely blocks the current flow in the primary conductor. Other consumers can therefore not be operated independently of the first one and cannot be regulated individually in their power consumption.
Ein Ansatz dazu läßt sich der Patentschrift PCT 92/17929 entnehmen. Hier wird auf jedem Verbraucher eine elektrische oder mechanische Entkopplungsvorrichtung angebracht. Dieses Konzept erfordert jedoch z.B. auf Verbraucherfahrzeugen den Transport einer aufwendigen Entkopplungsvorrichtung beispielsweise eines hydraulischen Hubkolbens.One approach to this can be found in the patent specification PCT 92/17929. Here, an electrical or mechanical decoupling device is attached to each consumer. However, this concept requires e.g. on consumer vehicles the transport of a complex decoupling device, for example a hydraulic lifting piston.
Die WO 93/23909 beschreibt ein System, bei dem der primäre Stromkreis in Fahrtrichtung hintereinander angeordnete Leiterschleifen aufweist. Diese Leiterschleifen werden überbrückt und somit nicht von Strom durchflössen, wenn sich kein Verbraucher im Bereich ihres elektrischen Feldes befindet. Dieses Konzept bietet jedoch keine Lösung für den Betrieb mehrerer Verbraucher, da dabei nicht unbenutzte Leitungsteile abzuschalten sind, sondern mehrere Verbraucher trotz blockierter Primärleitung zu versorgen sind.WO 93/23909 describes a system in which the primary circuit has conductor loops arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel. These conductor loops are bridged and therefore no current flows through them if there is no consumer in the area of their electrical field. However, this concept does not offer a solution for the operation of several consumers, since unused line parts do not have to be switched off, but several consumers have to be supplied despite the blocked primary line.
Es besteht daher die Aufgabe, eine gattungsgemäße Energieübertragungsvorrichtung so zu gestalten, daß mehrere Verbraucher auf einfache Weise unabhängig voneinander mit Energie versorgt werden können.It is therefore the task of designing a generic energy transmission device in such a way that several consumers can be supplied with energy independently of one another in a simple manner.
Gelöst wird die Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind den Unteransprüchen entnehmbar.The object is achieved with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the subclaims.
Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der begleitenden Zeichnungen detailliert beschrieben. Die Zeichnungen zeigen :In the following an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings show:
Fig. 1 ein induktives Energieübertragungssystem nach dem Stand der Technik
Fig. 2 eine Energieübertragungsvorrichtung nach der vorliegenden Erfindung.Fig. 1 shows an inductive energy transmission system according to the prior art Fig. 2 shows an energy transmission device according to the present invention.
Eine Energieübertragungsvorrichtung nach dem Stand der Technik besitzt einen primären Stromkreis mit einer Stromleitung 2, der über eine Wechselspannungsquelle 1 mit Energie versorgt wird. Zum resonanten Betrieb des Stromkreises sind in bestimmten Abständen Kondensatoren 3 in die Stromleitung 2 integriert.An energy transmission device according to the prior art has a primary circuit with a power line 2, which is supplied with energy via an AC voltage source 1. For resonant operation of the circuit, capacitors 3 are integrated into the power line 2 at certain intervals.
Zur Entnahme von Energie aus dem Primärstromkreis besitzen die Stromverbraucher 100 und 200 jeweils eine Spule 5, die um einen beispielsweise U-förmigen Ferritkern 4 gewickelt ist. Diese Spule 5 ist über Stromleitungen 6 mit einem Verbraucherwiderstand 7 verbunden. Dieser Verbraucherwiderstand 7 kann beispielsweise ein Fahrzeugmotor oder eine Regelungsschaltung sein. Weiterhin besitzt der sekundäre Stromkreis eine als Kondensator wirkende Vorrichtung, die parallel zum Verbrauchswiderstand 7 an der Spule 5 anliegt. Dies ist notwendig, damit der sekundäre Stromkreis einen Resonanzkreis bilden kann. Auf die Darstellung des Kondensators wurde der Übersichtlichkeit halber jedoch verzichtet.To extract energy from the primary circuit, the power consumers 100 and 200 each have a coil 5, which is wound around a U-shaped ferrite core 4, for example. This coil 5 is connected to a load resistor 7 via power lines 6. This consumer resistor 7 can be, for example, a vehicle engine or a control circuit. Furthermore, the secondary circuit has a device which acts as a capacitor and which is connected to the coil 5 in parallel with the consumption resistor 7. This is necessary so that the secondary circuit can form a resonance circuit. For the sake of clarity, the capacitor has not been shown.
Wird nun an der Spannungsquelle 1 eine hochfrequente Wechselspannung angelegt, so fließt ein Wechselstrom durch die Stromleitung 2. Um diese bildet sich ein elektromagnetisches Feld aus. Es führt durch die Magnetisierung des U-förmigen Ferritkernes zu einer Ladungsverschiebung in der Spule 5. Die hochfrequente Richtungsänderung des Stromes in der Stromleitung 2 führt zu einer ständigen Umkehr des elektromagnetischen Feldes und somit zu einem resonanten Richtungswechsel der Ladungsverschiebungen in der Spule 5. Der so induzierte Wechselstrom kann über die Leitungen 6 einem Verbrauchswiderstand 7 zugeführt werden.If a high-frequency alternating voltage is now applied to the voltage source 1, an alternating current flows through the power line 2. An electromagnetic field is formed around it. Due to the magnetization of the U-shaped ferrite core, it leads to a charge shift in the coil 5. The high-frequency change in direction of the current in the power line 2 leads to a constant reversal of the electromagnetic field and thus to a resonant change in direction of the charge shifts in the coil 5. The so induced alternating current can be supplied to a consumption resistor 7 via the lines 6.
Fig. 2 stellt eine Energieübertragungsvorrichtung nach der vorliegenden Erfindung dar. Das System benutzt die Verbraucher und Teile des Primärstromkreises nach dem Stand der Technik von Fig. 1. Gleiche Bauteile werden mit den gleichen Nummern wie in Fig. 1 belegt.
Das System besitzt eine primäre Stromleitung 2 mit einer Wechselspannungsquelle 1. Parallel zur Stromleitung 2 verläuft eine Hilfsleitung 8. Diese Hilfsleitung 8 ist in bestimmten Abständen an Verbindungsstellen 10,11 mit der Stromleitung 2 verbunden. Im vorliegenden Beispiel wurden als Verbindungsstellen die Kondensatoren 3 gewählt. Zwischen jeweils zwei dieser Verbindungsstellen ist in der Hilfsleitung 8 eine Überwachungsvorrichtung 43 vorgesehen. Parallel zu jeder Überwachungsvorrichtung 43 ist eine Stromabzweigung 42 mit einem Schalter 41 zugeordnet, der über die Überwachungsvorrichtung 43 geöffnet und geschlossen werden kann.FIG. 2 shows an energy transmission device according to the present invention. The system uses the consumers and parts of the primary circuit according to the prior art from FIG. 1. The same components are assigned the same numbers as in FIG. 1. The system has a primary power line 2 with an AC voltage source 1. An auxiliary line 8 runs parallel to the power line 2. This auxiliary line 8 is connected to the power line 2 at certain intervals at connection points 10, 11. In the present example, the capacitors 3 were chosen as connection points. A monitoring device 43 is provided in the auxiliary line 8 between each two of these connection points. In parallel with each monitoring device 43, a current branch 42 with a switch 41 is assigned, which can be opened and closed via the monitoring device 43.
Benötigt ein Verbraucher 100 die maximale Leistung aus der Stromleitung 2, so schaltet die Überwachungsvorrichtung 43 des jeweils betroffenen Streckenabschnittes zwischen zwei benachbarten Verbindungsstellen 10,11 den Schalter 41 in den geöffneten Zustand. Auf diese Weise kann der Strom nicht durch die Hilfsleitung 8 fließen, da sowohl die Überwachungsvorrichtung 43 als auch der geöffnete Schalter 41 nicht leiten. Der gesamte Strom fließt in diesem Fall nur durch die Stromleitung 2 und somit bei der Spule 5 des Verbrauchers 100 entlang.If a consumer 100 needs the maximum power from the power line 2, then the monitoring device 43 of the section of the route concerned in each case switches the switch 41 between two adjacent connection points 10, 11 into the open state. In this way, the current cannot flow through the auxiliary line 8, since both the monitoring device 43 and the open switch 41 do not conduct. In this case, the entire current flows only through the power line 2 and thus along the coil 5 of the consumer 100.
Benötigt ein Verbraucher 100 eine geringere Leistung so schließt die Überwachungsvorrichtung 43 den Schalter 41. Dadurch fließt der Strom nicht nur über die Stromleitung 2, sondern auch über die Hilfsleitung 8 und die Abzweigungsleitung 42. Auf diese Weise kann der Strom von der ersten Verbindungsstelle 10 sowohl über die Stromleitung 2 als auch über die Stromleitung 8 und Abzweigungsleitung 42 zur nächsten Verbindungsstelle 11 fließen. Das Feld der Stromleitung 2 ist somit weniger stark ausgeprägt und die übertragene Leistung geringer.If a consumer 100 needs a lower power, the monitoring device 43 closes the switch 41. As a result, the current flows not only via the power line 2, but also via the auxiliary line 8 and the branch line 42. In this way, the current from the first connection point 10 can both Flow to the next connection point 11 via the power line 2 and also via the power line 8 and branch line 42. The field of the power line 2 is thus less pronounced and the transmitted power is lower.
Zur kontinuierlichen Regulierung der Leistung des Verbrauchers kann der Schalter 41 getaktet geschlossen werden. Durch die Regulierung der Taktfrequenz oder des Tastverhältnisses lassen sich die Leistungswerte zwischen einer maximalen Übertragung bei ständig geöffnetem Schalter und einer minimalen bei ständig geschlossenem Schalter einstellen.
Zur Vermeidung einer Blockierung der Leitung 2 durch einen abgeschalteten Verbraucher 100 kann der Schalter 41 dauerhaft geschlossen werden. Auf diese Weise wird in Streckenabschnitt 10-11 der gesamte Strom über die Hilfsleitung 8 und die Abzweigungsleitung 42 zur nächsten Verbindungsstelle 11 weitergeleitet.The switch 41 can be closed in a clocked manner for the continuous regulation of the power of the consumer. By regulating the clock frequency or the duty cycle, the power values can be set between a maximum transmission with the switch always open and a minimum with the switch permanently closed. To prevent line 2 from being blocked by a switched-off consumer 100, switch 41 can be closed permanently. In this way, in section 10-11, the entire current is passed on to the next connection point 11 via the auxiliary line 8 and the branch line 42.
Ein veränderter Leistungsbedarf des Verbrauchers wirkt auf den Primärkreis zurück. Dadurch kann die Steuerung des Schalters 41 von der Überwachungsvorrichtung 43 durch Messen der Spannung oder eines minimalen Meßstromflusses im lokalen Hilfsleitungsabschnitt 8 ausgeführt werden. Bei vorgegebenen Werteabweichungen gibt die Überwachungsvorrichtung 43 dann Schaltimpulse an Schalter 41 ab.A changed power requirement of the consumer affects the primary circuit. As a result, the control of the switch 41 can be carried out by the monitoring device 43 by measuring the voltage or a minimal measurement current flow in the local auxiliary line section 8. In the event of predetermined value deviations, the monitoring device 43 then outputs switching pulses to the switch 41.
Eine andere Möglichkeit zur Steuerung des Schalters 41 besteht in der Übertragung von Signalen der Verbraucher 100 selbst auf die Überwachungsvorrichtung 43. Dazu sind berührungslose Datenübertragungseinrichtungen auf den Verbraucher 100, 200 und den Überwachungsvorrichtungen 43 vorgesehen. Diese können induktiv, über Funk oder nach einem sonstigen bekannten Prinzip arbeiten.Another possibility for controlling the switch 41 is to transmit signals from the consumers 100 themselves to the monitoring device 43. For this purpose, contactless data transmission devices are provided to the consumers 100, 200 and the monitoring devices 43. These can work inductively, via radio or according to another known principle.
Dabei kann jeweils für jeden Leitungsabschnitt 8, wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, eine eigene Überwachungsvorrichtung 43 vorgesehen werden. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, mehrere Streckenabschnitte gemeinsam von einer zentralen Überwachungsvorrichtung aus zu steuern. Die Verbraucher 100, 200 würden dazu beispielsweise ihre Signale an die gemeinsame Überwachungsvorrichtung 43 senden. Diese könnte dann die jeweiligen Schalter 41 den Anforderungen entsprechend schalten.A separate monitoring device 43 can be provided for each line section 8, as shown in FIG. 2. However, it is also possible to control several sections of the route jointly from a central monitoring device. For this purpose, the consumers 100, 200 would send their signals to the common monitoring device 43, for example. This could then switch the respective switches 41 according to the requirements.
In einer nicht gezeigten Ausführungsform können statt der Schalter 41 auch veränderbare Regelwiderstände vorgesehen werden. Die Regulierung des Stromflusses über die Hilfsleitungsabschnitte 8 würde dann nicht durch Öffnen oder Schließen eines Schalters sondern durch Regulieren der Höhe eines Regelwiderstandes erfolgen.
Da die beschriebene Leistungssteuerung jeweils auf ein Streckensegment bezogen ist, empfiehlt es sich, die Größe der Streckensegmente an die Größe der Verbraucher 100, 200 anzupassen. Eine andere Möglichkeit zur unabhängigen Steuerung der einzelnen Verbraucher 100, 200 wäre die Einhaltung eines ausreichenden Betriebsabstandes.
In an embodiment not shown, variable regulating resistors can also be provided instead of the switch 41. The regulation of the current flow via the auxiliary line sections 8 would then not take place by opening or closing a switch but by regulating the level of a variable resistor. Since the power control described is in each case related to a route segment, it is advisable to adapt the size of the route segments to the size of the consumers 100, 200. Another possibility for the independent control of the individual consumers 100, 200 would be to maintain a sufficient operating distance.
Claims
1. Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Übertragung von Energie von einer primären, mit Wechselstrom durchflossenen Stromleitung (2) auf eine Vielzahl sekundärer, resonanter Verbraucherstromkreise (100,200) mit jeweils mindestens einer Spule (5), die dem elektromagnetischen Feld der Stromleitung (2) Energie entnimmt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß parallel zur Stromleitung (2) eine Hilfsleitung (8) verläuft, die über mehrere Verbindungsstellen (10,11) mit der Stromleitung (2) verbunden ist, um den Strom von einer ersten Verbindungsstelle (10) über die Hilfsleitung (8) zu einer zweiten Verbindungsstelle (11) leiten zu können, und daß mindestens in einem Leitungsabschnitt zwischen zwei Verbindungsstellen (10,11) ein regelbarer Widerstand (45) in der Hilfsleitung (8) vorgesehen ist, der durch eine Überwachungsvorrichtung (43) gesteuert wird, um eine Blockierung der Leitung (2) durch einen abgeschalteten Verbraucher (100, 200) zu verhindern.1.Device for the contactless transmission of energy from a primary power line (2) through which alternating current flows to a plurality of secondary, resonant consumer circuits (100, 200), each with at least one coil (5) which takes energy from the electromagnetic field of the power line (2), characterized in that an auxiliary line (8) runs parallel to the power line (2) and is connected to the power line (2) via a plurality of connection points (10, 11) in order to transfer the current from a first connection point (10) via the auxiliary line (8 ) to a second connection point (11), and that at least in one line section between two connection points (10, 11) a controllable resistor (45) is provided in the auxiliary line (8), which is controlled by a monitoring device (43) to prevent the line (2) from being blocked by a switched off consumer (100, 200).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der regelbare Widerstand (45) durch einen Schalter (41) gebildet wird, der geschlossen bzw. geöffnet werden kann, um die Hilfsleitung (8) leitend oder nicht leitend zu schalten.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the controllable resistor (45) is formed by a switch (41) which can be closed or opened in order to switch the auxiliary line (8) conductive or non-conductive.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Verbindungsstellen (10,11) als Kondensatoren (3) gestaltet sind.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that connection points (10, 11) are designed as capacitors (3).
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schalter (41) getaktet geschlossen wird, um die Leistungsaufnahme eines Verbrauchers (100, 200) zu steuern.4. Device according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the switch (41) is closed clocked to control the power consumption of a consumer (100, 200).
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Überwachungsvorrichtung (43) die Spannung am regelbaren Widerstand (45) mindestens eines Leitungsabschnittes überwacht und bei bestimmten Werteänderungen Steuerimpulse für den regelbaren Widerstand (45) abgibt.
5. Device according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the monitoring device (43) monitors the voltage across the adjustable resistor (45) of at least one line section and emits control pulses for the adjustable resistor (45) in the event of certain value changes.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Überwachungsvorrichtung (43) den Stromfluß in mindestens einem Leitungsabschnitt der primären Stromleitung (2) überwacht und bei bestimmten Werteänderungen Steuerimpulse für regelbaren Widerstand (45) abgibt.6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the monitoring device (43) monitors the current flow in at least one line section of the primary power line (2) and emits control pulses for controllable resistance (45) at certain value changes.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Überwachungsvorrichtung (43) einen Meßstromfluß in mindestens einem Leitungsabschnitt der Hilfsleitung (8) überwacht und bei bestimmten Werteänderungen Steuerimpulse für regelbaren Widerstand (45) abgibt.7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the monitoring device (43) monitors a measuring current flow in at least one line section of the auxiliary line (8) and emits control pulses for controllable resistance (45) in the event of certain value changes.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Verbraucher (100, 200) eine Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Signalübertragung besitzt.8. Device according to one of the above claims, characterized in that at least one consumer (100, 200) has a device for contactless signal transmission.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Überwachungsvorrichtung (43) berührungslos übertragene Signale eines Verbrauchers (100, 200) empfängt und in Abhängigkeit davon Steuerimpulse für mindestens einen regelbaren Widerstand (45) abgibt.9. Device according to one of the above claims, characterized in that a monitoring device (43) receives contactlessly transmitted signals from a consumer (100, 200) and, depending on this, emits control pulses for at least one controllable resistor (45).
lONorrichtung nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Überwachungsvorrichtung (43) Signale mehrerer Verbraucher (100, 200) empfängt und mehrere regelbare Widerstand (45) gleichzeitig steuert.IO device according to one of the above claims, characterized in that a monitoring device (43) receives signals from a plurality of consumers (100, 200) and controls a plurality of controllable resistors (45) simultaneously.
11.Vorrichtung nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens einem Leitungsabschnitt (8) eine eigene Überwachungsvorrichtung (43) zur Steuerung des lokalen regelbaren Widerstand (45) zugeordnet ist.
11. Device according to one of the above claims, characterized in that at least one line section (8) is assigned its own monitoring device (43) for controlling the local adjustable resistor (45).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1997135685 DE19735685A1 (en) | 1997-08-19 | 1997-08-19 | Non contact electrical energy transmission device for personal vehicle |
DE19735685 | 1997-08-19 | ||
PCT/EP1998/004899 WO1999009633A1 (en) | 1997-08-19 | 1998-08-06 | Device for contactless transmission of electric energy |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0932925A1 true EP0932925A1 (en) | 1999-08-04 |
Family
ID=7839259
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP98946281A Withdrawn EP0932925A1 (en) | 1997-08-19 | 1998-08-06 | Device for contactless transmission of electric energy |
Country Status (9)
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US (1) | US6265791B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0932925A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3257799B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100332391B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU734998B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2269243C (en) |
DE (1) | DE19735685A1 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ334829A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999009633A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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US9148740B2 (en) | 2010-05-04 | 2015-09-29 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for reproducing stereophonic sound |
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US7522878B2 (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2009-04-21 | Access Business Group International Llc | Adaptive inductive power supply with communication |
US7212414B2 (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2007-05-01 | Access Business Group International, Llc | Adaptive inductive power supply |
DE19928978B4 (en) * | 1999-06-24 | 2016-02-04 | Volkswagen Ag | tool tray |
US7084527B2 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2006-08-01 | Lju Industrieelektronik Gmbh | Electric suspended conveyor with contactless energy transmission |
DE10026173A1 (en) * | 2000-04-18 | 2001-10-31 | Schleifring Und Appbau Gmbh | Arrangement for transferring electrical energy/signals has voltage-isolated primary circuit at each central unit connection point, external unit secondary circuits |
DE10326614A1 (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2004-12-30 | Dürr Automotion Gmbh | transport system |
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DE102004009896A1 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2005-09-15 | Paul Vahle Gmbh & Co. Kg | Inductive contactless energy transmission system primary line has compensating capacitance formed by double length coaxial conductors |
DE102004051145C5 (en) * | 2004-10-20 | 2021-03-18 | Marposs Monitoring Solutions Gmbh | Sensor system for a cutting machine tool and a cutting machine tool with a sensor system |
US20060132045A1 (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2006-06-22 | Baarman David W | Heating system and heater |
DE102006013004B4 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2020-12-10 | Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co Kg | System for contactless energy transmission and method for operating such a system |
DE102007014712B4 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2012-12-06 | Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg | investment |
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- 1998-08-06 CA CA002269243A patent/CA2269243C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-06 WO PCT/EP1998/004899 patent/WO1999009633A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-06 KR KR1019997003396A patent/KR100332391B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-08-06 AU AU93392/98A patent/AU734998B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-08-06 EP EP98946281A patent/EP0932925A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-08-06 US US09/284,592 patent/US6265791B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-06 NZ NZ334829A patent/NZ334829A/en unknown
- 1998-08-06 JP JP51274799A patent/JP3257799B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US9148740B2 (en) | 2010-05-04 | 2015-09-29 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for reproducing stereophonic sound |
US9749767B2 (en) | 2010-05-04 | 2017-08-29 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for reproducing stereophonic sound |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NZ334829A (en) | 1999-09-29 |
AU734998B2 (en) | 2001-06-28 |
DE19735685A1 (en) | 1999-02-25 |
WO1999009633A1 (en) | 1999-02-25 |
AU9339298A (en) | 1999-03-08 |
JP3257799B2 (en) | 2002-02-18 |
JP2000508160A (en) | 2000-06-27 |
CA2269243C (en) | 2003-06-03 |
KR100332391B1 (en) | 2002-04-13 |
CA2269243A1 (en) | 1999-02-25 |
US6265791B1 (en) | 2001-07-24 |
KR20000068783A (en) | 2000-11-25 |
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