EP0932808A1

EP0932808A1 - Self-loading weapon

Info

Publication number: EP0932808A1
Application number: EP97945850A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Manfred Gühring
Original assignee: Heckler und Koch GmbH
Current assignee: Heckler und Koch GmbH
Priority date: 1996-10-21
Filing date: 1997-10-16
Publication date: 1999-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2017-10-16
Also published as: DE59702111D1; ATE195177T1; KR100389182B1; WO1998017963A3; KR20000049268A; WO1998017963A2; ES2150284T3; DE19643377C2; EP0932808B1; DE19643377A1

Abstract

The invention concerns a fully-automatic self-loading weapon, preferably a fully-automatic hand weapon, with an operating part (1) which can move when a shot is fired, and a single-shot firing system (4) which can be switched on and off and allows single shots to be fired. In order to restrict the number of shots in a burst to only two shots, when a shot has been fired and the single-shot firing system (4) switched off, the latter can be actuated by the movement of the operating part (1) such that only a single further shot can be fired. Advantageously the operating part takes the form of a hammer (1).

Description

Self-loading weapon

The invention relates to a fully automatic self-loading weapon with a functional part which is movable by the firing of a shot, and with an individual firing device which can be switched on and off and which permits the firing of individual fires (preamble of claim 1).

"Functional part" here means a component that is moved by the energy released when a shot is fired, such as the barrel, a gas cylinder, the breech, other parts forced by these elements, such as a cock, etc. A movable mass body that is mechanically completely independent of the barrel and breech can also form such a functional part if it acts during the backward movement of the weapon ceases to fire as a result of firing a shot, seeks to maintain its position and consequently shifts relative to the weapon.

Terms such as "front", "top" or the like. refer to the weapon in normal attack with a horizontal soul axis; "front" points in the direction of the shot.

In the case of fully automatic self-loading weapons, in particular handguns, but also machine guns or the like, a switchable individual firing device is often provided, which is set up to enable a single shot to be fired after being switched on. A fire selection device is provided which enables the shooter to operate the weapon either in single or continuous fire mode. The individual fire mechanism is generally controlled by a functional part of the type mentioned above, but can in principle also have an independent mechanism, for example a delay mechanism. Such a delay mechanism causes the connection between the trigger, which is then still being pulled, and a latching arrangement to be interrupted shortly after its release after the firing of a shot, so that the cock or the hammer (in the case of a shooting weapon) or can hold the breech (in the case of a firing weapon) to prevent the firing of a second shot.

While it is possible with permanent fire to sweep over sections of the terrain and force the enemy to take cover, the single fire is intended for the precise single shot. However, it has been found that the chances of hitting an individual target improve if it is fired at with constant fire. However, only the first shots of a burst of fire have reached the target; the following shots, on the other hand, are more or less far from the target because the weapon emigrates as a result of the recoil, and may endanger people who are close to the firing line. In addition, the surplus, ultimately unsuccessful shots reduce the shooter's supply of cartridges.

It is possible for a trained shooter to fire bursts of just two or three shots at will. If, however, the shooter focuses on such a low number of shots when firing, the necessary attention escapes the actual aim. In addition, weapons should generally be set up so that even inexperienced people can use them perfectly. In order to remedy this problem, the applicant has developed, among other things, devices which are capable of firing extremely precise single fires and are additionally equipped with a three-shot mechanism which can be selected by a fire selector lever and then ensure when the trigger is actuated that that a burst of fire from exactly three shots is fired.

However, this three-shot mechanism is relatively complicated.

Based on this prior art, the invention has for its object to develop a weapon of the type mentioned in such a way that the delivery of a reliably short burst of fire is made possible with simple means.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that after the firing of a shot with the individual firing device switched off, it can be actuated by the movement of the functional part in such a way that only a single, further shot is fired.

The invention now not only reduces the known three-shot burst to two shots, but in particular does not require any further mechanism in that, controlled by the movement of the functional part, after the first shot has been fired in the continuous fire mode, the latter automatically fires into it changes the single-fire mode so that the second shot is fired with the gun set to single fire, which thus interrupts the fire after this second shot.

The prerequisite is, of course, that the individual firing device does not require releasing or releasing the trigger deducted in continuous fire mode (as is the case, for example, with the G3 rifle of the German Bundeswehr), so that the invention is not known to all Fume cupboards can be implemented without additional modification of existing components.

It should be pointed out here in advance that the trigger device of the applicant disclosed in German patent application DE 19626077 is ideally suited for realizing the invention. The entire content of this patent application is therefore incorporated by reference into the present disclosure.

As noted above, the functional part can be diverse. In the case of a conventional firing weapon in which the firing pin is rigidly connected to the ground lock, e.g. the closure is the most functional part.

The breech could also be used with a weapon that has a cock. With such a weapon, however, it is most advantageous according to the invention to use the cock itself as a functional part (claim 2), if only because it is closest to the individual firing device to be switched on.

It should also be noted that the switching process according to the invention for individual fires does not take place so early that there is a risk that the individual firing device will interrupt the sequence of movements required to fire a shot as soon as the first shot is fired. The gunner could not rely on a "two shot" weapon to really fire two shots. If, however, the tap itself is used as a functional part, then the point in time when the individual firing device is switched on can be determined structurally without adding up tolerances, as would be possible in the transmission from a further functional part. The applicant has developed a trigger device which has already been referred to above and which, like the trigger device of the rifle G3, has a longitudinally displaceable and pivotable trigger lever on the top of the trigger, which causes the interruption process in the single fire. If the trigger is released and the front tip of the trigger lever has fallen into the corresponding locking recess of the cock, which is thus kept under tension, then the cock presses the trigger lever backwards so that its rear end is located over a projection of the trigger. The projection is in turn behind the pivot point of the trigger.

If the trigger is now pulled back by the shooter, the projection moves upwards, which in turn engages under the rear end of the trigger lever and thus pivots it with its front end downwards and out of engagement with the latching recess. The tap knocks off, and at the same time the trigger is pushed forward so that its rear end slips forward from the projection and assumes its original swivel position, in which it can again engage in the stop of the tap.

The tap now pushes the trigger lever backwards, but the rear end of the trigger stands on the front of the projection of the trigger, which is still kept pulled.

If the trigger is now released, the projection dips down under the trigger, which is released and is pushed back. The starting position before the shot is fired is restored.

But while the trigger of the G3 rifle has to be pulled further in the continuous fire than in the single fire, in order to pivot the trigger lever so far with its front edge that it cannot fall into the locking projection, if he has been released from the projection of the trigger, the trigger assumes the same pivoting position in the continuous fire of the applicant's trigger device as in the single fire. Instead of pivoting the trigger lever out of the engagement area with the tap, a slide prevents it from sliding in front of the projection of the trigger. The slide thus forms part of the fire selection device.

Thus, with such a trigger device, it is first of all advantageous to couple the tap which forms the functional part, or else the functional part par excellence, to the fire selection device (claim 3), and it is also advantageous, in the case of a fire selection device, which has the above-mentioned slide has to hold it in its continuous fire position with a holding claw, and to attach the holding claw in the movement path of the cock so that it can be knocked out of engagement with the slide after a first shot has been fired (claim 4).

This holding claw could be mounted so loosely that it is able to avoid the cock when it moves backwards (clamping movement). It is particularly advantageous, however, that the holding claw has a pawl which is designed so that it dodges the cock during its tensioning movement, but is grasped by the cock during its downward movement and is carried along until the cock as a result of the circular path it travels , disengages from the latch (claim 5).

After the holding claw has been pivoted by the pawl that has been carried along and has thereby released the slide, it is moved back to its starting position by a spring in order to be able to reach behind the slide again when the trigger lever holds the cock cocked after the second shot. If the trigger is now released and pulled again, the process described for firing two shots is repeated. In order to enable continuous fire, the holding claw must therefore be pivoted out of engagement with the slide and held in this pivoted-out position.

For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous to use a fire selection shaft known per se, which carries an actuating lever on one or both ends and which can push through the slide so that it can move the slide for by protrusions on its outside depending on its rotational position allow the single fire, and can prevent the continuous fire.

Advantageously, according to the invention, either the retaining claw has a projection and the fire selection shaft has a recess or the retaining claw has a recess and the fire selection shaft has a projection, which are arranged such that the respective projection falls into the associated recess when the fire selection shaft is still in one position located in the single fire area (claim 6). By dropping in, the holding claw is permitted to intervene in an inhibiting manner in the slide. At the same time, a locking position for the actuating lever is created. If this is pivoted further, then the fire selection shaft rotates and the projection of the holding claw runs onto the outer circumference of the shaft or the projection of the shaft onto the outer edge of the holding claw, so that it swings away from the fire selection shaft and thus from engagement with the slide and is therefore ineffective .

The object of the invention is explained in more detail, for example, with the aid of the attached schematic drawing.

In this shows:

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a handle with trigger device equipped with the two-shot device according to the invention

Rapid fire rifle, in elevation, and FIG. 2 is a partial external view of the handle piece of FIG. 1.

In the extraction device shown in FIG. 1, parts which are self-evident for the person skilled in the art are omitted for the sake of clarity and for the purpose of a better understanding of the invention.

A cock 1 is in Fig. 1 in a cocked position, in which the front tip of a trigger lever 2 engages in the rear of the two locking recesses of the valve 1 and the valve 1 presses the trigger lever 2 against the action of a trigger spring 7 to the rear. The trigger lever 2 has an elongated hole, with which it is pivotally mounted about the pivot pin of a trigger 3 and movable longitudinally.

The trigger 3 is in its rest position, in which it is prevented from pivoting further about the pivot pin to the front, and has at its upper, rear end a projection on which the rear end of the trigger lever 2 is seated. Therefore, this can not give in to the torque that is applied by the cock 1 loading him at the front end.

If the trigger 3 is moved backwards, i.e. pulled off, then the projection of the trigger 3 presses against the rear end of the trigger lever 2 and swivels it with its front end downward, so that the trigger lever 2 with its front end comes out of the locking recess of the tap 1 exits and has this knocked off.

At the moment when the trigger 2 is released, it is pushed forward by the trigger spring 7 and with its front end up, and it slides with its rear end from the projection of the trigger 3. there he takes such an inclined position that he grinds along the tap 1 with his front end.

The tap 1 now strikes the shutter bolt (not shown), the cartridge is ignited and the shutter moves backwards, causing the tap 1 to be tightened again (moving clockwise when looking at the drawing). The valve 1 runs through with its rear locking recess under the front end of the trigger 2, reaches its dead center and reverses its direction of movement, since meanwhile the closure also moves forward again. The rear locking recess runs onto the front end of the trigger 2 and pushes it backwards. The trigger lever 2 can not give in, however, because it strikes with its rear end against the projection of the trigger 3, which is still pulled.

If the trigger 3 is now released, then it returns to the position shown in FIG. 1. His protrusion dips back under the rear end of the trigger 2 and the trigger 2 is moved so far back by the tap 1 that it sits with this rear end again over the projection and assumes the position shown in FIG. 1.

With the features described so far, the weapon can only be fired in single fire.

The tap 1 also has a front latching recess, into which a latching formation can engage, which is designed as part of a trigger 5, which is mounted on the front part of the handle on the upper side and projects upwards into the movement path of the closure (not shown).

If cock 1 is now cocked by the backward moving closure, then the front overflows Rastiefiefung the locking training, and falls into this after the dead center has been reached and the tap 1 has reversed its direction of movement.

When the shutter reaches its foremost position, it strikes the trigger 5, causing the tap 1 to strike.

If the single-firing device described above is effective, however, the tap 1 only moves a short distance until the front end of the trigger 2 engages in the rear catch recess.

In the handle, a slide 4 is slidably mounted, which is perforated and penetrated by a fire selection shaft 12 which has cams on its outer surface which can be brought into engagement with the walls of the opening. In a first angular position of the fire selection wave 12 (continuous fire position), the slide 4 is in a rear position and is held there. In a second angular position (single fire position), the slide 4 can move in the longitudinal direction over a certain distance.

The slide 4 has at the front on its underside a downwardly extending slide finger 4b which engages in a recess in the trigger lever 2 from above.

When the slide is in the single fire position, the trigger 2 can move freely in its longitudinal direction and thereby trigger the interruption process. A leg spring 11 counteracts this movement with its upper leg, but is overcome by the stronger trigger spring 7.

If, however, the slide 4 is held in its rear position (continuous fire position), then the slide finger 4a holds the trigger 2 in its position shown in FIG. 1, so that it only swings, but not in its position Can move longitudinally. If the trigger 3 is now pulled and the trigger lever 2 is pivoted so that it must release the engagement with the tap 1, then the trigger lever 2 can no longer pivot back, but must release the tap 1 as long as the trigger 3 remains pulled. The trigger 5 then takes over the control of the tee-off process.

So much for the construction of the applicant's proven trigger device.

According to the invention, the cock 1 has a cock hump la, the radius of the movement path of which is greater than that of the rest of the cock 1. Furthermore, a holding claw 10 is pivotally mounted at its rear end on a bearing pin 13 and pivoted downward by the second, lower leg of the leg spring 11 .

In the front end of the holding claw 10, a pawl 8 is pivotally mounted, which is pivoted forward by a pawl spring 9 relative to the holding claw 10. In the position of Fig. 1, the pawl 8 projects into the movement path of the tap hump la.

The holding claw 10 has at the front on its underside a downwardly extending holding claw hook 10a, which in the position of FIG. 1 engages behind a slide lug 4a of the slide 4 from the front and thus holds the slide 4 in its rear position, even though it is in the shown position of the fire selection shaft 12 should move forward.

If the trigger 3 is now pulled off (in the position shown in FIG. 1), the tap 1 knocks off (moves counterclockwise) and is cocked again after the triggering of a shot (moves clockwise). The Hahnhöcker la passes the upward slope of the pawl 8 and presses it temporarily against the action of the pawl spring 9 into the holding claw 10.

Since the slide 4 and thus the trigger lever 2 cannot move forward, the tap 1, after it has been released by the latching formation, again passes the trigger lever 2 and practically takes the pawl 8 with the tap hump la at the same time. The pawl 8, together with the holding claw 10 on which it is mounted, is pivoted upward out of the movement path of the tap hump la, as a result of which the holding claw hook 10a is lifted upward above the slide block 4a. Now the slide 4 is pressed forward by the compression spring 7 via the trigger lever 2, and the trigger lever 2 can assume its front position and hold the rear catch of the valve 1 when it starts up against it again in the manner described above.

If the trigger 3 is now released, the valve 1 pushes back the trigger lever 2, which again runs over the projection of the valve 1, the leg spring 11 pulls back the slide 4, and the holding claw hook 10a can fall down again in front of the slide lug 4a, since the holding claw 10 is pressed down by the spring 11.

A new two-shot burst can now be fired when trigger 3 is pulled again.

The top of the fire selection shaft 12 has a depression into which a projection (in the position shown in FIG. 1) falls on the underside of the holding claw 10. If the fire selection shaft 12 is rotated, then this projection and thus the holding claw 10 are pushed up into a position in which the pawl 8 is out of engagement with the movement path of the tap hump 1 a. Thus, the slide 4 can by the respective angular position of the fire selection shaft 12 in the rear continuous fire position fixed or released for single fire for longitudinal movement.

The fire selection shaft 12 also has a recess on its underside, into which an extension (not shown) at the rear, upper end of the trigger 3 can be inserted. If the fire selection shaft 12 is rotated so far that this immersion is no longer possible, the trigger 3 is blocked and the weapon is thus secured.

In Fig. 2, a fire selector lever 14 is shown, which sits firmly on the end of the fire selector shaft 12 and this optionally in the position "S" (safe), "E" (single fire), "2" (two-shot) and "F" ( Continuous fire) can move. With 13 a bearing pin for the holding claw 10 is designated.

Claims

claims

Fully automatic self-loading weapon with a functional part (1) which is movable by the firing of a shot and an individual firing device (4) which can be switched on and off and which permits the firing of individual fires, characterized in that after the firing of a shot with the individual firing device (4 ) this can be actuated by the movement of the functional part (1), so that only a single, further shot is fired.

Weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that a trigger device with a cock (1) is provided and that the cock (1) forms the functional part.

Weapon according to claim 2, characterized in that a trigger lever (2) is pivotably and longitudinally displaceably mounted on a trigger (3), can be moved forward in single-fire mode and is held in its rear position by a fire-selection device (12, 14), and in that A triggering device (4) is provided which projects into the movement path of the cock (1) and is set up for moving the fire selection device (12, 14) into a position in which the trigger lever (2) is released.

Gun according to claim 3, characterized in that the triggering device comprises a slide (4, 4a) which engages behind the trigger lever (2) in the continuous fire position and is loaded forward by a spring (11) into an individual fire position, and in that a holding claw ( 10, 10a) engages behind the slide (4) in the continuous fire position, can be taken away by the tap (1, la) and thereby releases the slide (4). Weapon according to claim 4, characterized in that a spring-loaded pawl (8) is arranged on the holding claw (10) in such a way that it projects into the movement path of the cock (1, la) and can be pressed to the side during its tensioning movement, on the other hand in the case of Tapping movement of the valve (1, la) is taken away from it and lifted out of its path of movement, taking the holding claw (10, 10a) with it.

Weapon according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that a fire selection shaft (12) is provided which passes through the slide (4) and holds in its continuous fire or single fire position that the holding claw (10) has a projection which against the fire selection shaft (12), and that the fire selection shaft (12) has a recess into which the projection of the holding claw (10) can drop when the fire selection shaft (12) is in an intermediate position between continuous fire and single fire positions.