EP0917665A1 - Dispositifs de modulation de la lumiere - Google Patents
Dispositifs de modulation de la lumiereInfo
- Publication number
- EP0917665A1 EP0917665A1 EP97935695A EP97935695A EP0917665A1 EP 0917665 A1 EP0917665 A1 EP 0917665A1 EP 97935695 A EP97935695 A EP 97935695A EP 97935695 A EP97935695 A EP 97935695A EP 0917665 A1 EP0917665 A1 EP 0917665A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- substrates
- mixture
- substrate
- glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1341—Filling or closing of cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1341—Filling or closing of cells
- G02F1/13415—Drop filling process
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to a method of making liquid crystal light modulating devices (sometimes known as optical shutters), and particularly to a method of making large area liquid crystal light modulating devices of the type used, for instance, as switchable privacy glazings.
- Liquid crystal light modulating devices for glazings which comprise a thin layer (of the order of 25 ⁇ m) of liquid crystal material sandwiched between transparent plastics materials substrates, further laminated between sheets of glass.
- the substrates have an electrically conductive coating on the surface against the liquid crystal material, and the state of the liquid crystal material i.e. clear or scattering, is determined by a voltage applied across the material via the coatings.
- PSCT devices have clear advantages over the original nematic technology, PSCT devices have proven rather difficult to manufacture and scale-up.
- Conventional PDLC devices are produced by pumping a relatively viscous 50/50 liquid crystal/polymer solution through a slot die onto a moving sheet of ITO coated polyester sheet. After allowing the solvent to evaporate, a second ITO coated polyester sheet is roll-laminated on top of the first, with the liquid crystal polymer mixture therebetween.
- the desired uniform spacing of, for example, 25 ⁇ 1 ⁇ m is achieved either by adding 25 ⁇ m polymer spheres to the coating solution or, more usually, the dry film is itself sufficiently uniform and hard that spacers are not required.
- PDLC liquid crystal mixtures are usually 50% liquid crystal whereas PSCT mixtures are usually at least 90% (and more typically about 95%) liquid crystal, and therefore of low viscosity and complex rheology.
- the resulting gel is mechanically weak and easily compressed.
- the PSCT systems currently require rigid substrates, such as glass, and may not be coated directly onto polyester sheets or the like without risking short circuits when compressed against a second sheet
- This cell is then suspended, with the open side down, over a small bath of the liquid crystal/monomer mixture, which is itself contained within a bell jar vacuum chamber. Evacuation of the chamber, lowering the open side of the cell into the liquid crystal mixture and re-pressurising the bell jar then results in the cell being uniformly filled. Sealing the fourth side, UN-curing the monomer for a few minutes under a UV source as is commonly used in the art, and applying copper tape conductive tracks to the ITO surfaces completes the cell assembly.
- the invention offers a simple and low cost method suitable for producing large scale devices (typically with one dimension greater than 300mm) of the type used in architectural glazings and other applications.
- large scale devices typically with one dimension greater than 300mm
- the fact that at least one of the substrates in the sandwich is glass means that it is readily suitable for use as an architectural pane in, for example, a window or internal partition, without the need for further laminating to another more suitable architectural sheet material.
- the method according to the invention enables the production of large scale devices without the need for relatively complex and expensive equipment or techniques, such as the use of vacuum apparatus.
- the second substrate is preferably glass but may be plastics sheet material, such as polyester.
- the edges of the sandwich may be sealed with a UV-curable or epoxy or equivalent or alternative adhesive. If the liquid crystal containing mixture is roller coated onto the first substrate, the edges of the sandwich may be sealed prior to applying pressure. Roller coating involves applying little if any excess liquid crystal containing mixture, so there is no need to leave the edges unblocked to allow excess material to escape during the pressure applying stage. On the other hand, if the material is, for instance, poured onto the first substrate, an excess is required to ensure that the whole surface of the substrate is covered. In this case, the edges need to left unblocked and so are not sealed until after pressure is applied or may be only partially sealed. However, it has been found that a seal made prior to the pressure applying step works better and more effectively resists delaminating than one made later.
- conductive tracks sometimes called busbars
- Adhesive copper strips are easy to apply as busbars, but there are many other known types which may be used.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the stations involved in making a light modulating liquid crystal device in accordance with the invention
- Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the sandwiching stage in the process of making a liquid crystal device in accordance with the invention.
- FIG 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the pressure applying stage in the process of making a liquid crystal device in accordance with the invention.
- Best Mode Schematically illustrated in figure 1 is a production line for making large area liquid crystal light modulating devices.
- the line indicated generally at 10, comprises a sandwiching station 20, a pressing station 30 and a polymerisation station 40.
- liquid crystal containing mixture for normal mode devices is: 94.75 wt% E48 (Merck designation) nematic liquid crystal material; 2.1 wt% 4,4'-bis[6- (acryloyloxy)-hexyloxy]-l,r-biphenylene liquid crystalline monomer; 3 wt% R1011 (Merck designation) chiral agent and 0.15 wt% benzoin methyl ether photoinitiator.
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US2412496P | 1996-08-07 | 1996-08-07 | |
US24124P | 1996-08-07 | ||
PCT/GB1997/002202 WO1998005998A1 (fr) | 1996-08-07 | 1997-08-07 | Dispositifs de modulation de la lumiere |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0917665A1 true EP0917665A1 (fr) | 1999-05-26 |
Family
ID=21818993
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97935695A Withdrawn EP0917665A1 (fr) | 1996-08-07 | 1997-08-07 | Dispositifs de modulation de la lumiere |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0917665A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2000515648A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU719372B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2261863A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1998005998A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2779839B1 (fr) * | 1998-06-10 | 2003-06-06 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Systeme electrocommandable a proprietes optiques variables |
WO2000060407A1 (fr) * | 1999-04-06 | 2000-10-12 | Reveo, Inc. | Structures de vitrage electro-optique presentant des modes de fonctionnement par diffusion et par transparence |
US6275277B1 (en) | 1999-05-17 | 2001-08-14 | Colorado Microdisplay, Inc. | Micro liquid crystal displays having a circular cover glass and a viewing area free of spacers |
TW200527052A (en) * | 2003-10-02 | 2005-08-16 | Inventqjaya Sdn Bhd | Liquid crystal cell assembly method and system |
JP2006234885A (ja) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-09-07 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> | 液晶光変調器の製造方法、液晶光変調器および液晶表示装置 |
FR2964473B1 (fr) | 2010-09-03 | 2012-08-17 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage multiple a diffusion variable par cristaux liquides, son procede de fabrication |
FR2965641B1 (fr) | 2010-10-04 | 2013-10-11 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage multiple a diffusion variable par cristaux liquides, son procede de fabrication |
FR2985327B1 (fr) | 2011-12-29 | 2013-12-20 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage multiple a diffusion variable par cristaux liquides, son procede de fabrication |
FR2985328B1 (fr) | 2011-12-29 | 2013-12-20 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage multiple a diffusion variable par cristaux liquides |
KR101684012B1 (ko) * | 2014-12-03 | 2016-12-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 글래스비드와 액정을 이용한 스마트 윈도우 및 이의 제조방법 |
GB201614208D0 (en) | 2016-08-19 | 2016-10-05 | Pilkington Group Ltd | Switchable glazing unit |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4691995A (en) * | 1985-07-15 | 1987-09-08 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal filling device |
JPS62267721A (ja) * | 1986-05-15 | 1987-11-20 | Nec Corp | 液晶素子の製造方法 |
US5474629A (en) * | 1990-12-15 | 1995-12-12 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device |
CA2102199A1 (fr) * | 1991-05-02 | 1992-11-03 | William J. Doane | Dispositif et matiere cristallisee, modulateurs de lumiere |
US5854664A (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1998-12-29 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display panel and method and device for manufacturing the same |
-
1997
- 1997-08-07 CA CA002261863A patent/CA2261863A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1997-08-07 JP JP10507745A patent/JP2000515648A/ja active Pending
- 1997-08-07 WO PCT/GB1997/002202 patent/WO1998005998A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-08-07 EP EP97935695A patent/EP0917665A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-08-07 AU AU38589/97A patent/AU719372B2/en not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9805998A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2000515648A (ja) | 2000-11-21 |
AU719372B2 (en) | 2000-05-11 |
WO1998005998A1 (fr) | 1998-02-12 |
AU3858997A (en) | 1998-02-25 |
CA2261863A1 (fr) | 1998-02-12 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19990308 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI NL SE |
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GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
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RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: METHOD OF MAKING LIGHT MODULATING LIQUID CRYSTAL DEVICES |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19991222 |
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GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
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GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20000909 |