EP0914889A1 - Self-opening closure for vessel - Google Patents
Self-opening closure for vessel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0914889A1 EP0914889A1 EP98119650A EP98119650A EP0914889A1 EP 0914889 A1 EP0914889 A1 EP 0914889A1 EP 98119650 A EP98119650 A EP 98119650A EP 98119650 A EP98119650 A EP 98119650A EP 0914889 A1 EP0914889 A1 EP 0914889A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- graphite
- closure
- reaction
- steel
- thickness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007133 aluminothermic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000209035 Ilex Species 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/44—Consumable closure means, i.e. closure means being used only once
Definitions
- the invention relates to a self-opening closure a refractory material for casting crucibles, which at aluminothermic reactions are used.
- Aluminothermic reactions are usually in a conical shape Crucible carried out in its tapered lower Area an outlet nozzle is interchangeably arranged.
- the outlet nozzle must during the implementation of the aluminothermic Reaction be closed.
- the molten metal formed during the aluminothermic reaction may only flow out of the outlet nozzle when the molten liquid consisting essentially of aluminum oxide Has separated slag from the molten metal and on this floats up. If the outlet nozzle is closed early, there is still a risk of faulty casting as a result incomplete reaction of the aluminothermic mixture or by not yet completely separating the formed ones Aluminum oxide slag from the metal melt formed.
- Closures of the discharge nozzle are used to increase welding security known within a predetermined time of the aluminothermic metal melt is melted and melted become.
- DE-C-32 11 831 describes an automatic device Pouring of aluminothermally produced steel from various ceramic plates and an aluminum sleeve is composed.
- This device is in the outflow of the Reaction lever used and serves as a self-opening closure, d. H. the closure melts at a certain time through, and the discharge becomes automatic without human intervention opened, and the liquid steel produced in this way can flow out of the reaction crucible.
- This device is also becoming more automatic Called plugs.
- Such an automatic crucible stopper usually consists of a plug body, for example made of sand, a sleeve, for example made of aluminum, and one or more sealing plates, for example from compressible fibrous aluminum silicate.
- the material used to make these sealing plates has a melting point of ⁇ 1650 ° C. A preferred one The range is specified with a melting point of 1700 ° C ⁇ 20 ° C.
- WO 80/00546 describes a method to discharge a Intermediate vessel when continuously pouring steel regulate.
- the outflow opening of the Intermediate vessel covered with a lid, which is made of Graphite, silicon or a combination of these elements consists.
- the thermite reaction can be divided into two steps, in the reduction reaction and the separation between thermite steel and slag. Usually each of these steps is about 10 seconds on average.
- thermite steel is available after approx. 10 seconds.
- This Condition corresponds to the intermediate vessel filled with steel continuous casting of steel. If the outlet at the Thermit reaction to that described in WO 80/00546 Time, i.e. only up to 40 seconds after the liquid thermite steel, there is a risk of Socket casting, d. H. the thermite steel solidifies prematurely in the Reaction crucible.
- the reaction is carried out in a pouring pan, its bottom opening sealed by a melt-through closure is how he z. B. is described in DE-C-32 11 831 the melting of the closure in a precisely predetermined Time interval after ignition of the mixture to ensure that the reaction has reached an end point and the slag is completely separated from the molten metal Has. If the closure melts too early can not yet separated liquid slag particles from the escaping molten metal are entrained. Does that happen If the closure melts too late, the melt can already cooled down too much and assumed a state which is particularly undesirable in rail welding.
- the cooling of the molten steel in the reaction crucible is superimposed by cooling the Rail.
- the residence time of the molten steel in the reaction crucible is therefore an important parameter for welding rails.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of an aluminothermic To provide device which the pouring from aluminothermic steel to the earliest possible and certain point in time to get carried away by to avoid unwanted slag particles.
- the invention is further based on the task of finding a material which fulfills the above requirements while doing one if possible has low compressibility.
- This object is achieved according to the invention with one self-opening closure that is made entirely or partially air permeable graphite or metals, the Melting points are between 2100 and 3727 ° C.
- the material of the closure preferably consists of permeable graphite; porous graphite is particularly suitable, because penetration is desired.
- one or more holes with a diameter of 0.1 to 2 mm must be drilled.
- the thickness of the permeable graphite is 0.2 to 15 mm.
- the density is 0.8 to 2.25 g / cm 3 .
- High-melting metals such as niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, Use tungsten or hafnium with a thickness of 0.2 up to 20 mm and one or more holes with a diameter have from 0.1 to 2 mm.
- the holes are therefore made in the metal plates, so that trapped air escapes during the reaction can and there is no so-called plug molding, d. H. that an outflow of the molten steel through the formation of a Air cushion is prevented.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen selbstöffnenden Verschlµß aus eine hochschmelzenden Material für Gießtiegel, die bei aluminothermischen Reaktionen verwendet werden.The invention relates to a self-opening closure a refractory material for casting crucibles, which at aluminothermic reactions are used.
Aluminothermische Reaktionen werden üblicherweise in einem kegelförmigen Tiegel durchgeführt, in dessen verjüngtem unteren Bereich eine Auslaufdüse auswechselbar angeordnet ist. Die Auslaufdüse muß während der Durchführung der aluminothermischen Reaktion verschlossen sein.Aluminothermic reactions are usually in a conical shape Crucible carried out in its tapered lower Area an outlet nozzle is interchangeably arranged. The outlet nozzle must during the implementation of the aluminothermic Reaction be closed.
Die bei der aluminothermischen Reaktion entstandene Metallschmelze darf erst dann aus der Auslaufdüse abfließen, wenn sich die im wesentlichen aus Aluminiumoxid bestehende schmelzflüssige Schlacke von der Metallschmelze getrennt hat und auf dieser aufschwimmt. Erfolgt die Öffnung der Auslaufdüse zu früh, besteht die Gefahr eines fehlerhaften Gusses infolge noch unvollständiger Reaktion des aluminothermischen Gemisches oder durch noch nicht vollständig erfolgte Abtrennung der gebildeten Aluminiumoxidschlacke von der gebildeten Metallschmelze.The molten metal formed during the aluminothermic reaction may only flow out of the outlet nozzle when the molten liquid consisting essentially of aluminum oxide Has separated slag from the molten metal and on this floats up. If the outlet nozzle is closed early, there is still a risk of faulty casting as a result incomplete reaction of the aluminothermic mixture or by not yet completely separating the formed ones Aluminum oxide slag from the metal melt formed.
Zur Erhöhung der Schweißsicherheit sind Verschlüsse der Auslaufdüse bekannt, die innerhalb einer vorbestimmten Zeit von der aluminothermisch erzeugten Metallschmelze auf- und durchgeschmolzen werden.Closures of the discharge nozzle are used to increase welding security known within a predetermined time of the aluminothermic metal melt is melted and melted become.
So beschreibt die DE-C-32 11 831 eine Vorrichtung zum automatischen Abgießen von aluminothermisch erzeugte Stahl, die aus verschiedenen keramischen Plattchen und einer Aluminiumhülse zusammengesetzt ist. Diese Vorrichtung wird in den Ausfluß des Reaktionstiegels eingesetzt und dient als selbstöffnender Verschluß, d. h. der Verschluß schmilzt zu eine bestimmten Zeitpunkt durch, und der Ausfluß wird ohne Zutun einer Person automatisch geöffnet, und der so erzeugte flüssige Stahl kann aus dem Reaktionstiegel ausfließen. Diese Vorrichtung wird auch automatischer Tiegelstöpsel genannt.For example, DE-C-32 11 831 describes an automatic device Pouring of aluminothermally produced steel from various ceramic plates and an aluminum sleeve is composed. This device is in the outflow of the Reaction lever used and serves as a self-opening closure, d. H. the closure melts at a certain time through, and the discharge becomes automatic without human intervention opened, and the liquid steel produced in this way can flow out of the reaction crucible. This device is also becoming more automatic Called plugs.
Solch ein automatischer Tiegelstöpsel besteht üblicherweise aus einem Stöpselkörper, beispielsweise aus Sand, einer Hülse, beispielsweise aus Aluminium, und einem oder mehreren Verschlußplättchen, beispielsweise aus komprimierbarem faserigen Aluminiumsilikat.Such an automatic crucible stopper usually consists of a plug body, for example made of sand, a sleeve, for example made of aluminum, and one or more sealing plates, for example from compressible fibrous aluminum silicate.
Das zur Herstellung dieser Verschlußplättchen verwendete Material weist einen Schmelzpunkt von ≥ 1650 °C auf. Ein bevorzugter Bereich wird mit einem Schmelzpunkt von 1700 °C ± 20 °C angegeben.The material used to make these sealing plates has a melting point of ≥ 1650 ° C. A preferred one The range is specified with a melting point of 1700 ° C ± 20 ° C.
Die WO 80/00546 beschreibt eine Methode, um den Auslauf eines Zwischengefäßes beim kontinuierlichen Vergießen von Stahl zu regulieren. Dabei wird zunächst die Ausflußöffnung des Zwischengefäßes mit einem Deckel abgedeckt, welcher aus Graphit, Silizium oder einer Kombination dieser Elemente besteht.WO 80/00546 describes a method to discharge a Intermediate vessel when continuously pouring steel regulate. The outflow opening of the Intermediate vessel covered with a lid, which is made of Graphite, silicon or a combination of these elements consists.
In dieser Veröffentlichung wird weder auf die Bedeutung der Gießtemperatur noch auf die lokal erreichte Temperatur bei der stark exothermen Thermitreaktion eingegangen, die durchaus die Gießtemperatur übersteigen kann.This publication does not address the importance of Pouring temperature still at the locally reached temperature at the strongly exothermic thermite reaction, which is quite the Pouring temperature can exceed.
Es wird sogar darauf hingewiesen, daß eine Penetration des Graphits durch den Stahl zu vermeiden ist.It is even pointed out that penetration of the Avoid graphite through the steel.
Die Thermitreaktion kann in zwei Schritte unterteilt werden, in die Reduktionsreaktion und die Trennung zwischen Thermit-Stahl und Schlacke. Üblicherweise betragt jeder dieser Schritte durchschnittlich etwa 10 Sekunden. The thermite reaction can be divided into two steps, in the reduction reaction and the separation between thermite steel and slag. Usually each of these steps is about 10 seconds on average.
Danach liegt der Thermit-Stahl nach ca. 10 Sekunden vor. Dieser Zustand entspricht dem mit Stahl gefüllten Zwischengefäß beim kontinuierlichen Gießen von Stahl. Wenn der Auslauf bei der Thermitreaktion zu dem in der WO 80/00546 beschriebenen Zeitpunkt, also erst nach bis zu 40 Sekunden nach Vorliegen des flüssigen Thermit-Stahles erfolgt, besteht die Gefahr eines Steckgusses, d. h. der Thermit-Stahl erstarrt vorzeitig im Reaktionstiegel.Thereafter, the thermite steel is available after approx. 10 seconds. This Condition corresponds to the intermediate vessel filled with steel continuous casting of steel. If the outlet at the Thermit reaction to that described in WO 80/00546 Time, i.e. only up to 40 seconds after the liquid thermite steel, there is a risk of Socket casting, d. H. the thermite steel solidifies prematurely in the Reaction crucible.
Zur Erzielung eines homogenen Reaktionsproduktes ist es notwendig, daß die aluminothermische Reaktion möglichst gleichmäßig abläuft und dieser gleichmäßige Reaktionsablauf reproduzierbar ist. Bei unterschiedlich schnellem Reaktionsablauf kann der Abbrand der Legierungsbildner unterschiedlich ausfallen. Dies führt zu Legierungen unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzungen und damit auch zu unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften.To achieve a homogeneous reaction product, it is necessary to that the aluminothermic reaction is as uniform as possible expires and this even reaction process is reproducible is. If the reaction proceeds at different speeds, the burnup can the alloying agent are different. This leads to alloys of different compositions and with different properties.
Wird die Reaktion in einem Gießtiegel durchgeführt, dessen Bodenöffnung durch einen durchschmelzbaren Verschluß abgedichtet ist, wie er z. B. in der DE-C-32 11 831 beschrieben ist, soll das Durchschmelzen des Verschlusses in einem genau vorbestimmten Zeitintervall nach Zündung des Gemisches erfolgen, um sicherzustellen, daß die Reaktion zu einem Endpunkt gekommen ist und die Schlacke sich von der Metallschmelze vollständig getrennt hat. Bei einem zu frühen Durchschmelzen des Verschlusses können noch nicht abgetrennte flüssige Schlacketeilchen von der ausströmenden Metallschmelze mitgerissen werden. Erfolgt das Durchschmelzen des Verschlusses zu spät, kann die Schmelze bereits zu stark abgekühlt sein und damit einen Zustand annehmen, der insbesondere beim Schienenschweißen unerwünscht ist.If the reaction is carried out in a pouring pan, its bottom opening sealed by a melt-through closure is how he z. B. is described in DE-C-32 11 831 the melting of the closure in a precisely predetermined Time interval after ignition of the mixture to ensure that the reaction has reached an end point and the slag is completely separated from the molten metal Has. If the closure melts too early can not yet separated liquid slag particles from the escaping molten metal are entrained. Does that happen If the closure melts too late, the melt can already cooled down too much and assumed a state which is particularly undesirable in rail welding.
Die Abkühlung der Stahlschmelze im Reaktionstiegel wird überlagert durch eine gleichermaßen stattfindende Abkühlung der Schiene. Je länger die Abstichzeiten sind, desto stärker kühlt die Schiene ab und erschwert deren Verschweißen. The cooling of the molten steel in the reaction crucible is superimposed by cooling the Rail. The longer the tapping times, the more cooling the rail and makes welding difficult.
Die Verweilzeit der Stahlschmelze im Reaktionstiegel ist somit ein wichtiger Parameter für das Schweißen von Schienen. Je gleichmäßiger die Öffnungszeiten, auch Abstichzeiten genannt, des automatischen Tiegelstöpsels sind, desto reproduzierbarer sind die Schweißbedingungen, was gleichzeitig höhere Schweißsicherheit bedingt.The residence time of the molten steel in the reaction crucible is therefore an important parameter for welding rails. Each more uniform opening times, also called tapping times, of the automatic crucible stopper, the more reproducible are the welding conditions, which at the same time increases welding reliability conditionally.
Da in den automatischen Tiegelstöpseln nach dem Stand der Technik üblicherweise Keramikfasern oder andere geeignete faserige Materialien eingesetzt werden, die eine nicht unerhebliche Kompressibilität aufweisen, werden die Abstichzeiten auch maßgeblich durch das Zusammenpressen dieser faserigen Materialien während der Fertigung der Tiegelstöpsel beeinflußt.Because in the automatic crucible plugs according to the state of the art usually ceramic fibers or other suitable fibrous Materials are used that have a not inconsiderable compressibility tapping times are also decisive by compressing these fibrous materials influenced during the manufacture of the crucible plugs.
Der Einsatz der Tiegelstöpsel des Standes der Technik führt deshalb zu großen Schwankungen in den Auslaufzeiten, was wiederum einen negativen Einflüß auf die Schweißbedingungen und folglich auf die Schweißsicherheit hat.The use of the crucible plugs of the prior art leads therefore too large fluctuations in the expiry times, which in turn a negative influence on the welding conditions and consequently on welding security.
Der Erfindung liegt also die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine aluminothermische Vorrichtung bereitzustellen, welche das Abgießen von aluminothermisch erzeugtem Stahl zu einem möglichst frühen und bestimmten Zeitpunkt gewährleistet, um das Mitreißen von unerwünschten Schlackenteilchen zu vermeiden. Der Erfindung liegt weiter die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Material zu finden, welches die obengenannten Forderungen erfüllt und dabei eine möglichst geringe Kompressibilität aufweist.The invention is therefore based on the object of an aluminothermic To provide device which the pouring from aluminothermic steel to the earliest possible and certain point in time to get carried away by to avoid unwanted slag particles. The invention is further based on the task of finding a material which fulfills the above requirements while doing one if possible has low compressibility.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt erfindungsgemäß mit einem selbstöffnenden Verschluß, der ganz oder teilweise aus luftdurchlässigem Graphit oder Metallen besteht, deren Schmelzpunkte zwischen 2100 und 3727 °C liegen.This object is achieved according to the invention with one self-opening closure that is made entirely or partially air permeable graphite or metals, the Melting points are between 2100 and 3727 ° C.
Vorzugsweise besteht das Material des Verschlusses aus durchlässigem Graphit; besonders geeignet ist poröser Graphit, da eine Penetration gewünscht ist. The material of the closure preferably consists of permeable graphite; porous graphite is particularly suitable, because penetration is desired.
Im Fall von kompaktem Graphit sind eine oder mehrere Bohrungen mit einem Durchmesser von 0,1 bis 2 mm einzubringen. Die Dicke des durchlässigen Graphits beträgt 0,2 bis 15 mm. Die Dichte beträgt 0,8 bis 2,25 g/cm3.In the case of compact graphite, one or more holes with a diameter of 0.1 to 2 mm must be drilled. The thickness of the permeable graphite is 0.2 to 15 mm. The density is 0.8 to 2.25 g / cm 3 .
Weiter kann man hochschmelzende Metalle, wie Niob, Tantal, Molybdän, Wolfram oder Hafnium, einsetzen, die eine Dicke von 0,2 bis 20 mm und eine oder mehrere Bohrungen mit einem Durchmesser von 0,1 bis 2 mm aufweisen.High-melting metals such as niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, Use tungsten or hafnium with a thickness of 0.2 up to 20 mm and one or more holes with a diameter have from 0.1 to 2 mm.
Die Bohrungen werden deshalb in die Metallplättchen eingebracht, damit während der Reaktion eingeschlossene Luft entweichen kann und es nicht zu einem sogenannten Steckguß kommt, d. h. daß ein Auslauf der Stahlschmelze durch die Bildung eines Luftpolsters verhindert wird.The holes are therefore made in the metal plates, so that trapped air escapes during the reaction can and there is no so-called plug molding, d. H. that an outflow of the molten steel through the formation of a Air cushion is prevented.
Es war überraschend, daß ein so hochschmelzendes Material verwendet
werden kann. Erst durch seine Legierungsbildung mit dem
flüssigen Thermit-Stahl bilden sich Verbindungen, deren
Schmelzpunkte unterhalb der Auslauftemperatur des flüssigen
Stahles liegen. Dieser Ablauf soll wie folgt näher erläutert
werden:
- Tm:
- Schmelzpunkt des Stahls
- Tm1:
- Schmelzpunkt des Verschlußmaterials des automatischen Tiegelstöpsels
- Tm2:
- Schmelzpunkt der Verbindung oder Legierungszusammensetzung, gebildet aus dem Verschlußmaterial und dem aluminothermisch erzeugten Stahl
- TA:
- Temperatur des auslaufenden aluminothermisch erzeugten Stahls
- Tm:
- Melting point of the steel
- Tm1:
- Melting point of the closure material of the automatic crucible stopper
- Tm2:
- Melting point of the compound or alloy composition formed from the closure material and the aluminothermic steel
- TA:
- Temperature of the leaking aluminothermic steel
Durch den Einsatz dieser inkompressiblen Verschlußplättchen hat sich die Reproduzierbarkeit der Tiegelabstichzeit gegenüber den Through the use of these incompressible sealing plates the reproducibility of the crucible tapping time compared to
Verschlüssen des Standes der Technik erhöht, d. h. die vorgegebenen Abstichzeiten werden entsprechend eingehalten.Prior art closures increased, i. H. the given Tapping times are observed accordingly.
Anhand der Fig. 1 bis 4 werden die erfindungsgemäßen Verschlüsse
näher erläutert.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19748165 | 1997-10-31 | ||
| DE19748165 | 1997-10-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0914889A1 true EP0914889A1 (en) | 1999-05-12 |
Family
ID=7847227
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98119650A Withdrawn EP0914889A1 (en) | 1997-10-31 | 1998-10-17 | Self-opening closure for vessel |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6120726A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0914889A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103752870A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-30 | 柳州市永信机械配件制造有限公司 | Conductive block of positioning head |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2022294A4 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2014-04-16 | Howmet Corp | Melting method using graphite melting vessel |
| EP2970022B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-01-30 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Melt infiltration wick attachment |
| EP2970030B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2019-12-25 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Melt infiltration apparatus and method for molten metal control |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2022794A (en) * | 1978-05-26 | 1979-12-19 | Elektro Thermit Gmbh | Casting Crucible for Aluminothermic Welding |
| WO1980000546A1 (en) * | 1978-09-15 | 1980-04-03 | Ssab Svenskt Stal Ab | Method for opening the tundish nozzle in continuous casting of steel |
| EP0090270A1 (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1983-10-05 | Elektro-Thermit GmbH | Self-opening seal for a crucible used in aluminothermic reactions |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR195717A1 (en) * | 1972-06-22 | 1973-10-31 | Elektro Thermit Gmbh | A CLOSURE FOR POTS USED IN ALUMINOTHERMAL REACTION |
| FR2234089B1 (en) * | 1973-06-20 | 1978-10-27 | Gennevilliers Acieries | |
| GB8929193D0 (en) * | 1989-12-27 | 1990-02-28 | Brown Charles D | Ceramic fibre joint & applicator |
| GB9418291D0 (en) * | 1994-09-10 | 1994-10-26 | Foseco Int | Improvements in molten metal handling vessels |
-
1998
- 1998-10-17 EP EP98119650A patent/EP0914889A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-10-23 US US09/178,146 patent/US6120726A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2022794A (en) * | 1978-05-26 | 1979-12-19 | Elektro Thermit Gmbh | Casting Crucible for Aluminothermic Welding |
| WO1980000546A1 (en) * | 1978-09-15 | 1980-04-03 | Ssab Svenskt Stal Ab | Method for opening the tundish nozzle in continuous casting of steel |
| EP0090270A1 (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1983-10-05 | Elektro-Thermit GmbH | Self-opening seal for a crucible used in aluminothermic reactions |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103752870A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-30 | 柳州市永信机械配件制造有限公司 | Conductive block of positioning head |
| CN103752870B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2016-05-18 | 柳州市永信机械配件制造有限公司 | Positioning head conducting block |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6120726A (en) | 2000-09-19 |
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