EP0911588B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abkapselung mittels thermischer Stratifikation - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abkapselung mittels thermischer Stratifikation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0911588B1
EP0911588B1 EP98402641A EP98402641A EP0911588B1 EP 0911588 B1 EP0911588 B1 EP 0911588B1 EP 98402641 A EP98402641 A EP 98402641A EP 98402641 A EP98402641 A EP 98402641A EP 0911588 B1 EP0911588 B1 EP 0911588B1
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Prior art keywords
volume
fluid
enclosure
slots
hot
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EP98402641A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0911588A1 (de
Inventor
Guillaume Mehlman
François Meline
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Orano Demantelement SAS
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Compagnie Generale des Matieres Nucleaires SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F9/00—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a method and a device for containment. It relates more precisely to a process for confining pollution generated in the upper or lower volume (s) of a filled enclosure fluid and a device associated with said process.
  • Said process - industrial - is original in that it is based on the natural phenomenon of stratification thermal. Its implementation can, surprisingly, ensure containment effective in different contexts and especially in the most unfavorable one, where a hot polluting source is placed in the lower part of a enclosure whose upper part is to be protected from said polluting source.
  • the Applicant has particularly developed the process and device for the invention in the context of vitrification of industrial fission products to protect against pollution from the melting pot and the calciner of equipment of the lifting unit type, arranged in the upper part of the vitrification cell. Said method and device of the invention, described in details below, are however not limited to this context.
  • the stratification phenomenon is much more unstable and the interface is less straightforward than that which prevails between liquid phases.
  • the interface is replaced by a mixing zone , due to Brownian and turbulent diffusion, in which the average concentration of one phase in the other varies continuously with a high gradient when we move along the vertical axis.
  • said natural phenomenon of thermal stratification could, surprisingly, be controlled, exploited for artificially create in horizontal planes real containment barriers, both in liquids and gases.
  • Such mastery the skilled person would readily agree, was not obvious. He appeared in fact very little likely to reach it, especially in a gaseous atmosphere, very sensitive to convection and turbulence currents. There was, in fact, a real prejudice unfavorable, to base an industrial confinement process on this phenomenon natural thermal stratification.
  • the invention therefore relates to a containment process pollution generated in the upper or lower volume (s) an enclosure filled with fluid - gas, generally air or liquid, generally water by thermal stratification: the average temperature of said higher volume is maintained sufficiently above temperature average of said lower volume so that said two volumes are separated by a turbulent intermediate zone of small thickness, called mixing zone, at the within which a high temperature gradient is maintained; said intermediate zone constitutes, in a horizontal plane, a containment barrier dynamic, acting as a virtual partition.
  • Said method consists in artificially creating a containment barrier between the upper and lower volumes of the enclosure, maintaining a gap sufficiently large temperature between said upper and lower volumes (the temperature of said upper volume obviously being maintained above the temperature of said lower volume).
  • Said temperature difference must ensure a sufficiently high density difference between the hot fluid of the upper volume and cold volume of the lower volume.
  • Said difference must in fact be such that the work of the vertical forces pointing downwards for the fluid cold - or upwards for hot fluid - (said forces, due to the thrust Archimedes, are applied to the various volume elements of the two phases, and tend to separate them by stratification), which is preponderant vis-à-vis work inertial forces due to the speed of penetration of said volume elements into the mixing zone. These are due to the random speeds that prevail in the turbulence of the atmosphere and are responsible for mixing by diffusion and heat exchanges between phases.
  • the method of the invention can be implemented works in an enclosure filled with gas (we speak more readily then of a cell or room) or in an enclosure filled with liquid (such as a swimming pool).
  • a single fluid, gas or liquid generally intervenes.
  • the gas we have seen that it generally consists of air; regarding the liquid, into water.
  • other gases such as nitrogen for example or other liquids is in no way excluded from the scope of the invention.
  • it is not not totally excluded from bringing two or two gases into an enclosure liquids of different nature. However, in such a case, care is taken to ensure that that the densities of said two intervening fluids are compatible with the implementation of the process.
  • the method of the invention in fact ensures the respective confinement of the two upper and lower volumes of the enclosure, pollution being generated in a single of said volumes and the other then being protected from it or pollution being generated in each of said volumes and each of said volumes being then protected from the pollution generated in the other.
  • Pollution can be diverse in nature. Its source can, for example, consist of a mechanical source of radioactive dust in particular (such as sawing station, shearing station, or welding station, generally positioned at the bottom of an enclosure; such a position can however be perfectly positioned at the top of an enclosure, especially in the context of work on lead into the top of an appliance, such as a rocket) or into a possibly hot charge emitting vapors charged with particles (such as melting pot and calciner, arranged at the bottom of a vitrification cell. fission products).
  • a mechanical source of radioactive dust in particular (such as sawing station, shearing station, or welding station, generally positioned at the bottom of an enclosure; such a position can however be perfectly positioned at the top of an enclosure, especially in the context of work on lead into the top of an appliance, such as a rocket) or into a possibly hot charge emitting vapors charged with particles (such as melting pot and calciner, arranged at the bottom of a vitrification cell. fission products).
  • Such a source of pollution can be cold or hot, arranged in upper and / or lower part of the enclosure. All cases are possible, the most unfavorable case being that of the hot polluting source placed in the bottom of the enclosure. Pollution from such a source naturally tendency, by convection, to pollute the upper zone.
  • the process of the invention which can be effectively implemented in these different cases is also effective in this delicate context, particularly delicate if one operates in a gaseous atmosphere.
  • the two upper and lower volumes are, so independent, swept by a fluid, at an adequate temperature; said fluid, injected into the upper volume, being taken up just above the interface upper of the mixing zone (containment barrier) and said fluid, injected in the lower volume, being taken up just below the lower interface of said mixing zone; said fluids, of identical or different nature, being injected, into each of said volumes, under conditions such as the component the vertical speed of the turbulence generated is minimized.
  • the hot fluid sweeping the upper volume of the enclosure is, in the part of an advantageous variant of implementation of the invention, at least in part recycled.
  • a containment barrier maintaining a sufficient temperature difference important between the lower part (cold zone) and the upper part (zone warm) from the speaker.
  • This temperature difference can be generated by any means. We have seen, above, that advantageously, it results from a scanning of said parts lower and upper with a fluid (s) at suitable temperatures.
  • said means for maintaining suitable temperatures the upper and lower volumes of the enclosure can decline according to several variants and that in any event it is interesting to insulating said upper volume. Indeed, it is interesting, on the one hand, to reduce heat exchange and, on the other hand, avoid too great a difference in temperature between said walls of said upper volume and the ambient atmosphere. Such a large temperature difference is likely to cause currents of convection and harmful turbulence.
  • the fluid hot in the upper volume (more precisely, in the lower part of said volume upper) and cold fluid in the lower volume (more precisely, in part high of said lower volume) slots of small width, uniformly distributed on the same level, facing each other, over the entire length of two vertical walls opposite of the enclosure.
  • said slots do not do not weaken the structure of the vertical walls including them. They are actually divided into a plurality of elements (slots). Assuming an enclosure rectangular person, the skilled person will understand that said slots recovery are advantageously arranged along the longitudinal (horizontal) axis of said enclosure.
  • a floor and / or a ceiling is provided (or even a false floor or / and false ceiling) of the enclosure, perforated, on at least part of its surface, constituting a diffusing wall of the injected fluid.
  • longitudinal slots are used, generally at least two to ensure effective scanning. Said slots can be fitted in the same way, in a false ceiling or a false floor.
  • two series of slots are provided, at the bottom and / or the top of vertical walls of the enclosure. These slots are staggered - (the two series are advantageously regularly offset) - to minimize the turbulence generated during injection.
  • Those, arranged in the lower volume of the enclosure are, advantageously, not at floor level (or false floor) but slightly above it. This avoids mixing the settled dust on said floor (or false floor).
  • the device of the invention can involve in the volumes upper and lower of the enclosure the same type of fluid emission device or different type fluid emission devices.
  • the fluid emission device in the higher or lower volume (s) within which one (s) pollution is generated, is of type c) above. This type of device is really optimized to minimize the component vertical velocity of turbulence generated at injection.
  • the means of the device of the invention provided for scanning greater volume with a hot fluid advantageously include means for at least partially recycling said hot fluid.
  • the means of the device of the invention provided for sweep the lower volume with a cold fluid, are advantageously supplied by a fluid at room temperature or by a fluid cooled upstream, advantageously by means of a heat pump which uses the calories taken from said fluid to raise the temperature of the fluid supplying the hot fluid emission device.
  • vitrification cells fission products which have a hot spring at a low level contaminant and which are equipped in their upper part with a lifting bridge.
  • the description which follows is in fact generalizable to any context of this type, in which there is a contaminating hot spring below and equipment, requiring periodic maintenance operations, to be protected, above.
  • Figure 1 there is shown schematically, in cut, such a cell.
  • Figure 3 shows a profile of temperatures within the Figure 2 cell.
  • FIG. 5 is a section on V of said FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlargement of part of said FIG. 5.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is, within the cell, the source pollutant 1 (melting pot + calciner, diagrammatic) and the lifting bridge 2, to be protected of said polluting source 1. Said cell is filled with air.
  • the technical problem that the Applicant faced was that of significantly limiting the contamination of lifting units in such cells.
  • the air heated and contaminated by the melting pot and the calciner 1 rises in the cell as in a chimney, and to the extent where this air is loaded with radioactive particles, it contaminates the bridge of lifting 2 in the upper part of the cell, thereby making it much more complex all maintenance operations for this equipment.
  • the return experience has shown that the availability of the lifting units present in the cells containing hot pollution sources is directly related to their degree of contamination.
  • the cell has the following dimensions: Length 12.0 m Width 3.6m Height under crows of the lifting bridge 7.5m Total height 9.0 m
  • FIG. 1 a ventilation system had been put in place to protect said bridge 2.
  • Air was introduced into the upper part of the cell (above the melting pot) and was taken from the lower part of the opposite wall. Said air was blown at a temperature of 28 ° C at a flow rate of 4,300 Nm 3 / h.
  • a confinement barrier 3 is created, in a horizontal plane, maintaining a sufficiently large temperature difference between the lower part (cold zone) 4 and the upper part (hot zone) 5 of the cell.
  • Said temperature difference is maintained by a ventilation system appropriate and must be such that the result of the gravitational forces applying to a cold air volume element which would enter the hot zone 5 or greater than the inertial forces applying to this same element, bringing this cold air volume element to descend to the bottom of the cell until level where it is at equilibrium, thus preventing it from going to contaminate the bridge lifting 2 in the upper part 5 of the cell.
  • this thickness is even smaller than the temperature difference between zones is larger.
  • the ventilation is designed as if it should ensure the rate of air renewal in two separate superimposed cells (4 and 5) and separated by a material volume whose thickness would be that of the area of mix 3. These two virtual cells (or zones) are supplied with a flow air that has undergone the usual treatment of ventilation air from reprocessing units.
  • the air outlets A and D are arranged so that they produce in each zone 5 and 4 respectively, a flow at low speed vertical permanent (a few cm / s) and whose random component must be as small as possible.
  • the flow in the lower (cold) zone 4 is oriented from bottom to top, the one in the upper (hot) zone 5 from top to bottom.
  • This stabilization requires a sufficiently precise control of the ratio of supply and extract air flows from the hot and cold air circuits, the solution the simplest to implement in this regard being the recycling of hot air which also has the advantage of saving thermal energy associated with reduction in size of the heating batteries.
  • Insulation of the side walls of the upper zone 5, which reduces heat exchange and parasitic convection currents, is an element favorable to the stability of the mixing zone 3.
  • the temperature in the upper zone 5 must be as high as possible, it is only limited by the cooling constraint of the the lifting unit.
  • the supply air flow rate of the lower volume 4 is a function of the intensity of the sources of pollution and their nature, and mainly the total power released by the thermal sources it contains; warming of the resulting average air temperature to be compensated for by the cold air flow.
  • the constraint of limiting the thickness of the mixture layer 3 (therefore of the speed of penetration and the speed of upward flow of air through a horizontal cross section), determines in each case the maximum value admissible flow.
  • the equal distribution of the blowing rate of the ventilation outlets A, D on the one hand, and extraction rates of the return slots B, C on the other hand, is a essential for effective stratification.
  • Supply ducts for air outlets A, D and ducts extraction slots B, C must be designed according to this constraint (blading of fans, variable duct sections, etc.). Therefore, and taking into account the possible congestion which results therefrom, the dimensioning study ducts is an essential element in the design of the device, a study which must precede that of the civil engineering of the cell.
  • the cell can indeed be designed with internal double walls in heat-insulating (for example in expanded glass); the space on the order of 0.4 m between these walls and those of the civil engineering of the cell then being available for the sheaths and supply air distribution devices.
  • the air outlets A, D which are more "inductive” (that is to say which induce internal circulation movements) should be as far away from mixing zone 3 as possible, while the return slots B, C whose induction effect on the environment is very limited in space can be located as close as possible to mixing zone 3 of which they limit and stabilize the limits on the vertical walls of the cell.
  • the air outlets can be arranged (taking into account the method of fixing the lifting unit) according to narrow slots, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cell and practically continuous.
  • the hot air flow is chosen to ensure a flow rate of about 0.04 m / s across the area of the horizontal section of the upper volume 5.
  • the flow near the upper plane of mixing zone 3 can be likened to a laminar flow where the turbulent diffusion is negligible, and, for the finest polluting particles (whose diffusion is the fastest), the Brownian diffusion speed is very less than 0.04 m / s.
  • the arrangement and geometry of the cold air emission outlets D have for the purpose of optimizing the concentration of polluted air and hot air in the atmosphere of the lower zone (cold zone) 4, while limiting the component vertical of the random velocities of the induced turbulence.
  • the narrow D emission outlets (in the form of loopholes) are located near the floor on the longest sides of the cell and arranged in staggered rows.
  • jet planes produce, by the shearing effect due to the velocities opposite, vortices whose velocities have small vertical components and which cause the currents from various sources to mix with the atmosphere (see figure 5).
  • the value of the average ascent speed of the air is chosen from about 0.04 m / s to limit the entrainment of polluting particles by the air of ventilation of the lower zone 4 to those whose "aerodynamic diameter" is less than 35 ⁇ m. Particles with a larger diameter tend to decant in the cell are not very adherent to the walls and fall under the dust removal by aspiration.
  • This speed defines a flow depending on the area of the horizontal section of the cell which must also be sufficient to ensure, taking into account the cold air supply temperature and hot spring power 1, maintaining a sufficiently low temperature in the cold zone 4.
  • a cooling battery supply air may be required to limit its flow.
  • the use of a heat pump raising the air temperature warm by lowering that of cold air may be the most rational solution.
  • the cold air C and hot air B return slots are arranged in horizontal lines constituting practically continuous slits (intervals between vertical sides of the suction outlets as small as possible), these lines horizontal facing each other on the two longest sides.
  • the upper level of the cold air return slots C limits the plane of the mixing zone 3, while the lower level of the hot air intake B limits the upper plane of said mixing zone 3.
  • the upper level of the hot air return slots B must be located approximately 1 m below the lower level of the volume in which the lifting unit operates. In the case of a bridge garage, the upper level of the slots hot air return must be below the level of the floor of the garage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zur Abschirmung der Umweltbelastung, die in dem oberen Raum (5) oder (und) in dem unteren Raum (4) eines mit einem Fluid - einem Gas, im allgemeinen Luft, oder einer Flüssigkeit, im allgemeinen Wasser - gefüllten Behälters entsteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es umfasst die Ausbildung einer wirksamen Abschirmungsschicht durch Halten der mittleren Temperatur des oberen Raums (5) bei einem Wert, der ausreichend höher ist als die mittlere Temperatur des unteren Raums (4), sodass die beiden Räume (5, 4) durch eine turbulente Zwischenzone (3) mit geringer Dicke, eine so genannte Mischzone, voneinander getrennt sind, in deren Innern ein hoher Temperaturgradient aufrechterhalten wird, wobei die genannte Zwischenzone (3) in einer horizontalen Ebene die wirksame Abschirmungs-Sperrschicht bildet, und die Abschirmung somit auf dem natürlichen Phänomen der thermischen Schichtenbildung basiert.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden oberen und unteren Räume (5, 4) unabhängig voneinander mit einem Fluid mit einer geeigneten Temperatur gespült werden; wobei das Fluid, das in den oberen Raum (5) injiziert wird, direkt oberhalb der oberen Grenzfläche der Mischzone (3) aufgenommen wird und das Fluid, das in den unteren Raum (4) injiziert wird, unmittelbar unterhalb der unteren Grenzfläche der Mischzone (3) aufgenommen wird; wobei die Fluids, die gleich oder verschieden sein können, unter solchen Bedingungen in jeden der genannten Räume (5, 4) injiziert werden, dass die vertikale Komponente der Geschwindigkeit der erzeugten Turbulenzen minimiert ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es unter Recyclisierung mindestens eines Teils des warmen Fluids durchgeführt wird, mit dem der obere Raum (5) gespült wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es in einem mit einem Gas, im allgemeinen Luft, gefüllten Behälter durchgeführt wird, um die Umweltbelastung, die von einer gegebenenfalls warmen Schadstoffquelle (1) ausgeht, die im unteren Teil angeordnet ist, abzuschirmen, wobei der genannte Behälter insbesondere bestehen kann aus einer Zelle zur Vitrifikation von Spaltprodukten der Atomindustrie.
  5. Vorrichtung zur Abschirmung der Umweltbelastung, die in dem Raum (5) oberen oder (und) in dem unteren Raum (4) eines Behälters entsteht, der mit einem Fluid - einem Gas, im allgemeinen Luft, oder einer Flüssigkeit, im allgemeinen Wasser - gefüllt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie umfasst
    (a) Einrichtungen, um die mittlere Temperatur des oberen Raumes (5) oberhalb der mittleren Temperatur des unteren Raumes (4) zu halten, durch Ausbildung in einer horizontalen Ebene zwischen den beiden oberen und unteren Räumen (5, 4) einer wirksamen Abschirmungs-Sperrschicht, einer turbulenten Zwischenzone (3) geringer Dicke, einer so genannten Mischzone, in deren Innem ein hoher Temperaturgradient aufrechterhalten wird; und, zweckmäβig,
    (b) Wänneisolierungs-Einrichtungen für mindestens bestimmte Wände des oberen Raumes (5).
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtungen (a), die in jedem der genannten oberen und unteren Räume (5, 4) in zweckmäßiger Weise angeordnete Einrichtungen zur Emission (A und D) und zum Einlass (B und C) eines Fluids aufweisen, das Spülen jedes der oberen und unteren Räume (5, 4) mit dem Fluid bei einer geeigneten Temperatur gewährleisten, wobei die Formen und Dimensionen der Emissionseinrichtungen (A und D) optimiert sind, um die vertikale Komponente der erzeugten Geschwindigkeit der Turbulenzen zu verkleinern.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtungen zum Einlass des warmen Fluids (B) in den oberen Raum (5) und des kalten Fluids (C) in den unteren Raum (4) aus Schlitzen geringer Breite bestehen, die, in der gleichen Ebene einander gegenüberliegend, über die gesamte Länge der beiden einander gegenüberliegenden vertikalen Wände des Behälters gleichmäßig verteilt sind.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur Emission des warmen Fluids (A) in den oberen Raum (5) oder (und) die Einrichtung zur Emission des kalten Fluids (D) in den unteren Raum (4) besteht (bestehen) aus einer horizontalen Oberfläche, die eine gleichrnäßige Verteilung des Fluids gewährleistet.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur Emission des warmen Fluids (A) in den oberen Raum (5) oder (und) die Einrichtung zur Emission des kalten Fluids (D) in den unteren Raum (4) besteht (bestehen) aus mindestens zwei Schlitzen geringer Breite, die parallel zueinander über die gesamte Länge einer horizontalen Wand (im allgemeinen die Decke oder/und der Boden) des Behälters gleichmäßig verteilt sind.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur Emission des warmen Fluids (A) in den oberen Raum (5) oder (und) die Einrichtung zur Emission des kalten Fluids (D) in den unteren Raum (4) besteht (bestehen) aus zwei Reihen von Schlitzen mit geringer Breite und Höhe, die wechselständig über die gesamte Länge der beiden einander gegenüberliegenden vertikalen Wände des Behälters gleichmäßig verteilt sind, wobei die Schlitze im Bereich oder in der Nähe der horizontalen Wand, im allgemeinen die Decke oder der Boden (der horizontalen Wände, im allgemeinen die Decke und der Boden) im Kontakt mit den beiden vertikalen Wänden beginnen.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der obere Raum (5) oder (und) der untere Raum (4) in dessen (deren) Innern die Umweltbelastung entsteht, die Einrichtung zur Emission (A oder (und) D) des Fluids aus zwei Reihen von Schlitzen mit geringer Breite und Höhe besteht, die wechselständig über die gesamte Länge der beiden einander gegenüberliegenden vertikalen Wände des Behälters gleichmäßig verteilt sind, wobei die Schlitze im Bereich oder in der Nähe der horizontalen Wand, im allgemeinen die Decke oder der Boden (der horizontalen Wände, im allgemeinen die Decke und der Boden) im Kontakt mit den beiden vertikalen Wänden beginnen.
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Einrichtungen zur mindestens partiellen Recyclisierung des warmen Fluids umfasst, welches den oberen Raum (5) spült.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur Emission des kalten Fluids (D) mit einem Fluid mit Umgebungstemperatur oder mit einem gekühlten Fluid stromaufwärts beschickt wird, zweckmäßig mittels einer Wärmepumpe, welche die aus dem Fluid entnommene Wärmemenge dazu verwendet, die Temperatur des Fluids, mit dem die Einrichtung zur Emission des warmen Fluids (A) beschickt wird, zu erhöhen.
  14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, die geeignet ist zur Abschirmung der Umweltbelastung, die von einer gegebenenfalls warmen Schadstoffquelle abgegeben wird, die im unteren Teil eines Behälters angeordnet ist, der mit einem Gas, im allgemeinen Luft, gefüllt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie enthält:
    in ihrem unteren Raum (4) eine Einrichtung zur Emission eines kalten Gases (D), im allgemeinen Luft, die aus zwei Reihen von Schlitzen mit geringer Breite und Höhe bestehen, die wechselständig über die gesamte Länge der beiden einander gegenüberliegenden vertikalen Wände des Behälters gleichmäßig verteilt sind, wobei die Schlitze im Bereich oder in der Nähe der horizontalen Wand (im allgemeinen der Boden) im Kontakt mit den beiden vertikalen Wänden beginnen;
    in ihrem oberen Raum (5) eine Einrichtung zur Emission eines warmen Gases (A), im allgemeinen Luft, die aus mindestens zwei Schlitzen mit geringer Breite besteht, die parallel zueinander über die gesamte Länge einer horizontalen Wand (im allgemeinen die Decke) des Behälters gleichmäßig verteilt sind; und
    in ihren oberen und unteren Räumen (5, 4) eine Einrichtung zur Aufnahme des injizierten Gases (B, C), im allgemeinen Luft, die aus Schlitzen mit einer geringen Breite besteht, die in der gleichen Höhe einander gegenüberliegend über die gesamte Länge der beiden einander gegenüberliegenden vertikalen Wände des Behälters gleichmäßig verteilt sind.
EP98402641A 1997-10-24 1998-10-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abkapselung mittels thermischer Stratifikation Expired - Lifetime EP0911588B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9713338A FR2770330B1 (fr) 1997-10-24 1997-10-24 Procede et dispositif de confinement par stratification thermique
FR9713338 1997-10-24

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EP0911588A1 EP0911588A1 (de) 1999-04-28
EP0911588B1 true EP0911588B1 (de) 2003-10-01

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US (1) US6386968B2 (de)
EP (1) EP0911588B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4272281B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69818604T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2770330B1 (de)

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DE69818604D1 (de) 2003-11-06
EP0911588A1 (de) 1999-04-28
US6386968B2 (en) 2002-05-14
JP4272281B2 (ja) 2009-06-03
US20020000525A1 (en) 2002-01-03
JPH11218598A (ja) 1999-08-10
DE69818604T2 (de) 2004-07-08
FR2770330B1 (fr) 2000-01-14
FR2770330A1 (fr) 1999-04-30

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