EP0904341A2 - Composition de nettoyage de textiles, sous forme liquides a phases stables - Google Patents

Composition de nettoyage de textiles, sous forme liquides a phases stables

Info

Publication number
EP0904341A2
EP0904341A2 EP97924773A EP97924773A EP0904341A2 EP 0904341 A2 EP0904341 A2 EP 0904341A2 EP 97924773 A EP97924773 A EP 97924773A EP 97924773 A EP97924773 A EP 97924773A EP 0904341 A2 EP0904341 A2 EP 0904341A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cleaning
compositions
bag
fabric
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97924773A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Timothy Clair Roetker
Ronald Anthony Masters
Michael Peter Siklosi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Co
Original Assignee
Procter and Gamble Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Co filed Critical Procter and Gamble Co
Publication of EP0904341A2 publication Critical patent/EP0904341A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2068—Ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/02—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using organic solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/75—Amino oxides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to compositions for refreshing and/or cleaning fabrics.
  • dry cleaning has been used to describe processes for cleaning textiles using nonaqueous solvents. Dry cleaning is an old art, with solvent cleaning first being recorded in the United Kingdom in the 1860's. Typically, dry cleaning processes are used with garments such as woolens which are subject to shrinkage in aqueous laundering baths, or which are judged to be too valuable or too delicate to subject to aqueous laundering processes. Various hydrocarbon and halocarbon solvents have traditionally been used in immersion dry cleaning processes, and the need to handle and reclaim such solvents has mainly restricted the practice of conventional dry cleaning to commercial establishments.
  • dry cleaning In addition to the cleaning function, dry cleaning also provides important "refreshment" benefits. For example, dry cleaning removes undesirable odors and extraneous matter such as hair and lint from garments, which are then generally folded or pressed to remove wrinkles and restore their original shape. Of course, such refreshment benefits are also afforded by aqueous laundering processes.
  • One type of home dry cleaning system comprises a carrier sheet containing various cleaning agents, and a plastic bag.
  • the garments to be cleaned are placed in the bag together with the sheet, and then tumbled in a conventional clothes dryer.
  • multiple single-use flat sheets and a single multi-use plastic bag are provided in a package.
  • such processes may not satisfactorily remove stains from heavily soiled or "spotted" areas of the fabrics being dry cleaned.
  • soiled garments may be "pre-spotted” on localized areas using so-called “spot removal” compositions prior to cleaning or laundering.
  • Butoxy propoxy propanol (BPP) is a preferred cleanings solvent for such use. It has now been discovered that liquid compositions comprising the preferred BPP solvent and water are unstable with respect to phase separation when stored at temperatures above about 90°F. Such elevated temperatures may be encountered when the compositions are stored or shipped and can result in an unacceptable product being delivered to the consumer.
  • alkyl sulfate and/or alkyl ethoxy sulfate surfactants used as disclosed herein can be used to phase- stabilize such liquid compositions.
  • the stabilized compositions herein do not leave unsightly solid residues on the fabric being treated.
  • Dry cleaning processes are disclosed in: EP 429J72A1, published 29.05.91, Leigh, et al.; and in U.S. 5,238,587, issued 8/24/93, Smith, et al.
  • Other references relating to dry cleaning compositions and processes, as well as wrinkle treatments for fabrics include: GB 1,598,91 1; and U.S. Patents 4,126,563, 3,949,137, 3,593,544, 3,647,354; 3,432,253 and 1,747,324; and German applications 2,021,561 and 2,460,239, 0,208,989 and 4,007,362.
  • Cleaning/pre-spotting compositions and methods are also disclosed, for example, in U.S.
  • Sheet substrates for use in a laundry dryer are disclosed in Canadian 1,005,204.
  • U.S. 3,956,556 and 4,007,300 relate to perforated sheets for fabric conditioning in a clothes dryer.
  • U.S. 4,692,277 discloses the use of 1 ,2-octanediol in liquid cleaners. See also U.S.
  • the present invention encompasses phase-stable, liquid fabric refreshment and cleaning compositions, comprising:
  • a surfactant which is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates, alkyl ethoxy sulfates and mixtures thereof.
  • the invention also encompasses a method for removing both localized and overall stains and soils from fabrics and refreshing fabrics by contacting said fabrics with the above-disclosed compositions.
  • the localized spot removal (a.k.a. "pre-spotting") step of the present invention is preferably conducted using a treatment means comprising a spot removal device, especially a device designed for hand-held use, comprising:
  • a preferred device herein is wherein the front treatment face is substantially hemispherical, or alternatively, inscribes a section of a hemisphere.
  • the face has a treatment member which comprises an absorbent material such as a sponge, a pad, or the like.
  • the treatment member comprises a multiplicity of protrusions, such as bristles.
  • the treatment member comprises a sponge base having a multiplicity of protrusions extending outwardly therefrom.
  • the treatment means need not be part of the device as noted, but can be simple pads, sheets (e.g., disposable paper toweling), cloth wipes, sponges, or the like, which can be pressed against the stained area of the fabric.
  • the invention also encompasses a method for removing stains from a stained area of fabrics, comprising the steps of:
  • Step (b) concurrently or consecutively with Step (a), contacting the stained area of the fabrics with treatment means, preferably using a convex device as noted above;
  • the pre-spotting process is shown being conducted using a carrier sheet which is saturated with the cleaning composition and positioned in a holding tray or other suitable receptacle as a containment system for the cleaning composition.
  • This allows the mechanical agitation afforded by the device to take place in an environment saturated or partially saturated with cleaning composition, akin to a "micro" washing machine.
  • the cleaning compositions can be applied to the fabric by any convenient means, e.g., by spraying, daubing, pouring, and the like, rather than from a carrier sheet.
  • This mode can also conveniently be conducted using a tray or other receptacle according to the following general procedure:
  • the key benefits in conducting the pre-spotting process in this way are that the pre-hydration step makes cleaning easier (rather like soaking a casserole dish in hot water with dishwashing detergent before trying to clean it), and minimizes ring formation on the fabric.
  • the invention also encompasses an overall dry cleaning process for treating an entire area of fabric surface, which comprises a prespotting operation according to this invention and comprising the overall steps of:
  • the invention also encompasses a dry cleaning kit, comprising:
  • the Figure is a perspective of the present process using a convex device (1) to spot treat stains (2) using hand pressure.
  • a holding tray (4) is placed beneath the fabric (3) being treated and a sheet substrate releasably containing a cleaning composition is placed in the tray.
  • the fabric being treated is then placed over the sheet substrate and the device is rocked back and forth on the stained area. A portion of the cleaning composition is released from the sheet substrate into and through the stained area of the fabric.
  • the treatment members on the treatment face of the device gently, but effectively, work in combination with the cleaning composition to loosen and remove the stain from the fabric.
  • phase-stable liquid compositions which are homogeneous over their intended usage range (ca. 50°F-95°F), or which, if stored temperatures which cause phase separation ( ⁇ 40°F-1 10°F), will revert to their homogeneous state when brought back to temperatures in the intended usage range.
  • an “effective amount” herein is meant an amount of the alkyl sulfate and/or alkyl ethoxy sulfate surfactant sufficient to provide a phase-stable liquid composition, as defined hereinabove.
  • aqueous cleaning compositions herein is meant compositions which comprise a major portion of water, plus the BPP or other cleaning solvents, the aforesaid surfactant or surfactant mixture, optional other surfactants, especially amine oxides, hydrotropes, perfumes, and the like, especially those disclosed hereinafter.
  • cleaning herein is meant the removal of soils and stains from fabrics.
  • freshment herein is meant the removal of malodors and/or wrinkles from the fabrics, or the improvement of their overall appearance, other than primarily removing soils and stains.
  • Typical fabric refreshment compositions can comprise more water (95-99.9%, preferably greater than 95% up to about 99%) and fewer cleaning ingredients than typical cleaning compositions.
  • protuberances herein is meant knobs, fibers, bristles or like structures which extend outwardly from the surface of the treatment device. Such elements of the device come into contact with the fabric being spot-cleaned (“pre-spotted”) to provide the mechanical cleaning action.
  • contact with stained areas is meant contact which is afforded by impingement of the protuberances, pads, sponges, etc., which comprise the treatment means or device with the stained area. It is highly desirable that this contact result in a force which is directed substantially downward, i.e., in the Z- direction substantially pe ⁇ endicular to the surface of the stain, rather than a side-to- side scrubbing motion in the X- and Y-directions, to minimize fabric damage or "wear".
  • the contact is associated with a rocking or rolling motion by the device, whereby the curved surface of the device imparts the force in the Z- direction.
  • alkyl Sulfates Alkyl Ethoxy Sulfates and Optional Surfactants -
  • the alkyl sulfate surfactants used herein are the Cg-C j g primary ("AS"; preferred C10-C 14, sodium salts), as well as branched-chain and random C 10-C20 alkyl sulfates, and Cl0-Cl8 secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfates of the formula CH 3 (CH 2 ) x (CHOSO3 " M + ) CH3 and CH3 (CH 2 ) y (CHOS ⁇ 3 " M + ) CH2CH3 where x and (y + 1) are integers of at least about 7, preferably at least about 9, and M is a water-solubilizing cation, especially sodium, as well as unsaturated sulfates such as oleyl sulfate.
  • AS preferred C10-C 14, sodium salts
  • Cl0-Cl8 secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfates of the formula CH 3
  • Alkyl ethoxy sulfate (AES) surfactants used herein are conventionally depicted as having the formula R(EO) x SO3Z, wherein R is C 10-C16 alkyl, EO is -CH2CH2-O-, x is 1- 10 and can include mixtures which are conventionally reported as averages, e.g., (EO)2.5, (EO)6 5 and the like, and Z is a cation such as sodium and, preferably, magnesium (MgAES).
  • the C ⁇ -Ci g dimethyl amine oxide surfactants can also be used.
  • a preferred mixture comprises MgAEjS/MgAEg 5S/C12 dimethyl amine oxide at a weight ratio of about 1 :1 :1.
  • surfactants which improve phase stability and which optionally can be used herein include the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, e.g., C12-C14 N-methyl glucamide.
  • Nonionics such as the ethoxylated ClO"Ci6 alcohols, e.g., NEODOL 23-6.5, which do not negatively impact phase stability can also be included in the overall compositions.
  • AS stabilized compositions preferably comprise 0.1%-0.5%, by weight, of the compositions herein.
  • MgAES and amine oxides, if used, can comprise 0.01%-2%, by weight, of the compositions.
  • the optional surfactants can be used at similar levels.
  • compositions herein comprise ingredients which are specially selected and formulated to minimize dye removal or migration from the stain site of fugitive, unfixed dye from the fabrics being cleaned.
  • solvents typically used in immersion dry cleaning processes can remove some portion of certain types of dyes from certain types of fabrics.
  • removal is tolerable in immersion processes since the dye is removed relatively uniformly across the surface of the fabric.
  • high concentrations of certain types of cleaning ingredients at specific sites on fabric surfaces can result in unacceptable localized dye removal.
  • the preferred compositions herein are formulated to minimize or avoid this problem.
  • the dye removal attributes of the present compositions can be compared with art-disclosed cleaners using photographic or photometric measurements, or by means of a simple, but effective, visual grading test. Numerical score units can be assigned to assist in visual grading and to allow for statistical treatment of the data, if desired.
  • a colored garment typically, silk, which tends to be more susceptible to dye loss than most woolen or rayon fabrics
  • padding-on cleaner/refresher using an absorbent, white paper hand towel. Hand pressure is applied, and the amount of dye which is transferred onto the white towel is assessed visually.
  • compositions used herein are preferably formulated such that they are easily dispensed and not so adhesive in nature that they render the spot-cleaning device unhandy or difficult to use.
  • the preferred compositions disclosed herein afford a spot-cleaning process which is both effective and aesthetically pleasing when used with a device according to this invention.
  • compositions herein will preferably comprise from about 0.5% to about 4%, by weight, of BPP solvent.
  • compositions herein will comprise from about 94%, preferably from about 95.5% to about 99%, by weight, of water.
  • compositions herein will comprise from about 0.05% to about 2%. by weight, of alkyl sulfate or MgAES surfactants. Typically, the weight ratio of BPP solvent:surfactant(s) is in the range of from about 10:1 to about 1 :1.
  • a preferred composition comprises 4% BPP/0.4% AS.
  • Optionals may comprise minor amounts of various optional ingredients, including perfumes, conventional surfactants, and the like. If used, such optional ingredients will typically comprise from about 0.05% to about 2%, by weight, of the compositions, having due regard for residues on the cleaned fabrics.
  • the preferred cleaning solvent herein is butoxy propoxy propanol (BPP) which is available in commercial quantities as a mixture of isomers in about equal amounts.
  • BPP butoxy propoxy propanol
  • the isomers, and mixtures thereof, are useful herein.
  • the isomer structures are as follows: n— C 4 H 9 — O— CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 — O— CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 — OH
  • cleaning compositions herein function quite well with only the BPP, water and stabilizing surfactant, they may also optionally contain other ingredients to further enhance their stability.
  • Hydrotropes such as sodium toluene sulfonate and sodium cumene sulfonate, short-chain alcohols such as ethanol and isopropanol, and the like, can be present in the compositions. If used, such ingredients will typically comprise from about 0.05% to about 5%, by weight, of the stabilized compositions herein.
  • the cleaning compositions herein may comprise various optional ingredients, such as perfumes, preservatives, brighteners, salts for viscosity control, pH adjusters or buffers, and the like.
  • optional ingredients such as perfumes, preservatives, brighteners, salts for viscosity control, pH adjusters or buffers, and the like. The following illustrates preferred ranges for cleaning compositions for use herein, but is not intended to be limiting thereof.
  • Water Balance pH range from about 6 to about 8.
  • Other cleaning solvents or co-solvents which can optionally be used herein include various glycol ethers, including materials marketed under trademarks such as Carbitol, methyl Carbitol, butyl Carbitol, propyl Carbitol, and hexyl Cellosolve, and especially methoxy propoxy propanol (MPP), ethoxy propoxy propanol (EPP), propoxy propoxy propanol (PPP), and all isomers and mixtures, respectively, of MPP, EPP, and BPP, as well as butoxy propanol (BP), and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • MPP methoxy propoxy propanol
  • EPP ethoxy propoxy propanol
  • PPP propoxy propoxy propanol
  • BP butoxy propanol
  • compositions herein will typically comprise from about 0.5% to about 2.5%, by weight, of the compositions herein.
  • the use of the compositions herein is based on the discovery that the presence of low molecular weight organic solvents used in a containment bag can actually inhibit the ability to remove malodors from garments with an in-dryer product as a dry cleaning alternative.
  • the garments are placed in a carrier bag of reasonable gas permeability or porosity along with a carrier sheet (preferably non-woven fabric) wetted with about 10 to about 100 g of a water-based composition of the present type.
  • the fabric refreshment compositions may also contain anionic surfactants.
  • anionic surfactants are well-known in the detergency arts. Commercial surfactants available as TWEEN®, SPAN®, AEROSOL OT® and various sulfosuccinic esters are especially useful herein.
  • Carrier When used in a dry cleaning operation of the present type, the foregoing cleaning and/or refreshment compositions are conveniently used in combination with a carrier, such that the compositions perform their function as the surfaces of the fabrics come in contact with the surface of the carrier.
  • the carrier releasably contains the compositions.
  • releasably contains means that the compositions are effectively released from the carrier onto the soiled fabrics as part of the spot removal, dry cleaning and/or fabric refreshment processes herein.
  • the carrier can be in any desired form, such as powders, flakes, shreds, and the like. However, it will be appreciated that such comminuted carriers would have to be separated from the fabrics at the end of the process.
  • the carrier be in the form of an integral pad or sheet which substantially maintains its structural integrity throughout the process.
  • Such pads or sheets can be prepared, for example, using well-known methods for manufacturing non-woven sheets, paper towels, fibrous batts, cores for bandages, diapers and catamenials, and the like, using materials such as wood pulp, cotton, rayon, polyester fibers, and mixtures thereof. Woven cloth pads may also be used, but are not preferred over non-woven pads due to cost considerations.
  • Integral carrier pads or sheets may also be prepared from natural or synthetic sponges, foams, and the like.
  • the carriers are designed to be safe and effective under the intended operating conditions of the present process.
  • the carriers must not be flammable during the process, nor should they deleteriously interact with the cleaning or refreshment composition or with the fabrics being cleaned.
  • non-woven polyester-based pads or sheets are quite suitable for use as the carrier herein.
  • non-linting herein is meant a carrier which resists the shedding of visible fibers or microfibers onto the fabrics being cleaned, i.e., the deposition of what is known in common parlance as "lint".
  • a carrier can easily and adequately be judged for its acceptability with respect to its non-linting qualities by rubbing it on a piece of dark blue woolen cloth and visually inspecting the cloth for lint residues.
  • non-linting qualities of sheet or pad carriers used herein can be achieved by several means, including but not limited to: preparing the carrier from a single strand of fiber; employing known bonding techniques commonly used with nonwoven materials, e.g., point bonding, print bonding, adhesive/resin saturation bonding, adhesive/resin spray bonding, stitch bonding and bonding, with binder fibers.
  • a carrier can be prepared using an absorbent core, said core being made from a material which, itself, sheds lint. The core is then enveloped within a sheet of porous, non-linting material having a pore size which allows passage of the cleaning or refreshment compositions, but through which lint from the core cannot pass.
  • An example of such a carrier comprises a cellulose or polyester fiber core enveloped in a non-woven polyester scrim.
  • the carrier should be of a size which provides sufficient surface area that effective contact between the surface of the carrier and the surface of the fabrics being treated is achieved.
  • the size of the carrier should not be so large as to be unhandy for the user.
  • the dimensions of the carrier will be sufficient to provide a macroscopic surface area (both sides of the carrier) of at least about 360 cm 2 , preferably in the range from about 360 cm 2 to about 3000 cm 2 .
  • a rectangular carrier may have the dimensions (X-direction) of from about 20 cm to about 35 cm, and (Y-direction) of from about 18 cm to about 45 cm. Two or more smaller carrier units can be used when a larger surface area is desired (or needed).
  • the carrier is intended to contain a sufficient amount of the cleaning or refreshment compositions to be effective for their intended purpose.
  • the capacity of the carrier for such compositions will vary according to the intended usage. For example, pads or sheets which are intended for a single use will require less capacity than such pads or sheets which are intended for multiple uses.
  • the capacity for the cleaning or refreshment composition will vary mainly with the thickness or "caliper" (Z-direction; dry basis) of the sheet or pad.
  • typical single-use polyester sheets used herein will have a thickness in the range from about 0.1 mm to about 0.7 mm and a basis weight in the range from about 30 g/m 2 to about 100 g/m 2 .
  • Typical multi-use polyester pads herein will have a thickness in the range from about 0.2 mm to about 1.0 mm and a basis weight in the range from about 40 g/m 2 to about 150 g/m 2 .
  • Open-cell sponge sheets will range in thickness from about 0.1 mm to about 1.0 mm.
  • the foregoing dimensions may vary, as long as the desired quantity of the cleaning or refreshment composition is effectively provided by means of the carrier.
  • a preferred carrier herein comprises a binderless (or optional low binder), hydroentangled absorbent material, especially a material which is formulated from a blend of cellulosic, rayon, polyester and optional bicomponent fibers.
  • a binderless (or optional low binder) hydroentangled absorbent material, especially a material which is formulated from a blend of cellulosic, rayon, polyester and optional bicomponent fibers.
  • Such materials are available from Dexter, Non-Wovens Division, The Dexter Corporation as HYDRASPUN®, especially Grade 10244.
  • the manufacture of such materials forms no part of this invention and is already disclosed in the literature. See, for example, U.S. Patents 5,009,747, Viazmensky, et al., April 23, 1991 and 5,292,581 , Viazmensky, et al., March 8, 1994, incorporated herein by reference.
  • Preferred materials for use herein have the following physical properties.
  • the hydroentangling process provides a nonwoven material which comprises cellulosic fibers, and preferably at least about 5% by weight of synthetic fibers, and requires less than 2% wet strength agent to achieve improved wet strength and wet toughness.
  • this hydroentangled carrier is not merely a passive absorbent for the cleaning and/or refreshment compositions herein, but actually optimizes cleaning performance. While not intending to be limited by theory, it may be speculated that this carrier is more effective in delivering the compositions to soiled fabrics. Or, this particular carrier might be better for removing soils by contact with the soiled fabrics, due to its mixture of fibers. Whatever the reason, improved dry cleaning performance is secured.
  • this hydroentangled carrier material provides an additional, unexpected benefit due to its resiliency.
  • the sheets herein are designed to function in a substantially open configuration. However, the sheets may be packaged and sold to the consumer in a folded configuration. It has been discovered that carrier sheets made from conventional materials tend to undesirably revert to their folded configuration in-use. This undesirable attribute can be overcome by perforating such sheet, but this requires an additional processing step. It has now been discovered that the hydroentangled materials used to form the carrier sheet herein do not tend to re-fold during use, and thus do not require such perforations (although, of course, perforations may be used, if desired). Accordingly, this attribute of the hydroentangled carrier materials herein makes them optimal for use in the manner of the present invention.
  • Controlled Release Carriers Other carriers which can be used in the present invention are characterized by their ability to absorb liquid cleaning compositions, and to release them in a controlled manner. Such carriers can be single-layered or multi-layer laminates. In one embodiment, such controlled-release carriers can comprise the absorbent core materials disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,009,653, issued April 23, 1991 , to T. W. Osborn III, entitled “Thin. Flexible Sanitary Napkin", assigned to The Procter & Gamble Company, incorporated herein by reference. Another specific example of a controlled-release carrier herein comprises a hydroentangled web of fibers (as disclosed above) having particles of polymeric gelling materials dispersed, either uniformly or non-uniformly, in the web.
  • Suitable gelling materials include those disclosed in detail at columns 5 and 6 of Osborn, as well as those disclosed in U.S. 4,654,039, issued March 31, 1987, to Brandt, Goldman and Inglin.
  • Other carriers useful herein include WATER-LOCK® L-535, available from the Grain Processing Corporation of Muscatin, Iowa.
  • Non- particulate superabsorbents such as the acrylate fibrous material available under the tradename LANSEAL F from the Choli Company of Higashi, Osaka Japan and the carboxymethylcellulose fibrous material available under the tradename AQUALON C from Hercules, Inc., of Wilmington, Delaware can also be used herein. These fibrous superabsorbents are also convenient for use in a hydro-entangled-type web.
  • the controlled release carrier can comprise absorbent batts of cellulosic fibers or multiple layers of hydroentangled fibers, such as the HYDRASPUN sheets noted above.
  • absorbent carrier usually 2 to about 5 sheets of HYDRASPUN, which can optionally be spot-bonded or spot-glued to provide a coherent multi-layered structure, provides an absorbent carrier for use herein without the need for absorbent gelling materials, although such gelling materials can be used, if desired.
  • Other useful controlled release carriers include natural or synthetic sponges, especially open-cell polyurethane sponges and/or foams. Whatever controlled release carrier is selected, it should be one which imbibes the liquid cleaning compositions herein thoroughly, yet releases them with the application of pressure or heat.
  • the controlled release carriers herein will feel wet or, preferably, somewhat damp-to-nearly dry to the touch, and will not be dripping wet when carrying 10-30 g. of the cleaning composition.
  • coversheet In an optional embodiment, a liquid permeable coversheet is superimposed over the carrier.
  • the coversheet is associated with the carrier by spray-gluing the coversheet to the surface of the carrier.
  • the coversheet is preferably a material which is compliant and soft feeling. Further, the coversheet is liquid and/or vapor pervious, permitting the cleaning composition to transfer through its thickness.
  • a suitable coversheet may be manufactured from a wide range of materials such as polymeric materials, formed thermoplastic films, apertured plastic films, porous films, reticulated foams, natural fibers (e.g., wood or cotton fibers), woven and non-woven synthetic fibers (e.g., polyester or polypropylene fibers) or from a combination of natural and synthetic fibers, with apertured formed films being preferred.
  • Apertured formed films are preferred for the coversheet because they are pervious to the liquid cleaning and/or refreshment compositions (or vapors) and yet non-absorbent. Thus, the surface of the formed film which is in contact with the fabrics remains relatively dry, thereby further reducing water spotting and dye transfer. Suitable formed films are described in U.S. Pat. No.
  • the outer and/or inner surfaces of the coversheet are hydrophilic.
  • the surfaces of the coversheet can be made hydrophilic by treatment with a surfactant which is substantially evenly and completely distributed throughout the surface of the coversheet. This can be accomplished by any of the common techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the surfactant can be applied to the coversheet by spraying, by padding, or by the use of transfer rolls. Further, the surfactant can be inco ⁇ orated into the polymeric materials of a formed film coversheet. Such methods are disclosed in U.S. 5,009,653, cited above.
  • the devices which are optionally, but preferably, used in the pre-spotting operation herein can be manufactured by injection molding using polymers such as low- and high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon-6, nylon-6,6, acrylics, acetals, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and the like. High density polyethylene and polypropylene are within this range and are preferred for use herein.
  • the treatment members on the devices herein can comprise natural or synthetic bristles, natural or synthetic sponges, absorbent pads such as cotton, rayon, regenerated cellulose, and the like, as well as the HYDRASPUN® fabric described hereinabove.
  • Various useful materials are all well-known in the cleaning arts in conventional brushes and toothbrushes (see U.S. Patent 4,637,660) and in various cleaning utensils. Sponges, pads, and the like will typically have a thickness of from about 1 mm to about 1.25 cm and can be glued to the convex front treatment face of the device.
  • the sponges, pads, bristled pads, etc. are typically co ⁇ extensive with substantially the entire treatment face.
  • the protuberances herein can be in the form of blunt or rounded bristles, which may be provided uniformly across the entire treatment face or in clusters.
  • the protuberances can be in the form of monofilament loops, which can be circular, ovoid or elongated, or can be cut loops.
  • the protuberances can comprise twisted fiber bundles, extruded nubs, molded finger-like appendages, animal hair, reticulated foams, rugosities molded into the face of the member, and the like. Protuberances made from monofilament fibers may be straight, twisted or kinked.
  • the treatment member can comprise multiple components.
  • the treatment member can comprise an absorbent base material which can be, for example, a natural or synthetic sponge, an absorbent cellulosic sheet or pad, or the like. In contact with and extending outward from this base material are multiple protrusions as disclosed above.
  • a specific example of this embodiment is a treatment member comprising multiple looped protuberances made from monofilament fibers which protrude from a sponge base layer.
  • the absorbent base layer acts as a reservoir which feeds cleaning composition to the protuberances.
  • the treatment members present on the convex face of the device herein can comprise a multi-layer composite comprising a sponge-like, resilient backing material for a fibrous layer having multiple fibrous elements extending outwardly therefrom.
  • Such composites can be permanently or semi ⁇ permanently affixed to the treatment members using glue or other conventional means, and, typically, are substantially co-extensive with the face of the treatment member.
  • Such composites can be made from conventional materials, e.g., using a sponge, foam or other absorbent base pad material from about 0.5-20 mm thickness and a layer of fibers such as a conventional painter's pad with fibers having a length of from about 0.05 mm to about 20 mm.
  • the protuberances herein are typically provided as a bed or mat which comprises multiple strands or loops which extend therefrom in the Z-direction.
  • Convenient and familiar sources include pile ca ⁇ et-type materials, paint pad-type materials, and the like.
  • the treatment member will comprise several thousand protuberances per cm 2 .
  • With the preferred looped protuberances herein there will typically be 10-500, preferably about 60-150, loops per cm 2 .
  • the choice of the source, style and number of protuberances are matters for the manufacturer's discretion, and the foregoing illustrations are not intended to be limiting of the invention.
  • the protuberances should preferably extend outwardly from the face of the treatment member for a distance of at least about 0.2 mm. While there is no upper limit to their length, there is essentially no functional reason for the protuberances to extend more than about 1.25 cm.
  • the protuberances can be made from plastic, rubber or any other convenient, resilient material which is stable in the presence of the cleaning composition.
  • Fibrous protrusions can be made from natural or synthetic fibers. Fiber diameters can typically range from 0.1 mil (0.0025 mm) to 20 mil (0.5 mm). Again, this is a matter of selection and is not intended to be limiting.
  • the protuberances are in the form of a multiplicity of stiffened, ovoid looped fibers which extend outwardly from the treatment face.
  • Such looped fibers can comprise, for example, 7 mil (0.18 mm) monofilament loops of polypropylene extending at least about 0.03 inch (0.76 mm), typically from about 2.0 mm to about 1.5 cm, outwardly from the face of a backing material.
  • the diameter of the loops at their widest point is about 1.3 mm.
  • a convenient material for said looped protrusions is available commercially from APLIX Inc., Number 200, Unshaved Loop, Part No. DM32M000-QY. This material comprises a nylon backing with about 420 loops per square inch (65 loops per cm 2 ) extending from its surface.
  • the devices herein can be made from a variety of plastic, glass, wood, etc. materials and with various overall shapes, decorations and the like, according to the desires of the manufacturer.
  • the devices are preferably made from materials which will not be affected by the various ingredients used in the cleaning compositions.
  • the size of the devices is entirely optional. It is contemplated that rather large devices (e.g. 200-1000 cm 2 convex treatment face) would be suitable for mounting and use in a commercial cleaning establishment.
  • the device is intended for hand-held use, and its dimensions are generally somewhat smaller; typically, the surface area of the convex treatment face for home use will be in the range of from about 10 cm 2 to about 200 cm 2 While the convex treatment faces illustrated herein are, mainly, sections of spheres, the convex face of the device can also be in the manner of a desk-style ink blotter. Stated otherwise, the front treatment face of the device can be outwardly curved over its operational plane, but flat along its sides.
  • Containment Bag The construction of the preferred, heat-resistant flexible bag used herein to contain the fabrics in a hot air laundry dryer or similar device preferably employs thermal resistant films to provide the needed temperature resistance to internal self-sealing and external surface deformation sometimes caused by overheated clothes dryers. In addition, the bags are resistant to the chemical agents used in the cleaning or refreshment compositions herein. By proper selection of bag material, unacceptable results such as bag melting, melted holes in bags, and sealing of bag wall-to-wall are avoided.
  • the closure means for the bag is also constructed of a thermal resistant material.
  • the bags can be substantially impermeable to water vapor and to the vapors from the cleaning and/or refreshment compositions.
  • the bags are designed to release such vapors.
  • the dimensions of the containment bag can vary, depending on the intended end-use.
  • a bag can be provided which is sufficient to contain one or two silk blouses.
  • a bag suitable for handling a man's suit can be provided.
  • the bags herein will have an internal volume of from about 10,000 cm to about 25,000 cm ⁇ . Bags in this size range are sufficient to accommodate a reasonable load of fabrics (e.g., 1-5 kg) without being so large as to block dryer vents.
  • the bag herein is preferably flexible, yet is preferably durable enough to withstand multiple uses.
  • such bags are prepared from 0.025 mm to 0.075 mm (1-3 mil) thickness polymer sheets. If some rigidity in the bag is desired, somewhat thicker sheets can be used.
  • a 1-3 mil nylon film is sealed into a 26 inch (66 cm) x 30 in. (76 cm) bag. Sealing is preferably done using standard impulse heating equipment. In an alternate mode, a sheet of nylon is simply folded in half and sealed along two of its edges. In yet another mode, bags can be, made by air blowing operations.
  • the containment bags herein can also be prepared using sheets of co-extruded nylon and/or polyester or nylon and/or polyester outer and/or inner layers surrounding a less thermally suitable inner core such as polypropylene.
  • a bag is constructed using a nonwoven outer "shell” comprising a heat-resistant material such as nylon or polyethylene terephthalate and an inner sheet of a polymer which provides a vapor barrier.
  • the non- woven outer shell protects the bag from melting and provides an improved tactile impression to the user.
  • the objective is to protect the bag's integrity under conditions of thermal stress at temperatures up to at least about 400-500°F (204°C to 260°C). Under circumstances where excessive heating is not of concern, the bag can be made of polyester, polypropylene or any convenient polymer material.
  • the preferred bag herein is designed to vent water vapor during the dryer stage of the present process.
  • the walls of bags which are made from polymer sheet stock can be provided with slits, holes (preferred) or the like to provide means for the venting to occur. This can be simply, yet effectively, achieved by punching holes in the walls of the bag using any convenient instrument.
  • 6-15 pairs of 0.2 cm-0.6 cm holes are uniformly punched in the walls of a substantially rectangular bag having a total volume of about 25,000 cm ⁇ This provides adequate venting in the process herein.
  • a series of longitudinal slits are cut in the walls of the bag.
  • the mouth of the bag is designed to be only partially closed during use.
  • venting can be achieved by using containment bags which are constructed from woven or non-woven fabrics, rather than from sheet-form polymers. This allows the vapors to penetrate directly from the bag through the pores and void spaces which are inherently present in the walls of the bag.
  • bags made from nylon, polyester, cotton, rayon, and the like, fibers using conventional weaving processes or processes for making fibrous, non-woven articles can be employed herein.
  • the bags can be manufactured from porous paper in which holes can optionally be punched to provide vapor release during the present process.
  • compositions and process of the present invention can be employed under any circumstances where stain removal from a fabric is desired, such as a spot removal step in a conventional aqueous laundering process as noted above, they are especially useful in a home dry cleaning and/or fabric refreshment process, as is described in more detail hereinafter.
  • a portion of the cleaning composition is directed onto the stained area of the fabric from a bottle.
  • the fabric is preferably underlayed with 1-5 thicknesses of BOUNTY® brand paper toweling.
  • the protuberances on the cleaning device are brought into close contact with the stain, e.g., by rocking or rolling the device on the stain, typically using hand pressure. Side-to-side rubbing with the device is preferably avoided to minimize potential fiber damage. Contact is maintained for a period of 1-10 seconds for lighter stains and 1-5 minutes, or longer, for heavier or more persistent stains. After the stains are loosened in the described manner, the loosened stain matter and excess cleaning composition are optionally removed by gentle padding with a towel or tissue.
  • the second step of the overall process is conveniently conducted in a tumbling apparatus, preferably in the presence of heat.
  • a nylon container bag with the carrier/aqueous cleaning and/or refreshment composition and enveloping the pre-spotted fabric being cleaned and refreshed is sealed and placed in the drum of an automatic hot air clothes dryer at temperatures of 40°C-150°C.
  • the drum is allowed to revolve, which imparts a tumbling action to the bag and agitation of its contents concurrently with the tumbling.
  • the tumbling and heating are carried out for a period of at least about 10 minutes, typically from about 20 minutes to about 60 minutes.
  • This step can be conducted for longer or shorter periods, depending on such factors as the degree and type of soiling of the fabrics, the nature of the soils, the nature of the fabrics, the fabric load, the amount of heat applied, and the like, according to the needs of the user.
  • a liquid cleaning/pre-spotting composition is formulated by admixing the following ingredients.
  • preservatives such as KATHON® at levels of 0.00001%-1%, by weight.
  • the fabric to be treated is laid flat and 0.5 ml-4 ml of the composition is applied directly to the stain and worked in using the cleaning device.
  • compositions which can be used in this step are as follows: Ingredient Percent (wt.) (Range; wt.) BPP 4.0 0.1-4.0%
  • the optional nonionic surfactants in the compositions herein are preferably C12- C14 N-methyl glucamides or ethoxylated C12-C16 alcohols (EO 1 -10).
  • the pre-spotted fabric is then placed in a flexible bag (most preferably prepared from 1-3 mil nylon film) together with a sheet containing a cleaning/refreshment composition according to Example III.
  • the bag is closed and sealed using a Velcro®-type fastener.
  • Other fasteners such as nylon zipper and Zip- Lok®-type fasteners may also be used.
  • the bag will have a volume of about 25,000 cm ⁇ , which will accommodate up to about 2 kg of dry fabrics.
  • the air is preferably not squeezed out of the bag before closing and sealing. This allows the bag to billow, thereby providing sufficient space for the fabrics and cleaning sheet to tumble freely together.
  • the bag is then closed, sealed and placed in a conventional hot-air clothes dryer.
  • the dryer is started and the bag is tumbled for a period of 20- 30 minutes at a dryer air temperature in the range from about 40°C to about 150°C. During this time, the sheet comes into close contact with the fabrics.
  • the machine cycle is complete, the bag and its contents are removed from the dryer, and the spent cleaning sheet is discarded.
  • the nylon bag is retained for re-use.
  • the fabrics are cleaned and refreshed.
  • the water present in the composition serves to minimize wrinkles in the fabrics. Excellent overall cleaning and refreshment is secured when from about 3 g to about 50 g of the preferred compositions herein are used per kilogram of fabric being cleaned.
  • the containment bag of Example I is provided with a series of holes or vents to provide controlled release of vapors in the hot air clothes dryer, thereby minimizing wrinkling and maximizing malodor removal.
  • a series of holes or vents to provide controlled release of vapors in the hot air clothes dryer, thereby minimizing wrinkling and maximizing malodor removal.
  • 6 pairs of 2 mm diameter venting holes are punched in a 25000 cm- ⁇ nylon bag and used herein.
  • the amount of venting can be varied, e.g., from 6 pairs of 2 mm holes for IX (23g) usage of the water-based composition up to 15 pairs of 6 mm holes for 3X composition usage.
  • a fabric refreshment product is prepared, as follows.
  • the carrier is placed in a pouch and saturated with the refreshment product.
  • the capillary action of the substrate and, optionally, manipulation and/or laying the pouch on its side, causes the product to wick throughout the sheet.
  • the sheet is of a type, size and absorbency that is not "dripping" wet from the liquid refreshment product.
  • a multi-use portion of a pre-spotting composition is prepared, as follows.
  • Step 1 A fabric to be cleaned and refreshed is selected. Localized stained areas of the fabric are treated by directly applying about 0.5-5 mis (depending on the size of the stain) of the pre-spotting composition, which is gently worked into the fabric using the device herein. The treated stains are padded with dry paper toweling. In an alternate mode, the pre-spotting composition is releasably absorbed on a carrier sheet and applied to the stains.
  • Step 2 the fabric is placed into a perforated nylon bag (as disclosed above) or, less preferably, a vapor impermeable bag, together with the sheet releasably containing the BPP/AS/water composition or, preferably, the refreshment product of this Example III.
  • the mouth of the bag is sealed, and the bag and its contents are placed in the drum of a conventional hot air clothes dryer.
  • the dryer is operated in standard fashion for 20-60 minutes at an air temperature range of about 140-170°F (60-70°C). After the tumbling action of the dryer ceases, the cleaned and refreshed fabric is removed from the bag. The used sheet is discarded.
  • a garment with no visible stains, but with malodors is treated as follows. Step 1 of Example III is eliminated. The garment is treated in the manner disclosed in Step 2 of Example III in a hot air clothes dryer using the sheet and a vapor-permeable nylon bag. The malodors are thereby removed from the garment.
  • compositions of the present type using the AS surfactant illustrates compositions of the present type using the AS surfactant. Improved cleaning performance can be achieved using MgAES and amine oxide surfactants, although possibly with some reduction in phase stability.
  • MgAES MgAES
  • amine oxide surfactants amine oxide surfactants
  • aqueous compositions with ca. 2-3% BPP can be stabilized using MgAES surfactants.
  • AS surfactant for compositions containing 4%, and higher, BPP, the formulator may wish to include AS surfactant.
  • the amount and blend of surfactants will depend on the degree of temperature-dependent phase stability desired by the formulator.
  • the following illustrates MgAES and mixed MgAES/AS compositions, with optional amine oxide surfactants, useful herein.
  • compositions are used in the manner disclosed herein in an overall fabric cleaning/refreshment process. Excellent performance is secured even without resort to other ingredients such as the relatively expensive 1,2-octanediol.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des compositions liquides à phases stables comprenant de l'eau, du butoxy propoxy propanol, et comme agents tensio-actifs, de l'alkyl sulfate ou de l'alkyl éthoxy sulfate. Ces compositions conviennent au nettoyage de produits textiles.
EP97924773A 1996-05-29 1997-05-19 Composition de nettoyage de textiles, sous forme liquides a phases stables Withdrawn EP0904341A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1839296P 1996-05-29 1996-05-29
US18392P 1996-05-29
PCT/US1997/008460 WO1997045516A2 (fr) 1996-05-29 1997-05-19 Composition de nettoyage de textiles, sous forme liquides a phases stables

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EP0904341A2 true EP0904341A2 (fr) 1999-03-31

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EP97924773A Withdrawn EP0904341A2 (fr) 1996-05-29 1997-05-19 Composition de nettoyage de textiles, sous forme liquides a phases stables

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EP (1) EP0904341A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP3236302B2 (fr)
AR (1) AR007308A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2256890A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997045516A2 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69917227T2 (de) * 1998-02-20 2005-05-25 The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati Mittel zum entfernen von teppichflecken mit schall- oder ultraschallwellen
US6180595B1 (en) 1999-08-26 2001-01-30 International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. Single phase aqueous surfactant-free nontoxic air freshening composition and wick-containing air freshening device using said composition
EP1101816A3 (fr) * 1999-11-16 2001-08-16 Henkel KGaA Composition pour le traitement de tissus aux propriétés de détachage optimales

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4124542A (en) * 1977-08-25 1978-11-07 Devine Michael J Spot cleaning composition for carpets and the like
DE3707409A1 (de) * 1987-03-07 1988-09-15 Henkel Kgaa Verfahren zur fleckentfernung von textilien
GB8805448D0 (en) * 1988-03-08 1988-04-07 Bp Chem Int Ltd Liquid detergent compositions
US5238587A (en) * 1991-03-20 1993-08-24 Creative Products Resource Associates, Ltd. Dry-cleaning kit for in-dryer use
US5547476A (en) * 1995-03-30 1996-08-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Dry cleaning process

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO9745516A3 *

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WO1997045516A3 (fr) 1997-12-31
CA2256890A1 (fr) 1997-12-04
AR007308A1 (es) 1999-10-27
JP3236302B2 (ja) 2001-12-10
WO1997045516A2 (fr) 1997-12-04
JPH11511800A (ja) 1999-10-12

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