EP0899755A1 - Sensor arrangement for detecting the position of a moving electromagnetic plunger - Google Patents

Sensor arrangement for detecting the position of a moving electromagnetic plunger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0899755A1
EP0899755A1 EP98105164A EP98105164A EP0899755A1 EP 0899755 A1 EP0899755 A1 EP 0899755A1 EP 98105164 A EP98105164 A EP 98105164A EP 98105164 A EP98105164 A EP 98105164A EP 0899755 A1 EP0899755 A1 EP 0899755A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
sensor arrangement
housing
sensor
arrangement according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98105164A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Roland Schempp
Joachim Zumbraegel
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP0899755A1 publication Critical patent/EP0899755A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sensor arrangement for detection the position of an electromagnetically moved armature after the Genus of the main claim.
  • a proximity switch attached to the outside of the housing of a directional valve can be the capacitive or inductive the movement of the Evaluates the magnet armature. If the magnet armature or the valve piston actuated by this approaches the switch, so this emits a corresponding switching signal. More precise information about the location of the moving parts in the known arrangements, however not to be recorded.
  • the sensor arrangement for detecting the position of an electromagnetic moving anchor, in the after the aforementioned Genus with an excitation coil for generating a Magnetic field an anchor is movable and at least a sensor element for the detection of magnetic quantities depending on the anchor position on the outside of one Housing is attached is with the characteristics of the mark of the main claim further developed according to the invention.
  • the at least one sensor element is advantageous a field probe in an area outside on A magnetic stray flux is attached to the housing occurs from the armature position and the excitation current is dependent.
  • electromagnetically moving anchors the excitation coil and the iron parts, especially the moving armature and the housing, usually constructed so that the greatest possible useful flow through the anchor flows.
  • the part of the magnetic flux through the Air that occurs alongside the intended path is the Litter flux, depending on the structure and material of the arrangement has a share of approx. 10 to 30% of the total flow.
  • the fact that the leakage flux is used depending on the excitation, the anchor position and the Position of further magnetically conductive parts in the arrangement is. For example, whether a valve spool electrical switching command is followed in the arrangement or not, can thus be determined by the size of the magnetic Leakage flux at a specific point on the housing the electromagnet easily.
  • the anchor position can prevent leakage for example by a factor of 6 between the activated Change switch position and zero position.
  • a particularly sensitive Sensor element is advantageously a Field probe constructed with a Hall element.
  • off state of the excitation coil the residual magnetism to a still detectable leakage flow receive.
  • a detection signal that can be easily evaluated Being able to win in any anchor position flows according to a preferred embodiment in the excitation coil even in the rest position, a residual current that corresponds to a predetermined easily measurable leakage flux without actuating the anchor generated.
  • This residual current must therefore remain so low that the anchor is in the switched off state moved to the zero position and remains there; he should approx Do not exceed 1/10 of the nominal value of the current.
  • the measuring points at which the sensor elements on the housing attached to obtain a sufficiently large signal swing can be used for different anchor positions be optimized.
  • To a big enough one Signal stroke for both the on position and for To win the switch-off position of the armature are advantageous Way two sensor elements on different Positions, each for the different switching positions optimized, arranged on the housing of the electromagnet.
  • the sensor arrangement according to the invention can be used both in the Automotive technology as well as in industrial mechanical engineering are used, the driven by the movable anchor Component, for example, a valve spool Valve for a hydraulic or pneumatic arrangement is.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetically operated valve spool shows.
  • valve 1 for a hydraulic system, shown in a motor vehicle, for example, in which a valve spool 2 with an armature 3 of an electromagnet 4 operable, or in different valve positions is movable.
  • the armature 3 and the valve slide 2 are here about a mechanical arrangement with a spring 5 coupled.
  • the electromagnet 4 has an excitation coil, which cannot be seen here on the inside of the case, which has a Cable connection 6 is supplied with an excitation current.
  • the excitation coil actuates the armature 3 with its useful flow, the iron parts of the armature 3 and the housing flows through. Outside the housing occurs rotationally symmetrical between the ends of the excitation coil as well Stray flux 7, whose field lines at the ends of the excitation coil, especially at the junction between the solenoid housing and the valve housing exit or enter.
  • a field probe 8 At the junction between the electromagnet 4 and the valve 1 is a field probe 8, with a Hall element 9 present, the one by the size of the Stray flux conditional measurement signal generated, which evaluates can be and thus a detection of the position of the Armature 3 and thus also the valve slide 2 enables.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

The arrangement has a stimulation coil for an electromagnet for generating a magnetic field with which the armature is moved and at least one field probe sensor element for detecting magnetic parameters depending on the armature position mounted on the outside of the housing in a region in which magnetic flux occurs which is dependent on the armature position and the stimulation current.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sensoranordnung zur Erfassung der Lage eines elektromagnetisch bewegten Ankers nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention relates to a sensor arrangement for detection the position of an electromagnetically moved armature after the Genus of the main claim.

Es ist beispielsweise aus der DE 41 42 996 A1 bekannt, dass bei einem Verfahren zur Messung der mechanischen Bewegung eines Magnetventilankers bei elektrisch gesteuerten Einspritzanlagen in Kraftfahrzeugen mit einer Sekundärspule die in der Erregerspule entstehende Induktion erfasst wird. Hiermit können insbesondere die Richtungsumkehrungen des Magnetventilankers durch Änderungen der Induktion in der außen am Gehäuse des Einspritzventils angebrachten Sensoranordnung detektiert werden.It is known for example from DE 41 42 996 A1, that in a method of measuring mechanical movement a solenoid valve armature with electrically controlled Injection systems in motor vehicles with a secondary coil the induction created in the excitation coil is recorded. This can be used to reverse the direction of the solenoid valve armature by changing the Induction in the outside of the injector housing attached sensor arrangement can be detected.

Aus der DE-OS 26 43 038 ist bekannt, dass ein Näherungsschalter außen am Gehäuse eines Wegeventils angebracht werden kann, der kapazitiv oder induktiv die Bewegung des Magnetankers auswertet. Wenn sich der Magnetanker oder der durch diesen betätigte Ventilkolben dem Schalter nähert, so gibt dieser ein entsprechendes Schaltsignal ab. Eine genauere Information über die Lage der bewegten Teile in den bekannten Anordnungen sind hierdurch jedoch nicht zu erfassen.From DE-OS 26 43 038 it is known that a proximity switch attached to the outside of the housing of a directional valve can be the capacitive or inductive the movement of the Evaluates the magnet armature. If the magnet armature or the valve piston actuated by this approaches the switch, so this emits a corresponding switching signal. More precise information about the location of the moving parts in the known arrangements, however not to be recorded.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die Sensoranordnung zur Erfassung der Lage eines elektromagnetisch bewegten Ankers, bei der nach der eingangs erwähnten Gattung mit einer Erregerspule zur Erzeugung eines Magnetfeldes ein Anker bewegbar ist und bei der mindestens ein Sensorelement zur Erfassung magnetischer Größen in Abhängigkeit von der Ankerstellung außen an einem Gehäuse angebracht ist, ist mit den Merkmalen des Kennzeichens des Hauptanspruchs erfindungsgemäß weitergebildet.The sensor arrangement for detecting the position of an electromagnetic moving anchor, in the after the aforementioned Genus with an excitation coil for generating a Magnetic field an anchor is movable and at least a sensor element for the detection of magnetic quantities depending on the anchor position on the outside of one Housing is attached is with the characteristics of the mark of the main claim further developed according to the invention.

In vorteilhafter Weise ist das mindestens eine Sensorelement eine Feldsonde, die in einem Bereich außerhalb am Gehäuse angebracht ist in dem ein magnetischer Streufluss auftritt, der von der Ankerstellung und vom Erregerstrom abhängig ist. Bei elektromagnetisch bewegten Ankern werden die Erregerspule und die Eisenteile, insbesondere der bewegte Anker und das Gehäuse, in der Regel so aufgebaut, dass ein größtmöglichster Nutzfluss durch den Anker fließt. Der Teil des magnetischen Flusses der durch die Luft neben dem beabsichtigten Weg auftritt, ist der Streufluss, der je nach Aufbau und Material der Anordnung einen Anteil von ca. 10 bis 30% des Gesamtflusses aufweist.The at least one sensor element is advantageous a field probe in an area outside on A magnetic stray flux is attached to the housing occurs from the armature position and the excitation current is dependent. With electromagnetically moving anchors the excitation coil and the iron parts, especially the moving armature and the housing, usually constructed so that the greatest possible useful flow through the anchor flows. The part of the magnetic flux through the Air that occurs alongside the intended path is the Litter flux, depending on the structure and material of the arrangement has a share of approx. 10 to 30% of the total flow.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ausgenutzt, dass der Streufluss auch abhängig von der Erregung, der Ankerstellung und der Stellung weiterer magnetisch leitender Teile in der Anordnung ist. Ob beispielsweise ein Ventilschieber dem elektrischen Schaltbefehl in der Anordnung gefolgt ist oder nicht, lässt sich somit über die Größe des magnetischen Streuflusses an einer bestimmten Stelle des Gehäuses des Elektromagneten leicht feststellen. Die jeweilige Ankerstellung kann bei bestimmten Anordnungen den Streufluss beispielsweise um den Faktor 6 zwischen der aktivierten Schaltstellung und der Nullstellung verändern.According to the invention, the fact that the leakage flux is used depending on the excitation, the anchor position and the Position of further magnetically conductive parts in the arrangement is. For example, whether a valve spool electrical switching command is followed in the arrangement or not, can thus be determined by the size of the magnetic Leakage flux at a specific point on the housing the electromagnet easily. The respective In certain arrangements, the anchor position can prevent leakage for example by a factor of 6 between the activated Change switch position and zero position.

Eine gute Detektion dieses Änderungssignals wird auf einfache Weise dann erreicht, wenn das Sensorelement an einem Ende der Erregerspule, beispielsweise an der Verbindungsstelle zwischen dem Gehäuse für die Erregerspule und einem weiteren Gehäuse für das vom beweglichen Anker angetriebene Bauteil angebracht ist. Als besonders empfindliches Sensorelement wird in vorteilhafter Weise eine Feldsonde mit einem Hallelement aufgebaut.Good detection of this change signal is easy Way reached when the sensor element on a End of the excitation coil, for example at the connection point between the housing for the excitation coil and another housing for the driven by the movable anchor Component is attached. As a particularly sensitive Sensor element is advantageously a Field probe constructed with a Hall element.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Sensoranordnung reicht auch im ausgeschalteten Zustand der Erregerspule der Restmagnetismus aus, um einen noch detektierbaren Streufluss zu erhalten. Um jedoch ein gut auswertbares Detektionssignal in jeder Ankerstellung gewinnen zu können, fließt gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform in der Erregerspule auch in der Ruhelage ein Reststrom, der einen vorgegebenen, einfach messbaren Streufluss ohne Betätigung des Ankers erzeugt. Dieser Reststrom muss daher so gering bleiben, dass der Anker im abgeschalteten Zustand sich socher in die Nulllage bewegt und dort verharrt; er sollte ca. 1/10 des Nennwertes des Stromes nicht überschreiten.In the sensor arrangement according to the invention, off state of the excitation coil the residual magnetism to a still detectable leakage flow receive. However, a detection signal that can be easily evaluated Being able to win in any anchor position flows according to a preferred embodiment in the excitation coil even in the rest position, a residual current that corresponds to a predetermined easily measurable leakage flux without actuating the anchor generated. This residual current must therefore remain so low that the anchor is in the switched off state moved to the zero position and remains there; he should approx Do not exceed 1/10 of the nominal value of the current.

Die Messstellen, an denen die Sensorelemente am Gehäuse zur Gewinnung eines ausreichend großen Signalhubes angebracht werden, können jeweils für unterschiedliche Ankerstellungen optimiert werden. Um einen ausreichend großen Signalhub sowohl für die Einschaltstellung als auch für die Abschaltstellung des Ankers zu gewinnen, sind in vorteilhafter Weise zwei Sensorelemente an unterschiedlichen Stellen, jeweils für die verschiedenen Schaltstellungen optimiert, am Gehäuse des Elektromagneten angeordnet.The measuring points at which the sensor elements on the housing attached to obtain a sufficiently large signal swing can be used for different anchor positions be optimized. To a big enough one Signal stroke for both the on position and for To win the switch-off position of the armature are advantageous Way two sensor elements on different Positions, each for the different switching positions optimized, arranged on the housing of the electromagnet.

Die erfindungsgemäße Sensoranordnung kann sowohl in der Kraftfahrzeugtechnik als auch im industriellen Maschinenbau angewandt werden, wobei das vom beweglichen Anker angetriebene Bauteil beispielsweise ein Ventilschieber eines Ventils für eine hydraulische oder pneumatische Anordnung ist.The sensor arrangement according to the invention can be used both in the Automotive technology as well as in industrial mechanical engineering are used, the driven by the movable anchor Component, for example, a valve spool Valve for a hydraulic or pneumatic arrangement is.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Sensoranordnung wird anhand der Figur erläutert, die eine Prinzipdarstellung eines elektromagnetisch betätigten Ventilschiebers zeigt.An embodiment of the sensor arrangement according to the invention is explained with reference to the figure, which is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetically operated valve spool shows.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

In der Figur ist ein Ventil 1 für ein Hydrauliksystem, beispielsweise in einem Kraftfahrzeug, gezeigt, bei dem ein Ventilschieber 2 mit einem Anker 3 eines Elektromagneten 4 betätigbar, bzw. in unterschiedliche Ventilstellungen bewegbar ist. Der Anker 3 und der Ventilschieber 2 sind hier über eine mechanische Anordnung mit einer Feder 5 gekoppelt.In the figure is a valve 1 for a hydraulic system, shown in a motor vehicle, for example, in which a valve spool 2 with an armature 3 of an electromagnet 4 operable, or in different valve positions is movable. The armature 3 and the valve slide 2 are here about a mechanical arrangement with a spring 5 coupled.

Der Elektromagnet 4 weist eine, hier nicht erkennbare Erregerspule im Inneren des Gehäuses auf, die über einen Kabelanschluss 6 mit einem Erregerstrom versorgt wird. The electromagnet 4 has an excitation coil, which cannot be seen here on the inside of the case, which has a Cable connection 6 is supplied with an excitation current.

Die Erregerspule betätigt den Anker 3 mit ihrem Nutzfluss, der die Eisenteile des Ankers 3 und des Gehäuses durchströmt. Außerhalb des Gehäuses tritt rotationssymetrisch zwischen den Enden der Erregerspule außerdem ein Streufluss 7 auf, dessen Feldlinien an den Enden der Erregerspule, insbesondere an der Verbindungsstelle zwischen dem Elektromagnetengehäuse und dem Ventilgehäuse aus- oder eintreten.The excitation coil actuates the armature 3 with its useful flow, the iron parts of the armature 3 and the housing flows through. Outside the housing occurs rotationally symmetrical between the ends of the excitation coil as well Stray flux 7, whose field lines at the ends of the excitation coil, especially at the junction between the solenoid housing and the valve housing exit or enter.

An der Verbindungsstelle zwischen dem Elektromagneten 4 und dem Ventil 1 ist hier eine Feldsonde 8, mit einem Hallelement 9 vorhanden, die ein durch die Größe des Streuflusses bedingtes Messsignal erzeugt, das ausgewertet werden kann und damit eine Detektion der Stellung des Ankers 3 und damit auch des Ventilschiebers 2 ermöglicht.At the junction between the electromagnet 4 and the valve 1 is a field probe 8, with a Hall element 9 present, the one by the size of the Stray flux conditional measurement signal generated, which evaluates can be and thus a detection of the position of the Armature 3 and thus also the valve slide 2 enables.

Zur Detektion unterschiedlicher Stellungen des Ankers 3 können dabei auch andere Anbauorte der Feldsonde 8 vorgesehen, beziehungsweise auch weitere Feldsonden an anderen Orten am Gehäuse des Elektromagneten 4 angebracht werden. Insbesondere zur Erfassung der Endstellungen des Ankers 3 können hier zwei Feldsonden optimiert angebracht werden.For the detection of different positions of the armature 3 other mounting locations of the field probe 8 can also be provided, or other field probes on others Locations on the housing of the electromagnet 4 are attached. In particular for detecting the end positions of the armature 3 two field probes can be optimally attached here.

Claims (7)

Sensoranordnung zur Erfassung der Lage eines elektromagnetisch bewegten Ankers (3), mit einer Erregerspule eines Elektromagneten (4) zur Erzeugung eines Magnetfeldes mit dem der Anker (3) bewegbar ist und mindestens einem Sensorelement (8) zur Erfassung magnetischer Größen in Abhängigkeit von der Ankerstellung, das außen an einem Gehäuse für die Erregerspule angebracht ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mindestens eine Sensorelement (8) eine Feldsonde ist, die in einem Bereich am Gehäuse des Elektromagneten (4) angebracht ist in dem ein magnetischer Streufluss auftritt, der von der Ankerstellung und vom Erregerstrom abhängig ist. Sensor arrangement for detecting the position of an electromagnetically moved armature (3), with an exciting coil of an electromagnet (4) with the armature (3) is movable for generating a magnetic field and at least one sensor element in (8) magnetic for detecting sizes depending upon the armature position, which is externally attached to a housing for the exciter coil, characterized that the at least one sensor element (8) is a field probe which is attached to the housing of the electromagnet (4) in a region in which a magnetic leakage flux occurs, which is dependent on the armature position and the excitation current. Sensoranordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Sensorelement (8) an der Verbindungsstelle zwischen dem Gehäuse des Elektromagneten (4) und einem weiteren Gehäuse für das vom beweglichen Anker (3) angetriebene Bauteil (1) angebracht ist. Sensor arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor element (8) is attached to the connection point between the housing of the electromagnet (4) and a further housing for the component (1) driven by the movable armature (3). Sensoranordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Feldsonde (8) ein Hallelement (9) enthält. Sensor arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the field probe (8) contains a Hall element (9). Sensoranordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Erregerspule auch in der Ruhelage des Ankers (3) ein Reststrom fließt, der einen vorgegebenen Streufluss erzeugt. Sensor arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that A residual current flows in the excitation coil, even when the armature (3) is at rest, which generates a predetermined leakage flux. Sensoranordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei Sensorelemente (8) an unterschiedlichen Stellen am Gehäuse des Elektromagneten (4) angeordnet sind. Sensor arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two sensor elements (8) are arranged at different points on the housing of the electromagnet (4). Sensoranordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das vom beweglichen Anker (3) angetriebene Bauteil ein Ventilschieber (2) eines Ventils (1) für eine hydraulische oder pneumatische Anordnung ist. Sensor arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component driven by the movable armature (3) is a valve slide (2) of a valve (1) for a hydraulic or pneumatic arrangement. Anwendung der Sensoranordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sensoranordnung nachträglich an eine fertig montierte und betriebsfähige Anordnung anbringbar ist. Application of the sensor arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor arrangement can subsequently be attached to a fully assembled and operational arrangement.
EP98105164A 1997-08-23 1998-03-21 Sensor arrangement for detecting the position of a moving electromagnetic plunger Withdrawn EP0899755A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19736773 1997-08-23
DE1997136773 DE19736773A1 (en) 1997-08-23 1997-08-23 Sensor arrangement for detecting the position of an electromagnetically moved armature

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DE102011076363B4 (en) * 2011-05-24 2015-08-20 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method and device for determining the opening behavior of a fuel injector for an internal combustion engine
DE102015213206A1 (en) 2015-07-15 2017-01-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and circuit arrangement for determining a position of a movable armature of an electromagnetic actuator

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US9428164B2 (en) 2013-02-28 2016-08-30 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc Valve assembly

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