EP0897364A1

EP0897364A1 - Sail battens

Info

Publication number: EP0897364A1
Application number: EP97922962A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rüdiger KNAAK
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-05-08
Filing date: 1997-05-05
Publication date: 1999-02-24
Anticipated expiration: 2017-05-05
Also published as: AU2891297A; DE59701366D1; ES2146468T3; AU730067B2; JP2000513671A; WO1997042076A1; DE19618339A1; EP0897364B1; US6425337B1

Abstract

The invention relates to sail battens comprising tubular batten rods (1) which meet each other in a loose manner and in which tubular inner rods (2) of the same length are arranged to span tubular inner rod joining areas and meet each other in a loose manner. The mutual transverse play (5) of said inner rods determines the arch. To this end an internal support line holds together the arched section and the longer fixed rear rod.

Description

Sege11atte. Technical field. The invention relates to battens with elongated, rigid battens 1 arranged one behind the other, which are connected via articulated joints with a limited articulation angle such that they can pivot horizontally to each other up to the stop 3, 4, 6 of the articulated joints.

State of the art. i _' . <The writings DE-OS 43 12 803 and US-PS 23 78 877 characterize the prior art, according to which the kinking movements are possible in that slat bars are connected to one another in an articulated manner and that the areas of the end faces located laterally from the joints the i: J slat sections form stops. When the sail is straight, there is a longitudinal play between the stops. At maximum kink, the stops are against each other. It is characteristic of the prior art that the forces acting on the stop are essentially in

..V _{'are directed} longitudinally of the sail lath. The bending moment that loads the crossbar from the wind forces is absorbed by a pair of forces, the individual forces of which are very large because the effective lever arm is very small, namely in no case larger than the (horizontal)

V .'-: - Width of the sail is battened. Therefore such

Joints are designed to be particularly strong, which contradicts the requirement for smooth operation, low weight and reasonable costs.

Presentation of the invention. The goal is a reliable, light and not too expensive batten that sets its intended curvature even with minimal wind and then largely maintains it even in strong winds. This aim is achieved by the characterizing features of the claims. Like this ^''' - _' remain after Claim 1. Fig.l to 7. the slat forces caused by the wind forces small, because the slats are of the order of magnitude 100 times as long as wide and This is used to achieve long lever arms: The slat forces from the specified bending moment are inversely proportional to the length of the lever arm. With a typical length Ls of the crossbar according to the invention of? more than 5% of the length L of the sail crossbar and a length of the lever arm of half the crossbar length or the (horizontal) width B of the known crossbar joints results from the fact that the stressing forces in the crossbar according to the invention are less than that

K '0.5 B / 0.5 Ls = 0.5 x 0.01 L / 0.5 x 0.05 L = 0.2 times, i.e. less than 20% of the value for the known types. - It is important that, according to Claim 2, the usual, highly stressed bending joints can be omitted because the crossbar 1 and overlapping i.v. rods 2 themselves limit their transverse movements and thus their pivoting against each other with play. According to Claim 3, FIGS. 1 to 4, this is done in the simplest way by enclosing the overlapping bars with Rohi-slatted bars 1. According to Claim 4. Figure 5.6.11 to 14 takes place

IV this by way of limiters 6.26, which encompass the crossbars 1 and overlapping crossbars 2 spatially, crossbars and overlapping crossbars can be designed as adjacent flat bars. The rings 26, FIGS. 11 to 14 glued to the rod ends can

.:. ^" Due to their flexibility and the high tensile strength of modern synthetic fibers, the forces are well controlled. - Furthermore, because of the large distance between the stops, their (absolute) dimensional accuracy is considerably less important than in the known designs. -

- ^• - 'Claim 5 enables the curvature to be adjusted in a simple manner, because the ratio of the length of the overlap to the size of the gap (of the play) determines the angle of the bars to one another and thus the curvature. This affects when moving the overlapping bars

7-5 a position asymmetrical to the crossbars

Shortening the overlap on one side is increasingly more pronounced than extending it on the other side. This increases the curvature. - The fixed according to Claim 6. especially the long fixed rod on the rear, results in a simple way an optimal curve with the typical bow-side vertex. Given given (cross-sectional) profiles of the battens, it is only possible to produce any desired curvature and any curvature curve by selecting the lengths of the individual battens and fixed rods. Therefore, each slat can be made from just two types of tubular or flat professional 1 by simply rejecting it. In particular, the crossbar and overlapping crossbar can all be of the same length: This means that the crossbar consists of a shorter straight line (fixed bar on the bow side), a circular arc-shaped bulge part (the same crossbar bar throughout) and a long straight line (fixed bar on the rear side of 30 to 50% of the slat length). - The high stiffness of the long stern-side rod suppresses the fluttering of the aft sail section during storms and thereby improves sailing performance, safety and durability. - The profiles can be manufactured in the required accuracy from the particularly suitable fiber-reinforced plastics using conventional manufacturing processes, such as cross-winding or pultrusion. - The simple line with line stops for assembling the Prof 11 sections to the battens. Figure 5 to 7. 11 to 14. requires minimal effort, light weight and is easy to repair or replace.

Fig.l shows an exemplary embodiment of the crossbar in plan view in longitudinal section. Fig.2.3 and 4 different possibilities of the cross section performed in sail 7 and sail bag 8. 5 shows a type of flat crossbars 1 and overlapping bars 2 of the same cross-section, the curvature being determined by their play in the path limiters 6 that surround them. Fig. 6 shows the corresponding section. Fig. 7 shows schematically a complete staff, above which the associated tether with staff stops 12.13. The slat stops 12 overlap the slat ends the tubular profile of the fixed rods 9, 10, and the slat stops 13 at the ends of the inner rods 2 the tubular profile of the inner rods. - Claim 7 enables easy adjustment of the curvature. 8 shows the basic position at the top, in this case with the butt joints of the overlapping inner bars 2 approximately in the middle between the butt joints of the tubular slat bars 1, that is to say with a small curvature, including with a pulled Verste11 line and eccentric butt joints. so with an enlarged curvature. - The adjustment according to claim θ. Fig. 9 and 15. does not need to be effective for the crossbar to be straightened by other influences and can pull the crossbar straight. However, as explained above for the known slats, it requires large longitudinal forces. - The profiles according to Claim 9, Fig. 4 and 10. cause a relatively large contact area between the slat bars and overlapping bars compared to the circular tube profiles, thereby reducing the local material stresses. Above all, however, they enable a particularly reliable and simple curvature adjustment. - The leveling bar 24 according to Claim 10, Fig. 3. allow it. use relatively few and therefore long slats and overlapping bars without the kinks disrupting the curvature. The longitudinal forces can occur as octagonal forces if the slat bars and overlapping bars for the curvature adjustment are both moved lengthways. - The section springs 27 and the spacer 28 according to claim III. Figures 16 to 19 make it easier to move the overlapping rods to adjust the curvature, especially when the sail is beating: If only the bow-side parts of the crossbar are straightened so far that the stops there are relieved, the operating line can still hold the line stop 13 and the spacer 28 pull as far as the bow so that the front section spring is stretched and the bow-side overlapping rods are also pulled on the bow. Thereby the section spring following the rear is tensioned more and can then, even if only the rear parts of the crossbar are set sufficiently straight at the moment, tighten the following overlapping 5 bars. In FIG. 16, the overlapping rods rest on the rear-side stop 29 when the operating line 16 is relieved. Due to their position in relation to the crossbars in Fig. 16, they cause the big one. in FIG. 17 the small i "curvature when the actuation line is tensioned. The reverse is done in FIG

Actuating line 16 the small curvature, in Fig. 19 the tensioned actuation line the large curvature. 20 shows the batten according to Claim 12 with the batten rods 1 pulled apart and overlapping r ^; Bars 2 for large curvature, Fig. 21 with butting bars for small curvature. The leveling bar (s) are not shown for the sake of simplicity. The overlap is shortened less than for Claim 7 or 11 for the same magnification of the cloud.

H'o because it shrinks on both sides. Similar to the explanation given for Claim 1, the stop forces are inversely proportional to the length of the overlap for a given bending moment. They therefore remain advantageously small in this type. - Claim 13 enables one

.- ^' - <reliable Wolbungsverste1 adjustment without any noteworthy

Increased impact forces. According to a), the slat bars and overlapping bar need not be moved. However, the spacers 32 may only fill half the gap if they should not obstruct the curvature in position 34, FIG. 23: Therefore, the curvature in position 35, FIG. 22 cannot be reduced to less than half . - On the other hand, the spacers 36 and 37 according to b), Fig. 24, allow a further reduction of the curvature if the

- ^' • 5 rods 1 and 2 are pushed up to the stops 38. Since the rods 1 and 2 in the position for large curvature, Fig. 24, cannot transmit longitudinal forces, this is the case a compensation plate 24, not shown, is required.

The adjusting device according to Claim 14 holds the line stop 41 tensioned on the catch 40 in FIG. 19. When pulling down on the operating line 16, the L ^" slope of the catch releases the line stop in the relaxed position, FIG. 18. This means that both are free The operating line is relaxed and only needs to be operated briefly and undosed for the release of the line stop - Claim 15, Figure 25 and ^j » ¹ 26, allows the use of a conventional, continuous

Bar. If this is chosen relatively weak, it assumes the intended curvature even when the wind is weak and largely retains it even when the wind is stronger.

Best way to carry out the invention ..

15 sail battens made from loosely abutting tubular batten bars 1. in which loosely abutting Rohi inner bars 2 of the same length are arranged overlapping, the mutual transverse play 5 of which determines the curvature. In this case, an inner-lying holding element 11 with line stops 12, 13 holds the

1- '»» curvature part and the longer rear-side fixed rod (10) together.

Commercial application. Slip Sege1.

Reference number 1 list. Is not part of the official documents.

1 staff

2 overlapping rods, inner rod 3.4 stops

5 game

6 travel limiters, stop

7 Sege1

8 sail bag

9 bow-side fixed rod

10 rear

11 holding elements

12 line stop for slat bars and fixed bars

13 "" overlapping bars

14 spring balancer

15 shark line stop

16 understand one

17 We11e

18 levers

19 spring balancer

20 delimiters

21 Rectangular cross section

22 operating line

23 line clamp

24 leveling bar

25 end faces

26 volume

27 section spring

28 spacer

29 rear stop

30 extended rod 37 spacers

31 holders 38 stops

32 spacers 39 compression springs

33 volume 40 locking device

34 Position 41 line stop

35 position 42 crossbar

36 spacers 43 stop bar

Claims

Claims.

1 sail battens with elongated, stiff battens arranged one behind the other (1). which are connected via articulated joints with a limited articulation angle in such a way that they can pivot horizontally to each other as far as the stop (3.4.6) of the articulated joints, characterized in that the stops (3.4,6) by travel limiters (2,6,26 ) are formed, which are arranged with play to the crossbars (1) that the ι> when a crossbar is attached to the associated

Weghe Grenzer acting forces are directed transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crossbar and that the size of the game (5) determines the maximum buckling

2 batten according to claim 1, characterized in that αie> ■ path limiters are formed by a further, elongated, stiff rod (2) which overlaps the adjacent batten bar (1), and stops (3, 4, 6) on each other limit the movement of the crossbar (1) to the overlapping crossbar (2) directed transversely to the longitudinal direction, the longitudinal distance of the stops (3, 4, 6) from one another being greater than the horizontal width of the complete crossbar

Battens according to Claim 2. characterized in that the slat bar is designed as a tubular slat bar (1) and the overlapping II bar as an inner bar (2) arranged in the tubular slat bars with cross-piece1, in particular slat bar and overlapping bar made of similar round or corner profiles consist

4 SegeHat according to Claim 2. characterized in that the I 'stops are formed by overlapping bars (2) and path limiters (6), the path limiters (6.26) spatially encompassing the slat bar and overlapping bar, in particular as a slat bar (1) and overlapping bar (2) lying next to one another Flat bars with external fiber reinforcement and light material in the middle are used, and the travel limiters (6) serve as rings made of flexible tape attached only to the respective bar ends (26) or as a bolt guided through the crossbar and the stop rod, the head of which comprises the crossbar and the stop rod.

5. sail crossbar according to claim 1.2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the travel limiters and overlapping rods can be displaced relative to the longitudinal axis of the sail crossbar for the purpose of adjusting the curvature.

6 sail batten according to Claim 1.2.3, 4 or 5, characterized in that a bulge part (1 to 6) according to Claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 from a longer stern-side fixed rod (10) or from a shorter bow-side and a longer rear-side fixed bar (9, 10) is bordered, the fixed bar being longer than the slat bar, and wherein the slat bar and fixed bar all consist of the same (cross-sectional) profile, and that holding elements (11) (11) run along the bar Line stops (12.13) (like knots, line clamps, washers) hold the batten bar and fixed bar and the overlapping bar lengthways in position, the batten bar and associated overlapping bar each being approximately the same length, with the rear-side fixed bar (10) in particular being a length of 30 up to 50% and the bow has a length of approx. 10% of the slat length and the fixed bar and overlapping bar are all about the same length and the bar (1.2.9.10) butts loosely against each other between the line stops.

Sail crossbar according to Claim 5. characterized in that the crossbar and overlapping rods all have approximately the same length and a spring tension (14) attached to the rear end of the crossbar adjusts the existing line stop (12) of the holding elements (11) with the overlapping rods against a line stop (15) aft to the basic position, and an adjusting line (16) operated from the cockpit or by lengthy changes to the sail pulls the previous line stop (13) with the overlapping rods towards the front against the half line stop (15) into a changed position for a changed one Curvature pulls, the length changes on the sail through the sail trim, like through Cunningham. Trap tension, clew outhaul, flattener. Tree pullers or kickers and / or by wind forces, such as on the stretchable canvas in the tree area (soft shelf). _ _' 8. sail crossbar according to claim 1.2.3.5 or 6, characterized in that the tube-batten rods and fixed rods by the adjusting led in the inner tubes in the center 1 leash

(16) and Halteleme (11) can be tightened to each other, so that their straight provide the bar to the longitudinal axis right-angled ^j> ^"end faces, for which in particular the end faces (25) are in pairs running centering and Halteleme a guided in the fixed rod shaft

(17) is fastened, which is tensioned via a lever (18) by the adjusting line (16) and by spring tension (19)

J5 is pulled against the limiter (20) into the basic position.

9. sail batten according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 6, characterized in that the tube-batten rods (1) and overlapping rods (21) have approximately square to rectangular cross sections, which are dimensioned such that in 0 a level for the Curvature required play arises, but in the vertical plane there is only essentially no play, and that the crossbar is attached to the mast slide and in the sail bag by 90 degrees around it by means of a control line (s) (22) fastened with a line clamp (23)

15 longitudinal axis can be rotated so that the curvature is reduced accordingly.

10. SegeHatte according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or two continuous compensation battens (s) (24) are arranged along the battens

I ¹ - '(are), which hardly affects the curvature of the crossbar, but compensates for the kinks, which are connected to the crossbar at one point only and which, if necessary, can also absorb longitudinal forces through support by crossbar and sail bag.

75 11.Sege1 lath according to Claim 7, characterized in that the overlapping rods by prestressed section springs (27) and line stops (13) individually or in groups are held together and connected to the actuating cable (16), which only become effective by pretensioning if and as long as the adjustment movement of the overlapping rods is inhibited, in particular the return spring (14) and section springs (27) consisting of a continuous rubber cable and the return springs (14) weaker, the section springs (27) are more biased, to which the actuating cable (16) adjoins the line stop (13). A spacer element (28) movable along the line with two stops for the line stop (13) movable between them on the line stop (15) limits the movement on the bow side and thereby allows an adjustment path of the actuating line that is greater than the adjustment path of the overlapping rods.

Sege had according to Claim 7 or 11, characterized in that for the enlargement of the curvature, the abutting slat bars and overlapping bars are pulled apart in such a way that the overlaps on both sides are each reduced approximately the same, for which purpose the rear-side fixed bar (10) is replaced by a compensating bar ( 24) is held according to Claim 10, and an extended overlapping rod (30) brings about the length compensation by overlapping in the fixed rod for more or less long, and for which crossbars and overlapping rods carry central holders (31), on which a line engages. which limits their pull apart.

13. batten according to claim 1, 2.3.4, 6, 9 or 10, characterized in that spacers can be moved along the batten in the gap or in the gap between the batten rod and the overlapping rod and thereby change the effective play and thus the curvature , for which in particular either a) spacers with wedge-shaped ends (32) are fastened to a band (33) by means of which they can be pulled from a position (34) longitudinally between the stops to a position (35) transversely between the stops, whereby the spacers including the tape are half as strong are like the gap, or for what in particular b) the spacers with wedge-shaped ends centrally on the inside of the slat rod (36) and centrally on the outside of the overlapping rod

(37) are fastened and the rods (1, 2) for reducing the curvature are pulled together by the tether (11) over or m the cylindrical parts of the spacers and up to their central stops (38), while compression springs (39) more relaxed holding elements the bars

(1.2) push apart again, whereby a compensating batten transmits octagonal forces to the mast according to Claim 10.

14. Adjustment device on a sail with a reinforcement that is tensioned in one position and relaxed in the other. characterized in that a fixed point on the sail not influenced by the adjustment carries a latching device (40) which can hold a line stop (41) of the tensioned adjusting line (16), but releases it with a simple pull on the actuating cable pull (16).

15. batten with stops, between which there is play when the batten is straight and which lie against one another at maximum curvature, characterized in that one or more stop rods (43) are arranged horizontally next to the batten (42), and batten and Stop bars are each encompassed in their middle and at their ends by limiters (6) with a horizontal cross-piece, the stop bars in particular being stiffer than the crossbar.