EP0896834B1 - Dispersing apparatus for complete wetting of single particle powder materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The apparatus for the dispersion of powders in a liquid that is distributed over the whole outer surface of the particles comprises a set of two parallel, toothed, discs connected by a set of spacers whose length is between one-fifth and one-twentieth of the disc diameters. The spacers (15) are made of flat plates of sufficient width so that the ends, bent at right angles, provide a sufficiently large surface to allow the spacers to be bolted to the discs and hence provide a variety of assemblies.

Description

The invention relates to a dispersing device for all-round wetting of primary particles, such as powdery substances, color pigments, fillers and the like, with at least two dispersing disks arranged parallel to one another, at least one of which is connected to a dispersing shaft, with teeth which are arranged radially on the outside of the dispersing disks. and with connecting webs that keep the dispersing disks spaced.
These dispersing devices - also called dispersing tools - are each arranged at the end of a dispersing shaft that plunges vertically into the mix. Dispersing in the present case means the all-round wetting of primary particles of powdery substances, such as, for. B. color pigments, fillers and the like, which usually form agglomerates when poured into the liquid.

To achieve uniform primary particle wetting, is the transfer of high performance to the mix required .. For this reason, a high Solid concentration can be chosen to at Dispersion process to avoid splashing. Only after Homogeneous wetting can be achieved on the Consistency of use can be diluted. This will understandably the wetting of the powdery substances that are often of different types and densities, problematic and time-consuming.

Dispersing, in the form described above, differs is strongly different from one that occurs frequently in chemistry simple stirring process, in which often only liquids with each other or liquids with a small proportion of powdery substances are mixed or manufactured.

From DE 36 16 203 A1 an agitator is known preferably a circular head disc and one preferably has circular foot disc, between which in the middle an intermediate plate is arranged perpendicular to the disks.

A dispersing device is known from DE 34 38 766 A1 with a driven one that rotates about its central axis Deflector consisting of a rotating shaft and one in the area of the rotor disk arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft, the disc plane being opposite the axis of the rotating shaft is inclined and has at least one passage opening.

From DE 26 44 326 A1 a mixer head piece is known consists of two coaxially stacked disks, between which knives are arranged. The disks point in essentially radially extending slots on their Trailing edge of a leg with right angles Knives is arranged.

From DE 1 941 831 PS, a tool is known that can be used on a End is attached to a drive shaft that is a washer has radially extending wings on the surface are attached, the tops of which are fastened with a wreath are.

From DE-OS 18 14 506 a stirring tool is known has a stirring head arranged at the end of a spindle, which consists of several ring-shaped agitator discs which Spacers are kept at a distance and through. Screws be squeezed together.

From US 44 51 155 a mixing tool is known, on the Shaft attached several parallel annular agitator discs are, some of which have an internal opening for suctioning the Have mixed goods. The ratio of the diameter of the Stirring discs to the entire height of the stirring tool 8: 1.

DE 82 34 623 U1 describes a mixing device for mixing of substances known to be between two at a distance arranged coaxial disks with through openings are provided, stirring disks are arranged. By attaching of additional stirring disks on the outside of the disks the mixing effect should be improved.

From US 36 30 636 a stirring device is known which there are two parallel stirring disks. The Stirring discs have baffles on both sides that the mix by rotating in front of the baffles arranged holes should press.

From US 30 30 083 a stirring device is known which there are two parallel stirring disks, the Have suction holes. Furthermore, are on the stirring discs Deflectors arranged.

From US 48 13 787 a stirring device is known which there are two parallel stirring discs, the ends of which Have teeth. Furthermore, are on the stirring discs Suction bores arranged.

From DD 42 040 a stirring device is known, the two has disks arranged on a shaft, which in Direction of rotation alternately different against the Has surface areas extending in the plane of rotation. Further the device is provided with teeth.

From US 2464588 forming the preamble of claim 1, a stirring device is known in which the disks are connected to one another with detachable webs.

All these devices have in common that they do not Possibility to vary the distance between the discs redefine as needed. In addition, the stirring means arranged between the discs, which means less efficiency compared to an arrangement in the edge area means.

Furthermore, mixing devices are generally known at which the stirring discs are connected to each other by a basket be in which two axially arranged flanges serve as a mounting base for the stirring discs and the Flanges are firmly connected by webs. In ' this device, the flanges are so-called prevents flow, which makes the webs correspondingly long must be chosen, usually 150-200 mm. this leads to to that for an optimal dispersion process necessary low filling level in the mixing container only one, namely the lower tooth lock washer.

The task of the device is high through the panes generated laminar flow even when adding powdery Maintain fabrics, which in particular requirements to the flow behavior of the disc. Another object of the present invention is to provide a To create device that often at different low filling levels has better dispersing properties.

These tasks are solved by a device with the Features of the independent claim.

So the problem of different fill levels in particular solved in that the connecting webs by detachable connection means directly with the Dispersion disks are connected, causing the Connecting webs or the dispersing disks simply are interchangeable. The side faces of the connecting bars should be large enough to be sufficient large and stable front and support surface for the To provide dispersing disks.

There are a variety of interchangeable, different long connecting piece sets provided, which consist of several for a connection of the dispersing disks necessary Crosspieces exist, each set of crosspieces the dispersing discs at a different distance from each other attached.

To maintain the laminar flow and improve the Suction behavior, a lower flow resistance is too achieve the laminar flow is not negative affected; the connecting webs additionally point to this at least one flattened side edge and are preferably in an oblique radial arrangement Setting angle to the centric in the dispersing disks trained shaft bores aligned.

The shape of the webs and the possibility of exchange can can of course be combined. When dispersing one Mixed material with a low liquid content, e.g. Spatula, Pastes, grist batches, it is necessary with a low Fill level in the mixing tank to work for optimal Ensure energy transfer. So that multi-pane according to the invention is completely immersed a correspondingly short web set was chosen.

A larger distance between the dispersing disks, however, is the manufacture of products with light or extreme light fillers - such as finely divided silica (also called Aerosil) - necessary. In this case it is a Select a web set with a longer length. test series with the device according to the invention have in particular difficult to wet powdery solids Dipergierzeit shortening to 1/3 of the usual time result.

By using two dispersing discs, the Adding powdery substances only to the laminar flow the top of the dispersing disc or in the worst case interrupted the upper dispersing disc. The flow on the the lower dispersion disk is maintained. This means that these substances can be added more quickly.

In a first embodiment, only the upper one Dispersing disc, in addition to the important one for the pump effect Shaft bore, suction openings on. These are infant openings arranged radially on the dispersing disc and improve the Promotion of the product to be dispersed. The dispersion time is thus reduced, which is a low heat load of the Brings mixed goods with it.

In a second embodiment, both the upper and the lower dispersing disc also has suction openings.

In further embodiments, the dispersing disks have different tooth shapes and / or different Diameter.

Figur 1

die Draufsicht auf eine Mehrfachscheibe, mit einer oberen und einer unteren Dispergierscheibe, die jeweils eine Wellenbohrung aufweisen, mit Saugöffnungen, die in der oberen Dispergierscheibe angeordnet sind, mit Stegen, die die Dispergierscheiben miteinander verbinden, mit Zähnen zur Erzeugung einer laminaren Strömung;

Figur 2

die Detaildarstellung eines Verbindungsstegs in Draufsicht gemäß Ausschnitt "A" in Figur 1, mit einer abgeflachten Seitenkante und Gewinden zur Schraubverbindung mit den Dispergierscheiben;

Figur 3

einen Schnitt entlang der Seitenansicht, mit einer Mehrfachscheibe nach Figur 1, die durch ein Befestigungsmittel an einer Dispergierwelle befestigt ist, wobei die Zähne der Dispergierscheiben versetzt mit einem Abkantwinkel ausgerichtet sind;

Figur 4

die Draufsicht auf eine Mehrfachscheibe nach Figur 1, wobei die untere Dispergierscheibe ebenfalls Saugöffnungen aufweist;

Figur 5

einen Schnitt entlang der Seitenansicht nach Figur 3, wobei die Zähne mit einer Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Abkantwinkeln versetzt ausgerichtet sind.

Further advantageous measures are described in the subclaims. The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing and is described in more detail below; it shows:

Figure 1

the top view of a multiple disk, with an upper and a lower dispersing disk, each having a shaft bore, with suction openings which are arranged in the upper dispersing disk, with webs which connect the dispersing disks to one another, with teeth for producing a laminar flow;

Figure 2

the detailed view of a connecting web in plan view according to section "A" in Figure 1, with a flattened side edge and threads for screw connection with the dispersing disks;

Figure 3

a section along the side view, with a multiple disc according to Figure 1, which is fastened by a fastener to a dispersing shaft, wherein the teeth of the dispersing disks are aligned offset with a folding angle;

Figure 4

the top view of a multiple disk according to Figure 1, wherein the lower dispersing disk also has suction openings;

Figure 5

a section along the side view of Figure 3, wherein the teeth are aligned offset with a variety of different folding angles.

The multiple disc 10 shown in Figure 1 consists in essentially, as shown in Figure 3, from an upper Dispersing disc 11 and a lower dispersing disc 12, which are parallel to each other and coaxial to a dispersing wave 14 are arranged. The dispersing disks 11 and 12 are connected to one another by connecting webs 15. The Dispersion disks 11 and 12 are thereby in one uniform distance 30 held and aligned. The connecting webs 15 are preferably rectangular formed, whereby the side surfaces 39 are large. This geometric shape represents a sufficiently large and stable face and support surface 37 for the dispersing disks 11, 12 and 12a ready. Oval shapes of the connecting webs 15 are also conceivable, since they also have flat sides exhibit.

The upper dispersion disk 11 is concentric arranged suction openings 20 provided while the lower Dispersion disc 12 is closed. In Figures 4 and 5 a multiple disc 10a is shown, in which the lower dispersion disk 12a equipped with suction openings 21 is.

The dispersing disks 11, 12 and 12a have on their Outside teeth 16, 17 and 18, which are laminar Generate flow. In particular from Figures 3 and 5 can be seen that the teeth 16, 17 and 18 with different Set angles 28 up and down from the plane of the Dispersion disks 11, 12 and 12a are limited.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which two different setting angles 28 are provided, whereby every second tooth 16 or 17 is set equally. Figure 5, however, shows an embodiment in which everyone third tooth 16 or 17 or 18 is equally set.

The connecting webs 15 are by releasable connecting means 19 connected to the dispersing disks 11, 12 and 12a. How FIG. 2 shows in detail the connecting means 19 Screws in thread 29 in the end faces 37 of the Connecting webs 15 can be screwed.

The connecting webs 15 extend from the Dispersion disc top 25 of the lower dispersion disc 12 to the underside of the dispersion disk 26 of the upper dispersion disk 11. The connecting webs 15 are concentric to the dispersing shaft 14 at the Dispersion disks 11, 12 and 12a attached. Because of the absence of mounting flanges, corresponds to the length of the Connecting webs 15 essentially the distance 30 between the upper dispersing disk 11 and the lower Dispersing disc 12 or 12a. The outer diameter 31 of the Dispersion disks 11, 12 and 12a are approximately five to twenty times greater than the length 30 of the connecting webs 15 equivalent.

As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the connecting webs 15 has a flattened side edge 24, which is preferably the Direction of rotation 38 (arrow) is facing. This will uncontrolled turbulence before the Rotation movement with sides loaded with dispersed material avoided. Other known streamlined forms of Connecting webs 15 are also conceivable insofar as they are the Control the flow direction in a controllable manner.

To improve the suction effect and thus the laminar To increase flow, the connecting webs 15 are in one predetermined angle of attack 27 compared to one by the Center point 36 of the radial 32 running through the dispersing shaft 14 aligned. The angle of attack 27 of the connecting webs 15 are less than 90 °, preferably 70 ° to 85 ° intended. In the case of the rotational movement, the - not shown - usually highly viscous dispersed material from the flattened side edges 24 of the connecting webs 15 steered from radially inside to radially outside. There is a intimate wetting of the powdery - not shown Primary particles, for example color pigments and the like the usually highly viscous carrier substance, for example a liquid resin.

The releasable connecting means 19 make it possible to have one from a plurality of connecting webs 15 of equal length existing connector set against another swap out the longer or shorter ones Connecting webs 15 exist. As a result, the distance 30 between the dispersing disks 11, 12 and 12a as required can be set differently. It is also the Possibility given to dispersing disks with different Diameter and / or with different teeth with each other to combine.

The upper dispersing disc 11 has a central one Shaft bore 22 and the lower dispersing disk 12 or 12a has a central shaft bore 23 through which the Dispersing shaft 14 is guided. The dispersing shaft 14 is preferably via a - not shown - gear and set in rotation by a motor (not shown). A stepless one is especially useful in dispersion applications Regulation of the engine or transmission is important to ensure optimal To achieve dispersion results.

The shaft bore 22 of the upper dispersion disk 11 has a larger inner diameter 33 than the outer Diameter 35 corresponds to the dispersing shaft 14. The Dispersion shaft 14 is therefore contact-free through the upper Dispersing disk 11 out. When rotating the Multiple disk 10 or 10a creates a suction through the Shaft bore 22 which creates a laminar flow.

The laminar flow extends through the shaft bore 22 further up to the radially outer edge region of the Multiple disc 10 or 10a. The inside diameter 33 of the not with the dispersing shaft 14 connected shaft bore 22 of the upper dispersing disc 11 is larger than that Inner diameter 34 of the connected to the dispersing shaft 14 Shaft bore 23 of the lower dispersing disk 12 or 12a. The shaft bore 23 of the lower dispersing disk 12 or 12a corresponds approximately to the outer diameter 35 of the dispersing shaft 14th

The dispersing disks 11, 12 and 12a have the same Outside diameter 31. Point to another version the dispersing disks 11, 12 and 12a different Outside diameter 31.

To increase this suction effect, the Dispersion disks 11 and 12a suction openings. 20 or 21 on, which are arranged concentrically spaced from the dispersing shaft 14 are.

As FIGS. 3 and 5 show, the lower ones are Dispersing disks 12 and 12a in their central Shaft bores 23 via fastening means 13 with the lower one free end of the dispersing shaft 14 connected. The Inner diameters 34 of the shaft bores 23 correspond essentially the outer diameter 35 of the dispersing shaft 14th

reference numeral

10, 10a

Multiple disc

11

upper dispersing disc

12, 12a

lower dispersing disc

13

fastener

14

Dispergierwelle

15

connecting web

16, 17, 18

tooth

19

connecting means

20, 21

suction opening

22, 23

shaft bore

24

flattened side edge

25

Dispergierscheibenoberseite

26

Dispergierscheibenunterseite

27

angle of attack

28

decalage

29

thread

30

distance

31

outer diameter

32

radial

33, 34

Inner diameter

35

outer diameter

36

Focus

37

Face / support surface

38

direction of rotation

39

side surface

Claims (16)

1. Dispersion device for wetting all over the single particles of powder materials

   with at least two dispersion discs placed parallel to each other of which at least one of them is connected to the dispersion shaft

   with teeth being arranged radially at the dispersion discs's outside

   with connecting webs separating the dispersion discs from each other, marked in that way that the connecting webs (15) are showing at least one flattened lateral edge (24) which is placed at the flow edge in rotational direction.
2. Dispersion device in accordance with the above mentioned claim marked in that way that the lateral faces (39) of the connecting webs (15) are developed in a large-faced way for providing a sufficiently large and solid fore-par and supporting surface for the dispersion discs (11, 12, 20, 12a).
3. Dispersion device in accordance with one or several claims mentioned above marked in that way that the connecting webs are connected to the dispersion discs by means of detachable joints and fastenings (19) as a result of which the connecting webs (19) and/or the dispersion discs (11, 12, 12a) are easily to replace.
4. Dispersion device in accordance with one or several claims mentioned above marked in that way that the joints and fastenings (19) together with threads (29) placed in the connecting webs (15) are screws which can act as a connection - the connection webs are preferably showing a length of a fifth to a twentieth of the outer diameter of the dispersion disc.
5. Dispersion device in accordance with one or several claims mentioned above marked in that way that a large number of exchangeable connecting web sets consisting of several connecting webs (15) which are separating the dispersion discs being different in their length (11, 12, 12a) are provided.
6. Dispersion device in accordance with one or several claims mentioned above marked in that way that the connecting webs (15) are placed concentrically to the dispersion shaft (14).
7. Dispersion device in accordance with one or several claims mentioned above marked in that way that the connecting webs are placed in a predestined setting angle against a radial which is centrically passing through the dispersion shaft (14) so that the setting angle is adjusted flow-favourably in rotational direction and/or that the connecting webs are essentially showing a rectangular cross section.
8. Dispersion device in accordance with the claim mentioned above marked in that way that the setting angles (27) of the connecting webs (15) are smaller than 90°, but preferably 70 to 85°.
9. Dispersion device in accordance with one or several claims mentioned above marked in that way that the dispersion discs (11, 12a) are equipped with suction openings (20, 21) which are preferably placed in a concentrical way to the shaft borings (22, 23) in the dispersion discs. (11, 12a).
10. Dispersion device in accordance with one or several claims mentioned above marked in that way that the lower dispersion disc (12, 12a) is showing a centrical shaft boring (23) while being preferably connected with a dispersion shaft (14) by means of fixings (13).
11. Dispersion device in accordance with one or several claims mentioned above marked in that way that the upper dispersion discs (11) are showing centrically placed shaft borings (22) being open in front of the dispersion shaft (14).
12. Dispersion device in accordance with one or several claims mentioned above marked in that way that the inner diameter (33) of the shaft boring (22) of the dispersion disc (11) which is not connected with the dispersion shaft (14) is larger than the inner diameter (34) of the dispersion disc (12, 12a) which is connected with the dispersion shaft (14) at the shaft boring (23).
13. Dispersion device in accordance with one or several claims mentioned above marked in that way that the dispersion discs (11, 12, 12a) are showing different or equal outer diameters (31).
14. Dispersion device in accordance with one or several claims mentioned above marked by teeth (16, 17, 18) which are preferably set with predestined set angles (28) from the area of the dispersion discs (11, 12, 12a).
15. Dispersion device in accordance with the claim mentioned above marked in that way that teeth (16, 17, 18) are alternately set with predestined set angles (28) up and down from the area of the dispersion discs (11, 12, 12a).
16. Dispersion device in accordance with one or both claims mentioned above marked in that way that dispersion discs (11, 12, 12a) are showing teeth (16, 17, 18) formed in a different or equal way.

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