EP0894938B1 - Device for transferring fluids between the sea bottom and the surface - Google Patents
Device for transferring fluids between the sea bottom and the surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0894938B1 EP0894938B1 EP98401720A EP98401720A EP0894938B1 EP 0894938 B1 EP0894938 B1 EP 0894938B1 EP 98401720 A EP98401720 A EP 98401720A EP 98401720 A EP98401720 A EP 98401720A EP 0894938 B1 EP0894938 B1 EP 0894938B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- flexible pipe
- vertebrae
- arch
- seabed
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 102100037658 STING ER exit protein Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710198240 STING ER exit protein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100420946 Caenorhabditis elegans sea-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/01—Risers
- E21B17/015—Non-vertical risers, e.g. articulated or catenary-type
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
- E21B43/013—Connecting a production flow line to an underwater well head
- E21B43/0135—Connecting a production flow line to an underwater well head using a pulling cable
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluid transfer device between underwater equipment such as a head well and a surface unit which can be constituted by a platform floating or a ship.
- the main configurations are those known as names "LAZY S”, “LAZY WAVE”, “STEEP S”, “STEEP WAVE ".
- the flexible line (s) connecting the basic equipment to the surface unit are associated with bodies intermediates which are means of positive buoyancy and so are constituted by flotation buoys or by an arch, which organs intermediaries divide each flexible pipe into two upper parts and lower and giving the upper part a concavity directed towards the area unit.
- US Patent 5,505,560 relates to a system for transferring fluid comprising two upper and lower intermediate members dividing the flexible pipe in three parts, an upper part including an area has a concavity directed towards the surface unit, part intermediate located between the two intermediate bodies and having a area whose concavity is also directed towards the surface unit, and a lower part of which an area has a concavity directed towards the bottom marine, the free end of the lower part being connected to the equipment background.
- the upper intermediate organ is constituted by an arch which is connected by a connecting cable to a fixed point on the seabed, while the lower intermediate member consists of flotation buoys arranged around the flexible pipe. It’s actually the combination of the two configurations "LAZY S" and "LAZY WAVE".
- a method is described installation of a fluid transfer system, as well as the transfer usable for the implementation of the method.
- the process consists of provide an intermediate member arranged laterally with respect to a line extending vertically from the surface unit, down a pipe flexible from the surface to fix it on the intermediate member, so to transfer the weight from the lower part of the pipe to the organ intermediate.
- MBR is the minimum bend radius that the hose can admit without damage. Excessive curvature can cause damage which can take several forms which are described in the API document to which we can usefully refer.
- the swell movements induce vertical and horizontal movements on the area unit.
- a sea is considered shallow when the amplitudes of horizontal and / or vertical displacement induced by the waves and the swell is not negligible compared to the water depth. In practical, when the amplitudes are greater than 10% of the depth, so we consider that we are in shallow sea.
- the movements of the surface unit transmit to the intermediate support element of the flexible force pipe (s) very important hydrodynamics. A consequence of these efforts hydrodynamics is, among other things, significant horizontal displacements of said arch, which results in a dynamic deformation of the flexible driving.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a device for transfer of a fluid between downhole equipment and a surface unit which be usable regardless of the distance between the surface equipment and the area unit.
- the present invention relates to a device of the above type, of the type comprising at least one flexible pipe extending in chain, an intermediate support and flotation member associated with said pipe and dividing the latter into at least two upper parts. and lower, the intermediate member communicating with a zone of the upper part, a concavity turned towards the bottom, means for retaining at least one zone of the lower part of the pipe, said retaining means being connected by means connecting to a fixed point for tensioning the area between the intermediate member and the retaining means, said retaining means and the fixed point communicating with the area between the retaining means and the terminal part of the conducts a mean curvature, the concavity of which is directed towards the downhole equipment, the intermediate member being connected to said fixed point, characterized in that the connecting means have a length at least equal to the minimum radius of curvature of the flexible pipe.
- An advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that it is particularly interesting in oil operations with little water deep.
- Another advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that it is applicable for downhole equipment that is offset laterally with respect to or under the surface unit which can be constituted by a production platform.
- Another advantage is that the swell movements and waves cannot excessively distort pipes hoses or umbilicals connecting the surface unit to the bottom equipment, that is to say, the present invention makes it possible to prevent the radius of curvature of the deformation is less than the MBR at any point of the conduct.
- the device according to the invention is intended to be included in a oil exploitation unit comprising a surface unit such that a platform 1 maintained on the surface of the sea 2, an equipment of bottom comprising in particular one or more well heads, shown schematically in Figure 1 and designated by reference 3, pipes flexible and / or umbilicals 4, an intermediate support and flotation 5.
- the support and buoyancy element 5 constituted for example by an arch divides the flexible and / or umbilical duct (s) into at least Three parties.
- the upper part or first part 6 of the flexible pipe is between the platform 1 and the arch 5 and includes a zone 6a whose concavity is turned towards the surface 2.
- the second part 7 of the flexible pipe consists of the area resting on the arch 5 and having a concavity turned towards the bottom 8.
- the third part 9 is between the arch 5 and the bottom 8 and comprises a zone 10, the concavity of which faces the well head 3 which can be located directly below platform 1 (figure 1) or offset laterally and at a certain distance from said platform 1, the portion of pipe connecting zone 10 to said wellhead being shown on the left of Figure 2.
- This portion of pipe constituting a fourth part 11 of the flexible pipe.
- a dead body 12 or other equivalent equipment is attached by any suitable means on or in the background 8.
- the third part 9 of the flexible pipe 4 is connected, at least in the portion comprising zone 10, with dead body 12, the connection being made by means of a cable or an anchor 13 fixed to a end on the dead body 12 and, at the other end, at a fixing point 14 of said third part 9.
- the attachment point 14 may be constituted by a collar 15 tightened around the pipe, the collar 15 possibly comprising two axis elements aligned opposite on each of which is fixed a cable or an anchor rod 13, the two anchor rods, when they are used, being fixed on the same anchor point 16 of the dead body 12.
- the minimum radius is determined curvature or MBR.
- MBR curvature
- a length L is assigned to the anchor tie 13 so that it or at least equal to said MBR which has the effect of limiting the deformation of zone 10 to a certain average value, greater than the MBR of said pipe, which prevents irreversible damage of the type mentioned in said API documentation.
- the zone 10 of the pipe has an average curvature between two extreme values, the nominal radius of curvature being determined as a function of the diameter of the conduct and conditions of use.
- the arch 5 is connected to the dead body 12 by a cable or pulling anchor 17, one end of which is fixed directly to said arch 5 or at a point 18 of connection of two small cables 19 fixed to the base of said arch 5, the other end of the anchoring cable 17 being fixed to the dead body 12 and, preferably, at point 16 for anchoring the flexible pipe 4.
- zone 10 of the third part 9 of the flexible pipe 4 passes through a set of vertebrae articulated 20, said set of vertebrae limiting the maximum curvature of said area to a value which can be predetermined.
- the collar clamp 15 can be mounted around a part of the set of vertebrae 20 or between two vertebrae 21 of said assembly 20 and clamped directly around flexible pipe; preferably, the clamp 15 is disposed substantially in the middle of the length of the set of vertebrae 20.
- the length L ′ of the set of vertebrae 20 is determined so that it is at least twice and preferably three times said MBR.
- the length L “of the anchor rod of the arch 5 it depends on the water depth P between surface 2 and bottom 8, the length L “of the anchor rod 17 determining the depth of immersion of said arch 5.
- the length L " is preferably also determined by depending on the amplitude of the swell and / or wave movements likely to occur in the operating sector, said amplitude can be for example of the order of 15 meters and more designated by D.
- Arch 5 will be submerged to a depth at least equal to D of so as to minimize the effect of sea movements on said arch 5.
- the immersion depth of arch 5 will be between 20 and 70% of the depth P and preferably equal to 50%.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
- Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
- Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de transfert de fluide entre un équipement de fond sous-marin comme par exemple une tête de puits et une unité de surface qui peut être constituée par une plate-forme flottante ou un navire.The present invention relates to a fluid transfer device between underwater equipment such as a head well and a surface unit which can be constituted by a platform floating or a ship.
En exploitation pétrolière notamment, il est utilisé une ou plusieurs conduites flexibles pour remonter un fluide de gisement tel que du pétrole, depuis une ou plusieurs têtes de puits et/ou un manifold disposés sur le fond marin vers une unité de surface.In oil exploitation in particular, it is used one or several flexible pipes for raising a reservoir fluid such as oil, from one or more well heads and / or a manifold arranged on the seabed towards a surface unit.
Différentes configurations du dispositif ainsi que des procédés ont été et sont proposés par la demanderesse dans une brochure intitulée "Dynamic Flexible Risers", publiée en septembre 1985, lesquelles configurations sont également représentées dans un document intitulé "Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe" (API Recommended Practice 17B, First Edition, June 1, 1988).Different configurations of the device as well as methods have summer and are offered by the plaintiff in a brochure entitled "Dynamic Flexible Risers", published in September 1985, which configurations are also represented in a document entitled "Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe "(API Recommended Practice 17B, First Edition, June 1, 1988).
Les principales configurations sont celles connues sous les dénominations "LAZY S", "LAZY WAVE", "STEEP S", "STEEP WAVE". Dans chacune de ces configurations, la ou les conduites flexibles reliant l'équipement de fond à l'unité de surface sont associées à des organes intermédiaires qui sont des moyens de flottabilité positive et sont ainsi constituées par des bouées de flottaison ou par une arche, lesquels organes intermédiaires divisent chaque conduite flexible en deux parties supérieure et inférieure et conférant à la partie supérieure une concavité dirigée vers l'unité de surface.The main configurations are those known as names "LAZY S", "LAZY WAVE", "STEEP S", "STEEP WAVE ". In each of these configurations, the flexible line (s) connecting the basic equipment to the surface unit are associated with bodies intermediates which are means of positive buoyancy and so are constituted by flotation buoys or by an arch, which organs intermediaries divide each flexible pipe into two upper parts and lower and giving the upper part a concavity directed towards the area unit.
Un perfectionnement important a été proposé par la déposante dans FR-A-2 627 542, correspondant au préambule de la revendication 1) le perfectionnement consistant a monter, sur la partie inférieure de la conduite flexible, des moyens de retenue qui sont reliés à un point fixe du fond marin et qui confèrent à ladite partie inférieure une concavité dirigée vers la tête de puits et/ou des ensembles de raccordement (manifolds), de sorte qu'une zone de ladite partie inférieure présente une courbure moyenne. An important improvement was proposed by the applicant in FR-A-2 627 542, corresponding to the preamble of claim 1) the improvement consisting in mounting, on the part lower of the flexible pipe, retaining means which are connected to a fixed point on the seabed and which give said lower part a concavity directed towards the wellhead and / or connection assemblies (manifolds), so that an area of said lower part has a medium curvature.
Le brevet US 5 505 560 concerne un système de transfert de fluide comprenant deux organes intermédiaires supérieur et inférieur divisant la conduite flexible en trois parties, une partie supérieure dont une zone présente une concavité dirigée vers l'unité de surface, une partie intermédiaire située entre les deux organes intermédiaires et présentant une zone dont la concavité est également dirigée vers l'unité de surface, et une partie inférieure dont une zone présente une concavité dirigée vers le fond marin, l'extrémité libre de la partie inférieure étant connectée à l'équipement de fond. L'organe intermédiaire supérieur est constitué par une arche qui est reliée par un câble de liaison à un point fixe du fond marin, alors que l'organe intermédiaire inférieur est constitué par des bouées de flottaison disposées autour de la conduite flexible. Il s'agit en fait de la combinaison des deux configurations "LAZY S" et "LAZY WAVE".US Patent 5,505,560 relates to a system for transferring fluid comprising two upper and lower intermediate members dividing the flexible pipe in three parts, an upper part including an area has a concavity directed towards the surface unit, part intermediate located between the two intermediate bodies and having a area whose concavity is also directed towards the surface unit, and a lower part of which an area has a concavity directed towards the bottom marine, the free end of the lower part being connected to the equipment background. The upper intermediate organ is constituted by an arch which is connected by a connecting cable to a fixed point on the seabed, while the lower intermediate member consists of flotation buoys arranged around the flexible pipe. It’s actually the combination of the two configurations "LAZY S" and "LAZY WAVE".
Dans la demande EP 0 251 488, il est décrit un procédé d'installation d'un système de transfert de fluide, ainsi que le système de transfert utilisable pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé. Le procédé consiste à prévoir un organe intermédiaire disposé latéralement par rapport à une ligne s'étendant verticalement depuis l'unité de surface, à descendre une conduite flexible depuis la surface pour la fixer sur l'organe intermédiaire, de manière à transférer le poids de la partie inférieure de la conduite sur l'organe intermédiaire.In application EP 0 251 488, a method is described installation of a fluid transfer system, as well as the transfer usable for the implementation of the method. The process consists of provide an intermediate member arranged laterally with respect to a line extending vertically from the surface unit, down a pipe flexible from the surface to fix it on the intermediate member, so to transfer the weight from the lower part of the pipe to the organ intermediate.
Toutes les configurations antérieures ont été conçues et sont utilisées pour des profondeurs d'eau de plusieurs centaines de mètres. Lorsque l'équipement de fond est situé dans des exploitations pétrolières offshore peu profondes (shallow water en anglais), la conduite flexible et les éléments associés peuvent être soumis à des efforts hydrodynamiques ou des sollicitations dynamiques très importantes.All previous configurations have been designed and are used for water depths of several hundred meters. When the background equipment is located in offshore oil operations shallow water, flexible pipe and associated elements may be subjected to hydrodynamic forces or very important dynamic stresses.
De plus, en raison de l'amplitude du mouvement répété de la conduite flexible, le risque de détérioration et d'un vieillissement dynamique précoce de la conduite flexible n'est pas négligeable. Dans un environnement encombré comprenant plusieurs conduites flexibles, ombilicaux et câbles de liaison tels que des câbles d'amarrage, il peut se produire des chocs entre des conduites proches qui, subissant les sollicitations dynamiques, entraínent un endommagement possible desdites conduites et/ou câbles de liaison ou d'amarrage.In addition, due to the amplitude of the repeated movement of the flexible driving, the risk of deterioration and dynamic aging early flexible driving is not negligible. In an environment congested including several flexible pipes, umbilicals and cables connection such as mooring cables, there may be shocks between close conduits which, undergoing dynamic stresses, cause a possible damage to said pipes and / or connecting cables or mooring.
Au préalable, il est important de noter qu'une conduite flexible ne doit pas être déformée principalement en flexion de manière excessive, ladite déformation maximale admissible pour une conduite étant exprimée par ce qu'il est convenu d'appeler le rayon minimum de courbure (Minimum Bend Radius ou MBR en anglais).Beforehand, it is important to note that a flexible pipe does not should not be excessively flexed primarily, said maximum admissible deformation for a pipe being expressed by this that it is agreed to call the minimum radius of curvature (Minimum Bend Radius or MBR in English).
Le MBR est le rayon minimum de courbure que le flexible peut admettre sans dommage. Une courbure excessive peut entraíner des dommages qui peuvent revêtir plusieurs formes qui sont décrites dans le document API auquel on pourra se référer utilement.MBR is the minimum bend radius that the hose can admit without damage. Excessive curvature can cause damage which can take several forms which are described in the API document to which we can usefully refer.
En mer peu profonde, généralement inférieure à 100 mètres, les mouvements de houle induisent des mouvements verticaux et horizontaux sur l'unité de surface. Une mer est considérée comme peu profonde lorsque les amplitudes du déplacement horizontal et/ou vertical induites par les vagues et la houle sont non négligeables par rapport à la profondeur d'eau. En pratique, lorsque les amplitudes sont supérieures à 10 % de la profondeur, alors on considère qu'on est en mer peu profonde. Dans une exploitation pétrolière dans laquelle on utilise une arche de support pour les conduites flexibles ou ombilicaux, les mouvements de l'unité de surface transmettent à l'élément intermédiaire de support de la ou des conduites flexibles des efforts hydrodynamiques très importants. Une conséquence de ces efforts hydrodynamiques est, entre autres, des déplacements horizontaux importants de ladite arche, ce qui se traduit par une déformation dynamique de la conduite flexible. Lorsque l'unité de surface est fortement décalée latéralement par rapport à l'équipement de fond, comme c'est le cas du dispositif du brevet américain précité, cela nécessite d'utiliser une conduite flexible de grande longueur et donc d'augmenter considérablement le coût global de l'installation sous-marine, la déformation de la conduite flexible pouvant être plus ou moins absorbée en raison des longueurs de flexible utilisées entre l'unité de surface et les organes intermédiaires de flottabilité positive d'une part et, entre ces mêmes organes intermédiaires et l'équipement de fond. Mais lorsque l'unité de surface se trouve sensiblement à l'aplomb ou sur la verticale passant par l'équipement de fond, on conçoit aisément qu'un déplacement latéral de l'arche et donc de la conduite flexible entraíne une déformation importante de cette dernière et lui confère une courbure inférieure au MBR avec les conséquences que l'on sait.In shallow sea, generally less than 100 meters, the swell movements induce vertical and horizontal movements on the area unit. A sea is considered shallow when the amplitudes of horizontal and / or vertical displacement induced by the waves and the swell is not negligible compared to the water depth. In practical, when the amplitudes are greater than 10% of the depth, so we consider that we are in shallow sea. In a farm in which a support arch is used for the pipes flexible or umbilical, the movements of the surface unit transmit to the intermediate support element of the flexible force pipe (s) very important hydrodynamics. A consequence of these efforts hydrodynamics is, among other things, significant horizontal displacements of said arch, which results in a dynamic deformation of the flexible driving. When the surface unit is strongly shifted laterally with respect to the background equipment, as is the case with the device of the aforementioned US patent, this requires using a pipe flexible long and therefore significantly increase the cost overall underwater installation, the deformation of the flexible pipe can be more or less absorbed due to the lengths of hose used between the surface unit and the intermediate buoyancy devices on the one hand and, between these same intermediate bodies and background equipment. But when the surface unit is substantially vertically or vertically passing through the downhole equipment, we design easily than a lateral displacement of the arch and therefore of the flexible pipe causes a significant deformation of the latter and gives it a curvature less than the MBR with the consequences that we know.
La présente invention a pour but de proposer un dispositif de transfert d'un fluide entre un équipement de fond et une unité de surface qui soit utilisable quelle que soit la distance séparant l'équipement de surface de l'unité de surface.The object of the present invention is to propose a device for transfer of a fluid between downhole equipment and a surface unit which be usable regardless of the distance between the surface equipment and the area unit.
La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif du type ci-dessus,
du type comprenant au moins une conduite flexible s'étendant en chaínette,
un organe intermédiaire de support et de flottaison associé à ladite conduite
et divisant cette dernière en au moins deux parties supérieure et inférieure,
l'organe intermédiaire communiquant à une zone de la partie supérieure, une
concavité tournée vers le fond, des moyens de retenue d'au moins une zone
de la partie inférieure de la conduite, lesdits moyens de retenue étant reliés
par des moyens de liaison à un point fixe pour une mise en tension de la
zone comprise entre l'organe intermédiaire et les moyens de retenue, lesdits
moyens de retenue et le point fixe communiquant à la zone comprise entre
les moyens de retenus et la partie terminale de la conduite une courbure
moyenne dont la concavité est dirigée vers l'équipement de fond, l'organe intermédiaire étant relié audit point fixe,
caractérisé en ce que les moyens de liaison présentent une longueur au moins égale au rayon de courbure minimum de la conduite flexible.The present invention relates to a device of the above type, of the type comprising at least one flexible pipe extending in chain, an intermediate support and flotation member associated with said pipe and dividing the latter into at least two upper parts. and lower, the intermediate member communicating with a zone of the upper part, a concavity turned towards the bottom, means for retaining at least one zone of the lower part of the pipe, said retaining means being connected by means connecting to a fixed point for tensioning the area between the intermediate member and the retaining means, said retaining means and the fixed point communicating with the area between the retaining means and the terminal part of the conducts a mean curvature, the concavity of which is directed towards the downhole equipment, the intermediate member being connected to said fixed point,
characterized in that the connecting means have a length at least equal to the minimum radius of curvature of the flexible pipe.
Un avantage de la présente invention réside dans le fait qu'elle est particulièrement intéressante dans des exploitations pétrolières en eau peu profonde.An advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that it is particularly interesting in oil operations with little water deep.
Un autre avantage de la présente invention réside dans le fait qu'elle est applicable pour des équipements de fond qui sont décalés latéralement par rapport à l'unité de surface ou sous cette dernière qui peut être constituée par une plate-forme de production.Another advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that it is applicable for downhole equipment that is offset laterally with respect to or under the surface unit which can be constituted by a production platform.
Un autre avantage réside dans le fait que les mouvements de houle et des vagues ne peuvent déformer de manière excessive les conduites flexibles ou des ombilicaux reliant l'unité de surface à l'équipement de fond, c'est-à-dire que la présente invention permet d'éviter que le rayon de courbure de la déformation soit inférieur au MBR en tout point de la conduite. Another advantage is that the swell movements and waves cannot excessively distort pipes hoses or umbilicals connecting the surface unit to the bottom equipment, that is to say, the present invention makes it possible to prevent the radius of curvature of the deformation is less than the MBR at any point of the conduct.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront mieux à la lecture de la description d'un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, ainsi que des dessins annexés sur lesquels :
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un ensemble de production pétrolière comprenant une unité de surface, un équipement de fond et le dispositif selon l'invention,
- la figure 2 est une représentation schématique du dispositif selon l'invention,
- la figure 3 est une vue agrandie de la partie entourée sur la figure 2.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an oil production unit comprising a surface unit, downhole equipment and the device according to the invention,
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the device according to the invention,
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the part surrounded in FIG. 2.
Le dispositif selon l'invention est destiné à être inclus dans un
ensemble d'exploitation pétrolière comprenant une unité de surface telle
qu'une plate-forme 1 maintenu à la surface de la mer 2, un équipement de
fond comprenant notamment une ou plusieurs têtes de puits, représenté
schématiquement sur la figure 1 et désigné par la référence 3, des conduites
flexibles et/ou des ombilicaux 4, un organe intermédiaire de support et de
flottaison 5.The device according to the invention is intended to be included in a
oil exploitation unit comprising a surface unit such
that a platform 1 maintained on the surface of the
L'élément de support et de flottaison 5 constitué par exemple par
une arche divise la ou les conduites flexibles et/ou ombilicaux en au moins
trois parties. Dans ce qui suit, on se référera à une seule conduite flexible
s'étendant en chaínette 4 étant précisé que cela reste valable pour les autres
conduites flexibles et/ou ombilicaux et en général tous les éléments qui sont
supportés par l'élément de support et de flottaison 5. La partie supérieure ou
première partie 6 de la conduite flexible est comprise entre la plate-forme 1
et l'arche 5 et comprend une zone 6a dont la concavité est tournée vers la
surface 2. La deuxième partie 7 de la conduite flexible est constituée par la
zone en appui sur l'arche 5 et présentant une concavité tournée vers le fond
8. La troisième partie 9 est comprise entre l'arche 5 et le fond 8 et comprend
une zone 10 dont la concavité est tournée vers la tête de puits 3 qui peut être
située directement au-dessous de la plate-forme 1 (figure 1) ou décalée
latéralement et à une certaine distance par rapport à ladite plate-forme 1, la
portion de conduite reliant la zone 10 à ladite tête de puits étant représentée
sur la gauche de la figure 2. Cette portion de conduite constituant une
quatrième partie 11 de la conduite flexible. The support and
Un corps mort 12 ou autre équipement équivalent est fixé par tout
moyen approprié sur ou dans un fond 8.A
La troisième partie 9 de la conduite flexible 4 est reliée, au moins
dans la portion comprenant la zone 10, au corps mort 12, la liaison étant
réalisée au moyen d'un câble ou d'un tirant d'ancrage 13 fixé à une
extrémité sur le corps mort 12 et, à l'autre extrémité, en un point de fixation
14 de ladite troisième partie 9. Le point de fixation 14 peut être constitué par
un collier 15 serré autour de la conduite, le collier 15 pouvant comporter
deux éléments d'axe alignés opposés sur chacun desquels est fixé un câble ou
un tirant d'ancrage 13, les deux tirants d'ancrage, lorsqu'ils sont utilisés,
étant fixés sur un même point d'ancrage 16 du corps mort 12.The
Pour une conduite flexible 4 donnée c'est-à-dire pour une conduite
flexible de diamètre et de structure connus, on détermine le rayon minimum
de courbure ou MBR. Une fois que ce rayon minimum de courbure ou MBR
est connu, on affecte une longueur L au tirant d'ancrage 13 de sorte qu'elle
soit au moins égale audit MBR ce qui a pour effet de limiter la déformation
de la zone 10 à une certaine valeur moyenne, supérieure au MBR de ladite
conduite, qui évite tout endommagement irréversible du type de celui
mentionné dans ladite documentation API.For a given
Une telle réalisation permet déjà d'une part d'aligner la traction de
la conduite sur la résultante de traction sur le ou les tirants, et d'autre part,
lors d'une déviation de la conduite provoquée, par exemple, par des courants
traversiers, de conserver un alignement axial de la conduite de part et d'autre
du collier de serrage 15. De cette manière, la zone 10 de la conduite
présente une courbure moyenne comprise entre deux valeurs extrêmes, le
rayon de courbure nominal étant déterminé en fonction du diamètre de la
conduite et des conditions d'utilisation.Such an achievement already allows on the one hand to align the traction of
driving on the resulting traction on the tie rod (s), and on the other hand,
during a deviation from the pipe caused, for example, by currents
ferries, to maintain an axial alignment of the pipe on both sides
of the
L'arche 5 est reliée au corps mort 12 par un câble ou tirant
d'ancrage 17 dont une extrémité est fixée directement sur ladite arche 5 ou
en un point 18 de liaison de deux petits câbles 19 fixés à la base de ladite
arche 5, l'autre extrémité du câble d'ancrage 17 étant fixé sur le corps mort
12 et, de préférence, sur le point 16 d'ancrage de la conduite flexible 4.The
Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, la zone 10 de la
troisième partie 9 de la conduite flexible 4 traverse un ensemble de vertèbres
articulées 20, ledit ensemble de vertèbres limitant la courbure maximale de
ladite zone à une valeur qui peut être prédéterminée. Dans ce cas, le collier
de serrage 15 peut être monté autour d'une partie de l'ensemble de vertèbres
20 ou entre deux vertèbres 21 dudit ensemble 20 et serré directement autour
de la conduite flexible ; de préférence, le collier de serrage 15 est disposé
sensiblement au milieu de la longueur de l'ensemble de vertèbres 20.
Compte tenu du rayon minimum de courbure MBR de la conduite flexible 4,
on détermine la longueur L' de l'ensemble de vertèbres 20 pour qu'elle soit
au moins égale à deux fois et de préférence à trois fois ledit MBR.According to another embodiment of the invention,
Quant à la longueur L" du tirant d'ancrage de l'arche 5, elle
dépend de la profondeur d'eau P entre la surface 2 et le fond 8, la longueur
L" du tirant d'ancrage 17 déterminant la profondeur d'immersion de ladite
arche 5. La longueur L" est, de préférence, déterminée également en
fonction de l'amplitude des mouvements de la houle et/ou des vagues
susceptibles de se produire dans le secteur d'exploitation, ladite amplitude
pouvant être par exemple de l'ordre de 15 mètre et davantage désignée par
D. L'arche 5 sera immergée à une profondeur au moins égale à D de
manière à réduire le plus possible l'effet des mouvements de la mer sur
ladite arche 5. De préférence, la profondeur d'immersion de l'arche 5 sera
comprise entre 20 et 70 % de la profondeur P et de préférence égale à 50 %.As for the length L "of the anchor rod of the
De ce fait, même avec des mouvements importants de la houle conjugués à des courants traversiers susceptibles de se produire dans l'eau, la conduite flexible ne peut se déformer de manière excessive, la déformation produite restant acceptable autour d'une valeur moyenne de la courbure de la conduite produite par ladite déformation.Therefore, even with large swell movements combined with transverse currents likely to occur in water, the flexible pipe cannot be excessively deformed, the deformation produced remaining acceptable around an average value of the curvature of the pipe produced by said deformation.
Ainsi et grâce à la présente invention, on peut utiliser des longueurs réduites de conduite flexible sans crainte d'une déformation excessive susceptible d'entraíner un endommagement irréversible sur ladite conduite flexible lorsque cette dernière est soumise à des sollicitations hydrodynamiques.Thus and thanks to the present invention, it is possible to use reduced lengths of flexible pipe without fear of deformation excessive likely to cause irreversible damage to said flexible pipe when the latter is subjected to stresses hydrodynamics.
Claims (8)
- A device for transferring fluid between equipment (3) on the seabed (8) and a surface unit (1), of the type comprising at least one flexible pipe (4) extending in a catenary curve, an intermediate buoyancy and support member (5) associated with said pipe (4) and splitting the latter into two parts - an upper part (6) and a lower part (9) - the intermediate member (5) imparting to a region (7) of the upper part (6) a concavity facing the seabed, means (15, 20) for retaining at least one region (10) of the lower part (9) of the pipe (4), said retaining means (15, 20) being connected by connecting means (13) to a fixed member (12) for tensioning said lower part, said fixed member (12) being placed on or in said seabed (8), said retaining means (15, 20) and the fixed member (12) imparting to said region (10) of the lower part of the pipe, a predetermined bend radius the concavity of which faces the equipment on the seabed, the intermediate member (5) being connected to said fixed member (12), wherein said connecting means (13) have a length (L) at least equal to the minimum bend radius (MBR) of said flexible pipe (4).
- The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retaining means consist of a yoke (15) clamped around the flexible pipe (4).
- The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retaining means further comprise a series of vertebrae extending over the bend region (10) of the lower part (9) of the pipe, said series of vertebrae (20) having a length at least equal to three times the minimum bend radius (MBR) of said pipe.
- The device as claimed in claims 2 and 3, wherein the yoke (15) is placed approximately in the middle of the length (L') of the series of vertebrae (20).
- The device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the yoke (15) is mounted around the pipe and between two vertebrae (21).
- The device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, which can be used in shallow water of a given depth (P), wherein the intermediate member consists of an arch (5) which is immersed at a depth of between 20 and 70 % of said given depth (P).
- The device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the arch (5) is connected to the fixed member (12) on the seabed (8) by a tethering cable (17), the length (L") of which determines the depth at which said arch is immersed.
- The device as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the means of tethering the lower part (9) of the flexible pipe (4) and the intermediate element (5) consist of a deadweight (12) comprising a fixed point (16) to which the means (13) of connecting the flexible pipe (4) and the means (17) of connecting the intermediate element (5) are attached.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9709892 | 1997-08-01 | ||
FR9709892A FR2766869B1 (en) | 1997-08-01 | 1997-08-01 | DEVICE FOR TRANSFERRING FLUID BETWEEN A SUBSEA GROUND EQUIPMENT AND A SURFACE UNIT |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0894938A1 EP0894938A1 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
EP0894938B1 true EP0894938B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
Family
ID=9509944
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98401720A Expired - Lifetime EP0894938B1 (en) | 1997-08-01 | 1998-07-07 | Device for transferring fluids between the sea bottom and the surface |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6109833A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0894938B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1208807A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE205578T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU736476B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2244273C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69801623D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0894938T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2162697T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2766869B1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO318728B1 (en) |
OA (1) | OA10868A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA986192B (en) |
Families Citing this family (26)
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NO306826B2 (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 1999-12-27 | Statoilhydro Asa | Device at risers |
AU1283600A (en) * | 1998-11-23 | 2000-06-13 | Foster Wheeler Energy Limited | Tethered buoyant support for risers to a floating production vessel |
US6415828B1 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-07-09 | Fmc Technologies, Inc. | Dual buoy single point mooring and fluid transfer system |
FR2824124B1 (en) | 2001-04-27 | 2003-09-19 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | TUBE OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL COMPRISING AN INTERNAL CARCASS |
FR2826051B1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2003-09-19 | Bouygues Offshore | GROUND-SURFACE CONNECTION INSTALLATION OF A SUBSEA PIPE CONNECTED TO A RISER BY AT LEAST ONE FLEXIBLE PIPE ELEMENT HOLDED BY A BASE |
NO315284B1 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-08-11 | Inocean As | Riser pipe for connection between a vessel and a point on the seabed |
US6763862B2 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2004-07-20 | Fmc Technologies, Inc. | Submerged flowline termination at a single point mooring buoy |
US6688348B2 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2004-02-10 | Fmc Technologies, Inc. | Submerged flowline termination buoy with direct connection to shuttle tanker |
US6558215B1 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2003-05-06 | Fmc Technologies, Inc. | Flowline termination buoy with counterweight for a single point mooring and fluid transfer system |
GB0409361D0 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2004-06-02 | Stolt Offshore Sa | Marine riser tower |
US7191836B2 (en) * | 2004-08-02 | 2007-03-20 | Kellogg Brown & Root Llc | Dry tree subsea well communications apparatus and method using variable tension large offset risers |
US7963721B2 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2011-06-21 | Kellogg Brown & Root Llc | Distributed buoyancy subsea pipeline apparatus and method |
US7025533B1 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-04-11 | Kellogg Brown & Root, Inc. | Concentrated buoyancy subsea pipeline apparatus and method |
FR2888305B1 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2008-12-12 | Technip France Sa | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR CONNECTING A RIGID UNDERWATER DRIVE AND A FLEXIBLE SUBMARINE CONDUCT |
GB2429992A (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-14 | 2H Offshore Engineering Ltd | Production system |
GB2450149A (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-17 | Vetco Gray Controls Ltd | A backup umbilical connection for a well installation |
GB2479109B (en) * | 2009-02-10 | 2012-12-26 | Shell Int Research | Free standing steel catenary risers |
FR2954966B1 (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2012-01-27 | Technip France | SUPPORTING ASSEMBLY OF AT LEAST ONE FLUID TRANSPORT CONDUIT THROUGH A WATER EXTEND, ASSOCIATED INSTALLATION AND METHOD. |
NO336854B1 (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2015-11-16 | Nexans | Modular bending struts |
NO2704945T3 (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2018-03-24 | ||
GB2495287B (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2015-03-11 | Marine Resources Exploration Internat Bv | A riser system for transporting a slurry from a position adjacent to the seabed to a position adjacent to the sea surface |
FR2983233B1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2016-01-01 | Saipem Sa | INSTALLATION OF MULTI-FLEXIBLE FUND-SURFACE LINKS ON AT LEAST TWO LEVELS |
GB2527845B (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2017-04-05 | Subsea 7 Norway As | Anchoring subsea flexible risers |
BR102014028326A2 (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-08-09 | Qualihouse Automação Predial Ltda | automatic detection process of occupancy of parking spaces by vehicles |
CN107630683B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2018-06-22 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | A kind of pipeline structure for exploitation of gas hydrates |
EP3936749B1 (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2024-04-17 | Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S | Method for installing a gas transportation arrangement |
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US4650431A (en) * | 1979-03-28 | 1987-03-17 | Amtel, Inc | Quick disconnect storage production terminal |
NO160914C (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1989-06-14 | Svensen Niels Alf | BUILDING LOADING SYSTEM FOR OFFSHORE PETROLEUM PRODUCTION. |
EP0251488B1 (en) | 1986-06-05 | 1991-11-06 | Bechtel Limited | Flexible riser system and method for installing the same |
FR2627542A1 (en) | 1988-02-24 | 1989-08-25 | Coflexip | DEVICE FOR TRANSFERRING FLUID BETWEEN THE SUB-MARINE BOTTOM AND THE SURFACE |
US5505560A (en) | 1993-10-26 | 1996-04-09 | Offshore Energie Development Corporation (Oecd) | Fluid transfer system for an offshore moored floating unit |
US5639187A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1997-06-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Marine steel catenary riser system |
GB2323876A (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1998-10-07 | Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd | Catenary riser system |
NO960581L (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 1997-08-15 | Kvaerner Oilfield Prod As | Offshore production piping, as well as a method of laying it out |
-
1997
- 1997-08-01 FR FR9709892A patent/FR2766869B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-07-07 DK DK98401720T patent/DK0894938T3/en active
- 1998-07-07 ES ES98401720T patent/ES2162697T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-07 EP EP98401720A patent/EP0894938B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-07 DE DE69801623T patent/DE69801623D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-07 AT AT98401720T patent/ATE205578T1/en active
- 1998-07-13 ZA ZA986192A patent/ZA986192B/en unknown
- 1998-07-14 AU AU76151/98A patent/AU736476B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-07-23 CN CN98116163A patent/CN1208807A/en active Pending
- 1998-07-23 NO NO19983407A patent/NO318728B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-28 CA CA002244273A patent/CA2244273C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-30 OA OA9800123A patent/OA10868A/en unknown
- 1998-08-03 US US09/127,745 patent/US6109833A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO318728B1 (en) | 2005-05-02 |
FR2766869A1 (en) | 1999-02-05 |
ATE205578T1 (en) | 2001-09-15 |
DK0894938T3 (en) | 2002-01-07 |
OA10868A (en) | 2003-02-18 |
CA2244273A1 (en) | 1999-02-01 |
FR2766869B1 (en) | 1999-09-03 |
ZA986192B (en) | 1999-02-02 |
AU7615198A (en) | 1999-02-11 |
US6109833A (en) | 2000-08-29 |
AU736476B2 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
EP0894938A1 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
DE69801623D1 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
NO983407L (en) | 1999-02-02 |
NO983407D0 (en) | 1998-07-23 |
CA2244273C (en) | 2008-04-29 |
CN1208807A (en) | 1999-02-24 |
ES2162697T3 (en) | 2002-01-01 |
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