Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
  • C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
  • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
  • A01G24/18—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing inorganic fibres, e.g. mineral wool
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2213/00—Glass fibres or filaments
  • C03C2213/02—Biodegradable glass fibres

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of artificial mineral wools. It relates more specifically to mineral wools intended for manufacturing thermal and / or acoustic insulation materials or soilless growing substrates, and in particular those more commonly designated by the term glass wool or rock wool.
• the mineral wools of interest to the invention are generally obtained by so-called internal centrifugation fiberizing processes, consisting, schematically, of pouring the vitrifiable raw materials, once in the molten state, inside centrifuges whose peripheral band is pierced with a large number of orifices, from which the melt is projected in the form of filaments which are entrained and drawn into fibers by a gas stream of high temperature and speed at the periphery of the centrifuges.
• internal centrifugation fiberizing processes consisting, schematically, of pouring the vitrifiable raw materials, once in the molten state, inside centrifuges whose peripheral band is pierced with a large number of orifices, from which the melt is projected in the form of filament
• Kl an index which makes it possible to classify mineral wool into different categories, in particular a category called category III corresponding to mineral wools whose Kl index is greater than 30 and less than 40, and a category corresponding to mineral wools with a Kl index of at least 40.
• a Kl index of 30 to 40 already constitutes a first index of non-harmfulness of the wools, which must then be confirmed by additional tests.
• a Kl index of at least 40 makes it possible to consider the mineral wools as non-harmful, without having to resort to additional tests.
• This Kl index involves the weight percentages of alkali metal oxides Na 2 0 and K 2 0, alkaline earth metals CaO, MgO and BaO, alumina Al 2 0 3 and boron oxide B 2 0 3 as follows:
• the invention sets itself the goal of developing new mineral wool compositions, in particular of the type obtained by internal centrifugation, in particular glass wool, which has a biodegradable character, resulting in particular in a value d 'index K1 greater than 30, and even, preferably at least 40, without this property being obtained at the expense of other advantageous properties, in particular in terms of fibrability, temperature resistance or mechanical properties, while taking into account, and limiting as much as possible, the manufacturing costs, and in particular those linked to the choice of vitrifiable raw materials.
• the subject of the invention is a mineral wool of an artificial type capable of dissolving in a physiological medium and which comprises, in weight percentages, the following constituents:
• Fe 2 0 3 total iron expressed in this form 0 to 3% with RO: the oxides of the elements of column 2a of the periodic table, including CaO, MgO, BaO and SrO,
• R 2 0 the oxides of column 1 a of the periodic table, of which
• compositions according to the invention is the result of a very advantageous compromise between different parameters, which has made it possible to confer on mineral wool the desired properties without appreciably increasing the manufacturing constraints linked to the fiber drawing technique employed or their production cost.
• the CaO / MgO ratio according to the relatively high relationship (e) makes it possible to increase this hydrolytic resistance at best, the calcium oxide playing a very favorable role with respect to this property. It is however not unnecessary to also provide for the presence, even in much lower contents than CaO, of magnesium oxide MgO. Indeed, accepting a certain content of MgO in the composition of the fibers allows the use of a high level of cullet in the batch materials used, which obviously goes in the direction of reducing production costs, and in particular concerning raw materials. It can be noted in this connection that HERE is understood by cullet recycled glass, which can be of various origins, in particular which can come from glass fibers, flat glass or hollow glass.
• alkaline oxides R 2 0, generally comprising mainly Na 2 0, and minimally K 2 0, defined by relation (c)
• this plays rather to "complete" the oxide contents of boron and alkaline earth oxides CaO, MgO and BaO in order to reach the index value K1 of 40.
• a minimum level of alkalis is required to play the well-known role of flux; this rate of at least 1 4.2% in fact often characterizes the so-called glass wool compared to the so-called rock wool.
• the upper limit for alkaline oxides was also chosen as a function of the durability targeted for mineral wool: it was indeed found that excessive Na 2 0 contents could lead to a fairly significant reduction, in particular, the hydrolytic resistance of mineral wool
• the ratio of the sum of alkaline earth oxides and the sum of alkaline oxides RO / R 2 0 as selected in relation (d) is advantageous for several reasons: this ratio is framed by two values which make it possible to adjust the better the “share” of alkaline earth oxides RO compared to that of alkaline oxides R 2 0 in the Kl index
• the maximum value of 0.95 is important in that it guarantees that the batch materials can be easily fiberized by internal cent ⁇ fugation a ratio which exceeds this threshold would tend to increase under too important conditions the liquidus temperature and to decrease too much the "working stage", which is in fact the range of temperatures where it is possible to fiberize by internal cent ⁇ fugation, working level ⁇ T which can be defined conventionally by the difference between the temperature T, og 2 5 at which the melt of the batch materials reaches a viscosity, in poise, corresponding to log 2, 5 and the temperature of liquidus
• T q T q .
• the minimum value of 0.70 can also be justified both for reasons of cost and industrial feasibility • it is a good compromise in the sense that we maintain a sufficient level of work, without having an excessive proportion in alkaline compared to alkaline earth, which would be disadvantageous in terms of cost of raw materials.
• the alumina content Al 2 0 3 is preferably, according to the relation (g), confined to low or even zero values, firstly because it tends to lower the value of the index Kl - the more the alumina level, the more we must, in parallel, increase twice the level of alkali oxides and / or alkaline earth oxides and / or boron oxide to keep the K1 index constant. This tends, moreover, to reduce by as much the levels of the other constituents not mentioned in the calculation of the index K1, and in particular silica, which directly influences the viscosity of the batch materials, by tending to lower it.
• alumina can be present in very low levels, as that impurity brought for example by the raw material carrying silica.
• adding a little alumina tends to have a favorable effect on the durability of the mineral blade, in particular on its hydrolytic resistance.
• the silica content it is of course an essential component of mineral wool, it is here variable within a range of values which are ultimately quite low, which is in particular due to the high content, moreover, of the mineral blade in alkaline earth oxides RO and with a choice of a Kl index greater than 30 and in particular at least 40
• the index Kl explained above is chosen, if it is desired to be at least 40, between 40 and 42, in particular between 40.2 and
• the invention has selected preferred areas of contents within the ranges defined above.
• the sum of the contents of alkaline earth oxides RO is adjusted between 1 4 and 1 7% in particular between 1 5 and 1 6%.
• Another preferred range is from 1 3.5 to 14.5%.
• alkaline oxides R 2 0 can be chosen between 15 and 22%, in particular between 1 7 and 20%.
• a preferred range is also the following: 1 7 to 21%, in particular 1 8 to 20.7%
• the RO / R 2 0 ratio is preferably between 0.70 and 0.94, in particular between 0.75 and 0.85.
• the ratio of CaO / MgO contents is preferably greater than or equal to 1.9, in particular between 2.2 and 14.
• the silica content is preferably between 48 and 58.5%, especially 48 and 58%, especially 55 to 57% or 55 to 58.5%.
• the alumina level is either zero or close to zero, or between 0.3 and 2.5%, preferably between 0.5 and 1.5% or 0.5 and 2%. A value of around 2% is advantageous.
• the boron oxide level is preferably between 5 and 9%, in particular between 5.2 and 8% or 5 to 7%.
• constituents not yet discussed, and in particular iron can be included in the mineral composition. It can be absent, or present only in the form of a trace as impurities. We can thus foresee a certain rate.
• its percentage content by weight of iron expressed as total iron in the form Fe 2 0 3 is therefore chosen between 0 and 3%, preferably 0, 1 to 2%: its presence can in particular be justified by the fact that it tends to protect the corrosion plates from corrosion.
• alkaline earth family mainly lime CaO and magnesia MgO are used; other alkaline earths such as barium oxide BaO may not be used at all.
• barium oxide BaO barium oxide
• a moderate rate of BaO in particular between 0 and 3%, for example between 0.01 and 2%. Indeed, its presence can facilitate fiberizing.
• the fibers according to the invention can comprise different minority constituents. Thus, they can each comprise the following compounds in a weight percentage of at most 3%: ZnO, Ti0 2 , SrO, Li 2 0, F, MnO,
• the sum of the weight percentages of these compounds remains less than 5%.
• the mineral wool according to the invention has the following composition, in weight percentages: Si0 2 55.2 - 58.3%
• the mineral wool according to the invention has an average diameter of between 1 and 10 micrometers, and is in particular of the type of that used for manufacturing thermal and / or acoustic insulation products or soilless growing substrates.
• the chemical compositions as defined above are entirely suitable for a fiber-drawing technique by internal centrifugation. They make it possible in particular to carry out the fiberizing in a working stage (defined above) of at least 30 ° C., in particular of at least 50 ° C., in particular between 50 and 100 ° C., bearing sufficiently wide so as not to having to significantly upset the proven techniques and having, only possibly, to best adjust the operating conditions, in particular the size and distribution of the orifices of the peripheral strip of the centrifuge plates.
• the liquidus temperature encountered is generally below
• 1 1 50 ° C in particular less than 1 1 00 ° C, and preferably between
• 0g2 5 ie here the temperature at which the viscosity of the melt to be fiberized is log 2.5 expressed in poises, is generally between 990 ° C and 1 01 0 ° C.
• the mineral wools according to the invention have a satisfactory level of hydrolytic resistance: the results of the DGG test are at most 50 mg / g, in particular at most 40 mg / g, in particular around 20 to 35 mg / g.
• this so-called DGG test consists in immersing 10 grams of ground glass, the grain size of which is between 360 and 400 micrometers, in 100 milliliters of boiling water for 5 hours. After rapid cooling, the solution is filtered and a determined volume of the filtrate is evaporated to dryness. The weight of the dry matter obtained makes it possible to calculate the quantity of glass dissolved in water, this quantity state expressed in milligrams per gram of glass tested. The lower this value, the more the glass will be considered as resistant to water attack: values of the order of 20 to 35 mg / g correspond to glasses having a high resistance.
• the chemical compositions according to the invention have the advantage of being particularly compatible with the recycling of cullet in raw materials: it is thus possible to obtain mineral wool from vitrifiable materials which may contain up to 80% by weight of cullet .
• the invention also relates to all products incorporating at least part of the mineral wool of the predefined composition, in particular all products for thermal and / or acoustic insulation and for soilless growing substrates.
• D a first series of examples 1 to 4 relate to mineral wool compositions with a boron oxide content of approximately 7.5 to 7.5% by weight, with a Kl index classifying them in the Kl category of at least 40
• D a second series of examples 5 to 9 relate to mineral wool compositions with a boron oxide content varying from 5.2 to 8.2% by weight, with an index
• Example 1 0 relates to a mineral wool composition containing barium oxide, with Kl index classifying it in the Kl category of at least
• Examples 1 1 and 1 2 relate to mineral wool compositions with a variable MgO content, and / or with a variable MgO / CaO ratio, while maintaining an MgO + CaO sum of 1.5% and contents of all other constituents identical or close to those of Example 1, with indices
• O example 1 3 relates to a composition of mineral wool with a slightly higher level of alumina and of boron oxide than in the previous examples, with an index Kl classifying it in category III, at Kl between 30 and 40.
• the contents are to be understood in percentages by weight.
• the sum of all the contents of all the compounds is slightly less than 100%, it is to be understood that the residual level corresponds to the non-analyzed impurities and / or minority components. If, on the contrary, it is slightly higher than 1 00%, the reason comes from the tolerances allowed on analyzes in this area.
• Table 1 below groups together, in a first part, the chemical compositions of the fibers according to all of the previous examples, and, in a second part, the values of RO, R 2 0, the CaO / MgO ratios and the Kl index. as defined above: TABLE 1
• compositions respect an index value K1 of at least 30, and preferably at least 40, with variations, the person skilled in the art being able to choose from these various possibilities according to the characteristic technique he wants to favor: by reasoning in terms of raw material costs, it is preferable to choose compositions with a B 2 0 3 rate of less than 7 or 8%.
• the invention has developed, in Example 3, a satisfactory formulation with a very low B 2 0 3 content of 5.2%.
• Barium oxide is optional, as are iron and alumina.

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• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-01-14 FR FR9700259A patent/FR2758322B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-03-07 US US08/814,176 patent/US6060413A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1998
  • 1998-01-13 AU AU58708/98A patent/AU741801B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1998-01-13 HU HU9901803A patent/HUP9901803A3/hu unknown
  • 1998-01-13 CZ CZ982931A patent/CZ293198A3/cs unknown
  • 1998-01-13 KR KR1019980707242A patent/KR20000064588A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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  • 1998-01-13 JP JP10530610A patent/JP2000507199A/ja active Pending
  • 1998-01-13 EP EP98902070A patent/EP0891309A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-01-13 CA CA002248941A patent/CA2248941A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-01-13 TR TR1998/01821T patent/TR199801821T1/xx unknown
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