EP0890012B1 - Method for the manufacture and use of wooden frame pieces for use in window frames and door frames - Google Patents
Method for the manufacture and use of wooden frame pieces for use in window frames and door frames Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0890012B1 EP0890012B1 EP97916357A EP97916357A EP0890012B1 EP 0890012 B1 EP0890012 B1 EP 0890012B1 EP 97916357 A EP97916357 A EP 97916357A EP 97916357 A EP97916357 A EP 97916357A EP 0890012 B1 EP0890012 B1 EP 0890012B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- piece
- channel
- impregnation
- channels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/96—Corner joints or edge joints for windows, doors, or the like frames or wings
- E06B3/984—Corner joints or edge joints for windows, doors, or the like frames or wings specially adapted for frame members of wood or other material worked in a similar way
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
Definitions
- the invention concerns a method for the manufacture of wooden frame pieces for use in window frames and door frames, said frame pieces being provided with concealed channels in which impregnation agents can be introduced for the protection of the wood against dry-rot and mould fungus, and where the channels open out on the outer side of the frame for the filling of the agents, and also the use of the frame parts manufactured by the method.
- Wood has a long tradition as a building material, and it is used to an increasing degree where it can fulfil the requirements for strength and maintenance. Wood is namely a material which is very environment friendly, the reason being that it immediately enters into the organic cycle.
- Such chemical treatment can consist either of a surface protection, where use is made of chemical impregnation agents for protection against dry-rot and mould fungus, or by giving the wooden item an application of a solution of impregnation agents which wholly or partly spread into the wood.
- Such impregnated wood is used to a great extent for wooden constructions, in that it is well protected and herewith stable, but at the same time the wood is a threat to the environment because of the relatively high content of heavy metals and organic solvents.
- this known method is encumbered with some disadvantages, mainly that the grooves and the channels must extend at an angle in the frame since they must be implemented from the outside and inwards, which is not only relatively difficult to perform for the reason that precision is required to ensure the necessary channel connections, but also that it requires some form of drill gauge or guide in order for the angularly-extending channel system to be produced with the requisite precision.
- the distribution of the impregnation agent in the channel is not uniform, the result of which can be that there will be zones which receive too great a supply of impregnation agent, or there will be zones which are weakly impregnated because of an inadequate supply.
- the impregnation agents dissolved in liquid distribute themselves mainly through the wood grain. Since the grain normally extends longitudinally in the item, the impregnation agent will distribute itself more easily in the longitudinal direction than transversely. However, this is difficult to take into consideration when the channel extends at an angle through the item. Moreover, the transverse extension of the channel system through the grains constitutes a weakening of the wood.
- the invention by manufacturing frame pieces so that the individual frame pieces during manafacture and before assembly are provided with at least one channel which extends longitudinally to and around the middle of the piece, and by providing a hole extending at right-angles hereto between the channel and the side surface of the piece, in a surprisingly simple manner there is achieved a channel system which is not only simple to configure, since it solely comprises channels which extend parallel with the remaining working operations on the item, but which also lies in the centre zone of the item, whereby the radial distance to the surface of the item is substantially uniform.
- the channel can be produced in standard items, since no significant weakening of the wood occurs due to the positioning and extension of the channels respectively around the middle and longitudinally through the item.
- the method is suitable for the manufacture of frames in a rational manner and, since the frame can be protected by a subsequent introduction of impregnation agents, the possibility is provided for the use of unimpregnated wood. There is hereby achieved the most environment-friendly production and maintenance of the wood, and surface treatment such as painting can hereby be undertaken immediately after the manufacture of the frame.
- profile lists can be used in the production.
- a number of frame pieces are involved, namely an upper piece 1, two side pieces 2, a lower piece 3 and possibly a transverse window bar 4 and a vertical window bar 5.
- the upper piece 1, one end of which is shown in fig. 2, comprises a possibly profiled wooden item which in different ways can be provided with rabbets etc.
- two longitudinal holes are also provided, channels 6, a suitable distance inside the frame piece 1, corresponding to the extent of the desired area for the subsequent impregnation.
- a transverse hole 7 is provided which extends through the two channels 6 and ends on the side of the frame piece at either the one or both side surfaces.
- Two screws 11 are used for the closing of the channels 6, but other methods of closing can be envisaged such as plugs or the like which seal off the channels 6.
- assembly joints such as scarf joints or the like are provided between the upper frame 1 and the side frame 2.
- the side frame 2 which is shown in fig. 3, is provided with three channels 6 and a transverse channel 7.
- the two outermost channels 6 are closed with screws 11, whereas the centre channel 6 is provided with a limited opening via a hole in a screw.
- This screw 12 is shown more clearly in fig. 6, in which the hole 13 through the screw can be seen.
- the impregnation fluid in the central channel 6 will be able to seep through the opening 13 in the screw 12 and into the side frame 2.
- the transverse bar 4 which is shown in fig. 4, is provided with three channels 6, a connection channel 7, two closing screws 11 and a through-flow screw 12.
- tracks 10 in which lists 9 can be placed and glued are configured opposite the recesses 8.
- the channels 6, 8 and the transverse channels 7 will be positioned and connected with one another in such a manner that an impregnation fluid, which is introduced via the channels 7, will spread to the places in the frame where the channels 6, 8 are placed.
- an impregnation fluid which is introduced via the channels 7, will spread to the places in the frame where the channels 6, 8 are placed.
- the transverse channels 7 are closed or plugged with a screw 11 or similar tight-sealing plug. With subsequent filling with impregnation fluid, this screw or plug is removed before the filling, after which the channels are closed again.
- the outside surface of the frame pieces 1-4 is configured with a track 14 into which the list 15 can be pressed and secured, e.g. by gluing.
- the track 14 finishes at a distance from the end, while that shown on the under frame 3, see fig. 10, extends for the whole length of the frame piece.
- one of these frame pieces in the assembled frame will be able to be filled with flowing impregnation agent through the transverse holes 7, which are thereafter closed with a screw 11 or the like.
- FIG. 11 there is shown an example of a frame where the top of upper frame piece 1 is configured with a channel 8 which is dimensioned in such a manner that it can serve as a reservoir for the impregnation agent.
- This channel 8 can be closed at the top with a list 9, as shown in fig. 5, or 15 as shown in figs. 9 and 10.
- the advantage gained hereby is that the agent can seep from this reservoir down through the side pieces 2 to the lower piece 3. Moreover, it is easier to mill or to saw a channel in long frame pieces than to drill a channel from the end of the piece, since the length of the drill sets a limit for how long the drilled channel can extend in the piece.
- Subsequent introduction of impregnation agent can be effected by re-filling the channel with the agent.
- a channel 8 in the rabbet which can be covered with a list and which, moreover, is concealed and protected by the window frame when the window is closed.
- frames which are environment-friendly can be produced, and which can be effectively impregnated by filling the internally-lying channel system with impregnation fluid.
- the optimum security is hereby achieved against attack by dry-rot and mould, whereby the demands regarding maintenance of the frame are fulfilled.
- the filling with impregnation fluid can be effected in any known manner, e.g. by injection pump, and can be carried out either from the outside or from the inside at the opening to the channel 7.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Joining Of Corner Units Of Frames Or Wings (AREA)
- Door And Window Frames Mounted To Openings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The invention concerns a method for the manufacture of wooden frame pieces for use in window frames and door frames, said frame pieces being provided with concealed channels in which impregnation agents can be introduced for the protection of the wood against dry-rot and mould fungus, and where the channels open out on the outer side of the frame for the filling of the agents, and also the use of the frame parts manufactured by the method.
- Wood has a long tradition as a building material, and it is used to an increasing degree where it can fulfil the requirements for strength and maintenance. Wood is namely a material which is very environment friendly, the reason being that it immediately enters into the organic cycle.
- Where wood is exposed to damp, and particularly where it is permanently influenced by moisture, it is necessary to protect the wood. This can either be effected constructively, where the wooden construction is configured for protection against the influence of water, or it can be effected by chemical treatment of the wood.
- Such chemical treatment can consist either of a surface protection, where use is made of chemical impregnation agents for protection against dry-rot and mould fungus, or by giving the wooden item an application of a solution of impregnation agents which wholly or partly spread into the wood.
- Such impregnated wood is used to a great extent for wooden constructions, in that it is well protected and herewith stable, but at the same time the wood is a threat to the environment because of the relatively high content of heavy metals and organic solvents.
- To this can be added the disadvantages and inconveniences which are connected with the handling of the impregnated wood, the reason being that the persons involved are exposed to the air-borne toxic influence, or by the direct contact with the impregnation agents. Moreover, the impregnation agents wear out the cutting tools during the working of the wood, and it can also take up to several weeks before the surface treatment of impregnated wood can take place.
- In order to avoid these disadvantges and inconveniences, there is a need for the use of unimpregnated wood in the manufacture of, among other things, frames for windows and doors. However, this most often necessitates the subsequent protection of the finished frames against attacks of dry-rot and mould fungus.
- An example of such a subsequent impregnation of a mounted window frame is known from
GB 2,11,282. The method known from this publication comprises the milling of grooves along the frame piece and the drilling of channels in the frame piece, said grooves and channels being mutually connected in such a manner that impregnation agents can be introduced into the channels and spread into the wood, hereby impregnating the frame. - However, this known method is encumbered with some disadvantages, mainly that the grooves and the channels must extend at an angle in the frame since they must be implemented from the outside and inwards, which is not only relatively difficult to perform for the reason that precision is required to ensure the necessary channel connections, but also that it requires some form of drill gauge or guide in order for the angularly-extending channel system to be produced with the requisite precision.
- Furthermore, the distribution of the impregnation agent in the channel is not uniform, the result of which can be that there will be zones which receive too great a supply of impregnation agent, or there will be zones which are weakly impregnated because of an inadequate supply. The impregnation agents dissolved in liquid distribute themselves mainly through the wood grain. Since the grain normally extends longitudinally in the item, the impregnation agent will distribute itself more easily in the longitudinal direction than transversely. However, this is difficult to take into consideration when the channel extends at an angle through the item. Moreover, the transverse extension of the channel system through the grains constitutes a weakening of the wood.
- According to the invention, by manufacturing frame pieces so that the individual frame pieces during manafacture and before assembly are provided with at least one channel which extends longitudinally to and around the middle of the piece, and by providing a hole extending at right-angles hereto between the channel and the side surface of the piece, in a surprisingly simple manner there is achieved a channel system which is not only simple to configure, since it solely comprises channels which extend parallel with the remaining working operations on the item, but which also lies in the centre zone of the item, whereby the radial distance to the surface of the item is substantially uniform.
- This ensures an even distribution of the impregnation agent throughout the whole area around the channel. Moreover, the channel can be produced in standard items, since no significant weakening of the wood occurs due to the positioning and extension of the channels respectively around the middle and longitudinally through the item.
- Therefore, the method is suitable for the manufacture of frames in a rational manner and, since the frame can be protected by a subsequent introduction of impregnation agents, the possibility is provided for the use of unimpregnated wood. There is hereby achieved the most environment-friendly production and maintenance of the wood, and surface treatment such as painting can hereby be undertaken immediately after the manufacture of the frame.
- As disclosed in
claim 1, by providing a channel on the upper side of the upper frame piece, this will be able to function as an impregnation agent reservoir from which the agent can seep down through the side pieces to the bottom piece, when the frame is assembled. - This distribution is particularly expedient, in that this is often the same way as moisture in the wood will spread. Consequently, the frame becomes impregnated at precisely the place where there is the greatest need. Furthermore, a subsequent filling of impregnation agent is reduced to a simple filling-up of this overlying reservoir in the upper frame.
- By producing the channel as a groove which is subsequently closed, the same possibility is achieved for a rational production without unnecessary weaking of the item.
- As disclosed in
claim 2, by using a strip with a groove for insertion, a simple and effective production of the groove is achieved, since chips etc. can be removed before assembly of the parts. - As disclosed in
claim 3, by closing the groove by means of a loose wooden piece, which is glued in, profile lists can be used in the production. - As disclosed in
claim 4, by only partly closing the channel's opening at the end, a seeping-out of impregnation agent can be ensured for protection of the exposed end wood and the assembly itself. - As disclosed in
claim 5, by using a screw with a through-going hole for this purpose, it is simple to ensure a suitable passage of the impregnation agent. - In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, which shows example embodiments of items, and where
- fig.1
- shows an example of a window frame made of frame pieces according to the invention,
- fig. 2
- shows a part of the upper frame,
- fig. 3
- shows a part of the side frame,
- fig. 4
- shows a part of the window bar,
- fig. 5
- shows a part of the lower frame,
- fig. 6
- shows a screw with through-going hole,
- fig. 7
- shows a second embodiment of the upper frame,
- fig. 8
- shows a corresponding side frame,
- fig. 9
- shows a corresponding window bar,
- fig. 10
- shows a corresponding lower frame, and
- fig. 11
- shows a second example of a window frame with overlying channels.
- The method according to the invention will be described in connection with a discussion of the example embodiments which are shown in figs. 2-5, figs. 7-10 and fig. 11 respectively.
- In the manufacture of a window frame, which can appear as shown in fig. 1, a number of frame pieces are involved, namely an
upper piece 1, twoside pieces 2, alower piece 3 and possibly atransverse window bar 4 and avertical window bar 5. - The
upper piece 1, one end of which is shown in fig. 2, comprises a possibly profiled wooden item which in different ways can be provided with rabbets etc. According to the invention, two longitudinal holes are also provided,channels 6, a suitable distance inside theframe piece 1, corresponding to the extent of the desired area for the subsequent impregnation. - At a suitable distance inside the frame piece, a
transverse hole 7 is provided which extends through the twochannels 6 and ends on the side of the frame piece at either the one or both side surfaces. - Two
screws 11 are used for the closing of thechannels 6, but other methods of closing can be envisaged such as plugs or the like which seal off thechannels 6. - In a commonly-known manner, assembly joints such as scarf joints or the like are provided between the
upper frame 1 and theside frame 2. - The
side frame 2, which is shown in fig. 3, is provided with threechannels 6 and atransverse channel 7. - The two
outermost channels 6 are closed withscrews 11, whereas thecentre channel 6 is provided with a limited opening via a hole in a screw. - This
screw 12 is shown more clearly in fig. 6, in which thehole 13 through the screw can be seen. - Upon assembly of the
upper frame 1 with theside frame 2, the impregnation fluid in thecentral channel 6 will be able to seep through theopening 13 in thescrew 12 and into theside frame 2. - Corresponding to the
side frame 2, thetransverse bar 4, which is shown in fig. 4, is provided with threechannels 6, aconnection channel 7, two closingscrews 11 and a through-flow screw 12. - Finally, in fig. 5 is shown the
lower frame 3, in which the channels are configured asrecesses 8 from underneath and into the frame, said recesses being concluded at a distance from the end. - Moreover, tracks 10 in which lists 9 can be placed and glued are configured opposite the
recesses 8. - There are hereby formed two
channels 8 which are mutually connected to atransverse channel 7. - By means of the frame pieces 1-5 thus manufactured, it is possible to assemble a window frame such as that shown as an example in fig. 1.
- When the frame has been assembled, the
channels transverse channels 7 will be positioned and connected with one another in such a manner that an impregnation fluid, which is introduced via thechannels 7, will spread to the places in the frame where thechannels - When the fluid has been introduced, the
transverse channels 7 are closed or plugged with ascrew 11 or similar tight-sealing plug. With subsequent filling with impregnation fluid, this screw or plug is removed before the filling, after which the channels are closed again. - The embodiment examples of frame pieces shown in figs. 7-10 are correspondingly provided with channels.
- In this case, use is made of a
list 15 which is provided with alongitudinal groove 16. - The outside surface of the frame pieces 1-4 is configured with a
track 14 into which thelist 15 can be pressed and secured, e.g. by gluing. - As shown in figs. 7, 8 and 9, the
track 14 finishes at a distance from the end, while that shown on the underframe 3, see fig. 10, extends for the whole length of the frame piece. - Consequently, in the example shown in fig. 10, there is a small groove-filling
piece 17 placed in eachgroove 16, which is hereby closed at a distance from the end. - As shown in figs. 3 and 9, at the end of the
side frame 2 andtransverse window bar 4 there is mounted ascrew 12 with passage for the through-flow of impregnation fluid to the assembly place. - Also with this embodiment, one of these frame pieces in the assembled frame will be able to be filled with flowing impregnation agent through the
transverse holes 7, which are thereafter closed with ascrew 11 or the like. - Finally, in fig. 11 there is shown an example of a frame where the top of
upper frame piece 1 is configured with achannel 8 which is dimensioned in such a manner that it can serve as a reservoir for the impregnation agent. - This
channel 8 can be closed at the top with alist 9, as shown in fig. 5, or 15 as shown in figs. 9 and 10. - The advantage gained hereby is that the agent can seep from this reservoir down through the
side pieces 2 to thelower piece 3. Moreover, it is easier to mill or to saw a channel in long frame pieces than to drill a channel from the end of the piece, since the length of the drill sets a limit for how long the drilled channel can extend in the piece. - Subsequent introduction of impregnation agent can be effected by re-filling the channel with the agent.
- Correspondingly, in the
lower piece 3 from the top there is configured achannel 8 in the rabbet, which can be covered with a list and which, moreover, is concealed and protected by the window frame when the window is closed. - By means of this method, frames which are environment-friendly can be produced, and which can be effectively impregnated by filling the internally-lying channel system with impregnation fluid.
- It is hereby possible to continuously ensure effective maintenance by the introduction of further impregnation fluid, either of the same kind or of another composition.
- The optimum security is hereby achieved against attack by dry-rot and mould, whereby the demands regarding maintenance of the frame are fulfilled. The filling with impregnation fluid can be effected in any known manner, e.g. by injection pump, and can be carried out either from the outside or from the inside at the opening to the
channel 7. - In the foregoing, the method and its use are described with reference to a window frame and door frame but, of course, there will be nothing to prevent the execution of the method with other similar wooden constructions.
Claims (5)
- Method for the manufacture of a frame made of an upper frame piece, a lower frame piece and side frame pieces of wood for use in windows and doors, said frame pieces being provided with concealed channels into which impregnation agents can be introduced for protection of the wood against dry-rot and mould, and where the channels open out on the outer side of the frame for the filling with the agents, the individual frame pieces (1-5) being provided in their manufacture with at least one channel (6, 8, 16) which extends longitudinally to and around the centre of the piece (1-5), and in that a hole (7) extending substantially at right-angles hereto is configured between the channel (6, 8, 16) and the side surface of the piece (1-5), characterized in that a channel (8) is formed on the upper side of the frame piece (1).
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel is comprised of a groove (16) in a list (15) which is inserted in the groove in the frame piece.
- Method according to claim 2 , characterized in that each groove (8, 16) is closed at the ends of the piece by means of a filling-out piece (17) which is glued in the groove.
- Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the channel (6) or the groove (16) is only partly closed at the ends of the piece (1-5).
- Method according to claim 4, characterized in that a screw (12) with a through-going hole (13) is used for the partial closing.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK34796 | 1996-03-26 | ||
DK34796 | 1996-03-26 | ||
PCT/DK1997/000136 WO1997036080A1 (en) | 1996-03-26 | 1997-03-26 | Method for the manufacture and use of wooden frame pieces for use in window frames and door frames |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0890012A1 EP0890012A1 (en) | 1999-01-13 |
EP0890012B1 true EP0890012B1 (en) | 2001-10-24 |
Family
ID=8092501
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97916357A Expired - Lifetime EP0890012B1 (en) | 1996-03-26 | 1997-03-26 | Method for the manufacture and use of wooden frame pieces for use in window frames and door frames |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0890012B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE207577T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2503897A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69707657T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0890012T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997036080A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2400815B (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2006-11-01 | Ian Malcolm Robertson | A method of making wooden objects, preferably for use in the manufacture of window or door frames and beams for structural use |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2113282B (en) * | 1981-12-24 | 1985-07-17 | Ian Malcolm Robertson | Wood preservation |
SE441255C (en) * | 1982-05-06 | 1988-12-06 | Dicker Paul Erik | PROCEDURES BEFORE DIFFUSION IMPROVEMENT OF TREE CONSTRUCTIONS WHICH DEPART WITH TREASURER PROCEDURES PRESENTED IN THE WOOD |
GB2130936A (en) * | 1982-11-10 | 1984-06-13 | Ian Malcolm Robertson | Method and apparatus for forming inclined bores in a wooden member |
-
1997
- 1997-03-26 AT AT97916357T patent/ATE207577T1/en active
- 1997-03-26 EP EP97916357A patent/EP0890012B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-26 DK DK97916357T patent/DK0890012T3/en active
- 1997-03-26 WO PCT/DK1997/000136 patent/WO1997036080A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-03-26 AU AU25038/97A patent/AU2503897A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-03-26 DE DE69707657T patent/DE69707657T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0890012T3 (en) | 2002-02-04 |
ATE207577T1 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
DE69707657T2 (en) | 2002-07-11 |
AU2503897A (en) | 1997-10-17 |
DE69707657D1 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
WO1997036080A1 (en) | 1997-10-02 |
EP0890012A1 (en) | 1999-01-13 |
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