EP0887495A1 - Coupling system for electronic locking devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The electronically controlled coupling system is used between a rotary drive element (1) and a rotary driven element (2) of a lock mechanism, positioned along a common axis. One of the rotary elements is provided with a spring-loaded pin (7), cooperating with a cam surface (9) provided by the other rotary element, to provide a rotational coupling between them, upon linear displacement of one of the rotary elements (2) into a defined axial position, via an electronically-controlled operating drive.

Description

The invention relates to an electronically controlled coupling system for use in electronic locking devices, after entering a valid Authorization of this coupling system is limited by an electrical signal is effectively controlled, so that then a manual operation from the outside accessible drive axis via the coupling system the actuation of a Output axis and the mechanical locking element connected to it Closure device causes.

A coupling system is described in utility model G 89 14 281.U1, in which a rotatable drive element electronically controlled with a rotatable Output element is coupled and decoupled. The coupling takes place against spring pressure through an electromagnet. The coupling remains as long as the magnet remains energized. If the current supply is ended, the spring decouples.

The disadvantage of this solution is that not between the two possible Direction of rotation is distinguished. Both for unlocking and for that To lock, an authorization must first be entered in order to lock the coupling system activate. It would be much more convenient for the user if the coupling system were in Locking direction would always be coupled, so that locking without any authorization would always be possible. Another disadvantage is that the Current must be maintained until the operation is completed is. Since an average duration of several seconds is assumed must be, this solution causes considerable power consumption, which one desirable battery operation may not appear to make sense.

In the European patent EP 0 434 635 A1 a device is presented in which an electric motor extends or retracts bolts via gears. In the chain of Gears a coupling is arranged, which is inserted by inserting a key a spring is released. The disengaged coupling causes direct through the key can now be moved the bolt without turning the engine must become. After pulling out the key, the spring force returns coupled. This procedure is also the same as the one previously presented Solution to mention the disadvantage that not between the two possible directions of rotation a distinction is made and therefore also for locking the key is needed.

The published patent application DE 195 02 288 A1 describes two axially aligned ones Coupling organs described that with their mutually facing end sections matched positive locking elements are formed. The inner coupling organ is from a first by means of an electronically controlled bistable magnet axial decoupled position adjustable in a second axial coupling position. As with the other two methods, the disadvantage is that not a distinction is made between unlocking and locking. There are other disadvantages in that the magnet must be made in a relatively large size and that in addition, because of the shifting work to be carried out, a considerable electricity requirement in It must be bought what a desirable battery operation as does not make sense.

The object of the invention is to realize a coupling system which in Locking direction is always coupled, so that no authorization input for locking and no activation of the coupling system is required. This task will solved by the measures characterized in claims 1 and 2.

Another important object of the invention is to present a coupling system where - regardless of the respective status of the driving links to each other - the engagement and disengagement despite a short-term current supply is ultimately always guaranteed. This task is solved by the im Claim 6 marked measures.

The measures characterized in claim 1 ensure that in mutual engagement position is caused only in one direction of entrainment. In the coupling system rotates in the other direction of rotation despite the mutual presence Intervention free through. Such an arrangement is e.g. can be used advantageously if the driven mechanical locking element mechanically after the opening process automatically returns to the locked position.

The measures characterized in claim 2 are brought about. that in the an engagement position just a carry when turning clockwise and at the other engagement position only one take when turning counterclockwise he follows. This means that the driven in the network of the closure device Locking element only open in one position, only in the other position can be closed. This makes it possible to keep the locking device in to leave that engagement position that a closing or locking enables. The operator can thus do so without entering an authorization conveniently lock at any time, which brings the security effect of the system into practice Use will improve significantly.

The measures characterized in claim 3 are brought about. that the two Rotating elements can be manufactured more cost-effectively than the alternative 2 described rotating element with two engagement positions.

The measure characterized in claim 4 ensures that the Pulling out of each of the two engagement positions independently of each other Status of the driving links of the two rotating elements is always possible.

The measures characterized in claim 5 have the effect that a Partial rotation of the drive axle is sufficient to reach the engagement position.

The measures characterized in claim 6 ensure that Engaging the two rotary elements in the mutual engagement position or that Disengagement in freewheel position regardless of the position of the drive links to each other can ultimately always be carried out. Stand the take-away limbs of the two rotating elements during the work of the electronically controlled Drive in positions that allow engagement without mutual contact, is engaged directly during the drive process. However, it happens during the drive process to physical contact of the limbs two rotating elements, which prevents immediate engagement or disengagement, the work performed by the drive is absorbed by springs and temporarily stored. At Later rotation of one of the two rotating elements is then the input or Disengagement caused by spring force as soon as a position of the rotating elements to each other is reached, in which the driving links without mutual are physical contact.

The measures characterized in claim 7 causes the rotating drive of a motor in a linear displacement of the output element is converted that the driving motor even when the two are reached End positions can continue and that when reversing the direction of rotation of the motor the threads that have come apart are brought back into mutual engagement will.

The measure characterized in claim 8 ensures that for each of the precisely defined speeds in both directions of rotation of the motor can be switched off, after which the engine can be switched off. This works battery-saving, otherwise average runtimes for the engine would have to be determined per direction of rotation, because of consideration decreasing battery voltage and other influences should be designed higher than is necessary when counting the actual revolutions.

The measures characterized in claim 9 causes the system if the battery voltage falls below a defined level, it will automatically be in that engagement position is held, which allows the closure device to be worn. Thus ensures that the door always opens even when the battery is in critical condition remains possible.

The measures characterized in claim 10 have the effect that Use on cylinder locks for the drive axle below the lock case Door inside can be guided. This ensures that on the outside of the door the entire security-critical area of the castle with a continuous, armor plate free of openings and screwed inwards and thus can be effectively protected against violent attack.

Fig 1: Drehelemente mit Mitnahme-Gliedern in der einfachsten Basisversion.

Fig 2: Federn für die Zwischenspeicherung der vom elektrischen Antrieb geleisteten Arbeit.

Fig 3: Abtriebs-Element mit einschiebbarem Stift und Antriebs-Element mit Nocken mit steiler Anschlagseite und mit stetig steigender Anlaufschräge.

Fig 4: Zwei Nocken-Drehelemente in seitenverkehrter Anordnung mit zwischenliegendem Freiraum.

Fig 5: Motorischer Antrieb über Schraube mit Außengewinde und linear verschiebbare drehfeste Hülse mit Innengewinde.

Fig 6: Höhenversetzte Anordnung von Antriebs- und Abtriebsachse.

Some embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig 1: Rotary elements with driving links in the simplest basic version.

Fig 2: Springs for the temporary storage of the work done by the electric drive.

Fig. 3: Output element with insertable pin and drive element with cams with a steep stop side and with a steadily increasing slope.

Fig. 4: Two cam rotating elements in a reverse arrangement with space in between.

Fig 5: Motor drive via screw with external thread and linearly displaceable, rotatable sleeve with internal thread.

Fig. 6: Height-offset arrangement of drive and output axes.

1 shows the simplest basic version according to the preamble of claim 1 shown. A drive element 1 and an output element 2 are on one common axis rotatably arranged, the output element 2 by a electrically controlled drive is linearly displaceable on this axis. The drive element 1 is connected to a drive shaft 22, which from outside the Locking device is accessible and can be operated manually from there. The output element 2 is connected to an output axis 23, which in turn the mechanical locking element of the closure device - e.g. Bolt and trap one Mortise lock - drives via a cylinder with cams. So this lock can can be unlocked or locked via the output shaft 23. Both rotating elements each have at least one raised link 3 or 4. Depending on Position of the linearly displaceable output element 2 are the two Rotating elements either in the freewheel position or in the mutual engagement position. In the freewheel position, there is no contact between the two rotating elements. In However, the engagement position beats when the drive element 1 rotates Driving link 3 against the driving link 4 of the output element 2 and causes thereby taking it along and thus - depending on the direction of rotation - unlocking or Locking the locking element of the closure device.

2 shows how the work performed by the electronically controlled drive can be cached in springs 5 and 6. Depending on the position in which the two rotary elements 1 and 2 are in relation to each other, it can be with a linear displacement of the output element 2 for physical contact between the driving links 3 and 4 of the two rotating elements 1 and 2 come. This contact then prevents one immediate engagement of the output element 2 in the engaged position or an immediate Disengage in freewheel position. In this case, the electronically controlled Drive work done by springs 5 and 6, respectively, and buffered and only after further rotation when reaching a contact-free Engaged or disengaged position returned and then in a possible Longitudinal displacement of the output element 2 implemented.

In Fig. 3, the two rotating elements 1 and 2 are in side view and in section Shown top view. The driving link of the output element 2 is a pin 7 designed that can be inserted against spring 11. The entrainment limbs of the Drive elements 1 are designed as cams 8. The cams 8 each have a steep stop side 9 and a steadily increasing slope 10 the two rotary elements 1 and 2 in mutual engagement position, at Rotation of the drive element 1 whose cam 8 depending on the direction of rotation either with its stop side 9 or with its run-on slope 10 with the pin 7 of the output element 2 come into contact. Strikes the steep stop side 9 of the Cam 8 against the pin 7, thereby taking the output element 2 caused by the drive element 1. However, comes the steadily increasing Run-up slope 10 in contact with pin 7 during rotation, pin 7 becomes steadily inserted against his spring 11. So there is no rotation in this direction Take the output element 2. As soon as the pin 7 on the entire ramp 10 has passed, it is returned to its original position by its spring 11 pushed out.

There are two different engagement positions 12 and 13 in the drive element 1 executed, between which the freewheel position 14 is located. The engagement positions 12 and 13 are effected by two cams 8 arranged in parallel, whereby these are reversed to each other, so that in the engaged position 12th Carrying only when turning clockwise and in the engaged position 13 Carrying is only effected when turning counterclockwise. Thus, the closure device only locked in one position and only in the other position be unlocked. Between the two engagement positions 12 and 13 is in shape of a free space a free-running position 14 in which there is no contact comes between drive element 1 and output element 2. The presence this free space causes the respective The engagement position 12 or 13 can be left - even if it is engaged each other engagement position because of one from the current position of the two Rotary elements 1 and 2 to each other possibly resulting physical contact between Pin 7 and cam 8 is not immediately possible. Thus, e.g. after done Unlocking the locking device from its control the electrical signal Return to the locking position - that is, to the other engagement position - given, can even with an unfavorable position of the rotating elements 1 and 2 to each other are immediately disengaged in the freewheel position 14, so that in this way reliable the further possibility of unlocking is switched off.

3, the two different engagement positions 12 and 13 4 were formed within a common drive element 1 shown that the drive element 1 in two separate drive elements 15 and 15a is separated. The two drive elements 15 and 15a are shaped and identical carry the well-known cams 8 and the free spaces 16. The two identical drive elements 15 and 15a are arranged reversely to one another and form in shape of the two then opposite free spaces 16 the freewheel position known from FIG. 3 between the two engagement positions. Otherwise processes are organized and functions as already described in FIG. 3. The practical difference between Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is that the two-part drive element 15 and 15a can be produced more cost-effectively than the one-piece drive element 1 of FIG. 3 with the two integrated engagement positions 12 and 13.

FIG. 5 shows how the rotating drive of an electric mini motor 17 in a linear displacement of the output element 2 is implemented. In this The electronically controlled drive is carried out by an electric mini motor 17 accomplished. This turns a screw 18 in a defined sub-area carries an external thread 19 which is defined in the internal thread 20 Part of a sleeve 21 engages. This sleeve 21 is non-rotatably arranged, linear slidably and via an intermediate member equipped with the springs 5 and 6 with the Output element 2 connected. With this arrangement, the rotational movement of the Motor 17 in a linear displacement of the sleeve 21 and thus the output element 2 converted. The sleeve can be linear due to the motor drive Perform the total movement that is the sum of the two thread lengths 19 and 20 corresponds. Depending on the direction of rotation of the motor 17, the sleeve can two Reach end positions. In these end positions, the screw 18 in the sleeve 21 continue turning without thread engagement. This has the advantage that the motor 17 also Reaching the end positions does not have to be switched off immediately. The counteracting springs 5 and 6 ensure that when reversing the direction of rotation Motor 17, the two threads 19 and 20 come back into mutual engagement.

In Fig. 6 it is shown that the drive and driven axes offset in height from each other can be arranged. When used on cylinder locks, that the manually operable on the outside of the door drive shaft 22 below the Lock box can be guided to the inside of the door. Via a connecting gear 25 connection to the drive element 1 is established. Another one Link gear 26 is finally connected to the output shaft 23, which drives the mechanical locking element of the closure device. With this Arrangement is achieved that the entire safety-critical on the outside of the door Area of the mortise lock with a continuous, opening-free and inward screwed armor plate can be covered, which effectively locks the lock protects violent attack.

Claims (10)

Coupling system for electronic locking devices, in which a rotatable drive element 1 and a rotatable output element 2 can be electronically controlled coupled or decoupled from one another, wherein both rotary elements 1, 2 are each equipped with at least one raised driving element 3, 4 and both rotary elements can be brought either directly into a mutual engagement position or in a freewheeling position by an electronically controlled drive or via a connecting link, characterized in that the driving link of the one rotary element is designed as a pin 7 which can be inserted against spring 11 and that the entrainment member of the other rotary element is designed as a cam 8, which has a steep stop face 9 on one side, so that in one direction of movement when rotating a stop of the pin 7 against the steep stop face 9 causes entrainment and that the other side of the Nockens 8 as a steadily increasing plant bevelled 10 is carried out, which, when rotating contact with the pin 7, pushes it in against spring 11, so that no rotation is effected when rotating in the other direction of movement. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary element 1 equipped with the cam 8 has two different engagement positions, which are brought about by two cams 12, 13 arranged in parallel, which are designed to be reversed with respect to one another, so that in one engagement Position only entrained when rotating clockwise and in the other engagement position only entrained when rotated counterclockwise. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the two cams arranged on the opposite side of each other are carried by two separate rotating elements 15, 15a which are arranged parallel to one another. Arrangement according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that there is a free space 16 between the two engagement positions, which causes the freewheeling position to be arranged spatially between the two engagement positions of the rotary elements 15, 15a. Arrangement according to claims 1-4 , characterized in that a plurality of cams 8 are arranged one after the other in a circle on the rotating elements equipped with cams 8, so that depending on the rotating position different cams 8 come into driving contact with the pin 7 of the other rotating element. Arrangement according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the work performed in springs 5, 6 by the electronically controlled drive for the engagement of the two rotary elements 1, 2 or their connecting link in the mutual engagement position and for the engagement in the freewheeling position is temporarily stored if the respective position of the entrainment links does not permit immediate engagement in the engagement position or disengagement in the freewheel position, so that when a further engagement or a later engagement is reached, Disengagement position the engagement or disengagement is then effected by springs. Arrangement according to claims 1-6, characterized in that the electric drive which brings about the engagement of the rotary elements in the engaged position or in the freewheeling position is realized in the form of an electric mini-motor 17 which drives a screw 18 which in a defined partial area carries an external thread 19 which engages in the internal thread 20 of a defined partial area of a rotationally fixed, linearly displaceable sleeve 21, the sleeve being connected via springs 5 and 6 to the rotating element 2 to be moved or to the connecting member to be moved is and through the motor. Drive can perform a linear overall movement, which corresponds to the sum of the two thread lengths, depending on the direction of rotation of the motor, two end positions can be reached in which the screw 13 in the sleeve 21 can continue to rotate without thread engagement, with counteracting springs 5 and 6 for this ensure that when the direction of movement is reversed, the two threads 19 and 20 come into mutual engagement again. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the number of engine revolutions is measured by a sensor and in that precisely defined numbers of revolutions can be determined for each of the two directions of movement of the engine. Arrangement according to claims 1-8, characterized in that after each electronically controlled engagement in an engagement position, which allows the locking device to be opened, the battery condition is automatically checked and that when the battery is below a defined voltage level, a renewed disengagement is prevented in an electronically controlled manner. Arrangement according to claims 1-9, characterized in that when used on cylinder locks, the drive shaft 22 is guided below the lock case to the inside of the door and that there is a connection to the output element 2 and the output shaft 23 via connecting links, so that on the Outside the door, the security-critical areas of the lock can be covered with a continuous, opening-free armor plate.

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