EP0884452A1 - Machine de creusement d'un tunnel - Google Patents
Machine de creusement d'un tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0884452A1 EP0884452A1 EP98400980A EP98400980A EP0884452A1 EP 0884452 A1 EP0884452 A1 EP 0884452A1 EP 98400980 A EP98400980 A EP 98400980A EP 98400980 A EP98400980 A EP 98400980A EP 0884452 A1 EP0884452 A1 EP 0884452A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cutting head
- mixing chamber
- conveyor
- screw
- speed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/108—Remote control specially adapted for machines for driving tunnels or galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/093—Control of the driving shield, e.g. of the hydraulic advancing cylinders
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a tunneling machine.
- tunneling machines which have a large mobile structure including a cylindrical envelope at the front of which is arranged a shield having a substantially circular section whose diameter corresponds to the diameter of the tunnel whose we do the digging.
- the front part of the shield which comes in contact with the working face to achieve the cutting of the formation crossed by the tunnel, has a cutting head formed by a plate circular rotated around an axis which roughly corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the tunnel boring machine, at a determined speed which is a function of the nature of the ground to be dug.
- the TBM also includes means of axially moving the cutting head, a magazine for storage of segments, a device for laying these segments inside the tunnel as well as a system evacuation of the material resulting from the slaughter of the ground under the advance of the TBM.
- the circular plate forming the head of cut has openings delimited by arms extending radially and supporting tools for work intended for the felling of the ground under the advance of the TBM.
- the front part of the envelope cylindrical also has a vertical partition fixed behind the cutting head and forming with this a mixing chamber for the material removed with an additional product, such as relatively fluid foam, water, or mud.
- This additional product also allows lubricate the work tools as well as the front size which has the effect of reducing the torque of the cutting head during digging.
- the mixing chamber is provided at its lower part of an opening in which opens a screw conveyor materials mixed with the additional product in order to ventilate the earth coming from the face so that obtain a compressible leg which can be easily evacuated by means of the screw conveyor.
- the working chamber is partly filled by the product additional and also by the material coming from the cutting face.
- the volume of the material in the mixing must be sufficient to ensure steadily covering the orifice in which leads to the screw conveyor so as to continuously feeding said screw conveyor.
- the decrease in the height of the material relative to the highest point of the orifice formed in the fixed partition promotes communication between the mixing chamber and the outside so that this additional product is driven by the screw of the carrier and spreads out of control the rear of the TBM which can harm electrical equipment and causes a prolonged shutdown of the digging machine.
- the object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages.
- the invention therefore relates to a machine digging a tunnel, of the type comprising a cylindrical shell at the front of which are arranged, on the one hand, a cutting head formed by a circular plate driven in rotation and comprising openings delimited by radial arms supporting work tools and, on the other hand, a fixed vertical partition behind the head cuts and forms therewith a kneading chamber material torn off with an additional product, provided at its lower part of an opening in which opens a conveyor with material discharge screw mixed with the additional product, characterized in that the mixing chamber has, in its part lower, means for detecting the pressure of the material in said working chamber connected to means for controlling the speed of rotation of the screw the conveyor and / or the cutting head and / or the speed of movement in translation of said head of chopped off.
- FIG. 1 there is shown schematically a digging machine 1, called tunneling machine, and which is made up, in a classic way, a generally cylindrical casing 2 at the front of which is arranged a shield designated in its together by reference 3.
- the digging machine 1 comprises also means 4 for axially moving the shield 3, a device 5 for installing segments 6 to inside the tunnel and a designated screw conveyor as a whole by reference 7 and intended for the evacuation of the material torn off and mixed with a additional product, as we will see later.
- the segments 6 made up of plates precast concrete or cast iron curves are intended to consolidate the internal wall of the tunnel dug by the digging machine 1.
- the means 4 for axially moving the shield 3 are formed by a ring of jacks 4a arranged at the rear periphery of the digging 1 at an end opposite the shield 3.
- the jacks 4a for example hydraulic, come to bear against the slice of segments 6 placed inside the tunnel so as to exert on said shield 3 the thrust necessary for the excavation of the land crossed.
- Variations in the direction of the shield 3 are obtained by thrust differences between the different cylinders 4a distributed at the rear periphery of the digging machine 1.
- the cylinders 4a are supplied by a circuit hydraulic, not shown, contained in the volume of the digging machine 1.
- the shield 3 is formed by a head of section 10 and by a vertical and fixed partition 11, disposed behind said cutting head 10 and sparing with this a mixing chamber 12.
- head of cutting 10 is formed by a circular plate 13 rotated and on which are arranged radially extending arm and tool support 15, such as slaughter tools and / or crushing wheels.
- the plate 13 also includes openings 16 formed between the arms 14 and which allow the passage of the material torn off in the mixing chamber 12.
- the cutting head 10 is carried by axes 17 distributed equidistant on a circle A concentric to the main axis of the cutting head 10.
- Each axis 17 supporting the cutting head 10 has a length corresponding to the width of the mixing chamber 12.
- the free ends of the axes 17 cooperate with means 20 for driving in rotation around the main axis of the cutting head 10 of the assembly constituted by said cutting head 10 and the axes 17.
- the rotation drive means 20 are constituted, in a conventional manner, by geared motors each carrying a cooperating toothed pinion with a toothed crown integral with the ends free axes 17.
- the screw conveyor 7 is formed by a sheath 7a in which is arranged a worm 7b driven in rotation by a motor 7c.
- the free end 7'b of the worm 7b passes through an opening lla formed in the part bottom of the vertical partition 11 and opens at the lower part of the mixing chamber 12.
- the mixing chamber 12 comprises, at its lower part, means 25 for detecting the material pressure in said chamber 12.
- these means 25 detection are formed by at least one gauge constraint 26 placed in a metallic envelope 27 disposed in the mixing chamber 12 near to the opening 11a and fixed, for example by welding, on the corresponding face of the vertical partition 11.
- the detection means 25 are formed by three strain gauges 26 arranged in the mixing 12 near the opening lla and distributed alternating with respect to circle A described by axes 17 in said mixing chamber 12.
- a strain gauge 26 is arranged inside circle A and above orifice lla and the two other strain gauges 26 are arranged outside the circle A and share and other of said opening lla.
- each gauge of constraint 26 is placed in a metal envelope 27 fixed, for example by welding, to the face corresponding to the vertical partition 11.
- the strain gauge (s) 26 are connected by a cable 28 to means, not shown, for controlling the speed of rotation of the screw 7b of the conveyor 7 and / or cutting head 10.
- a product additional consisting of foam or water or relatively fluid mud.
- this additional product is to lubricate the working tools 15 and also the face size to reduce the head torque section 10 during the tunneling and also ventilate the material in the working chamber 12 of so as to obtain a compressible paste which can be easily removed by the worm screw 7b of the screw conveyor 7.
- the mixing chamber 12 When advancing the machine excavation 1, the mixing chamber 12 is filled with partly by the additional product and also by the material from the face and which is poured into said mixing chamber 12 passing through the openings 16 in the cutting head 10.
- the volume of the material at the party bottom of the mixing chamber 12 must be sufficient to provide constant assurance covering the orifice lla into which opens the conveyor auger 7b 7 and allow the removal of the material mixed with the product additional.
- the head of section 10 and the axes 17 are rotated around the main axis of said cutting head 10.
- strain gauges 26 a pressure which is therefore immediately detected and the information is provided to the visualization system. So the pilot can act consequence on the different drilling parameters such as the rotations of the screw 7b of the conveyor 7 and / or the cutting head 10 and / or the speed of translation of the cylinders 4a.
- the strain gauges 26 do not are under more pressure and the information is delivered immediately to the control means.
- control means slow down in consequently the speed of rotation of the worm 7b of the screw conveyor 7 and if that is not enough they increase the speed of rotation of the cutting head 10 to quickly obtain sufficient filling of the mixing chamber 12.
- the pressure exerted on the strain gauges 26 exceeds a predetermined threshold and the information is immediately transmitted to the control means.
- control means increase the speed of rotation of the auger 7b of the transporter 7 in order to increase the evacuation of the material of said kneading chamber 12 and if this does not not enough the speed of rotation of the cutting head 10 is slowed down to quickly lower the level of material in said kneading chamber 12.
- the means of detecting the level of material in the mixing chamber 12 therefore allow to be able to constantly monitor this level and so to act on the speed of rotation of the worm of the conveyor and / or on the rotation speed of the cutting head to reduce the level of material in the mixing chamber at the ideal level for optimize the efficiency of the TBM.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- les moyens de détection sont formés par au moins une jauge de contrainte placée dans une enveloppe métallique disposée dans la chambre de malaxage à proximité de ladite ouverture et fixée sur la face correspondante de la cloison verticale,
- les moyens de détection sont formés par trois jauges de contrainte placées chacune dans une enveloppe métallique disposée dans la chambre de malaxage à proximité de ladite ouverture et fixée sur la face correspondante de la cloison verticale,
- chaque jauge de contrainte est reliée par un câble aux moyens de commande de la vitesse de rotation de la vis du transporteur et/ou de la tête de coupe et/ou de la vitesse de déplacement en translation de ladite tête de coupe.
- la Fig. 1 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'une machine de creusement conforme à l'invention,
- la Fig. 2 est une vue de face en élévation de la tête de coupe de la machine de creusement,
- la Fig. 3 est une vue schématique suivant F de la Fig. 1,
- la Fig. 4 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une jauge de contrainte des moyens de détection du niveau du matériau dans la chambre de malaxage de la machine de creusement.
Claims (4)
- Machine de creusement d'un tunnel, du type comprenant une enveloppe cylindrique (2) à l'avant de laquelle sont disposées, d'une part, une tête de coupe (10) formée par un plateau circulaire (13) entraíné en rotation et comportant des ouvertures (16) délimitées par des bras radiaux (14) supportant des outils de travail (15) et, d'autre part, une cloison (11) verticale et fixe disposée derrière ladite tête de coupe (10) et formant avec celle-ci une chambre de malaxage (12) du matériau arraché avec un produit additionnel munie à sa partie inférieure d'une ouverture (lla) dans laquelle débouche un transporteur à vis (7) d'évacuation du matériau mélangé au produit additionnel, caractérisée en ce que la chambre de malaxage (12) comporte, à sa partie inférieure, des moyens (25) de détection de la pression du matériau dans ladite chambre de travail (12) reliés à des moyens de commande de la vitesse de rotation de la vis (7b) du transporteur (7) et/ou de la tête de coupe (10) et/ou de la vitesse de déplacement en translation de ladite tête de coupe (10).
- Machine de creusement selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens (25) de détection sont formés par au moins une jauge de contrainte (26) placée dans une enveloppe métallique (27) disposée dans la chambre de malaxage (12) à proximité de ladite ouverture (11a) et fixée sur la face correspondante de la cloison verticale (11).
- Machine de creusement selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens (25) de détection sont formés par trois jauges de contrainte (26) placées chacune dans une enveloppe métallique (27) disposée dans la chambre de malaxage (12) à proximité de ladite ouverture (11a) et fixée sur la face correspondante de la cloison verticale (11).
- Machine de creusement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chaque jauge de contrainte (26) est reliée par un câble (28) aux moyens de commande de la vitesse de rotation de la vis (7b) du transporteur (7) et/ou de la tête de coupe (10) et/ou de la vitesse de déplacement en translation de ladite tête de coupe (10).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9707121A FR2764331B1 (fr) | 1997-06-09 | 1997-06-09 | Machine de creusement d'un tunnel |
FR9707121 | 1997-06-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0884452A1 true EP0884452A1 (fr) | 1998-12-16 |
Family
ID=9507767
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98400980A Withdrawn EP0884452A1 (fr) | 1997-06-09 | 1998-04-22 | Machine de creusement d'un tunnel |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0884452A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2764331B1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104481545A (zh) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-04-01 | 上海隧道工程有限公司 | 一种矩形顶管机的中继间纠偏装置 |
JP2015212476A (ja) * | 2014-05-02 | 2015-11-26 | 株式会社安藤・間 | 土圧シールド工法に用いるチャンバー内掘削土の性状測定評価方法、シールド掘進機及び土砂の塑性流動性試験装置 |
CN111535824A (zh) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-14 | 周亚新 | 一种盾构机前端土体切削分割装置及其工作方法 |
CN113863966A (zh) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-31 | 天津大学 | 基于深度学习视觉的管片抓取位姿检测装置及检测方法 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2347719A1 (fr) * | 1976-04-05 | 1977-11-04 | Tekken Constr Co | Appareils de reglage automatique de la pression hydraulique sur le front de percement de tunnels dans le systeme de percement hydraulique de tunnels au bouclier |
US4167289A (en) * | 1977-09-29 | 1979-09-11 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Method and system for controlling earth pressure in tunnel boring or shield machine |
GB1570329A (en) * | 1976-02-12 | 1980-06-25 | Daiko Const | Method and apparatus for excavating horizontal tunnels |
FR2526855A1 (fr) * | 1982-05-14 | 1983-11-18 | Daiho Construction Co Ltd | Appareil pour creuser des tunnels horizontaux |
US4732427A (en) * | 1986-09-17 | 1988-03-22 | Richard Lovat | Head intake for tunnelling machine |
FR2679959A1 (fr) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-02-05 | Gtm Btp | Procede pour regler la pression dans la partie amont d'un tunnelier a pression de terre, et dispositif pour la mise en óoeuvre de ce procede. |
US5438860A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1995-08-08 | Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho | Cutter bit abrasive detecting device of shield machine |
-
1997
- 1997-06-09 FR FR9707121A patent/FR2764331B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-04-22 EP EP98400980A patent/EP0884452A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1570329A (en) * | 1976-02-12 | 1980-06-25 | Daiko Const | Method and apparatus for excavating horizontal tunnels |
FR2347719A1 (fr) * | 1976-04-05 | 1977-11-04 | Tekken Constr Co | Appareils de reglage automatique de la pression hydraulique sur le front de percement de tunnels dans le systeme de percement hydraulique de tunnels au bouclier |
US4167289A (en) * | 1977-09-29 | 1979-09-11 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Method and system for controlling earth pressure in tunnel boring or shield machine |
FR2526855A1 (fr) * | 1982-05-14 | 1983-11-18 | Daiho Construction Co Ltd | Appareil pour creuser des tunnels horizontaux |
US4732427A (en) * | 1986-09-17 | 1988-03-22 | Richard Lovat | Head intake for tunnelling machine |
FR2679959A1 (fr) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-02-05 | Gtm Btp | Procede pour regler la pression dans la partie amont d'un tunnelier a pression de terre, et dispositif pour la mise en óoeuvre de ce procede. |
US5438860A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1995-08-08 | Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho | Cutter bit abrasive detecting device of shield machine |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2015212476A (ja) * | 2014-05-02 | 2015-11-26 | 株式会社安藤・間 | 土圧シールド工法に用いるチャンバー内掘削土の性状測定評価方法、シールド掘進機及び土砂の塑性流動性試験装置 |
CN104481545A (zh) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-04-01 | 上海隧道工程有限公司 | 一种矩形顶管机的中继间纠偏装置 |
CN104481545B (zh) * | 2014-09-23 | 2017-03-29 | 上海隧道工程有限公司 | 一种矩形顶管机的中继间纠偏装置 |
CN111535824A (zh) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-14 | 周亚新 | 一种盾构机前端土体切削分割装置及其工作方法 |
CN113863966A (zh) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-31 | 天津大学 | 基于深度学习视觉的管片抓取位姿检测装置及检测方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2764331B1 (fr) | 1999-08-20 |
FR2764331A1 (fr) | 1998-12-11 |
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