Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G08—SIGNALLING
  • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
  • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
  • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
  • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
  • G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
  • G08G1/096805—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route
  • G08G1/096811—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route where the route is computed offboard
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
  • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
  • G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
  • G01C21/34—Route searching; Route guidance
  • G01C21/36—Input/output arrangements for on-board computers
  • G01C21/3605—Destination input or retrieval
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G08—SIGNALLING
  • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
  • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
  • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
  • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
  • G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
  • G08G1/096805—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route
  • G08G1/096811—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route where the route is computed offboard
  • G08G1/096822—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route where the route is computed offboard where the segments of the route are transmitted to the vehicle at different locations and times
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G08—SIGNALLING
  • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
  • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
  • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
  • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
  • G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
  • G08G1/096833—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where different aspects are considered when computing the route
  • G08G1/096844—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where different aspects are considered when computing the route where the complete route is dynamically recomputed based on new data
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G08—SIGNALLING
  • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
  • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
  • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
  • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
  • G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
  • G08G1/096855—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the output is provided in a suitable form to the driver
  • G08G1/096866—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the output is provided in a suitable form to the driver where the complete route is shown to the driver
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G08—SIGNALLING
  • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
  • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
  • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
  • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
  • G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
  • G08G1/096855—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the output is provided in a suitable form to the driver
  • G08G1/096872—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the output is provided in a suitable form to the driver where instructions are given per voice
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G08—SIGNALLING
  • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
  • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
  • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
  • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
  • G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
  • G08G1/096877—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the input to the navigation device is provided by a suitable I/O arrangement
  • G08G1/096894—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the input to the navigation device is provided by a suitable I/O arrangement where input is assisted by the navigation device, i.e. the user does not type the complete name of the destination, e.g. using zip codes, telephone numbers, progressively selecting from initial letters
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G08—SIGNALLING
  • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
  • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
  • G08G1/123—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams
  • G08G1/127—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams to a central station ; Indicators in a central station

Definitions

• This invention relates to data processing control systems in general and more particularly to motor vehicle navigation and route guidance systems determining the destination address from a telephone number.
• the first system makes use of stored map displays wherein the maps of a predetermined area are stored in the invehicle computer and displayed to the vehicle operator or driver.
• the maps knowing the location where the vehicle started and where it is to go, will highlight the direction and the driver will have to read the display and follow the route.
• One such stored map display system offered by General Motors on their 1 994 Oldsmobile, uses Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites and advanced dead reckoning techniques to determine a precise location.
• GPS Global Positioning System
• the driver enters details of the desired destination into an on-board or invehicle, computer, in the form of specific address, a road intersection, etc.
• the stored map is displayed and the operator then pinpoints the desired destination.
• the on-board computer then calculates the most efficient route.
• the on ⁇ board computer then displays on a display unit, the distance to and the direction of each turning maneuver in easy-to-read graphics and also includes a voice prompt.
• the second system such as the Siemens Ali-Scout system, requires that the driver key-in the destination address, in geodetic coordinates, into the invehicle computer.
• a compass means located in the vehicle then gives a "compass" direction to the destination address.
• Such a "compass" direction is shown in easy-to-read graphics as an arrow on a display unit indicating the direction the driver should go.
• Along the side of the road are several infrared beacon sites which transmit data information to the properly equipped vehicle relative to the preferred routing to the next adjacent beacon sites.
• the invehicle computer selects the desired beacon data information to the next beacon along the route direction to the final destination and displays a graphic symbol for the vehicle operator to follow and the distance to the desired destination. There is no map to read, only a simple graphic symbol and a voice prompt telling the vehicle operator where to turn and when to continue in the same direction.
• September 21 , 1 982 to von Tomkewitsch and entitled "Method for Traffic Determination in a Routing and Information System for Individual Motor Vehicle Traffic” describes a method for traffic management in a routing and information system for motor vehicle traffic.
• the system has a network of stationary routing stations, each located in the vicinity of the roadway, which transmit route information and local information concerning its position to passing vehicles.
• the route information which is transmitted is the preferred routing to all beacons and zones adjacent to the beacon site.
• the vehicle navigation system selects a route from all the routes transmitted by the beacon.
• the trip destination address via geodetic coordinates, is loaded by the vehicle operator into an onboard device, a navigation processor, in the vehicle and by dead reckoning techniques a distance and direction graphic is displayed.
• the first routing station which the vehicle passes transmits a message to the vehicle with route data to all of the adjacent beacons one of which is the next routing station.
• the vehicle receives the message and selects one of the recommended routes which will guide the vehicle towards its final destination.
• As it executes the travel to the next beacon it accumulates time and distance traveled which it transmits to the second routing station when it is interrogated by passing the second routing station. In this manner, traffic management is updated in real time and the vehicles are always routed the "best way".
• the best way may be the shortest way, the less traveled way, the cheapest way or any combination of these plus other criteria.
• a controller in a motor vehicle operates an automotive telephone device through a modem and a line connection with an information center is performed.
• the telephone number of the destination inputted by an operator is transmitted to the information center.
• the information center transmits a position coordinate corresponding to the received telephone number which is then retransmitted and stored in the controller.
• the controller reads a map corresponding to the position coordinate from a road map memory by a memory device. A road map is displayed on a display device in the destination facility.
• the vehicle operator has had to enter into the invehicle computer, the geodetic coordinates of the destination address. These are latitude and longitude coordinates. In each case, the present systems require each coordinate to be at least a six digit number, degrees, minutes, and seconds; thus, two six digit numbers must be entered. In order to get the coordinates, the vehicle operator has to read a map or consult a look-up table and by means of a data keyboard, key in the numbers.
• these coordinates would be inputted into the navigation computer and until the vehicle passed the first beacon site, the vehicle display system indicates the compass heading to take. Once the vehicle passed the first beacon, the vehicle will then receive information about the best route to take to the next adjacent beacons and the computer, knowing its present geodetic location and the geodetic location of its destination address, will select the best route in the direction of the destination address.
• One method of introducing the coordinates of the destination address requires the vehicle operator to study a map, a manual or some other data base means to determine the six digit word coordinates of the destination address and then enter or key in each word by means of a keyboard into the onboard memory.
• the vehicle operator enters the phone number of the destination by means of a phone-type number keyboard pad.
• the onboard computer transmits this number to the central processing station having a data base subsystem wherein the correlation of the phone number, physical address and the geodetic coordinates such as latitude and longitude are stored.
• the central processor then transmits the geodetic coordinates back to the onboard vehicle computer and the destination address is automatically and correctly loaded into the onboard memory.
• the onboard computer receives the present position from a GPS receiver and transmits both the present position and the desired position to the central processing station by means of a wireless communication means.
• the central processing station computes a series of routing vectors which are transmitted back to the onboard computer for display in a turn-by-turn manner the route for the vehicle to take to the destination position.
• the invention herein provides for the entry of data input from various traffic functions to be put in the data base and such information is transmitted to the various beacon sites in the system by the central processing unit to provide better data to the vehicles concerning routing vectors.
• beacon sites be updated with traffic functional information such as travel conditions and road data, received from many sources and inputted into the central processing unit and which is transmitted to the beacon sites from the system central processing unit.
• traffic functional information such as travel conditions and road data
• FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the vehicle navigation and route guidance system
• FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram of the preferred embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 3 is a driver interface device in the vehicle for transmitting the destination phone number and accepting or rejecting a system recommended route.
• FIG. 4 is a dashboard display in the vehicle to receive one form of the information from the navigation unit including a preview of the routing and alert by the system of an in-route change of routing;
• FIG. 5. is another embodiment of vehicle navigation and route guidance system
• FIG. 6. is a detail of the data base of FIG. 5;
• FIG. 7 is a schematic of route vectors which are transmitted over the wireless communication medium from a present position to a destination position.
• FIG. 1 there is illustrated in block diagrammatic form a vehicle navigational and routing system 1 0.
• vehicle navigational and routing system 1 there are located along the sides of the roadway, several beacon sites 1 2, or fixed guide beacons 1 3, each placed strategically in the area. In an urban area, such sites are within kilometers of each other and in the rural areas, the beacon sites maybe spaced much, much farther apart.
• beacon sites 1 2 It is the function of the beacon sites 1 2 to transmit information received from a central processing means 14 including an information processor 1 5 and a data base 1 6 concerning the best route to take to the adjacent beacon sites.
• the beacon sites 1 2 also receive information from a vehicle including among other information about the elapsed travel time for links vehicle activity and other information to assist in determining the "best" route from that particular beacon site 1 2 to each adjacent beacon site 1 2 and beyond.
• an invehicle system 1 8 comprising a transmitter 20, a receiver 22, an information processing unit 24 including a position unit, a travel-time unit, a destination address processor and a memory and a display means 26 having a data entry means such as a keyboard 28, an arrow indicator guidance visual display 30 and an audio or
• the Ali-Scout System is an infrared communication system in that the medium for transmitting and receive data from a beacon 1 2 to the invehicle system 1 8 is by means of infrared waves.
• the vehicle operator had to input the particular geodetic destination address coordinates found on a map or some other data look-up means. These coordinates are typically the latitude and longitude of the destination address which, of necessity, are long digital words. The operator must accurately read these numbers from his map and key them into the invehicle unit through the alpha numeric keyboard.
• the operator 34 by knowing the phone number of his destination location does not have to read and copy unfamiliar numbers into a keyboard.
• the typical phone number in the United States is 7 digits long, not including the area code, and is probably a familiar number. Therefore, the error of entering such a number is much smaller.
• the invehicle system 1 8 transmits the phone number to the central processor 1 4 and data base 1 6 as a destination address request by conventional telecommunications methods such as a cellar telephone network or spread spectrum telephone network.
• the central processor 14 and data base 1 6, has the street address and the geodetic coordinates corresponding to the phone number stored in the data base 1 6 and coded in the proper form.
• This coded form is then transmitted from the central processor 14 to the invehicle unit 1 8 as a destination location address. Once the coordinates are located in the invehicle unit 1 8, the system then prepares to receive from the next beacon site 1 2 which it passes, the route information to the next adjacent beacon sites 1 2.
• Another feature of the preferred embodiment is the information gathering capabilities of the central processor 1 4 and data base 1 6.
• the information gathered is received from other sources such as special events data 36 regarding such as sporting or cultural events, traffic events data 38 regarding such as accidents and road repairs, weather data 40, and other transient and incident data 42 which would affect the movement of vehicles along the highways and streets.
• the transmitters and receivers in the invehicle unit 1 8, the central processor 1 4 and the beacon sites 1 function to communicate and receive data between and among the several units as the IVHS system requires.
• the transmitter 20 can transmit data in the communication mode to the central process 14 and later communicate in the infrared range to the beacon sites 1 2.
• FIG. 2 is a less detail block diagram which shows the invehicle system containing the dead reckoning navigational system which is a basic element of the system and the destination map 43 which is stored in the invehicle system.
• the dead reckoning navigational system gives the operator 34 a compass bearing on the direction to go to the destination location.
• the dead reckoning system maintains the proper compass headings in the vehicle in order to accurately show the direction the vehicle must travel to reach its destination location when the vehicle is in the autonomous mode of operation, that is before intercepting its first beacon site 1 2 or when off the course derived from the beacon.
• the invehicle system 1 8 has the beacon interface which was previously described incorporating an infrared communication system.
• the operator display means 26 was also previous described and will be described in alternate embodiments with regard to FIGs. 3 and 4.
• the new feature of the preferred embodiment is the phone transmitter 44 which allows the destination location telephone number to be transmitted through the telecommunications structure or communications means 46 to the central processor 14.
• the central processor 1 4 the destination location or address telephone number is converted to geodetic or map coordinates and transmitted by the communications means 46 to the invehicle system 1 8.
• the central processor 14 can also identify a specific street address corresponding to the dialed telephone number. This information can also be used for navigational purposes, or as additional information for the operator.
• the invehicle system 1 8 then operates to guide the vehicle from its present position or location to its destination address or location.
• the central processor 1 4 also transmits preferred routes to the beacon sites 1 2 based on its knowledge of area-wide traffic conditions.
• the invehicle information processing unit 24 takes the information from its memory as to its present location, generates a direction indicator on the visual display screen 30 directing the vehicle operator 34 as to the direction to go.
• the information processing unit 24 selects the "best" route using the beacon site 1 2 supplied information.
• the beacon site 1 2 transmits information on how to go to each adjacent beacon site 1 2 and it is the function of the invehicle information processing unit 24 is to select the appropriate direction information knowing its present location and the destination location. All other information received from the beacon site 1 2 may not utilized.
• the routing is either audibly 32 or visually displayed 30 or both to the vehicle operator 34 and is updated each time the vehicle is instructed to change course.
• the beacon site 1 2 receives information from the invehicle information processing unit 24 as to the amount of time and distance the car has traveled from a previous beacon so as to update the central processor 14 and data base 1 6 for potential new routing information. At no time does any part of the system, other than the invehicle system 1 8 know where the vehicle is and where it is going. This preserves the anonymity of each vehicle.
• FIG. 3 there is illustrated a keyboard 28 having a numeric keypad 48 similar to that found on a telephone. This promotes ease of data entry since most are familiar with a touch-tone phone keyboard. Since this is a telephone, there are selection buttons 50 and 52 which allow the operator 34 to indicate that the number being indexed into the keypad 48 is either for telecommunications 50 or for IVHS communications 52. As with most telephone keypads, the number entered into the keypad 48 is displayed on a display panel 54 before it transmitted. Once the correct number is displayed, the operator confirms and activates the telephone. When the destination address coordinates are returned to the invehicle system 1 8, the operator 34 indicates his or her acceptance by pushing the accept route button 56 and the vehicle is now able to function in the IVHS mode.
• telecommunications such as a cellular phone
• the central processor 14 having total access to the communications network.
• the destination and routing could be overheard, but the location and identification of the receiving vehicle would not be available to a casual listener.
• a scanner will pick-up the data transmission, but not the location of the receiving vehicle or person.
• One such method of communicating the route to the vehicle operator is by a visual display device 58 as illustrated in FIG. 4. This is intended to show a different mode of visual display to the operator 34; i.e. after the invehicle information processing means 24 selects the routing from the data received from the beacon 1 2, it can display the routing in the following manner.
• the visual display 30 shows the several street names 60 that the vehicle will take to get to its destination location or address. Next to each street name 60 is the compass direction 62 the vehicle should proceed on that particular street 60. Both the route time 64 and the route mileage 66 is or maybe shown to the vehicle operator 34.
• the central processor 1 4 and data base 1 6 to the beacon sites 1 2 that alerts the beacon sites to a change in the route because of information gathered by the system from the several beacons or other input means. Such information may show heavy traffic congestion or a sudden repair problem such as a water main break.
• This information is transmitted by the central processor 1 4 and data base 1 6 to the site computer 68 at each beacon site 1 2 to alter the routes from each beacon site to the adjacent beacon sites. The end result may be to redirect the vehicle when it passes the next beacon site and thereby changing the display.
• the visual display device 58 may have a display 70 which alters the operator 34 to a route change.
• Still other embodiments of the system may provide information in a package form to commercial vehicles such as trucks.
• the anonymity is not an issue.
• the beacons are either owned or operated by the trucking company, or if there is a consortium of several companies, data from each company can be encrypted.
• the dispatching department of the a freight company can access the central processor and data base with a routing for a given truck that is entering the area. This routing coincides with the delivery points where the truck is to stop and discharge its load or a partial load.
• ABC Cartage Company knows that its truck, having a particular identification, will be arriving in the area with a load of goods that is to be delivered to five different stops.
• the dispatching or similar department enters the destination address information of the different stops into the central processor.
• the beacon site picks up the truck for the first time, it pulls the information of the five stops from the data bank and transmits that information to the invehicle information processing means 24 as a destination address message.
• the invehicle system 1 8 processes the best route for the driver from the normal beacon information.
• the dispatcher deems the order of the stops is important because of the vehicle loading, the dispatcher develops the required destination address message and adds any other information so that the driver follows the best route.
• FIG. there is illustrated another embodiment of the vehicle navigational and routing system 1 0 as illustrated in FIG 1 .
• the invehicle system or computer 1 8 is essentially a "dumb" terminal in that there is very little processing capability other than to direct the flow of information to and from system 1 8.
• the system of FIG. 5 includes a transmitter 20, a receiver 22, an information processing unit 24, a keyboard 28, an audio 32 and visual 30 display unit, and a GPS receiver 72.
• the invehicle computer 1 8 is connected to wireless communications medium 74 to a central processing means 14 having a receiver 76, information processor 1 5, a transmitter 78 and a map data base 79. Coupled to the data base 79 are several inputs such as a cyclic and special event traffic data unit 36, a transients and incidents unit 40, a road attributes and conditions unit 38, and other units 42 having information about vehicle travel such as weather.
• the operator 34 activates his invehicle system 1 8 by accessing the wireless communications medium 74 and dialing up the central processing means 14. Once the communication link is established, the operator 34 dials in the telephone number of his destination position 75 or a short character description of the destination position.
• the GPS receiver 72 outputs the geodetic coordinates of the present position 77 of the invehicle system 1 8 to the information processing means 24 creating a transmission message and if desired, a vehicle identification description can be automatically or manually entered into the message.
• the central processor means 1 4 receives the destination position telephone number or description, the geodetic coordinates of the present position and the vehicle identification if available.
• map data base 79 is a look-up table correlating telephone numbers with geodetic coordinates, and short character descriptions of locations with geodetic coordinates.
• the size of the look-up table determines the amount of information which can be addressed.
• the central processor means 14 uses the telephone number or short character description to determine the geodetic coordinates of the destination position 75. Both the coordinates of the destination position 75 and the present position 77 are supplied to the information processor 1 5 wherein a routing algorithm 80 generates routing vectors 82-87 along with distance (km) as illustrated in FIG. 7.
• the vectors 82-87 comprise direction and distance for the vehicle operator 34 to follow, in a turn by turn mode, from his present position 77 to the destination position . If a vehicle ID is present, the vehicle ID is appended to the particular routing vectors for updating.
• the transmitter 78 in the central processor means 14 transmits, by the wireless medium 74 which has been held open by the invehicle system 1 8, the calculated routing vectors 82-87 back to the invehicle system.
• the receiver 22 in the invehicle system 1 8 receives the calculated routing vectors 82-87 and stores them in the information processor unit 24 in the invehicle system.
• Each vector 82-87 is sequentially displayed, in a turn by turn display on the visual display 30 and each turn is audibly announced to the operator 34 through the audio unit 32.
• the invehicle system 1 8 which measures distance and direction, becomes aware of the vehicle responding to the end of the present routing vector 82-86, it causes the next sequential routing vector 83-87 to be displayed.
• the information processing unit 24 through the audio unit 32 audibly tells the operator 34 that he/she has left the route and is capable of displaying certain prestored error messages on the visual display 30.
• the operator 34 can dial-up the central processing means and with the same information such as destination position 75 and vehicle ID, but with the updated present GPS location, which is now the present location, the central processing means can interrogate the various updates to the map data base 79 and notify the operator 34 of any change in the routing vectors.
• a new set of routing vectors from this new present location to the destination position 75 can be transmitted to the invehicle system 1 8 which will replace the information in the information processing means 24 in the invehicle system 1 8.
• the beacon sites 1 2 are available, the present position can be determined from the beacons as described above.
• the system uses a wireless communication medium 74 between an invehicle system 1 8 and a central processing means 1 4, for the transmission of the destination location 75 in one direction (transmitting) and for generating and the transmission of routing vectors 82 in the second direction (receiving) that are generated by the map data base and routing algorithm 80.
• the invehicle system 1 8 has no map data base or any need to reinterpret the signals received from the wireless communication medium 74. Map data is not communicated along the wireless communication medium 74.
• the vehicle operator or truck driver can communicate via the wireless communications medium to the dispatcher for the next set of route vectors from his present position, a stop, to the next destination position, the next stop.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
• Remote Sensing (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Mathematical Physics (AREA)
• Navigation (AREA)
• Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-02-13 AU AU21200/97A patent/AU716420B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-02-13 JP JP9530200A patent/JP2000505197A/ja not_active Ceased
  • 1997-02-13 EP EP97906535A patent/EP0883796A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1997-02-13 BR BR9707640A patent/BR9707640A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-02-13 CA CA 2247128 patent/CA2247128A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-02-13 WO PCT/US1997/002073 patent/WO1997031241A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

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