EP0883676A2 - Cleaning agent for food-industry facilities, its use and method of cleaning such facilities using the agent - Google Patents

Cleaning agent for food-industry facilities, its use and method of cleaning such facilities using the agent

Info

Publication number
EP0883676A2
EP0883676A2 EP97903331A EP97903331A EP0883676A2 EP 0883676 A2 EP0883676 A2 EP 0883676A2 EP 97903331 A EP97903331 A EP 97903331A EP 97903331 A EP97903331 A EP 97903331A EP 0883676 A2 EP0883676 A2 EP 0883676A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cleaning
hydroxide solution
cleaning agent
potassium hydroxide
hydroxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97903331A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0883676B1 (en
Inventor
Anja Patten
Ralf Krack
Dietmar Rossner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ecolab GmbH and Co oHG
Original Assignee
Henkel Ecolab GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel Ecolab GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Henkel Ecolab GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0883676A2 publication Critical patent/EP0883676A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0883676B1 publication Critical patent/EP0883676B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/044—Hydroxides or bases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/0056—Lavatory cleansing blocks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
    • C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D7/06—Hydroxides
    • C11D2111/20—

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aqueous alkaline cleaning agent for plants in the food industry, containing potassium hydroxide solution.
  • the invention also relates to a method for cleaning plants in the food industry using an alkaline cleaning liquor which is regenerated by means of membrane filtration, the permeate being recycled.
  • alkaline cleaning solutions For cleaning plants in the food processing industry, e.g. B. tanks, pipes, filling systems and the like, it is known to use alkaline cleaning solutions. These cleaning liquors consist essentially of a 2% sodium hydroxide solution with the addition of cleaning boosters, e.g. B. defoamers and emulsifiers.
  • cleaning boosters e.g. B. defoamers and emulsifiers.
  • potassium hydroxide solution instead of sodium hydroxide solution, since this produces an equivalent cleaning result.
  • sodium hydroxide solution is used for reasons of cost. Potassium hydroxide is added to the sodium hydroxide solution to a small extent only in the case of low outside temperatures in order to lower the crystallization point of the cleaning agent concentrate.
  • the proportion of potassium hydroxide in the total hydroxide components is definitely well below 20% by weight.
  • the alkaline cleaning solutions often contain an addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the form of its disodium salt, since EDTA is the only complexing agent in aqueous, alkaline cleaning solutions that contains mineral contaminants such as calcium and magnesium salts, e.g. water hardness deposits, milk stone, beer stone and others. can dissolve.
  • EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
  • the permeate which consists of water and sodium hydroxide solution, is returned to the collecting container for the cleaning solution.
  • the organic contaminants which are removed from time to time, accumulate in the buffer tank of the membrane cleaning system in order to dispose of them. Since the use of EDTA-containing cleaning solutions prevents EDTA from entering the wastewater due to the lack of biodegradability of the compound and its property of remobilizing heavy metals in the environment, the Israeli patent application IS 109 249 suggests EDTA by acid precipitation from the concentrates that collect in the buffer tank. By adding EDTA in the cleaning liquors, however, the performance of the nanofiltration system is reduced, which is noticeable in a significantly reduced flow.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an alkaline cleaning agent and a method for cleaning systems of the food industry of the type mentioned, which enables considerably more economical cleaning than in the prior art.
  • the cleaning agent contains only potassium hydroxide or a mixture of potassium hydroxide and another alkali, in particular sodium hydroxide solution, with at least 20% by weight of potassium hydroxide, calculated as hydroxide and based on the hydroxide component the total amount of hydroxide contained in the detergent.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved by using a cleaning solution whose hydroxide component consists exclusively of potassium hydroxide solution or of a mixture of potassium hydroxide solution and another alkali, in particular sodium hydroxide solution, with at least 20% by weight of potassium hydroxide solution , calculated as hydroxide and based on the total amount of hydroxide contained in the cleaning solution.
  • the inventors have found that a partial or complete replacement of sodium hydroxide with potassium hydroxide increases the performance of the membrane system by at least 10 to 50%.
  • the performance here relates to the permeate flows achieved.
  • the system investment and the energy consumption of the membrane filtration system can be reduced.
  • Higher concentrations of the separated dirt load are possible, so that the amount of the dirt load is reduced and the yield of regenerated lye is increased.
  • the cleaning agent according to the invention or the implementation of the invention leads to problems Process a mass containing the impurities liquid at room temperature and even at a temperature of 0 ° C.
  • waste logistics are facilitated, and on the other hand, a higher concentration and thus a higher nutrient content in the case of animal feed recycling and a higher energy content in the case of thermal recycling can be achieved.
  • the performance of the membrane filtration system is also increased by replacing the sodium salts with potassium salts. Disadvantages that occur in the filtration through the use of EDTA can be compensated for or simply by simply using potassium hydroxide solution and EDTA in the form of the free acid or its potassium salt be overcompensated. Use of the EDTA disodium salt is also possible if the sodium ion content of the agent does not exceed certain limits. If all alkali metal ions are calculated as alkali hydroxide, the potassium hydroxide content of the detergent, based on the total amount of hydroxide in the detergent, must not drop below 20% by weight. In general, the performance of the filtration system increases with the ratio of potassium to sodium ions in the cleaning agent, which means that sodium-free cleaning solutions give the highest flow rates in l / m 2 h.
  • the cleaning agent preferably contains a mixture of potassium hydroxide solution and another alkali, preferably sodium hydroxide solution, with at least 50% by weight of potassium hydroxide solution, calculated and referred to as mentioned above.
  • EDTA-free cleaning agents with at least 50% by weight of potassium hydroxide solution is the possibility of filtering off the contaminations immediately as animal feed without further treatment, e.g. B. as pig feed, because an increased salt content in the case of potassium salts can be tolerated rather than an increased sodium salt content.
  • the EDTA fr eie detergent as the hydroxide component .ausset contains potassium hydroxide solution.
  • the concentrate which is contained in a thick case in membrane filtration, is a valuable additive for animal feed, especially for pig feed, due to its high proportion of potassium ions.
  • the cleaning agent contains additives, all of which are suitable as additives for animal feed.
  • additives all of which are suitable as additives for animal feed.
  • phosphates, gluconates and / or defoamers and emulsifiers approved under food law are proposed as such special, physiologically harmless cleaning enhancers that are not used in the known cleaning agents.
  • the cleaning agent contains, in addition to the hydroxide constituents, additives which are in the form of potassium salts.
  • the performance of the membrane filtration system can be additionally increased in this case. If the permeate flow in a conventional sodium hydroxide based detergent such. B. is 50 l / m 2 h, this performance is the replacement of the sodium hydroxide solution with potassium hydroxide solution was increased to 70 l / rr) for 2 hours. If the cleaning agent also contains potassium tripolyphosphate as a cleaning booster, the permeate flow additionally increases to 74 l / m 2 h.
  • Another advantage of these additives in the form of potassium salts is their particularly good suitability as animal feed additives.
  • the cleaning agent according to the invention can advantageously be used for systems in the food industry which are equipped with a regeneration system for used cleaning liquors.
  • the use of the cleaning agent in dairy farming systems is particularly preferred, since the concentrate obtained can be used as animal feed without further aftertreatment. Diafiltration or other additional work-up is usually not necessary. Not only is there no elaborate disposal of the separated impurities, but these "impurities" represent a new valuable substance. However, if the increased salt content is reduced by means of diafiltration, this can be worked up in the case of the cleaning agent or cleaning agent according to the invention implementation process much faster and therefore more economically.
  • the EDTA can be recovered from the concentrates obtained in the nanofiltration of EDTA-containing cleaning liquors by stepwise acidification. If the concentrate is acidified unspecifically (as described in the Israeli application IS 109 249), in addition to EDTA, almost all of the dirt contained in the concentrate precipitates. When the precipitated and filtered EDTA is redissolved with a lye, the dirt is also loosened again. If this solution is added to the lye cleaned by means of nanofiltration, the degree of contamination before the nanofiltration is reached again. By gradual acidification (fractional precipitation), the bulk of the dirt can be precipitated for the EDTA precipitation point. This precipitated dirt can then be removed by simple filtration.
  • EDTA will precipitate with a much lower level of residual contamination.
  • the filtered EDTA can be converted back into a soluble form with alkali and added to the permeate from the nanofiltration, for example. Since certain portions of EDTA remain both in the precipitated sludge and in the solution from which it was precipitated, this method can be used to recycle 80-90% of the EDTA originally used. Due to its residual EDTA content, the filtered dirt can no longer be used as animal feed.
  • alkali-resistant nanofiltration membranes with a D value of 100 to 2000 daltons are preferably used to regenerate the cleaning liquor.
  • Such membranes are permeable to molecules with a molecular weight up to the stated D value, but retain molecules with higher molecular weights.
  • membrane filtration is operated in cross flow with a transmembrane pressure difference of 8 to 25 bar.
  • a cleaning liquor is used for cleaning plants in the dairy industry which, in addition to the hydroxide constituents, contains only additives which are suitable as additives for animal feed and that the concentrate obtained in membrane filtration is used as Animal feed or additive to animal feed is used.
  • a concentrate with a particularly high potassium content is much better than concentrates with a high sodium content for use as animal feed, e.g. B. suitable as pig feed. Therefore, it is also proposed that the hydroxide components of the cleaning solution consist exclusively of potassium hydroxide.
  • the liquor which contains about 2% by weight of sodium hydroxide solution in the prior art and 2% by weight of potassium hydroxide solution according to the invention, is heated to 60 to 70 ° C. ⁇ is perforated, supplied to the systems to be cleaned, tanks, pipelines, etc., which are designated by the reference number 2 in FIG.
  • the cleaning liquor is circulated.
  • the contamination of the cleaning liquor that accumulates over time is removed with the treatment part shown on the right in FIG. 1.
  • part of the cleaning liquor is discharged into the buffer tank 4 via a line 3.
  • This portion of the cleaning liquor is circulated through a pressure pump 5 and a membrane module 6.
  • the contaminants that accumulate and settle in the buffer tank 4 are removed from time to time via a line 7.
  • the permeate emerging from the membrane module is returned to the collecting tank 1 via the return line 8.
  • the permeate flow was 50 l / hm 2 .
  • the permeate flow was 50 l / hm 2 .

Abstract

The aqueous alkaline cleaning agent proposed contains, as its hydroxide constituent, only potassium hydroxide or a mixture of potassium hydroxide and another alkali, the potassium hydroxide content being at least 20 % by wt., calculated as hydroxide, relative to the total amount of hydroxide present in the agent. The agent proposed enables cleaning to be carried out much more economically than with prior art agents. The method according to the invention includes regeneration of the cleaning agent by means of membrane filtration.

Description

Reinigungsmittel für Anlagen der Lebensmittelindustrie, seine Verwendung und Detergents for equipment in the food industry, its use and
Verfahren zum Reinigen dieser AnlagenProcedures for cleaning these systems
Die Erfindung betrifft ein wäßriges alkalisches Reinigungsmittel für Anlagen der Lebensmittelindustrie, enthaltend Kalilauge.The invention relates to an aqueous alkaline cleaning agent for plants in the food industry, containing potassium hydroxide solution.
Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zum Reinigen von Anlagen der Lebensmittelindustrie unter Einsatz einer alkalischen Reinigungslauge, die mittels Membranfiltration regeneriert wird, wobei man das Permeat zurückführt.The invention also relates to a method for cleaning plants in the food industry using an alkaline cleaning liquor which is regenerated by means of membrane filtration, the permeate being recycled.
Zur Reinigung von Anlagen der lebensmittelverarbeitenden Industrie, z. B. Tanks, Rohrleitungen, Füllanlagen und dergleichen, ist es bekannt, alkalische Reini¬ gungslösungen einzusetzen. Diese Reinigungslaugen bestehen im wesentlichen aus einer 2 %-igen Natronlauge mit einem Zusatz von Reinigungsverstärkern, z. B. Entschäumern und Emulgatoren. Prinzipiell wäre es zwar auch möglich, anstelle von Natronlauge Kalilauge einzusetzen, da diese ein gleichwertiges Reinigungsergebnis erbringt. Aus Kostengründen wird jedoch Natronlauge ver¬ wendet. Nur im Falle niedriger Außentemperaturen wird der Natronlauge im geringen Umfang Kalilauge zugesetzt, um den Kristallisationspunkt des Reini¬ gungsmittelkonzentrates zu erniedrigen. Der Anteil der Kalilauge an den gesamten Hydroxid-Bestandteilen liegt jedoch auf jeden Fall deutlich unterhalb von 20 Gew.-%.For cleaning plants in the food processing industry, e.g. B. tanks, pipes, filling systems and the like, it is known to use alkaline cleaning solutions. These cleaning liquors consist essentially of a 2% sodium hydroxide solution with the addition of cleaning boosters, e.g. B. defoamers and emulsifiers. In principle, it would also be possible to use potassium hydroxide solution instead of sodium hydroxide solution, since this produces an equivalent cleaning result. However, sodium hydroxide solution is used for reasons of cost. Potassium hydroxide is added to the sodium hydroxide solution to a small extent only in the case of low outside temperatures in order to lower the crystallization point of the cleaning agent concentrate. However, the proportion of potassium hydroxide in the total hydroxide components is definitely well below 20% by weight.
In den alkalischen Reinigungslösungen ist oftmals ein Zusatz von Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure (EDTA) in Form ihres Dinatriumsalzes enthalten, da EDTA als einziger Komplexbildner in wäßrigen, alkalischen Reinigungslösungen mineralische Verschmutzungen wie Calcium- und Magnesiumsalze, beispielsweise Wasserhärtebeläge, Milchstein, Bierstein u.a. aufzulösen vermag.The alkaline cleaning solutions often contain an addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the form of its disodium salt, since EDTA is the only complexing agent in aqueous, alkaline cleaning solutions that contains mineral contaminants such as calcium and magnesium salts, e.g. water hardness deposits, milk stone, beer stone and others. can dissolve.
Als Reinigungsverfahren hat sich eine integrierte Reinigungs- und Desinfektions¬ technik, das "Cleaning In Place", abgekürzt CIP, in den letzten Jahren durch¬ gesetzt. Die entsprechenden vollautomatischen Reinigungssysteme reinigen alle Lagertank- und Leitungssysteme automatisch nach jedem Produktionsvorgang. Das erfindungsgemäße Reinigungsmittel und Reinigungsverfahren ist besonders gut zum Einsatz im ClP-Verfahren geeignet. Zur Verringerung der Abwasserbelastung durch verbrauchte Reinigungsiaugen sowie zur Verbesserung der Wirtschaftlichkeit des Reinigungsvorgangs ist es bekannt, die verbrauchte Reinigungslauge über Membranfiltrationsanlagen wieder aufzuarbeiten. Dazu wird ein Teil der Reinigungslauge aus einem Sammelbehälter in einen Puffertank ausgeschleust und von dort im Kreis über ein Membransystem gepumpt, wobei die Filtration im Querstrom erfolgt. Ein derartiges Aufbereitungsverfahren ist aus der WO 95/27681 A1 bekannt. Das aus Wasser und Natronlauge bestehende Permeat wird zum Sammelbehälter für die Reinigungslauge zurückgeführt. Im Puffertank der Membranreinigungsanlage reichern sich die organischen Verunreinigungen an, die von Zeit zu Zeit ent¬ nommen werden, um sie zu entsorgen. Da bei Verwendung EDTA-haltiger Reinigungslaugen ein Eintrag von EDTA in das Abwasser wegen der mangelnden biologischen Abbaubarkeit der Verbindung und ihrer Eigenschaft, Schwermetalle in der Umwelt zu remobilisieren, vermieden werden soll, schlägt die israelische Patentanmeldung IS 109 249 vor, das EDTA durch saure Fällung aus den Konzentraten, die sich im Puffertank sammeln, zurückzugewinnen. Durch EDTA- Zusatz in den Reinigungslaugen werden die Leistungen der Nanofiltrationsanlage aber erniedrigt, was sich in einem deutlich reduzierten Fluß bemerkbar macht. Im Falle von Reinigungsanlagen für die Milchwirtschaft und bei Reinigungslaugen ohne EDTA-Zusatz ist es außerdem bekannt, das Konzentrat mittels Diafiltration von den alkalischen Bestandteilen zu befreien und dann als Viehfutter bzw. als Zusatz zum Viehfutter zu verwenden. Die Diafiltration ist notwendig, um den für den Einsatz als Viehfutter zu hohen Natriumgehalt des Konzentrats herabzusetzen. Nachteilig ist jedoch die große bei der Diafiltration anfallende Menge an Abwasser sowie der Aufwand für die Durchführung der Diafiltration.In recent years, an integrated cleaning and disinfection technique, the "Cleaning In Place", abbreviated to CIP, has become the cleaning method. The corresponding fully automatic cleaning systems clean all storage tank and pipe systems automatically after each production process. The cleaning agent and cleaning method according to the invention is particularly well suited for use in the ClP method. In order to reduce the wastewater load from used cleaning eyes and to improve the economy of the cleaning process, it is known to reprocess the used cleaning solution via membrane filtration systems. For this purpose, part of the cleaning liquor is discharged from a collecting container into a buffer tank and pumped from there in a circle via a membrane system, with the filtration taking place in cross flow. Such a preparation process is known from WO 95/27681 A1. The permeate, which consists of water and sodium hydroxide solution, is returned to the collecting container for the cleaning solution. The organic contaminants, which are removed from time to time, accumulate in the buffer tank of the membrane cleaning system in order to dispose of them. Since the use of EDTA-containing cleaning solutions prevents EDTA from entering the wastewater due to the lack of biodegradability of the compound and its property of remobilizing heavy metals in the environment, the Israeli patent application IS 109 249 suggests EDTA by acid precipitation from the concentrates that collect in the buffer tank. By adding EDTA in the cleaning liquors, however, the performance of the nanofiltration system is reduced, which is noticeable in a significantly reduced flow. In the case of cleaning systems for the dairy industry and in the case of cleaning lyes without the addition of EDTA, it is also known to remove the alkaline constituents from the concentrate by means of diafiltration and then to use them as animal feed or as an additive to animal feed. Diafiltration is necessary to reduce the sodium content of the concentrate, which is too high for use as animal feed. However, the large amount of wastewater that arises during diafiltration and the outlay for carrying out diafiltration are disadvantageous.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein alkalisches Reinigungsmittel sowie ein Verfahren zum Reinigen von Anlagen der Lebensmittelindustrie der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, das eine erheblich wirtschaftlichere Reinigung als im Stand der Technik ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to provide an alkaline cleaning agent and a method for cleaning systems of the food industry of the type mentioned, which enables considerably more economical cleaning than in the prior art.
Diese Aufgabe wird beim wäßrigen alkalischen Reinigungsmittel dadurch gelöst, daß das Reinigungsmittel als Hydroxid-Bestandteil ausschließlich Kalilauge oder eine Mischung aus Kalilauge und einem anderen Alkali, insbesondere Natron¬ lauge, mit mindestens 20 Gew.-% Kalilauge enthält, berechnet als Hydroxid und bezogen auf die gesamte im Reinigungsmittel enthaltene Hydroxidmenge. Im Falle des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsverfahrens wird die genannte Auf¬ gabe dadurch gelöst, daß man eine Reinigungslauge einsetzt, deren Hydroxid- Bestandteil ausschließlich aus Kalilauge oder aus einer Mischung aus Kalilauge und einem anderen Alkali, insbesondere Natronlauge, mit mindestens 20 Gew.-% Kalilauge besteht, berechnet als Hydroxid und bezogen auf die gesamte in der Reinigungslauge enthaltene Hydroxidmenge.In the case of aqueous alkaline cleaning agents, this object is achieved in that the cleaning agent contains only potassium hydroxide or a mixture of potassium hydroxide and another alkali, in particular sodium hydroxide solution, with at least 20% by weight of potassium hydroxide, calculated as hydroxide and based on the hydroxide component the total amount of hydroxide contained in the detergent. In the case of the cleaning process according to the invention, the above-mentioned object is achieved by using a cleaning solution whose hydroxide component consists exclusively of potassium hydroxide solution or of a mixture of potassium hydroxide solution and another alkali, in particular sodium hydroxide solution, with at least 20% by weight of potassium hydroxide solution , calculated as hydroxide and based on the total amount of hydroxide contained in the cleaning solution.
Überraschenderweise haben die Erfinder nämlich festgestellt, daß ein teilweiser oder vollständiger Ersatz von Natriumhydroxid durch Kaliumhydroxid die Leistung der Membrananlage um mindestens 10 bis 50 % steigert. Die Leistung bezieht sich hier auf die erreichten Permeatflüsse. Dadurch läßt sich die Anlagenin¬ vestition sowie der Energieverbrauch der Membranfiltrationsanlage reduzieren. Höhere Konzentrationen der abgetrennten Schmutzfracht sind möglich, so daß die Menge der Schmutzfracht verringert und die Ausbeute an regenerierter Lauge erhöht wird.Surprisingly, the inventors have found that a partial or complete replacement of sodium hydroxide with potassium hydroxide increases the performance of the membrane system by at least 10 to 50%. The performance here relates to the permeate flows achieved. As a result, the system investment and the energy consumption of the membrane filtration system can be reduced. Higher concentrations of the separated dirt load are possible, so that the amount of the dirt load is reduced and the yield of regenerated lye is increased.
Zusätzlich wurde ein weiterer Vorteil festgestellt. Im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik, in welchem man als Konzentrat eine bei Raumtemperatur relativ feste Masse erhält, die zu Problemen beim Austrag aus dem Puffertank sowie bei der Weiterverarbeitung führt, erhält man beim Einsatz des erfindungsgemaßen Reini¬ gungsmittels bzw. bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemaßen Verfahrens eine bei Raumtemperatur und sogar noch bei einer Temperatur von 0 °C flüssige, die Verunreinigungen enthaltende Masse. Zum einen wird die Abfallogistik erleichtert, und zum anderen kann eine höhere Aufkonzentrierung und damit ein höherer Nährstoffgehalt im Fall der Tierfutterverwertung und ein höherer Energiegehalt im Falle der thermischen Verwertung erreicht werden.In addition, another benefit was found. In contrast to the prior art, in which a concentrate is obtained which is relatively solid at room temperature and which leads to problems with the discharge from the buffer tank and with further processing, the cleaning agent according to the invention or the implementation of the invention leads to problems Process a mass containing the impurities liquid at room temperature and even at a temperature of 0 ° C. On the one hand, waste logistics are facilitated, and on the other hand, a higher concentration and thus a higher nutrient content in the case of animal feed recycling and a higher energy content in the case of thermal recycling can be achieved.
Die genannten Vorteile wurden bereits einem Anteil von mindestens 20 Gew.-% Kalilauge, berechnet als Hydroxid und bezogen auf die gesamte im Reini¬ gungsmittel enthaltene Hydroxidmenge beobachtet. Der Nachteil der höheren Kosten beim Einsatz von Kalilauge anstelle von Natronlauge fällt nicht ins Gewicht, da die Kalilauge größtenteils regeneriert wird.The advantages mentioned have already been observed in a proportion of at least 20% by weight of potassium hydroxide solution, calculated as hydroxide and based on the total amount of hydroxide contained in the cleaning agent. The disadvantage of the higher costs when using potassium hydroxide solution instead of sodium hydroxide solution is negligible, since the potassium hydroxide solution is largely regenerated.
Im Falle der Nanofiltration EDTA-haltiger Reinigungslaugen wird durch den Ersatz der Natrium- durch Kaliumsalze die Leistung der Membranfiltrationsanlage ebenfalls erhöht. Nachteile, die bei der Filtration durch den Einsatz von EDTA auftreten, können auf diese Weise durch simplen Einsatz von Kalilauge und EDTA in Form der freien Säure oder ihres Kaliumsalzes kompensiert oder sogar überkompensiert werden. Ein Einsatz des Dinatriumsalzes der EDTA ist ebenfalls möglich, wenn hierdurch der Gehalt der Mittel an Natriumionen gewisse Grenzen nicht übersteigt. Werden alle Alkalimetallionen als Alkalihydroxid berechnet, so darf der Gehalt der Mittel an Kalilauge, bezogen auf die gesamte im Reinigungsmittel enthaltene Hydroxidmenge, nicht unter 20 Gew.-% sinken. Generell steigt die Leistung der Filtrationsanlage mit dem Verhältnis von Kalium- zu Natriumionen im Reinigungsmittel, das heißt, natriumfreie Reinigungslösungen ergeben die höchsten Durchflußmengen in l/m2h.In the case of nanofiltration of EDTA-containing cleaning solutions, the performance of the membrane filtration system is also increased by replacing the sodium salts with potassium salts. Disadvantages that occur in the filtration through the use of EDTA can be compensated for or simply by simply using potassium hydroxide solution and EDTA in the form of the free acid or its potassium salt be overcompensated. Use of the EDTA disodium salt is also possible if the sodium ion content of the agent does not exceed certain limits. If all alkali metal ions are calculated as alkali hydroxide, the potassium hydroxide content of the detergent, based on the total amount of hydroxide in the detergent, must not drop below 20% by weight. In general, the performance of the filtration system increases with the ratio of potassium to sodium ions in the cleaning agent, which means that sodium-free cleaning solutions give the highest flow rates in l / m 2 h.
Vorzugsweise enthält das Reinigungsmittel eine Mischung aus Kalilauge und einem andere Alkali, vorzugsweise Natronlauge, mit mindestens 50 Gew.-% Kali¬ lauge, berechnet und bezogen wie oben genannt.The cleaning agent preferably contains a mixture of potassium hydroxide solution and another alkali, preferably sodium hydroxide solution, with at least 50% by weight of potassium hydroxide solution, calculated and referred to as mentioned above.
Der Vorteil der EDTA-freien Reinigungsmittel mit mindestens 50 Gew -% Kalilauge liegt in der Möglichkeit, die abfiltrierten Verunreinigungen unmittelbar ohne weitere Nachbehandlung als Tierfutter, z. B. als Schweinefutter, einzusetzen, da ein erhöhter Salzgehalt im Falle von Kaliumsalzen eher als ein erhöhter Natriumsalz- Gehalt toleriert werden kann.The advantage of EDTA-free cleaning agents with at least 50% by weight of potassium hydroxide solution is the possibility of filtering off the contaminations immediately as animal feed without further treatment, e.g. B. as pig feed, because an increased salt content in the case of potassium salts can be tolerated rather than an increased sodium salt content.
In einer besonderes bevorzugten Ausführungsform enthält das EDTA-freie Reinigungsmittel als Hydroxid-Bestandteil .ausschließlich Kalilauge. Das in dickem Fall bei der Membranfiltration enthaltene Konzentrat stellt wegen seines hohen Anteils an Kaliumionen einen wertvollen Zusatzstoff für Tierfutter, insbesondere für Schweinefutter dar.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the EDTA fr eie detergent as the hydroxide component .ausschließlich contains potassium hydroxide solution. The concentrate, which is contained in a thick case in membrane filtration, is a valuable additive for animal feed, especially for pig feed, due to its high proportion of potassium ions.
Vorteilhaft im Hinblick auf eine Verwertung der abgetrennten Verunreinigungen als Tierfutter ist es außerdem, wenn das Reinigungsmittel Additive enthält, die sämtlich als Zusatzstoffe für Tierfutter geeignet sind. Als solche speziellen, physiologisch unbedenklichen Reinigungsverstärker, die in den bekannten Reini¬ gungsmitteln nicht eingesetzt werden, werden insbesondere Phosphate, Gluconate und/oder lebensmittelrechtlich zugelassene Entschäumer und Emul- gatoren vorgeschlagen.With regard to the utilization of the separated impurities as animal feed, it is also advantageous if the cleaning agent contains additives, all of which are suitable as additives for animal feed. In particular, phosphates, gluconates and / or defoamers and emulsifiers approved under food law are proposed as such special, physiologically harmless cleaning enhancers that are not used in the known cleaning agents.
Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn das Reinigungsmittel neben den Hydroxid- Bestandteilen Additive enthält, die in der Form von Kaliumsalzen vorliegen. Zum einen läßt sich die Leistung der Membranfiltrationsanlage in diesem Fall zusätzlich erhöhen. Wenn der Permeatfluß bei einem herkömmlichen, auf Natronlauge basierenden Reinigungsmittel z. B. 50 l/m2 h beträgt, wird diese Leistung durch den Ersatz der Natronlauge durch Kalilauge auf 70 l/rr)2 h gesteigert. Enthält das Reinigungsmittel als Reinigungsverstärker zusätzlich noch Kalium-Tripolyphos- phat, so steigt der Permeatfluß zusätzlich auf 74 l/m2 h an.There are further advantages if the cleaning agent contains, in addition to the hydroxide constituents, additives which are in the form of potassium salts. On the one hand, the performance of the membrane filtration system can be additionally increased in this case. If the permeate flow in a conventional sodium hydroxide based detergent such. B. is 50 l / m 2 h, this performance is the replacement of the sodium hydroxide solution with potassium hydroxide solution was increased to 70 l / rr) for 2 hours. If the cleaning agent also contains potassium tripolyphosphate as a cleaning booster, the permeate flow additionally increases to 74 l / m 2 h.
Ein weiterer Vorteil dieser in Form von Kaliumsalzen vorliegenden Additive ist die besonders gute Eignung als Tierfutterzusatz.Another advantage of these additives in the form of potassium salts is their particularly good suitability as animal feed additives.
Wie bereits oben ausgeführt worden ist, läßt sich das erfindungsgemäße Reini¬ gungsmittel vorteilhaft für Anlagen der Lebensmittelindustrie verwenden, die mit einer Regenerierungsanlage für verbrauchte Reinigungslaugen ausgerüstet sind. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung des Reinigungsmittels in Anlagen der Milchwirtschaft, da das anfallende Konzentrat ohne weitere Nachbehandlung als Tierfutter verwendet werden kann. Eine Diafiltration oder eine andere zusätzliche Aufarbeitung ist in der Regel nicht notwendig. Es entfällt nicht nur eine auf¬ wendige Entsorgung der abgetrennten Verunreinigungen, sondern diese "Verunreinigungen" stellen einen neuen Wertstoff dar. Sollte der erhöhte Salz¬ gehalt jedoch mittels Diafiltration herabgesetzt werden, so läßt sich diese Aufarbeitung im Falle des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittels bzw. Reini¬ gungsverfahrens wesentlich schneller und damit wirtschaftlicher durchführen.As has already been explained above, the cleaning agent according to the invention can advantageously be used for systems in the food industry which are equipped with a regeneration system for used cleaning liquors. The use of the cleaning agent in dairy farming systems is particularly preferred, since the concentrate obtained can be used as animal feed without further aftertreatment. Diafiltration or other additional work-up is usually not necessary. Not only is there no elaborate disposal of the separated impurities, but these "impurities" represent a new valuable substance. However, if the increased salt content is reduced by means of diafiltration, this can be worked up in the case of the cleaning agent or cleaning agent according to the invention implementation process much faster and therefore more economically.
Aus den bei der Nanofiltration EDTA-haltiger Reinigungslaugen erhaltenen Konzentraten kann die EDTA durch stufenweises Ansäuern wiedergewonnen werden. Säuert man das Konzentrat (wie in der israelischen Anmeldung IS 109 249 beschrieben) unspezifisch an, so fällt neben EDTA auch fast der gesamte, im Konzentrat enthaltene Schmutz aus. Beim Wiederauflösen der gefällten und abfiltrierten EDTA mittels einer Lauge wird auch der Schmutz wieder gelöst. Führt man diese Lösung der mittels Nanofiltration gereinigten Lauge zu, wird quasi wieder der Verschmutzungsgrad vor der Nanofiltration erreicht. Durch stufenweises Ansäuern (fraktionierte Fällung) kann die Hauptmenge des Schmutzes vor dem Fällungspunkt für EDTA gefällt werden. Durch einfache Filtration kann dieser gefällte Schmutz dann entfernt werden. Wird in der filtrierten Lösung der pH-Wert weiter gesenkt, fällt EDTA mit einem weitaus geringeren Gehalt an Restverschmutzungen aus. Die abfiltrierte EDTA kann mit Alkali wieder in eine lösliche Form überführt und zum Beispiel dem Permeat aus der Nanofiltration zugesetzt werden. Da gewisse Anteile EDTA sowohl im gefällten Schlamm als auch in der Lösung, aus der gefällt wurde, verbleiben, können mit dieser Methode 80 - 90% der ursprünglich eingesetzten EDTA recycelt werden. Der abfiltrierte Schmutz ist wegen seines Restgehaltes an EDTA allerdings nicht mehr als Viehfutter verwendbar.The EDTA can be recovered from the concentrates obtained in the nanofiltration of EDTA-containing cleaning liquors by stepwise acidification. If the concentrate is acidified unspecifically (as described in the Israeli application IS 109 249), in addition to EDTA, almost all of the dirt contained in the concentrate precipitates. When the precipitated and filtered EDTA is redissolved with a lye, the dirt is also loosened again. If this solution is added to the lye cleaned by means of nanofiltration, the degree of contamination before the nanofiltration is reached again. By gradual acidification (fractional precipitation), the bulk of the dirt can be precipitated for the EDTA precipitation point. This precipitated dirt can then be removed by simple filtration. If the pH in the filtered solution is further reduced, EDTA will precipitate with a much lower level of residual contamination. The filtered EDTA can be converted back into a soluble form with alkali and added to the permeate from the nanofiltration, for example. Since certain portions of EDTA remain both in the precipitated sludge and in the solution from which it was precipitated, this method can be used to recycle 80-90% of the EDTA originally used. Due to its residual EDTA content, the filtered dirt can no longer be used as animal feed.
Im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden zur Regenerierung der Reinigungs¬ lauge vorzugsweise alkalibeständige Nanofiltrationsmembranen mit einem D-Wert von 100 bis 2000 Dalton eingesetzt. Derartige Membrane sind für Moleküle mit einem Molekulargewicht bis zu dem genannten D-Wert durchlässig, halten aber Moleküle mit höheren Molekulargewichten zurück.In the process according to the invention, alkali-resistant nanofiltration membranes with a D value of 100 to 2000 daltons are preferably used to regenerate the cleaning liquor. Such membranes are permeable to molecules with a molecular weight up to the stated D value, but retain molecules with higher molecular weights.
Insbesondere betreibt man die Membranfiltration im Querstrom mit einer trans- membranen Druckdifferenz von 8 bis 25 bar.In particular, membrane filtration is operated in cross flow with a transmembrane pressure difference of 8 to 25 bar.
Weiterhin ist es im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bevorzugt, daß man zum Reinigen von Anlagen der Milchwirtschaft eine Reinigungslauge einsetzt, die neben dem Hydroxid-Bestandteilen ausschließlich Zusätze enthält, die als Zusatzstoffe für Tierfutter geeignet sind, und daß man das bei der Membran¬ filtration anfallende Konzentrat als Tierfutter oder Zusatz zum Tierfutter verwen¬ det.Furthermore, it is preferred in the process according to the invention that a cleaning liquor is used for cleaning plants in the dairy industry which, in addition to the hydroxide constituents, contains only additives which are suitable as additives for animal feed and that the concentrate obtained in membrane filtration is used as Animal feed or additive to animal feed is used.
Ein Konzentrat mit besonders hohem Kaliumanteil ist wesentlich besser als Konzentrate mit hohen Natriumanteilen zum Einsatz als Tierfutter, z. B. als Schweinefutter geeignet. Daher wird außerdem vorgeschlagen, daß die Hydroxid- Bestandteile der Reinigungslauge ausschließlich aus Kalilauge bestehen.A concentrate with a particularly high potassium content is much better than concentrates with a high sodium content for use as animal feed, e.g. B. suitable as pig feed. Therefore, it is also proposed that the hydroxide components of the cleaning solution consist exclusively of potassium hydroxide.
Im folgenden wird zunächst das bekannte Reinigungsverfahren anhand der ein¬ zigen Zeichnung näher erläutert, die ein vereinfachtes Fließbiit mes CIP-Reini- gungssystems mit nachgeschalteter Regenerierungsanlage für die Reinigungs¬ lauge darstellt. Im Anschluß daran werden einige Ausführungsbeispiele angeführt, die die Überlegenheit des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bzw. Reinigungsmittels gegenüber dem Stand der Technik zeigen.In the following, the known cleaning method is first explained in more detail with reference to the single drawing, which represents a simplified flow bit with CIP cleaning system with a downstream regeneration system for the cleaning liquor. A number of exemplary embodiments are then given, which show the superiority of the method or cleaning agent according to the invention over the prior art.
Aus einem Sammeltank 1 für die Reiπigungslauge mit einem Volumen von 5 bis 30 m3 wird die Lauge, die etwa 2 Gew.-% Natronlauge im Stand der Technik und 2 Gew.-% Kalilauge entsprechend der Erfindung enthält und auf 60 bis 70 °C tem¬ periert ist, den zu reinigenden Anlagen, Tanks, Rohrleitungen, usw. zugeleitet, die in Figur 1 mit dem Bezugszeichen 2 bezeichnet sind. Die Reinigungslauge wird im Kreislauf gefahren. Die sich im Laufe der Zeit anreichernden Verunreinigungen der Reinigungslauge werden mit dem rechts in Figur 1 dargestellten Aufbereitungsteil entfernt. Dazu wird über eine Leitung 3 ein Teil der Reinigungslauge in den Puffertank 4 aus¬ geschleust. Dieser Anteil der Reinigungslauge wird im Kreislauf über eine Druck¬ pumpe 5 und ein Membranmodul 6 im Kreislauf gefahren. Die sich im Puffertank 4 ansammelnden und absetzenden Verunreinigungen werden von Zeit zu Zeit über eine Leitung 7 entnommen. Das aus dem Membranmodul austretende Permeat wird über die Rückführleitung 8 in den Sammeltank 1 zurückgeführt.From a collecting tank 1 for the cleaning solution with a volume of 5 to 30 m3, the liquor, which contains about 2% by weight of sodium hydroxide solution in the prior art and 2% by weight of potassium hydroxide solution according to the invention, is heated to 60 to 70 ° C. ¬ is perforated, supplied to the systems to be cleaned, tanks, pipelines, etc., which are designated by the reference number 2 in FIG. The cleaning liquor is circulated. The contamination of the cleaning liquor that accumulates over time is removed with the treatment part shown on the right in FIG. 1. For this purpose, part of the cleaning liquor is discharged into the buffer tank 4 via a line 3. This portion of the cleaning liquor is circulated through a pressure pump 5 and a membrane module 6. The contaminants that accumulate and settle in the buffer tank 4 are removed from time to time via a line 7. The permeate emerging from the membrane module is returned to the collecting tank 1 via the return line 8.
Beispiel 1 (Vergleichsbeispiel)Example 1 (comparative example)
Eingesetzt wurde eine den Praxisbedingungen entsprechende, künstlich ver¬ schmutzte Lauge mit einer Temperatur von 60 bis 65 °C, die durch ein Einrohr- Modul mit einer Membranfläche von 0,042 m2 und einer Nanofiltrationsmembran MPT 34 der Firma Membrane Products bei 18 bar Eingangsdruck und 14 bar Ausgangsdruck und einem Durchsatz von 1000 l/h über 75 bis 120 min geleitet worden ist. Die Permeatseite der Membran stand unter Atmosphärendruck.Was used a the practical conditions corresponding artificially ver¬ polluted liquor with a temperature of 60 to 65 ° C, the m by a single-tube module with a membrane area of 0.042 2 and a nanofiltration membrane MPT 34 membrane of the company Products at 18 bar input pressure and 14 bar outlet pressure and a throughput of 1000 l / h over 75 to 120 min. The permeate side of the membrane was under atmospheric pressure.
Im Falle einer ausschließlich 2 %ige Natronlauge enthaltenden Reinigungslauge betrug der Permeatfluß 50 l/h m2.In the case of a cleaning liquor containing only 2% sodium hydroxide solution, the permeate flow was 50 l / hm 2 .
Beim Einsatz von ausschließlich aus 2 %iger Kalilauge bestehender Reinigungs¬ lauge stieg der Permeatfluß auf 70 l/h m2 an.When using cleaning solution consisting exclusively of 2% potassium hydroxide solution, the permeate flow rose to 70 l / hm 2 .
Bei Zusatz von 0,1 Gew.-% Gluconsäure zu der die Kalilauge enthaltenden Reini¬ gungslauge wurde ein Permeatfluß von 65 l/h m2 beobachtet. Bei einem Zusatz von 0,25 Gew.-% Kaliumtripolyphosphat zur kalilaugehaltigen Reinigungslauge stellte man einen Permeatfluß von 73 bis 75 l/h m2 fest.When 0.1% by weight of gluconic acid was added to the cleaning liquor containing the potassium hydroxide solution, a permeate flow of 65 l / hm 2 was observed. When 0.25% by weight of potassium tripolyphosphate was added to the cleaning solution containing potassium hydroxide, a permeate flow of 73 to 75 l / hm 2 was found.
Diese Ergebnisse zeigen die deutliche Überlegenheit des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittels bzw. Reinigungsverfahrens über dem Stand der Technik, da deutlich höhere Leistungen erreicht werden. Ein zusätzlicher Vorteil liegt in dem nur geringen Natriumgehalt des anfallenden Konzentrats, so daß eine Verwertung als Tierfutter problemlos ohne weitere Aufarbeitung des Konzentrates möglich ist. Insbesondere entfällt die aufwendige Diafiltration, die in dem Verfahren nach dem Stand der Technik erforderlich ist, um den Natriumgehalt auf tolerable Werte herabzusetzen. Beispiel 2These results show the clear superiority of the cleaning agent or cleaning method according to the invention over the prior art, since significantly higher performances are achieved. An additional advantage lies in the low sodium content of the concentrate, so that it can be used as animal feed without further processing of the concentrate. In particular, the complex diafiltration that is required in the prior art process to reduce the sodium content to tolerable values is eliminated. Example 2
Eingesetzt wurde eine den Praxisbedingungen entsprechende, künstlich ver¬ schmutzte Lauge mit einer Temperatur von 60 bis 65 °C und einem EDTA-Gehalt von 0,7 Gew.-% , die durch ein Einrohr-Modul mit einer Membranfläche von 0,042 m2 und einer Nanofiltrationsmembran MPT 34 der Firma Membrane Products bei 18 bar Eingangsdruck und 14 bar Ausgangsdruck und einem Durchsatz von 1000 l/h über 180 min geleitet worden sind. Die Permeatseite der Membran stand unter Atmosphärendruck.An artificially soiled alkali corresponding to practical conditions was used with a temperature of 60 to 65 ° C. and an EDTA content of 0.7% by weight, which was formed by a single-tube module with a membrane area of 0.042 m 2 and a Nanofiltration membrane MPT 34 from Membrane Products at 18 bar inlet pressure and 14 bar outlet pressure and a throughput of 1000 l / h over 180 min. The permeate side of the membrane was under atmospheric pressure.
Im Falle einer ausschließlich 2 %ige Natronlauge enthaltenden Reinigungslauge betrug der Permeatfluß 50 l/h m2.In the case of a cleaning liquor containing only 2% sodium hydroxide solution, the permeate flow was 50 l / hm 2 .
Bei Zusatz von 0,7 Gew.-% EDTA zu der die Natronlauge enthaltenden Reini¬ gungslauge wurde ein Permeatfluß von lediglich 30 l/h m2 beobachtet.When 0.7% by weight of EDTA was added to the cleaning liquor containing the sodium hydroxide solution, a permeate flow of only 30 l / hm 2 was observed.
Beim Einsatz von ausschließlich aus 2 %iger Kalilauge bestehender Reinigungs¬ lauge stieg der Permeatfluß auf 70 l/h m2 an.When using cleaning solution consisting exclusively of 2% potassium hydroxide solution, the permeate flow rose to 70 l / hm 2 .
Bei Zusatz von 0,7 Gew.-% EDTA zu der die Kalilauge enthaltenden Reinigungs¬ lauge wurde ein Permeatfluß von 60 l/h m2 beobachtet, also ein gegenüber der EDTA-freien natronlaugehaltigen Reinigungslösung noch um 20% verbesserter Wert.When 0.7% by weight of EDTA was added to the cleaning solution containing the potassium hydroxide solution, a permeate flow of 60 l / hm 2 was observed, that is to say a value which was 20% better than the cleaning solution containing EDTA-free sodium hydroxide solution.
Diese Ergebnisse zeigen die deutliche Überlegenheit des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittels bzw. Reinigungsverfahrens über dem Stand der Technik, da deutlich höhere Leistungen erreicht werden, die auch durch den Zusatz von EDTA nicht so signifikant verschlechtert werden wie die Leistungen der Reinigungsmittel bzw. Reinigungsverfahren des Standes der Technik. These results show the clear superiority of the cleaning agent or cleaning method according to the invention over the prior art, since significantly higher performances are achieved, which are not deteriorated by the addition of EDTA as significantly as the performance of the cleaning agents or cleaning methods of the prior art.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Wäßriges alkalisches Reinigungsmittel für Anlagen der Lebensmittel¬ industrie, enthaltend Kalilauge, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reinigungsmittel als Hydroxid-Bestandteil ausschließlich Kalilauge oder eine Mischung aus Kalilauge und einem anderen Alkali, insbesondere1. Aqueous alkaline cleaning agent for plants in the food industry, containing potassium hydroxide solution, characterized in that the cleaning agent as a hydroxide component exclusively contains potassium hydroxide solution or a mixture of potassium hydroxide solution and another alkali, in particular
Natronlauge, mit mindestens 20 Gew.-% Kalilauge enthält, berechnet alsSodium hydroxide solution, containing at least 20% by weight of potassium hydroxide solution, calculated as
Hydroxid und bezogen auf die gesamte im Reinigungsmittel enthalteneHydroxide and based on the total contained in the detergent
Hydroxidmenge.Amount of hydroxide.
2. Reinigungsmittel nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Mischung aus Kalilauge und einem anderen Alkali, vorzugs¬ weise Natronlauge, mit mindestens 50 Gew.-% Kalilauge enthält, berechnet und bezogen wie in Anspruch 1.2. Cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a mixture of potassium hydroxide solution and another alkali, preferably sodium hydroxide solution, with at least 50% by weight of potassium hydroxide solution, calculated and obtained as in claim 1.
3. Reinigungsmittel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es als Hydroxid-Bestandteil ausschließlich Kalilauge enthält.3. Cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains only potassium hydroxide as a hydroxide component.
4. Reinigungsmittel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es Additive enthält, die sämtlich als Zusatzstoffe für Tierfutter geeignet sind.4. Cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains additives which are all suitable as additives for animal feed.
5. Reinigungsmittel nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es als Additive Phosphate, Gluconate und/oder lebensmittelrechtlich zugelassene Entschäumer und Emulgatoren enthält.5. Cleaning agent according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it contains additives such as phosphates, gluconates and / or food defoamers and emulsifiers.
6. Reinigungsmittel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es neben den Hydroxid-Bestandteilen Additive enthält, die in der Form von Kaliumsalzen vorliegen.6. Cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains, in addition to the hydroxide components, additives which are in the form of potassium salts.
7. Reinigungsmittel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es neben den Hydroxid-Bestandteilen Ethylendiaminteraessigsäure7. Cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in addition to the hydroxide components, ethylenediamine acetic acid
(EDTA) enthält.(EDTA) contains.
8. Reinigungsmittel nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß EDTA in Form der freien Säure oder eines Kaliumsalzes eingesetzt wird.8. Cleaning agent according to the preceding claim, characterized in that EDTA is used in the form of the free acid or a potassium salt.
9. Reinigungsmittel nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dinatriumsalz der EDTA eingesetzt wird, wobei der Gehalt an Kalilauge, wenn alle Alkalimetallionen als Hydroxide berechnet werden, bezogen auf die gesamte im Reinigungsmittel enthaltene Hydroxidmenge mindestens 20 Gew.-% beträgt.9. Cleaning agent according to claim 7, characterized in that the disodium salt of EDTA is used, the potassium hydroxide content, when all alkali metal ions are calculated as hydroxides, is at least 20% by weight, based on the total amount of hydroxide contained in the cleaning agent.
10. Verwendung eines Reinigungsmittels nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche für Anlagen der Lebensmittelindustrie, wobei diese Anlagen mit einer Regenerierungsanlage für verbrauchte Reinigungslaugen ausgerüstet sind.10. Use of a cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims for systems in the food industry, these systems being equipped with a regeneration system for used cleaning liquors.
11. Verwendung eines Reinigungsmittels nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch für Anlagen der Milchwirtschaft.11. Use of a cleaning agent according to the preceding claim for plants in the dairy industry.
12. Verfahren zum Reinigen von Anlagen der Lebensmittelindustrie unter Ein¬ satz einer alkalischen Reinigungslauge, die mittels Membranfiltration rege¬ neriert wird, wobei man das Permeat zurückführt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine Reinigungslauge einsetzt, deren Hydroxid-Bestandteil aus¬ schließlich aus Kalilauge oder aus einer Mischung aus Kalilauge und einem anderen Alkali, insbesondere Natronlauge, mit mindestens 20 Gew.-% Kalilauge besteht, berechnet als Hydroxid und bezogen auf die gesamte in der Reinigungslauge enthaltene Hydroxidmenge.12. A process for cleaning plants in the food industry using an alkaline cleaning liquor which is regenerated by means of membrane filtration, the permeate being recycled, characterized in that a cleaning liquor is used whose hydroxide component consists exclusively of potassium hydroxide solution or consists of a mixture of potassium hydroxide solution and another alkali, in particular sodium hydroxide solution, with at least 20% by weight potassium hydroxide solution, calculated as hydroxide and based on the total amount of hydroxide contained in the cleaning solution.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man zur Regenerierung der Reinigungslauge alkalibeständige Nano¬ filtrationsmembranen mit einem D-Wert von 100 bis 2000 Dalton einsetzt. 13. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that one uses alkali-resistant Nano¬ filtration membranes with a D value of 100 to 2000 Dalton to regenerate the cleaning solution.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Membranfϊftration im Querstrom mit einer transmembranen Druckdifferenz von 8 bis 25 bar betreibt.14. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the membrane filtration is operated in cross flow with a transmembrane pressure difference of 8 to 25 bar.
15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man zum Reinigen von Anlagen der Milchwirtschaft eine Reinigungs¬ lauge einsetzt, die neben den Hydroxid-Bestandteilen ausschließlich Zusätze enthält, die als Zusatzstoffe für Tierfutter geeignet sind, und daß man das bei der Membranfiltration anfallende Konzentrat als Tierfutter oder Zusatz zum Tierfutter verwendet.15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that one uses a cleaning liquor for cleaning dairy plants which, in addition to the hydroxide components, contains only additives which are suitable as additives for animal feed, and in that concentrate obtained in membrane filtration used as animal feed or additive to animal feed.
16. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hydroxid-Bestandteile der Reinigungslauge ausschließlich aus Kalilauge bestehen.16. The method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the hydroxide components of the cleaning solution consist exclusively of potassium hydroxide solution.
17. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aus den bei der Nanofiltration EDTA-haltiger Reinigungslaugen erhaltenen Konzentraten die EDTA durch fraktionierte Fällung und Abfiltration der Hauptmenge des Schmutzes vor der Fällung der EDTA wiedergewonnen und nach Auflösung mit Alkalilauge dem Permeat aus der Nnaπofiltration zugeführt wird. 17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that from the concentrates obtained in the nanofiltration of EDTA-containing cleaning liquors, the EDTA is recovered by fractional precipitation and filtration of the majority of the dirt before the precipitation of the EDTA and after dissolution with alkali metal hydroxide solution the permeate is fed from the nanofiltration.
EP97903331A 1996-03-01 1997-02-20 Cleaning agent for food-industry facilities, its use and method of cleaning such facilities using the agent Expired - Lifetime EP0883676B1 (en)

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DE19607800A DE19607800A1 (en) 1996-03-01 1996-03-01 Detergents for equipment in the food industry, its use and processes for cleaning these equipment
PCT/EP1997/000799 WO1997032000A2 (en) 1996-03-01 1997-02-20 Cleaning agent for food-industry facilities, its use and method of cleaning such facilities using the agent

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DE59703437D1 (en) 2001-05-31
CA2248080A1 (en) 1997-09-04
GR3035881T3 (en) 2001-08-31
WO1997032000A2 (en) 1997-09-04
AU1792997A (en) 1997-09-16
WO1997032000A3 (en) 1997-12-11
JP2000506910A (en) 2000-06-06
NZ331625A (en) 1999-11-29
NO983115L (en) 1998-07-06
EP0883676B1 (en) 2001-04-25
BR9707898A (en) 1999-07-27
DK0883676T3 (en) 2001-08-13
AU714812B2 (en) 2000-01-13
US6204231B1 (en) 2001-03-20
ES2156360T3 (en) 2001-06-16
ATE200792T1 (en) 2001-05-15
DE19607800A1 (en) 1997-09-04

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