EP0882169B1 - Fire door - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a fire barrier which includes a functional combination of at least one single-panel casement panel and a sliding panel which is connected or adjacent to it. The sliding panel, which can be automatically moved horizontally during normal operation, contains an auxiliary drive mechanism which, in an emergency, moves the sliding panel without an outside power source into the open position. The casement panel is moved simultaneously by a closing mechanism from its fixed or open position into the correct closed position to create or act as a barrier.

Description

The invention relates to a fire door according to the preamble of the claim 1, in which the pivoted wings over bands on one Frame are chipped and with a working without external energy Interact locking mechanism such that when a Danger signal from a smoke detector the door standing in the open position is transferred to the closed position with its door leaves. It also includes the invention a method for operating a fire door.

Such fire doors are used especially in public buildings, Hospitals, hotels, workshops, etc. built in to help break out of a fire may spread prevention. For this, individual fire compartments are created in buildings, which are separated by firewalls. However, it is also necessary that passageways exist for people in the firewall so that in the event of a fire, for example, the people in the building can leave as soon as possible. Such fire doors must therefore simultaneously meet two conditions, d. H. on the one hand, they have to automatically close when a fire breaks out, but also at the same time, they must be to the people still in the room give them the opportunity to leave it undamaged. Consequently Such fire doors are located in the area of the escape and rescue routes.

A fire door that is equipped with a fire door leaf is for example from DE 195 22 366 A1. The one described here Fire protection door leaf is made of wood, while door leaves also Steel with appropriate fillings as well as light metal or glass Frame doors with a glass panel are generally designed as fire protection doors are known.

Since such doors, which are designed as swing doors, d. H. the Door leaf is fastened to a frame by means of hinges, usually are in the open position to the movement of goods and people To let pass through unhindered are such doors next to one Smoke detectors for triggering alarms, for example with electrical ones Door holding and releasing devices, as disclosed in DE 25 31 314 A1, equipped. This type of door has a locking mechanism equipped who works without external energy. This includes in particular door closers, both top door closers and floor door closers. If it is a double-leaf door, it is beyond a closing sequence control device is present, which ensures that the As a rule, the standing leaf first folds over the door leaves, d. H. the wing which is normally closed, and only then the active leaf is transferred to the correct closed position. The electrical holding devices allow door leaves to remain in the open position and only by triggering a fire signal via the smoke detector then bring these door leaves into the correct closed position.

As an alternative to that described in the aforementioned DE 25 31 314 A1 The device can also be used as so-called adhesive magnets, for example in the company brochure DORMA EM for preventive fire protection be used. These door holding magnets also represent locking devices, the fire protection closures Hold in the open state. If there is a risk of fire, the Detection by a trigger device (smoke detector and control unit) canceled.

There are also devices for automatically closing fire protection doors become known in which by melting a Link closed due to increased temperatures that there are counterweights that have such a door in bring the closed position.

An automatic sliding door with at least one leaf is the DE 40 14 727 A1, the sliding door next to the normal drive is equipped with another auxiliary drive. With normal When the door leaves are closed, energy is supplied to the auxiliary drive and in it saved. This stored energy is used in the event of a power cut or shutdown the mains connection and / or if there is an interruption the normal operation of the sliding door in the form effective that the sliding door opens automatically. The auxiliary drive is preferably there made of a rubber element that is closed by closing the Sliding sash (s) is cocked and during power failure and at the same time associated separation of a clutch between the drive motor and the actuator the wing (s) out of the closed position brings out. In addition to the aforementioned rubber element also other auxiliary drives, for example in the form of compression or tension springs, be applied.

FR 2 158 734 A is a combination of a fire protection door with a single or multi-leaf passage door that is normally closed and can be opened in one or two directions, the one that is normally open and closed in the event of fire Fire protection door can also be designed as a sliding door.

In addition to the state of the art, there are always tests been made to equip sliding doors so that they can also be used as Fire protection door can be used in the escape and rescue route where no solution could be found permanently because the regulatory authorities place very strict requirements on such doors. There is also a contradiction in the matter itself, namely that the sliding door closes the passage in the event of a fire must and thus the panicked still inside the building does not offer people the opportunity to get out of the building come out. If such people ran towards a sliding door, so the sliding door would turn off since the electrical energy is, do not open and by pressing on the individual sliding sash no opening of the individual wings would be brought about either Such sliding sashes have no handle fittings and after an opening the sliding sashes would remain in the open position and the fire compartment would be open. This makes it clear that Sliding doors are not easily approved as fire protection doors overcome and used in the area of escape and rescue routes can be.

The object of the invention is to provide a fire door, which can also be operated automatically, d. H. that in one Normal operation, the door is closed and opened automatically and also in the event of a fire, a secure closure and thus closure is given, which can also be passed by people.

The object of the invention is according to the characteristics of the claims 1 and 9 solved. A combination is used as a fire door proposed according to the invention, consisting of a single or double wing Swing door exists, which is approved as a fire door and at the same time combined with an automatically horizontally movable additional door being with her fighter on a profile in the lintel area of the swing door is attached, and preferably with an additional auxiliary drive, the horizontally movable wing without external energy in the event of danger in the open position, is present. The horizontally movable Door, for example, a sliding door or a telescopic door his.

The conventional fire protection doors, in which the wings act as swing leaves are equipped and are provided with a door holding device, which in Connection with a locking mechanism, for example in the form of a Door closer, which as a floor door closer or overhead door closer or also as an internal door closer, which is embedded inside the door leaves can be in the open and locked position released by the signal from a smoke detector from the holding device and then transferred to the closing days through the locking mechanisms. As it has been shown in practice, such fire doors are usually open so as not to hinder the movement of people. But in order to free the people in this area To ensure location, it is desirable to ensure the passage to close and open automatically without excluding fire protection To be careful. It has therefore long been the wish of many architects to automate such doors. For this reason, the invention leads Imagine another door that operates automatically becomes. In order not to hinder the escape route, they are only available horizontally movable doors, because in the event of danger, such a door must not block the way for people. For this reason it has automatically working horizontally movable door, which in the following as Sliding door is described, and be equipped with one or two leaves can, an auxiliary drive that the necessary when closing the door Energy is supplied.

Although here two different types of door, namely a swing door and a sliding door can be combined as a unit is one Overall system to be regarded as a fire door. Here are the rotating wings the outer door is designed as a fire door and the inside The sliding door of the building is only for the normal Operation used.

The sequence of the method for operating such is according to the invention Fire door the following:

The smoke detector or sensor generates a hazard signal, which is why is used, the door holding device, for example as a holding magnet or also within a closing sequence control device for triggering bring. This means that those previously in the open position single or multi-leaf swing doors due to the associated with them Closing mechanisms brought into the correct closing position become. At the same time, however, the signal from the smoke detector that the normally automated drive of the sliding door is switched off. This will separate the normal drive due to a switchable clutch and the drive belt Sliding wing brought about a separation. Due to the fact that energy is supplied to the auxiliary drive when the sliding sash is closed that can be, for example, a rubber rope or a spring this auxiliary drive after the clutch made the disconnection has, effective and brings the sliding sash into the open position. So that is a release of the escape and rescue route is guaranteed, at the same time a fire compartment is closed so that due to the direction of escape the people inside the building free passage of the horizontally movable door and by applying a force to the rotary wing towards the Open escape route. After the people have passed the wing, it closes again automatically on the basis of what is connected to it Closing mechanism.

A fire door as equipped as described above is characterized on the one hand by its compactness and offers in addition, the possibility of also being completed in the retrofit business to be able to. This takes place in that at the above the Rotary wing door structure of the automatic fighter horizontal door operator is attached to a unit with the correspondingly described tax type of both doors. In addition, it is possible to have such doors with appropriate fixed side panels and skylights.

The invention is illustrated schematically using a possible one Embodiment explained in more detail.

Figur 1:

Ansicht einer Türanlage auf eine zweiflügelige Drehtür,

Figur 2:

ausgeschwenkter und über eine Haltevorrichtung festgesetzter Drehflügel,

Figur 3:

Vertikalschnitt durch eine Türanlage mit Drehflügeltür und daran angesetzter Schiebetür und

Figur 4:

Schiebetür mit Hilfsantrieb.

Show it:

Figure 1:

View of a door system on a double leaf swing door,

Figure 2:

swiveled out and fixed with a holding device,

Figure 3:

Vertical section through a door system with swing door and sliding door and attached

Figure 4:

Sliding door with auxiliary drive.

The view shown in FIG. 1 can, for example, be the outside of a Play the fire door. A system is reproduced that with two rotary wings 10, the bands 7 on a frame structure are connected. The rotary blades 10 are on the side of fixed side parts 6 and skylights 8 above framed. The entire passage width is determined by appropriate Frame profiles 1 filled in, between the frame profiles 1 glass panes 5 are inserted. There are base profiles in the floor area 2 and above the rotary wing 10 profiles 9. In this embodiment are the swing door 10 with door closers 13, which act as overhead door closers are shown equipped; however, floor closers can also be used or spring bands can be used. Beyond located a closing sequence controller 12 is located on the profile 9 above the rotating leaf 10, the correct closed position of the two folded rotary wings 10th ensures. There is also a smoke detector on the closing sequence controller 12 11 installed. This smoke detector 11 can also be on the ceiling or be attached to an otherwise exposed location. On the side parts 6 are on or in the base profiles 2 holding devices 3, which in represent switchable electromagnets in this case. The one with the holding devices 3 cooperating anchor plates 4 are each on the Swivel blades 10 attached. The holding devices 3 can either by manual switch operation or by a corresponding one Signal of the smoke detector 11 can be de-energized, which when open and previously held rotary blades 10 would mean that this by the force of the door closer 13 in its proper Be brought into the closed position.

An open representation of only one rotary wing 10 is shown in FIG. 2, in the anchor plate 4 rests on the holding device 3 and by the magnetic force the rotary wing 10 is held in the open position. In this Illustration also shows the side part 6, which with the profile 1 on one Wall 14 is non-positively and positively connected.

The combination of the rotating leaf 10 described above with a door 18, in which the wings are designed as sliding wings 19, gives the figure 3 again. Between the floor 15 and the ceiling 16 is the fire door, as described in Figure 1 installed, here to the Profile 9 a fighter 17 an automatic sliding door is mounted. in the A sliding door is described below in this exemplary embodiment, which also applies to a telescopic sliding door. The sliding door has a fixed side part 20, which is behind arranges the fixed side parts 6 of the swing doors 10. The movable sliding sash 19 is on carriages 21, on which idlers 22 are present, slidable within the fighter on a running rail 33 stored. The sliding leaf 19 is driven by a Drive belt 29, via a drive pulley 24 with a switchable Coupling not shown and a drive motor 23 connected is. The drive belt 29 is inside the fighter on the Motor 23 opposite side guided over a guide roller 31. Due to the approach of people to the sliding door, it is pushed through Appropriate sensor signals moved into the open position and then closed again automatically. This provides a draft-free partition two rooms or a room and an outdoor area In addition to the drive belt 29 is an auxiliary drive in the form of a Rubber element 30 is present, which on the one hand on the wing 19th attached and deflected via a deflection roller 31 and on the other hand is fixed via a fastening point 32 on the fighter 17. The history of the rubber element 28 can be seen in Figure 4.

The sensor signal of the smoke detector 11 thus causes a closure the rotary wing 10 and at the same time, as already described, an opening the sliding sash 19. There is a fire door, the at the same time, secure closure of the wall opening in the event of no fire represents and also in the event of fire also the escape and rescue route leaves free.

FIG. 3 also shows that such an attachment the door 18, in this case a sliding door, to an existing fire door is subsequently possible. Due to the subsequent addition the ease of inspection of such a system is significantly increased. Although in FIG. 3 also shows a profile support for the sliding door 18 due to the presence of the profile 9 also the entire mechanics for the sliding door can be attached to the profile in a positive and non-positive manner. The inventive idea makes it possible to have a sliding door to integrate into a fire compartment. Do not have to like the embodiment 1 shows fixed side parts 6 or skylights 5 be present.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

frame profile

2

plinth profile

3

holder

4

anchor plate

5

pane

6

Side part, fixed

7

bands

8th

skylight

9

profile

10

rotary wing

11

smoke detector

12

Door coordinator

13

door closers

14

wall

15

floor

16

blanket

17

fighter

18

door

19

sliding panel

20

side panel

21

carriage

22

supporting role

23

drive motor

24

sheave

25

paneling

26

floor guide

27

connection

28

Course of the rubber element

29

drive belts

30

rubber element

31

idler pulley

32

Attachment point on the fighter

33

runner

34

idler pulley

Claims (9)

1. A fire door including at least one swing leaf (10) supported and pivoted via hinges, which is provided with a closing mechanism (13) working without external energy supply and with a door hold-open mechanism (3) electrically releasable by a smoke detector (11), said door hold-open mechanism prompts closing of the swing leaf (10) in the event of hazard, the fire door comprising a functional combination of a swing leaf door (10) including one leaf or two leaves and an automatic door (18) movable in horizontal direction including at least one sliding leaf (19), characterized in that the transom (17) of the door (18) is attached to a profile (9) in the lintel area of the swing leaf (10).
2. A fire door according to claim 1, characterized in that the door (18) is a sliding door or a telescopic door.
3. A fire door according to the claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the door (18) is provided with an auxiliary drive, which, on each closing run of the sliding leaf/sliding leaves (19) is supplied with energy, which then is accumulated within the drive, and, when the switchable coupling is in the current-less state, the energy of the auxiliary drive conveys the sliding leaf/leaves (19) into the open position.
4. A fire door according to claim 1, characterised in that the swing leaf/leaves (10) and the surrounding construction, consisting of side panel (6) and overpanel (8), are made of wood.
5. A fire door according to claim 1, characterised in that the swing leaf/leaves (10) and the surrounding construction, consisting of side panel (6) and overpanel (8), are made of steel.
6. A fire door according to claim 1, characterised in that the swing leaf/leaves (10) and the surrounding construction, consisting of side panel (6) and overpanel (8), are made of light metal.
7. A fire door according to claim 1, characterised in that the swing leaves (10) and the surrounding construction, consisting of side panel (6) and overpanel (8), are made of glass.
8. A method for the operation of a fire door according to the claims 1 to 7, characterised in that, caused by the hazard signal released by the smoke detector (11), the retaining forces of the door hold-open mechanism (3) for the blocked swing leaf/leaves (10) are cancelled and in that the swing leaf/leaves (10) is/are conveyed into the closed position by means of the energy accumulated in the closing mechanism (13) and simultaneously, caused by the hazard signal released by the smoke detector (11), the normal automatic drive of the horizontally movable door (18) is switched off and thus the energy of the auxiliary drive transports the sliding leaf/leaves (19) into the open position.
9. The use of a fire door according to the claims 1 and 2, in an escape and emergency route.

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