EP0882169A1

EP0882169A1 - Fire door

Info

Publication number: EP0882169A1
Application number: EP97938778A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Christian Hein
Original assignee: Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Current assignee: Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Priority date: 1996-12-16
Filing date: 1997-08-16
Publication date: 1998-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 2017-08-16
Also published as: CZ247598A3; EP0882169B1; SK285091B6; DE59711342D1; ATE260401T1; NO981122L; WO1998027305A1; SK106498A3; NO309688B1; AU721399B2; US6079162A; ES2129383T1; CZ296070B6; AU4111097A; DE19651947C1; NO981122D0

Abstract

This invention relates to a fire barrier which includes a functional combination of at least one single-panel casement panel and a sliding panel which is connected or adjacent to it. The sliding panel, which can be automatically moved horizontally during normal operation, contains an auxiliary drive mechanism which, in an emergency, moves the sliding panel without an outside power source into the open position. The casement panel is moved simultaneously by a closing mechanism from its fixed or open position into the correct closed position to create or act as a barrier.

Description

Title: Fire door

description

The invention relates to a fire door according to the preamble of claim 1, in which the pivoted wings are hinged on hinges on a frame and cooperate with a locking mechanism working without external energy such that when a hazard signal from a smoke detector is emitted, the door in the open position with its door leaves is transferred to the closed position. The invention also includes a method for operating a fire protection door.

Fire doors of this type are installed, in particular, in public buildings, hospitals, hotels, workshops, etc., in order to possibly prevent the fire from spreading when a fire breaks out. For this purpose, individual fire sections are created in buildings, which are separated by firewalls. However, it is also necessary that passageways are available for people in the fire walls so that, for example, in the event of a fire, people can leave the building as quickly as possible. Such fire doors must therefore meet two conditions at the same time, i.e. on the one hand, they have to close automatically when a fire breaks out, but at the same time they have to give people who are still in the room the opportunity to leave it undamaged. Such fire doors are therefore located in the area of the escape and rescue routes.

A fire door that is equipped with a fire door leaf can be found, for example, in DE 195 22 366 A1. The fire protection door leaf described here is made of wood, whereas door leaves made of steel with appropriate fillings, as well as light metal or glass, also executed as frame doors with a glass panel, are generally known as fire protection doors.

Since such doors, which are designed as swing doors, ie the door leaf is fastened to a frame by means of hinges, are normally in the open position in order to protect the goods and persons To allow traffic to pass through unhindered, in addition to a smoke detector for triggering the alarm, such doors are equipped, inter alia, with electrical door holding and loosening devices, as disclosed in DE 25 31 314 A1. This type of door is equipped with a shooting mechanism which has no External energy works. In particular, door closers include both upper and lower door doors. If the door is a two-leaf door, there is also a closing sequence control that ensures that the door leaf, which is normally closed, is the first to be used on the normally folded door leaves , and only then is the active leaf moved into the correct closed position. The electrical holding devices allow door leaves to remain in the open position and then only by triggering a fire signal via the smoke detector, these door leaves then into the correct closed position bπn-

As an alternative to the device described in the aforementioned DE 25 31 314 A1, so-called holding magnets, as described, for example, in the company brochure DORMA EM for preventive fire protection, can also be used. These door holding magnets also represent locking devices which hold the fire protection shutters open when they are open in the event of a fire, the detection is canceled by a trigger device (smoke detector and control unit)

Furthermore, devices for automatically closing fire protection doors have become known, in which sliding doors are closed by melting a link due to increased temperatures in that counterweights are present which bring such a door into the closed position

An automatic sliding door with at least one leaf can be found in DE 40 14 727 A1, the sliding door being equipped with a further auxiliary antenna in addition to the normal drive. When the door wings are closed normally, the auxiliary antenna is supplied with energy and then stored. This stored energy is used in the event of a power failure or From- switch the power supply and / or even when the normal operation of the sliding door is interrupted in such a way that the sliding door opens automatically. The auxiliary drive preferably consists of a rubber element which is tensioned by the closing of the sliding leaf (s) and, in the event of a power failure and at the same time associated disconnection of a coupling between the drive motor and the actuating device, brings the leaf (s) back out of the closed position. In addition to the above-mentioned rubber element, other auxiliary drives can also be used, for example in the form of compression or tension springs.

In addition to the state of the art, attempts have been made time and time again to equip sliding doors so that they can also be used as fire protection doors in the escape and rescue routes, although no solution could be found here permanently, since the licensing authorities have very strict requirements for such Put doors. In addition, there is also a contradiction in the matter itself, namely that the sliding door must close the passage in the event of a fire and therefore does not offer people in the panic who are still inside the building the opportunity to get out of the building. If such people ran towards a sliding door, the sliding door would not open because the electrical energy is switched off, and pressure on the individual sliding sashes would also not result in the individual sashes being opened, since there are no handle fittings on such sliding sashes and after At an opening, the sliding sashes would remain in the open position and the fire compartment would be open. This makes it clear that sliding doors cannot easily overcome the approval hurdles as fire protection doors and can be used in the area of escape and rescue routes.

The object of the invention is to provide a fire door that can also be operated automatically, that is, in normal operation, the door is automatically closed and opened and, in the event of a fire, there is a secure closure and thus closure, which is also provided by people can happen. The object of the invention is achieved according to the characteristics of claims 1 and 10. As a fire protection door, a combination according to the invention is proposed which consists of a single or double-leaf swing door, which is approved as a fire protection door and at the same time is combined with an automatically horizontally movable further door, in which an auxiliary drive which, without external energy, is used to move the horizontally In the event of danger, the sash is brought into the open position. The horizontally movable door can be, for example, a sliding door or a telescopic door.

The conventional fire protection doors, in which the leaves are equipped as rotating leaves and are provided with a door holding device, which, in conjunction with a locking mechanism, for example in the form of a door closer, which functions as a floor closer or overhead door closer or as an internal door closer, which is embedded within the door leaves - Can be equipped, are released in the open and fixed position by the signal of a smoke detector from the holding device and then transferred to the closed position by the locking mechanisms. As has been shown in practice, fire doors of this type are generally open in order not to hinder passenger traffic. However, in order to guarantee a draft-free location for people in this area, it is desirable to automatically close and open the passage without neglecting fire protection. It has therefore long been a desire of many architects to automate such doors. For this reason, the idea according to the invention introduces another door that is operated automatically. In order not to obstruct the escape route, only horizontally movable doors are available, because in the event of danger such a door must not block the way for people. For this reason, the automatically operating horizontally movable door, which is described in the following as a sliding door and can be equipped with one or two leaves, has an auxiliary drive to which the necessary energy is supplied when the door leaves are closed.

Although two different types of door, namely a swing door and a sliding door, are combined as one unit, such a system can be viewed as a fire door. The rotary The outer door is designed as a fire door, and the sliding door inside the building is only used for normal operation.

According to the invention, the sequence of the method for operating such a fire protection door is as follows:

The smoke detector or sensor generates a hazard signal which is used to trigger the door holding device, for example as a holding magnet or also within a closing sequence control device. This means that the single or multi-leaf swing doors previously in the open position are brought into the correct closed position due to the locking mechanisms connected to them. At the same time, however, the signal from the smoke detector also causes the normally automated drive of the sliding door to be switched off. This creates a separation between the normally available drive due to a switchable clutch and the drive belt of the sliding sash. Due to the fact that energy is supplied to the auxiliary drive when the sliding sash is closed, which can be, for example, a rubber rope or a spring, this auxiliary drive becomes effective after the coupling has been made and brings the sliding sash into the open position. This ensures that the escape and rescue route is cleared, with a fire section being closed at the same time so that, due to the direction of escape, the people inside the building can pass through the free passage of the horizontally movable door and by applying a force to the rotating wing Open the direction of the escape route. After the people have passed the rotating leaf, it closes again automatically due to the locking mechanism connected to it.

A fire protection door equipped in this way, as described above, is characterized on the one hand by its compactness and also offers the possibility of being completed in the retrofit shop. This is done by the fact that the fighters of the automatic horizontal on the door structure located above the rotating wing Door operator is attached to then represent a unit with the correspondingly described control type of both doors. In addition, it is possible to equip such doors with corresponding fixed side parts and skylights.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to a possible schematically illustrated embodiment. It shows:

Figure 1: View of a door system on a double-leaf revolving door

Figure 2: swung out and fixed via a holding device rotary wing

Figure 3: Vertical section through a door system with swing door and attached sliding door

Figure 4: Sliding door with auxiliary drive

The view shown in FIG. 1 can, for example, show the outside of a fire door. In this case, a system is reproduced which is equipped with two rotating wings 10 which are connected to a frame structure by means of belts 7. The rotating blades 10 are framed laterally by fixed side parts 6 and skylights 8 located above them. The entire passage width is filled in by corresponding frame profiles 1, glass panes 5 being inserted between the frame profiles 1. There are base profiles 2 in the floor area and profiles 9 above the rotating leaf 10. In this exemplary embodiment, the rotating leaf 10 is equipped with door closers 13, which are shown as overhead door closers; however, bottom door closers or spring hinges can also be used. In addition, above the rotating leaf 10 on the profile 9 there is a closing sequence controller 12, which ensures the correct closed position of the two folded rotating leaf 10. A smoke detector 11 is also installed on the closing sequence controller 12. This smoke detector 11 can also be attached to the ceiling or at an otherwise exposed location. On the side parts 6 there are 2 holding devices 3 on or in the base profiles, which in this case represent switchable electromagnets. The holding devices 3 interacting anchor plates 4 are each attached to the rotary wings 10. The holding devices 3 can either be switched off by manual switch actuation or also by a corresponding signal from the smoke detector 11, which would mean when the leaf 10 is open and previously held that it is brought into its proper closed position by the force of the door closer 13.

FIG. 2 shows an open representation of only one rotary wing 10, in which the anchor plate 4 lies against the holding device 3 and is held in the open position by the magnetic force of the rotary wing 10. In this illustration, the side part 6 is also visible, which is connected to the profile 1 on a wall 14 in a non-positive and positive manner.

The combination of the previously described rotating leaf 10 with a door 18, in which the leaves are designed as sliding leaves 19, is shown in FIG. 3. The fire door, as described in FIG. 1, is installed between the floor 15 and the ceiling 16, a fighter 17 of an automatic sliding door being mounted on the profile 9 here. In the following, a sliding door is described in this exemplary embodiment, which is also applicable analogously to a telescopic sliding door. The sliding door has a fixed side part 20, which is arranged behind the fixed side parts 6 of the swing doors 10. The movable sliding sash 19 is slidably mounted within the fighter on a running rail 33 via carriages 21, on which support rollers 22 are present. The sliding sash 19 is driven by a drive belt 29, via a drive pulley 24, which is connected to a switchable clutch, not shown, and a drive motor 23. The drive belt 29 is guided inside the fighter on the side opposite the motor 23 via a deflection roller 31. Due to the proximity of people to the sliding door, it is moved to the open position by corresponding sensor signals and then automatically closed again. This represents a draft-free partitioning of two rooms or a room and an outside area. In addition to the drive belt 29 there is an auxiliary drive in the form of a rubber element 30 which is attached to the wing 19 on the one hand and over a deflection roller 31 is deflected and, on the other hand, is fixed to the fighter 17 via a fastening point 32. The course of the rubber element 28 can be seen in FIG. 4.

The sensor signal of the smoke detector 11 thus causes the rotary leaf 10 to close and, as already described, at the same time opens the sliding leaf 19. This provides a fire protection door, which at the same time represents a secure closure of the wall opening in the event of no fire and also, in the event of a fire, and leave the escape route free.

It can also be seen from FIG. 3 that such an attachment of the door 18, in this case a sliding door, to an existing fire door is possible retrospectively. The subsequent addition increases the ease of inspection of such a system significantly. Although a profile support for the sliding door 18 is also shown in FIG. 3, the presence of the professional 9 means that the entire mechanism for the sliding door can also be attached to the profile in a non-positive and positive manner. The idea of the invention makes it possible to integrate a sliding door into a fire compartment. Fixed side parts 6 or skylights 5 need not be present, as the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 shows.

reference numeral

1 frame profile

2 base profile

3 holding device

4 anchor plate

5 glass pane

6 side part, fixed

7 bands

8 skylight

9 profile

10 rotary wings

11 smoke detectors

12 closing sequence control

13 door closers

14 wall

15 floor

16 blanket

17 fighters

18 door

19 sliding sashes

20 side part

21 carriages

22 idler

23 drive motor

24 drive pulley

25 cladding

26 Floor guide

27 connection

28 Course of the rubber element

29 drive belts

30 rubber element

31 pulley

32 attachment point on the fighter

33 running track

34 pulley

Claims

claims

1. Fire door with at least one hinge pivoted on hinges, which is provided with a locking mechanism working without external energy and an electrically triggered by a smoke alarm door holding device, which causes the wing to close in an emergency, characterized in that the fire door from a functional combination there is a single and / or double-leaf swing door (10) and an automatically horizontally movable door (18) with at least one leaf (19).

2. Fire door according to claim 1, characterized in that the door (18) is a sliding door or telescopic door.

3. Fire door according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the door (18) with its fighter (17) on a profile (9) in the lintel area of the swing door (10) is attached.

4. Fire door according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fire door is used in the escape and rescue route.

5. Fire door according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the door (18) is provided with an auxiliary antenna which is supplied with energy during each closing travel of the sliding leaf (19) and is stored therein and when the switchable is de-energized Coupling the energy of the auxiliary drive brings the sliding sash (19) into the open position.

6. Fire door according to claim 1, characterized in that the / the rotary wing (10) and the construction around it from the side part (6) and skylight (8) consists of wood.

7. Fire door according to claim 1, characterized in that the / the wing (10) and the construction around it from the side part (6) and skylight (8) consists of steel.

8. Fire door according to claim 1, characterized in that the / the wing (10) and the construction located around it from the side part (6) and skylight (8) consists of light metal.

9. Fire door according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotating wing (10) and the construction around it

Side part (6) and skylight (8) consists of glass.

10. A method of operating a fire door according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the holding forces of the holding device (3) for the / the identified sash (10) is / are canceled and / or by the hazard signal of the smoke detector (11) Rotary leaf (10) is transferred to the closed position by the energy stored in the locking mechanism (13) and at the same time the normal automatic drive of the horizontally movable door (18) is switched off by the hazard signal of the smoke detector (11) and the energy of the auxiliary drive thereby / brings the sliding sash (18) into the open position.