EP0879105B1 - Procede de realisation d'une roue pour vehicule terrestre a moteur - Google Patents
Procede de realisation d'une roue pour vehicule terrestre a moteur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0879105B1 EP0879105B1 EP97903421A EP97903421A EP0879105B1 EP 0879105 B1 EP0879105 B1 EP 0879105B1 EP 97903421 A EP97903421 A EP 97903421A EP 97903421 A EP97903421 A EP 97903421A EP 0879105 B1 EP0879105 B1 EP 0879105B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- stress
- rim
- disc
- impact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a wheel for a motor vehicle comprising a wheel wall and a rim substantially cylindrical, the wheel disc being made up of a part substantially flat central unit with a bearing which serves to center and to fix the wheel on the hub of the vehicle axle, a climb substantially conical interior, another inverted conical part defining, with the internal rise, a shapely nose which presents a large radius of curvature, the inverted conical part, rear part of the shapely nose, ending in a fallen edge intended for the connection of the veil with the rim according to the preamble of claim 1 (see for example FR-A-2 561 144).
- the wheel disc and the rim are generally obtained by stamping and / or flow forming from a homogeneous sheet blank.
- the operations of forming a wheel disc from a blank single homogeneous sheet have the major drawback of not distributing in particular, the thicknesses as desired. It is not possible to have physical and mechanical characteristics defined in areas for example, the most requested or to have thinning in areas of less mechanical stress. When we mechanically analyze the wheel, it appears that operation, the most stressed area of the wheel disc is the nose of curve and the least stressed area of said veil is the fallen edge. For ensure in certain places a minimum admissible thickness, the sheet is oversized in thickness because it is necessary to take into account localized thinning generated by the blank forming operation sheet metal. As a result, the wheel is overweight due to its design. The critical zone of fatigue of the wheel disc is the concave part of the nose of curve. This area tends to crack when the wheel is subject to fatigue. It is known that a compressive stress is favorable to fatigue resistance.
- US 4,448,053 discusses a method for generating a compressive stress on a rim of a vehicle wheel.
- the constraint is generated by a compression of the sheet by means of a wheel.
- Compression type by work hardening causes superficial plastic deformations which are detrimental to the visual appearance and fatigue resistance. Indeed, work hardening can lead to breaking points.
- the stresses induced by this method are localized in extreme skin of the rim, which considerably limits their effect in the case in particular tensile-compression stresses encountered on wheels in service.
- type processing by recommended work hardening must be carried out before painting treatment of the surface of the wheel.
- a subsequent paint treatment associated with heat treatment of paint baking has the effect of relaxing partially the stresses induced by the wheel and thereby reduce the effectiveness of the method.
- the stress field resulting from the forming operation in the critical area of the curve nose has a "Z" characteristic.
- the lower skin of the shapely nose, or the concave part of the curve nose is subjected to compression, the so-called upper skin, or even, the convex part of the shapely nose, is subjected to traction.
- type fatigue rotary bending is locally assimilated to a bending of the plane bending type alternating at the level of the shapely nose. That is to say that the loading of the wheel subjects the lower skin of the contour nose sometimes to an effort in traction sometimes at a compression force, the behavior being reversed with respect to the upper skin of the shapely nose.
- the profile of the service constraints of the wheel is the superposition of the two stress profiles from one part of the forming of the wheel disc and on the other hand of the wheel load in service.
- the object of the invention is to provide lightening of the wheel by locally improving the mechanical characteristics of said wheel, and this, by modifying the internal stress profile resulting from forming in parts of the wheel.
- Figure 1 is a sectional view of a land vehicle wheel with motor having the different parts of said wheel.
- Figure 2 is an explanatory sketch of the physical phenomenon generated by the impact of LASER radiation.
- Figure 3 is a sectional view of a vehicle wheel according to the invention subject to the impact of LASER radiation.
- the invention relates to a method of producing a wheel 1 for motor vehicle comprising, as shown in FIG. 1, a wall 2 of wheel and a substantially cylindrical rim 3, wall 2 of wheel being made up of a substantially flat central part 4 having a bearing 5 which is used to center and fix the wheel 1 on a hub of an axle, a substantially conical inner climb 6, a other inverted conical part 7 defining, with the internal rise 6 a curved nose 8 which has a large radius of curvature, the part inverted conical 7, rear part of the curve nose 8, ending in a dropped edge 9, intended for the connection of the web 2 with the rim 3.
- the invention relates to a method for producing a wheel wall in which :
- the main dimensional parameters of the wheels are: the thickness of the starting blank and the steel grade used. Considering of the choice of steel grade, we choose the thickness of the starting blank by calculation of the stress value at the level of the critical zone by example of the shapely nose.
- a critical stress zone is generated of the wheel in service an internal stress field opposing the stress field induced by the shaping of the veil and / or the rim and the service load of said wheel.
- - at least one critical zone of wheel stress is subjected to a inducing impact in the area, compressive stresses by wave of choc.
- At least one a critical zone of constraint of the wheel at the impact of a water jet In another example of application of the invention, at least one a critical zone of stress of the wheel at the impact of radiation LASER.
- the method of the invention in no way changes the visual appearance of the critical area.
- the impact does not produce a gross defect in surface, which avoids any induced erasure.
- the impact based on the principle of a shock wave, generates induced stresses in depth, which can influence 8 mm in depth under critical area, the process is therefore well suited for the loading of a sheet.
- the method of the invention can be used on a wheel having already been coated with a paint and subjected to a temperature of cooking.
- the critical area is exposed to a powerful 10 LASER beam for a very short time.
- Zone 11 focused is transformed into plasma and the high pressure generated is transmitted to the metal surface 12 via a very strong shock wave.
- a coating 13 absorbing the radiation of the 10 LASER beam.
- a transparent layer 14 at LASER radiation can be deposited on the coating 13.
- the residual stress value generated by the shock can reach 300 MPa at the surface, 100 MPa at 0.5 mm depth and towards 1 mm, the stress level is practically zero.
- the pressure of the jet is more than 4000 Kg / cm 2 for a flow rate of 6 liters / min.
- two modes can be viewed from the point of view of impact distribution.
- the wheel In a first mode, the wheel is fixed.
- the impact for example LASER radiation can be generated by a localized beam 10 deflected by a conical prism, a fixed annular mirror directing the beam, for example, on the inner part 12 of the curve nose.
- the impact can be punctual, the beam 10 directed on a mirror 16 turning for scanning for example the inner part of the nose curve 8.
- the wheel In a second mode, the wheel is in rotation.
- the impact by example of LASER radiation is generated by a fixed beam continuous or pulsed whose target is a point on a generator of the veil of the wheel, generator belonging for example to the curved nose.
- Modifying the internal stress profile locally by the method according to the invention and according to the modes described above, allows you to define the choice of a steel sheet thickness at the start oversized. The weight gain is therefore noticeable.
- impact means as a LASER radiation and a water jet.
- the LASER impact under a film of water notably improves the compression effect.
- the level of stress in service in the critical area of a sail wheel thickness requires a sheet blank thickness of 4.4 mm when the method according to the invention is not implemented.
- a reduction in the thickness of the sheet blank in the order of 1.4 mm can be accepted by placing compression of the critical area of the curve nose of approximately 160 MPa.
- the weight gain is then 1.5 kg, for a wheel which, according to the invention will weigh approximately 3.5 kg, which generates a gain of 30%.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
Description
- la partie centrale qui sert à fixer la roue sur le moyeu de l'essieu du véhicule,
- la montée intérieure conique reliant la partie centrale et le sommet de la roue appelé nez de galbe,
- le nez de galbe qui présente un rayon de courbure important,
- la partie arrière du nez de galbe sur laquelle se situe des ajourages d'allégement,
- le bord tombé de la partie arrière par lequel est généralement réalisée la liaison du voile de roue avec la jante.
- on soumet au moins une zone critique de contraintes de la roue à l'impact d'un jet d'eau,
- on soumet au moins une zone critique de contraintes de la roue à l'impact d'un rayonnement LASER,
- on soumet la partie concave du nez de galbe du voile de roue à l'impact induisant dans cette partie, des contraintes de compression par impact et onde de choc,
- on dépose sur la zone un revêtement qui absorbe une partie de l'énergie du rayonnement LASER,
- on dépose sur le revêtement une couche transparente au rayonnement LASER.
Claims (6)
- Procédé de réalisation d'une roue pour véhicule à moteur comportant un voile (2) de roue et une jante (3) sensiblement cylindrique, le voile (2) de roue étant constitué, d'une partie centrale (4) sensiblement plane comportant une portée (5) qui sert à centrer et à fixer la roue (1) sur un moyeu de l'essieu, une montée (6) intérieure sensiblement conique, une autre partie conique inversée (7) définissant, avec la montée (6) intérieure un nez de galbe (8) qui présente un rayon de courbure important, la partie conique inversée (7), partie arrière du nez de galbe (8), se terminant par un bord tombé (9) destiné à la liaison du voile (2) avec la jante (3), procédé dans lequel:on choisit, pour une nuance d'acier donnée, un flan de tôle dont l'épaisseur est définie par le calcul de la valeur de contrainte au niveau des zones critiques de contrainte de la roue en service,on forme le voile de roue et la jante que l'on assemble,on génère dans les zones critiques de contrainte de la roue en service un champ de contrainte de compression par impact et onde de choc s'opposant au champ de contrainte induit par la mise en forme et la charge en service de la roue pour compenser les contraintes induites issues du formage du voile de roue et/ou de la jante, de manière que la contrainte en service de la roue reste inférieure ou égale à la contrainte maximale admissible.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que,on soumet au moins une zone critique de contrainte de la roue à l'impact d'un jet d'eau.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que,on soumet au moins une zone critique de contrainte de la roue à l'impact d'un rayonnement LASER.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que,on soumet la partie concave du nez de galbe du voile de roue à l'impact induisant dans cette partie, des contraintes de compression par onde de choc de manière que la contrainte en service de la roue reste inférieure ou égale à la contrainte maximale admissible,
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce que,on dépose sur la zone critique de contrainte un revêtement qui absorbe une partie de l'énergie du rayonnement LASER,
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 5 caractérisé en ce que,on dépose sur le revêtement une couche transparente au rayonnement LASER.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9601526 | 1996-02-08 | ||
FR9601526A FR2744657B1 (fr) | 1996-02-08 | 1996-02-08 | Procede de realisation d'une roue pour vehicule terrestre a moteur |
PCT/FR1997/000243 WO1997028914A1 (fr) | 1996-02-08 | 1997-02-07 | Procede de realisation d'une roue pour vehicule terrestre a moteur |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0879105A1 EP0879105A1 (fr) | 1998-11-25 |
EP0879105B1 true EP0879105B1 (fr) | 2001-02-07 |
Family
ID=9488968
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97903421A Expired - Lifetime EP0879105B1 (fr) | 1996-02-08 | 1997-02-07 | Procede de realisation d'une roue pour vehicule terrestre a moteur |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0879105B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE199070T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69704052T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2154024T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2744657B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997028914A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2810922B1 (fr) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-09-13 | Usinor | Voile de roue allege et a large espace frein |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2561144A1 (fr) * | 1984-03-16 | 1985-09-20 | Barras Provence | Roues de vehicule en alliage d'aluminium et procede et dispositifs pour fabriquer celles-ci |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4448053A (en) * | 1982-05-18 | 1984-05-15 | Rockwell International Corporation | Method of stress rolling a metallic rim |
IT1199204B (it) * | 1984-02-22 | 1988-12-30 | Odonnell & Ass | Procedimento per ridurre le sollecitazioni residue in metalli di saldatura e adiacenti metalli di base |
-
1996
- 1996-02-08 FR FR9601526A patent/FR2744657B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-02-07 WO PCT/FR1997/000243 patent/WO1997028914A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1997-02-07 EP EP97903421A patent/EP0879105B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-07 DE DE69704052T patent/DE69704052T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-02-07 ES ES97903421T patent/ES2154024T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-07 AT AT97903421T patent/ATE199070T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2561144A1 (fr) * | 1984-03-16 | 1985-09-20 | Barras Provence | Roues de vehicule en alliage d'aluminium et procede et dispositifs pour fabriquer celles-ci |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69704052T2 (de) | 2001-08-23 |
FR2744657B1 (fr) | 1998-03-06 |
ES2154024T3 (es) | 2001-03-16 |
DE69704052D1 (de) | 2001-03-15 |
EP0879105A1 (fr) | 1998-11-25 |
ATE199070T1 (de) | 2001-02-15 |
FR2744657A1 (fr) | 1997-08-14 |
WO1997028914A1 (fr) | 1997-08-14 |
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