EP0878674B1 - Water heater - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0878674B1
EP0878674B1 EP98102442A EP98102442A EP0878674B1 EP 0878674 B1 EP0878674 B1 EP 0878674B1 EP 98102442 A EP98102442 A EP 98102442A EP 98102442 A EP98102442 A EP 98102442A EP 0878674 B1 EP0878674 B1 EP 0878674B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
boiler
chamber
water
connexion
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EP98102442A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0878674A2 (en
EP0878674A3 (en
Inventor
Helmut Stelzer
Peter Schrom
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Wolf GmbH
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Wolf GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE19724942A external-priority patent/DE19724942C1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/0005Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/0036Dispositions against condensation of combustion products
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/0005Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001Guiding means
    • F24H9/0015Guiding means in water channels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F24H1/285Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with the fire tubes arranged alongside the combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a boiler for processing Containing hot water with a water-bearing housing a supply and return connection piece and one in the housing arranged, essentially horizontal combustion chamber according to Preamble of claim 1.
  • a boiler is e.g. from Scripture DE-U-29 602 075 known.
  • Known boilers generally have so-called secondary heating surfaces above the horizontally arranged combustion chamber, through which the heating gases flow on the way to the flue gas outlet.
  • Return inflow plates or chambers are formed under the mouth of a return connection piece, which should prevent a short-circuit flow from the return to the flow connection piece in the upper region of the boiler or the water jacket.
  • These return inflow plates therefore direct the cold return water flow into the lower area of the water jacket or the boiler.
  • the flowing water is heated, whereby thermal stratification occurs in the boiler.
  • the water temperature corresponds approximately to the return temperature, in contrast, in the upper area the flow temperature.
  • the water temperature is below the flow temperature.
  • a boiler consisting of a water-carrying housing provided with a supply and return connection piece and a horizontal combustion chamber enclosed therein as well as secondary heating surfaces.
  • a special water flow inside the boiler it should be possible to avoid dropping below the dew point in the area of the secondary heating surfaces.
  • the known return inflow chamber must be run over a large section of the horizontal length of the boiler, with the result of a more uneven temperature distribution over the entire boiler volume.
  • the area below of the flow connector a chamber made of a baffle is formed, arranged with one or more bypass openings.
  • the baffle or the chamber extends on the secondary heating surfaces over to the lower boiler area.
  • the amounts of water can be warm and cold partial flow from the upper or lower boiler section about the shape of the baffle or the size and design of the Set the chamber and the specification of the bypass cross sections.
  • the loss of the return guide plate results in the area a zone below the return connector in which the incoming cold return water with the rising warm Water is mixed, so that the entire inside of the boiler, the in the water jacket means an even temperature distribution is present.
  • Flow guide plate or the chamber formed from it essentially semi-cylindrical or semi-circular design, being in the area of the open cylinder or semicircular section this narrows down to reduce the cold water supply into the secondary heating surfaces surrounded or enclosed by the baffle having. This, as set forth, becomes excessive large supply of cold water in the condensate-prone Baffle or chamber interior effectively prevented.
  • the cross-sectional area is the bypass openings based on the target temperature of the flow water can be changed, creating the desired further homogenization of the temperature distribution of the Water jacket can be supported.
  • bypass openings are both on the front between the flow guide plate or chamber for the inflow of heated Water to the flow connector as well as in the upper one Area of the chamber to selectively mix different water Temperatures in the area of the flow connector to ensure.
  • the boiler shown in the figures for the preparation of Hot water has a water-carrying housing 1, which has a flow connection piece 2, and a return connection piece 3 having.
  • baffle 6 In a section below the confluence of the flow connector 2 is a special baffle 6 to form a appropriate chamber provided. This chamber becomes the front limited by a baffle 6 '.
  • the guide plate 6 or the chamber has a semi-elliptical, semi-circular or semi-cylindrical Form and encloses the Nachschaltsammlung vom 5 or the condensation Area 13.
  • the lower area is of the guide plate 6 to the central longitudinal axis of the housing 1 and Combustion chamber 4 tapers or narrows to a cold water flow from the lower boiler area to those at risk of condensation Reduce area 13.
  • the return connector 3 is above a section of the secondary heating surfaces through which very hot flue gases flow 5 is located, or as indicated in FIG. 1, is arranged in the lower region of the housing 1, can on a separate return baffle with the advantage of a smaller one Construction effort and a more uniform temperature distribution in the Boiler interior can be dispensed with.
  • the chamber owns Bypass openings 12 through which hot water flows 8 can be made with boiler water from the colder area 9 mix.
  • the flow water 10 then has one Temperature which is the mixed temperature of warm boiler water 8 with water from the colder area 9.
  • the guide plate 6 extends as shown in FIG. 1, only over a section of the secondary heating surfaces 5, namely over such a section that leads to flue gas extraction 11 is directed towards and the result of the already cooled Flue gases have the lowest temperature and are therefore special is at risk of condensation.
  • the target temperature of the flow water is not one shown external control and the amount of heating water from the heating system, comprising pump, mixer, etc. determined.
  • the Water quantities of the warm and the cold partial flow result then about the shape of the baffle or this formed chamber and the size of the bypass openings or the Bypnaturequeritese.
  • the Cross-sectional area of the bypass openings through a not shown adjustable aperture or the like depending changed from the target temperature of the flow water from the outside be, so that there are optimal flow conditions within of the boiler depending on the respective load let set.

Abstract

The boiler has a housing (1) provided with feed and return connections (2,3), for circulation of water through the housing so that it is heated via a horizontal combustion chamber (4) in the base of the housing and heating surfaces (5) for recovering waste heat from the combustion gases fed to the boiler flue (11). The feed connection (2) is provided at the top of the boiler housing, with a flow guide (6) fitting around the heating surfaces in the vicinity of the feed connection, provided with a bypass opening (12), for preventing the heating surfaces dropping below the dew point temperature as a result of the cold water flow.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kessel zur Aufbereitung von Warmwasser mit einem wasserführenden Gehäuse, enthaltend einen Vor- und Rücklaufanschlußstutzen sowie einer im Gehäuse angeordneten, im wesentlichen horizontalen Brennkammer gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1. Ein solcher Kessel ist z.B. aus der Schrift DE-U-29 602 075 bekannt.The invention relates to a boiler for processing Containing hot water with a water-bearing housing a supply and return connection piece and one in the housing arranged, essentially horizontal combustion chamber according to Preamble of claim 1. Such a boiler is e.g. from Scripture DE-U-29 602 075 known.

Bekannte Heizkessel besitzen in der Regel über der horizontal angeordneten Brennkammer, sogenannte Nachschaltheizflächen, welche von den Heizgasen auf dem Weg zum Rauchgasabzug durchströmt werden.
Unter der Einmündung eines Rücklaufanschlußstutzens werden Rücklaufeinströmbleche oder -kammern ausgebildet, welche im oberen Bereich des Kessels bzw. des Wassermantels eine Kurzschlußströmung vom Rücklauf- zum Vorlaufanschlußstutzen verhindern sollen. Diese Rücklaufeinströmbleche lenken demnach die kalte Rücklaufwasserströmung in den unteren Bereich des Wassermantels bzw. des Kessels. Auf dem weiteren Weg wird das strömende Wasser erwärmt, wobei sich eine thermische Schichtung im Kessel einstellt. Im unteren Bereich des Kessels entspricht die Wassertemperatur in etwa der Rücklauftemperatur hingegen im oberen Bereich der Vorlauftemperatur. Im Bereich der Nachschaltheizflächen liegt die Wassertemperatur unter der Vorlauftemperatur.
Known boilers generally have so-called secondary heating surfaces above the horizontally arranged combustion chamber, through which the heating gases flow on the way to the flue gas outlet.
Return inflow plates or chambers are formed under the mouth of a return connection piece, which should prevent a short-circuit flow from the return to the flow connection piece in the upper region of the boiler or the water jacket. These return inflow plates therefore direct the cold return water flow into the lower area of the water jacket or the boiler. On the way, the flowing water is heated, whereby thermal stratification occurs in the boiler. In the lower area of the boiler, the water temperature corresponds approximately to the return temperature, in contrast, in the upper area the flow temperature. In the area of the secondary heating surfaces, the water temperature is below the flow temperature.

Da das an den Nachschaltheizflächen wasserseitig anliegende Heizwasser kälter als die Taupunkttemperatur der Rauchgase bzw. der Abgase ist, kommt es somit bei der weit verbreiteten Niedertemperaturtechnik während des Betriebes zu Taupunktunterschreitungen auf der Heizgasseite. Infolge dieser Taupunktunterschreitungen bildet sich chemisch aggressives, saures Kondensat, welches die Wände von Brennkammer und Nachschaltheizflächen angreift.Because that is on the secondary heating surfaces on the water side Heating water colder than the dew point temperature of the flue gases or is the exhaust gas, it occurs with the widespread Low temperature technology during operation to fall below the dew point on the heating gas side. As a result of this drop below the dew point chemically aggressive, acidic forms Condensate covering the walls of the combustion chamber and secondary heating surfaces attacks.

Um diesem Problem zu begegnen werden doppelwandig ausgeführte Nachschaltheizflächen in Form von beispielsweise zwei miteinander verpreßten Rohren eingesetzt. Dies ist jedoch materialund kostenaufwendig.In order to counter this problem, double-walled designs are used Post-heating surfaces in the form of, for example, two together pressed tubes used. However, this is material and costly.

Aus dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster DE 296 02 075 U1 ist ein Heizkessel, bestehend aus einem mit Vor- und Rücklaufanschlußstutzen versehenen wasserführenden Gehäuse und darin eingeschlossener horizontaler Brennkammer sowie Nachschaltheizflächen bekannt. Mit einer speziellen Wasserführung im Kesselinneren sollen Taupunktunterschreitungen im Bereich der Nachschaltheizflächen vermeidbar sein. Konkret wird gemäß der dortigen Lösung vorgeschlagen, die an sich bekannte Rücklaufeinströmkammer für einen Teilstrom in Richtung der Ausmündung des Vorlaufanschlußstutzens zu öffnen. Hierdurch soll ständig kaltes Rücklaufwasser dem warmen Vorlaufwasser beigemischt werden. Darüberhinaus ist zur Lenkung des Hauptstromes des Rücklaufwassers in Richtung Kesselvorderwand und Nachschaltheizflächen die Ausbildung von seitlichen Aussparungen am unteren Begrenzungsblech der Rücklaufeinströmkammer erforderlich.
Um die geforderten Wirkungen zu erreichen, muß die bekannte Rücklaufeinströmkammer über einen großen Abschnitt der horizontalen Länge des Kessels geführt werden, mit der Folge einer ungleichmäßigeren Temperaturverteilung über das gesamte Kesselvolumen.
From the German utility model DE 296 02 075 U1 a boiler is known, consisting of a water-carrying housing provided with a supply and return connection piece and a horizontal combustion chamber enclosed therein as well as secondary heating surfaces. With a special water flow inside the boiler, it should be possible to avoid dropping below the dew point in the area of the secondary heating surfaces. Specifically, according to the solution there, it is proposed to open the known return inflow chamber for a partial flow in the direction of the mouth of the flow connection piece. In this way, cold return water should be constantly mixed with the warm supply water. In addition, in order to direct the main flow of the return water in the direction of the front wall of the boiler and secondary heating surfaces, it is necessary to form lateral recesses on the lower boundary plate of the return inflow chamber.
In order to achieve the required effects, the known return inflow chamber must be run over a large section of the horizontal length of the boiler, with the result of a more uneven temperature distribution over the entire boiler volume.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen weiterentwickelten Kessel zur Aufbereitung von Warmwasser anzugeben, wobei einerseits sichergestellt ist, daß im Bereich der Nachschaltheizflächen sich Heizwasser mit einer Temperatur befindet, die Taupunkterscheinungen ausschließt und andererseits die gewünschte gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung innerhalb des Kesselvolumens erhalten bleibt bzw. positiv beeinflußt wird.It is therefore an object of the invention to develop one Specify boilers for the preparation of hot water, being on the one hand it is ensured that in the area of the secondary heating surfaces there is heating water at a temperature that Excludes dew point phenomena and on the other hand the desired one uniform temperature distribution within the boiler volume is retained or is positively influenced.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe der Erfindung erfolgt mit einem Gegenstand gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1, wobei die Unteransprüche mindestens zweckmäßig Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen umfassen.The object of the invention is achieved with an object according to the features of claim 1, the subclaims at least useful refinements and developments include.

Gemäß dem Grundgedanken der Erfindung wird im Bereich unterhalb des Vorlaufanschlußstutzens eine Kammer, die aus einem Leitblech gebildet ist, mit einer oder mehreren Bypaßöffnungen angeordnet. Das Leitblech bzw. die Kammer erstreckt sich dabei an den Nachschaltheizflächen vorbei in den unteren Kesselbereich. Durch die konstruktive Anordnung des Leitbleches bzw. Ausbildung der Kammer wird Heizwasser aus dem unteren kälteren Bereich direkt zum Vorlaufabschnitt geleitet und dort mittels der Bypaßöffnungen mit wärmerem Wasser aus dem Bereich der Nachschaltheizflächen bzw. dem oberen Kesselabschnitt zum Vorlaufwasser hin vermischt.According to the basic idea of the invention, the area below of the flow connector a chamber made of a baffle is formed, arranged with one or more bypass openings. The baffle or the chamber extends on the secondary heating surfaces over to the lower boiler area. Through the constructive arrangement of the guide plate or formation of the chamber becomes heating water from the lower colder area directly to Lead section and passed there by means of the bypass openings with warmer water from the area of the secondary heating surfaces or the upper section of the boiler mixed to the flow water.

Erfindungsgemäß lassen sich die Wassermengen des warmen und des kalten Teilstromes aus dem oberen bzw. unteren Kesselabschnitt über die Form des Leitbleches bzw. die Größe und Gestaltung der Kammer sowie die Vorgabe der Bypaßquerschnitte einstellen. Aufgrund der gegebenen Zusammenhänge kann die Temperatur des warmen Teilstromes erhöht werden, indem die entsprechende Teilstrommenge im Verhältnis zur Menge des kälteren Teilstromes reduziert wird.According to the invention, the amounts of water can be warm and cold partial flow from the upper or lower boiler section about the shape of the baffle or the size and design of the Set the chamber and the specification of the bypass cross sections. by virtue of Given the relationships, the temperature of the warm Partial flow can be increased by the corresponding partial flow amount reduced in relation to the amount of the colder partial flow becomes.

Um im Hochtemperaturbetrieb des Kessels Dampfblasenbildung im Bereich der Nachschaltheizflächen zu vermeiden, wird eine Mindestmenge des warmen Teilstromes durch entsprechend dimensionierte Bypaßöffnungen geführt. Zusätzlich kann eine an sich bekannte Kesselentlüftung vorgesehen sein. In order to generate vapor bubbles in the boiler during high temperature operation Avoiding the area of the secondary heating surfaces will be a minimum quantity of the warm partial flow by appropriately dimensioned Bypass openings led. In addition, one in itself Known boiler ventilation can be provided.

Erfindungsgemäß kann bei der vorstehend beschriebenen Anordnung von Leitblech bzw. Ausbildung der Kammer unterhalb des Vorlaufanschlußstutzens auf die bisher notwendige konstruktive Ausbildung eines Leitbleches unter dem Rücklaufanschlußstutzen zur Vermeidung eines thermischen Kurzschlusses verzichtet werden. Es wird nämlich erfindungsgemäß eine unerwünschte Kurzschlußströmung des Heizwassers vom Rücklauf- zum Vorlaufstutzen bereits durch das Leitblech bzw. die Kammer unter dem Vorlaufanschlußstutzen verhindert.According to the invention in the arrangement described above of baffle or formation of the chamber below the flow connector on the previously required constructive training a baffle under the return port Avoidance of a thermal short circuit. It namely, according to the invention, an undesirable short circuit flow of the heating water from the return to the flow connection through the baffle or the chamber under the flow connector prevented.

Durch den Fortfall des Rücklaufleitbleches ergibt sich im Bereich unterhalb des Rücklaufanschlußstutzens eine Zone, in der das einströmende kalte Rücklaufwasser mit dem aufsteigenden warmen Wasser vermischt wird, so daß im gesamten Kesselinneren, das heißt im Wassermantel, eine gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung vorliegt.The loss of the return guide plate results in the area a zone below the return connector in which the incoming cold return water with the rising warm Water is mixed, so that the entire inside of the boiler, the in the water jacket means an even temperature distribution is present.

In einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht die Möglichkeit den Rücklaufanschlußstutzen unterhalb der Nachschaltheizflächen, das heißt im unteren Abschnitt des Kessels bzw. des Gehäuses des Kessels anzuordnen.In one embodiment of the invention there is the possibility the return connection pipe below the secondary heating surfaces, that is in the lower section of the boiler or the housing of the To arrange the boiler.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße, vom Bereich des Vorlaufanschlußstutzens im Inneren des Kesselgehäuses hin zum Gehäuseboden gerichtet angeordnete, die Nachschaltheizflächen umgebende Vorlaufleitblech bzw. die erfindungsgemäße Vorlaufkammer wird ein Unterschreiten der Taupunkttemperatur im Bereich der Nachschaltheizflächen im Kesselbetrieb wirksam verhindert. Das Vorlaufleitblech bzw. die Vorlaufkammer weist zum Erreichen der gewünschten thermischen Strömungen im oberen, zum Vorlaufanschlußstutzen gerichteten Abschnitt die erwähnte, mindestens eine Bypaßöffnung auf, wodurch gleichzeitig eine unerwünschte Dampfblasenbildung bei maximaler Heizleistung vermieden werden kann. By the inventive, from the area of the flow connection piece in the interior of the boiler housing towards the housing base arranged flow guide plate surrounding the secondary heating surfaces or the flow chamber according to the invention becomes a Falling below the dew point temperature in the area of the secondary heating surfaces effectively prevented in boiler operation. The flow guide plate or the flow chamber points to the desired one thermal currents in the upper, to the flow connection directed section said, at least one bypass opening on, which at the same time causes undesirable vapor bubble formation can be avoided at maximum heating output.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung besitzt das Vorlaufleitblech bzw. die hieraus gebildete Kammer eine im wesentlichen halbzylindrische oder halbkreisförmige Ausbildung, wobei im Bereich des offenen Zylinder- oder Halbkreisabschnittes dieser eine Verengung zur Drosselung der Kaltwasserzufuhr hinein in die vom Leitblech umgebenen oder umschlossenen Nachschaltheizflächen aufweist. Hierdurch wird wie dargelegt, eine übermäßig große Zuführung von Kaltwasser in den kondensatgefährdeten Leitblech- oder Kammerinnenraum wirksam verhindert.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention Flow guide plate or the chamber formed from it essentially semi-cylindrical or semi-circular design, being in the area of the open cylinder or semicircular section this narrows down to reduce the cold water supply into the secondary heating surfaces surrounded or enclosed by the baffle having. This, as set forth, becomes excessive large supply of cold water in the condensate-prone Baffle or chamber interior effectively prevented.

Bei einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Querschnittsflache der Bypaßöffnungen ausgehend von der Solltemperatur des Vorlaufwassers veränderbar, wodurch die gewünschte weitere Homogenisierung der Temperaturverteilung des Wassermantels unterstützt werden kann.In a further embodiment of the invention, the cross-sectional area is the bypass openings based on the target temperature of the flow water can be changed, creating the desired further homogenization of the temperature distribution of the Water jacket can be supported.

Erfindungsgemäß befinden sich Bypaßöffnungen sowohl stirnseitig zwischen Vorlaufleitblech bzw. Kammer für den Zustrom von erwärmtem Wasser hin zum Vorlaufanschlußstutzen als auch im oberen Bereich der Kammer, um ein gezieltes Vermischen von Wasser unterschiedlicher Temperaturen im Bereich des Vorlaufanschlußstutzens zu gewährleisten.According to the invention, bypass openings are both on the front between the flow guide plate or chamber for the inflow of heated Water to the flow connector as well as in the upper one Area of the chamber to selectively mix different water Temperatures in the area of the flow connector to ensure.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Anordnung des Vorlaufleitbleches bzw. die Ausbildung der Kammer nur über einen Teilabschnitt der Nachschaltheizflächen, nämlich den zum Rauchgasabzug hin gerichteten Bereich, d. h. zu dem Teil mit der geringsten Rauchgastemperatur notwendig ist.It has been shown that the arrangement of the flow guide plate or the formation of the chamber only over a portion of the Post-heating surfaces, namely the one facing the flue gas outlet Area, d. H. to the part with the lowest flue gas temperature necessary is.

Die Erfindung soll nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles sowie unter zu Hilfenahme von Figuren näher erläutert werden.The invention is intended to be explained below using an exemplary embodiment and explained in more detail with the help of figures become.

Hierbei zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine prinzipielle Darstellung des Kessels zur Aufbereitung von Warmwasser in seitlicher Schnittdarstellung und
Fig. 2
eine Querschnittsdarstellung des Kessels längs der Linie A-A aus Fig. 1.
Here show:
Fig. 1
a basic representation of the boiler for the preparation of hot water in a side sectional view and
Fig. 2
2 shows a cross-sectional illustration of the boiler along the line AA from FIG. 1.

Der in den Figuren dargestellte Kessel zur Aufbereitung von Warmwasser besitzt ein wasserführendes Gehäuse 1, das einen Vorlaufanschlußstutzen 2, sowie einen Rücklaufanschlußstutzen 3 aufweist.The boiler shown in the figures for the preparation of Hot water has a water-carrying housing 1, which has a flow connection piece 2, and a return connection piece 3 having.

Über einer im wesentlichen horizontal angeordneten Brennkammer 4 befinden sich mehrere Nachschaltheizflächen 5, die im wesentlichen parallel verlaufen. Diese Nachschaltheizflächen 5 werden vom Rauchgas durchströmt und geben durch das Rauchgas zugeführte Wärmeenergie an das umgebende Mediumwasser ab.Above an essentially horizontally arranged combustion chamber 4 there are several Nachschaltheizflächen 5, which are essentially run parallel. This Nachschaltheizflächen 5 will flowed through by the flue gas and passed through the flue gas Thermal energy to the surrounding medium water.

In einem Abschnitt unterhalb der Einmündung des Vorlaufanschlußstutzens 2 ist ein spezielles Leitblech 6 zur Bildung einer entsprechenden Kammer vorgesehen. Diese Kammer wird stirnseitig durch ein Leitblech 6' begrenzt.In a section below the confluence of the flow connector 2 is a special baffle 6 to form a appropriate chamber provided. This chamber becomes the front limited by a baffle 6 '.

Das Leitblech 6 bzw. die Kammer hat wie in Fig. 2 ersichtlich, eine halbelliptische, halbkreisförmige oder halbzylindrische Form und umschließt die Nachschaltheizflächen 5 bzw. den kondensationsgefährdeten Bereich 13.As can be seen in FIG. 2, the guide plate 6 or the chamber has a semi-elliptical, semi-circular or semi-cylindrical Form and encloses the Nachschaltheizflächen 5 or the condensation Area 13.

Wie ebenfalls aus der Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist der untere Bereich des Leitbleches 6 zur Mittellängsachse des Gehäuses 1 bzw. zur Brennkammer 4 hin verjüngt oder verengt, um eine Kaltwasserströmung aus dem unteren Kesselbereich in den kondensationsgefährdeten Bereich 13 hin zu reduzieren. As can also be seen from FIG. 2, the lower area is of the guide plate 6 to the central longitudinal axis of the housing 1 and Combustion chamber 4 tapers or narrows to a cold water flow from the lower boiler area to those at risk of condensation Reduce area 13.

Bei der Darstellung gemäß Fig. 1 ist weiterhin im Bereich des Rücklaufanschlußstutzens 3 ein Rücklaufleitblech 7 gezeigt. Dieses verhindert beim bekannten Stand der Technik einen thermischen Kurzschluß zwischen Rücklaufanschluß 3 und Vorlaufanschluß 2.1 is also in the range of Return connector 3 a return baffle 7 shown. This prevents a thermal in the known prior art Short circuit between return connection 3 and flow connection Second

Wenn jedoch der Rücklaufanschlußstutzen 3 sich oberhalb eines von sehr heißen Rauchgasen durchströmten Abschnittes der Nachschaltheizflächen 5 befindet, oder wie in der Fig. 1 angedeutet, im unteren Bereich des Gehäuses 1 angeordnet ist, kann auf ein separates Rücklaufleitblech mit dem Vorteil eines geringeren Bauaufwandes sowie einer gleichmäßigeren Temperaturverteilung im Kesselinneren verzichtet werden. However, if the return connector 3 is above a section of the secondary heating surfaces through which very hot flue gases flow 5 is located, or as indicated in FIG. 1, is arranged in the lower region of the housing 1, can on a separate return baffle with the advantage of a smaller one Construction effort and a more uniform temperature distribution in the Boiler interior can be dispensed with.

Die Kammer besitzt Bypaßöffnungen 12 durch welche Warmwasserströme 8 geführt werden können, die sich mit Kesselwasser aus dem kälteren Bereich 9 vermischen. Das Vorlaufwasser 10 hat dann eine Temperatur die sie als Mischtemperatur aus warmen Kesselwasser 8 mit Wasser aus dem kälteren Bereich 9 einstellt.The chamber owns Bypass openings 12 through which hot water flows 8 can be made with boiler water from the colder area 9 mix. The flow water 10 then has one Temperature which is the mixed temperature of warm boiler water 8 with water from the colder area 9.

Das Leitblech 6 erstreckt sich wie in der Fig. 1 dargestellt, nur über einen Teilabschnitt der Nachschaltheizflächen 5, nämlich über einen solchen Abschnitt, der zum Rauchgasabzug 11 hin gerichtet ist und der in Folge der bereits abgekühlten Rauchgase die geringste Temperatur besitzt und daher besonders kondensationsgefährdet ist.The guide plate 6 extends as shown in FIG. 1, only over a section of the secondary heating surfaces 5, namely over such a section that leads to flue gas extraction 11 is directed towards and the result of the already cooled Flue gases have the lowest temperature and are therefore special is at risk of condensation.

Durch das Leitblech 6 bzw. die Kammer wird Kaltwasser aus dem unteren Bereich des Kessels, vorbei an den Nachschaltheizflächen 5 hin nach oben, d. h. zum Vorlaufanschlußstutzen geführt und dort mit entsprechenden Warmwasser mit Hilfe der Bypaßöffnungen 12, vermischt. Da sich die Vorlauftemperatur als Mischtemperatur aus den Teilströmungen kalt und warm ergibt, besitzt der wärmere Teilstrom eine höhere Temperatur als das Vorlaufwasser, so daß sich eine vorteilhafte thermische Strömung einstellt, ohne daß die Temperaturverteilung im gesamten Kessel in nachteiliger Weise über das gewünschte Maß hinaus beeinflußt ist.Through the baffle 6 or the chamber, cold water from the lower area of the boiler, past the secondary heating surfaces 5 upwards, d. H. led to the flow connector and there with appropriate hot water using the Bypass openings 12, mixed. Because the flow temperature results in cold and warm as the mixed temperature from the partial flows, the warmer partial flow has a higher temperature than the flow water, so that there is an advantageous thermal Flow adjusts without the temperature distribution in the entire boiler in a disadvantageous manner over the desired dimension is influenced.

Die Solltemperatur des Vorlaufwassers wird von einer nicht gezeigten externen Regelung und die Heizwassermenge vom Heizanlagesystem, umfassend Pumpe, Mischer usw. bestimmt. Die Wassermengen des warmen und des kalten Teilstromes ergeben sich dann über die Form des Leitbleches bzw. der hierdurch gebildeten Kammer und die Größe der Bypaßöffnungen bzw. der Bypaßquerschnitte. Durch diese leicht nachvollziehbaren Zusammenhänge besteht die Möglichkeit die Temperatur des warmen Teilstromes zu erhöhen, indem die entsprechende Teilstrommenge im Verhältnis zur Teilstrommenge des kälteren Stromes verringert wird. The target temperature of the flow water is not one shown external control and the amount of heating water from the heating system, comprising pump, mixer, etc. determined. The Water quantities of the warm and the cold partial flow result then about the shape of the baffle or this formed chamber and the size of the bypass openings or the Bypaßquerschnitte. Through these easily understandable relationships there is a possibility the temperature of the warm Increase partial flow by the corresponding partial flow amount in relation to the partial flow of the colder flow is reduced.

Bei einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann die Querschnittsfläche der Bypaßöffnungen durch eine nicht gezeigte verstellbare Blende oder dergleichen in Abhängigkeit von der Solltemperatur des Vorlaufwassers von außen verändert werden, so daß sich optimale Strömungsverhältnisse innerhalb des Kessels in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Last einstellen lassen. In a further embodiment of the invention, the Cross-sectional area of the bypass openings through a not shown adjustable aperture or the like depending changed from the target temperature of the flow water from the outside be, so that there are optimal flow conditions within of the boiler depending on the respective load let set.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Gehäusecasing
22
VorlaufanschlußstutzenLead connecting branch
33
RücklaufanschlußstutzenReturn connecting piece
44
Brennkammercombustion chamber
55
Nachschaltheizflächendownstream heating
66
VorlaufleitblechVorlaufleitblech
6'6 '
Vorlaufleitblech zur stirnseitigen Begrenzung der VorlaufkammerFlow guide plate for the frontal limitation of the flow chamber
77
RücklaufleitblechRücklaufleitblech
88th
WarmwasserstromWarm water flow
99
KaltwasserstromCold water flow
1010
Vorlaufwassersupply water
1111
RauchgasabzugFlue gas exhaust
1212
BypaßöffnungenBypaßöffnungen
1313
kondensationsgefährderter Bereichcondensation area

Claims (7)

  1. A boiler for preparing hot water with a water-conveying housing (1), containing a forward-flow and return-flow connexion socket (2, 3) as well as a substantially horizontal. combustion chamber (4) which is arranged in the housing (1) and which is connected to downstream heating faces (5) which are traversed by heating gases as far as a crude-gas outlet (11),
    wherein at least the forward-flow connexion socket (2) is situated on the top of the housing (1),
    wherein a forward-flow chamber, directed towards the housing floor and surrounding the downstream heating faces (5), extends from the region of the forward-flow connexion socket (2) in the interior of the housing,
    wherein the forward-flow chamber is formed by a first forward-flow guide plate (6) which has a hemi-cylindrical or hemi-elliptical shape, and
    wherein the forward-flow chamber has at least one by-pass opening (12) in the upper portion directed towards the forward-flow connexion socket (2), so that it is possible to prevent failure to reach the dew-point temperature in the region of the downstream heating faces (5) by influencing the cold-water supply flow during the operation of the boiler,
    characterized in that
    the forward-flow chamber is bounded on its end face by a second forward-flow guide plate (6').
  2. A boiler according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the open region of the hemi-cylindrical or hemi-elliptical forward-flow chamber the latter has a constriction for throttling the cold-water supply flow into the interior (13) of the chamber at risk from condensate.
  3. A boiler according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a return-flow guide plate (7) for preventing a thermal short-circuiting flow to the forward-flow connexion socket (2) is arranged below a return-flow connexion socket (3) provided on the top of the boiler.
  4. A boiler according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the return-flow connexion socket (3) is arranged on the underside of the boiler.
  5. A boiler according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional face of the at least one by-pass opening (12) is variable.
  6. A boiler according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the at least one by-pass opening (12) is situated on the end face of the forward-flow chamber for the supply of heated water to the forward-flow connexion socket (2).
  7. A boiler according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the forward-flow chamber extends over a partial portion of the downstream heating faces (5) directed towards the crude-gas outlet (11).
EP98102442A 1997-05-15 1998-02-12 Water heater Expired - Lifetime EP0878674B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19720456 1997-05-15
DE19720456 1997-05-15
DE19724942 1997-06-12
DE19724942A DE19724942C1 (en) 1997-05-15 1997-06-12 Boiler for the treatment of hot water

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0878674A2 EP0878674A2 (en) 1998-11-18
EP0878674A3 EP0878674A3 (en) 2000-05-24
EP0878674B1 true EP0878674B1 (en) 2004-07-14

Family

ID=26036582

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98102442A Expired - Lifetime EP0878674B1 (en) 1997-05-15 1998-02-12 Water heater

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0878674B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE271209T1 (en)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3502435A1 (en) * 1985-01-25 1986-07-31 Hans Dr.h.c. 3559 Battenberg Vießmann HEATING BOILER
DE29602075U1 (en) 1996-02-07 1996-05-23 Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0878674A2 (en) 1998-11-18
EP0878674A3 (en) 2000-05-24
ATE271209T1 (en) 2004-07-15

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