EP0873473B1 - Fuel injector - Google Patents

Fuel injector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0873473B1
EP0873473B1 EP97932714A EP97932714A EP0873473B1 EP 0873473 B1 EP0873473 B1 EP 0873473B1 EP 97932714 A EP97932714 A EP 97932714A EP 97932714 A EP97932714 A EP 97932714A EP 0873473 B1 EP0873473 B1 EP 0873473B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
pressure
fuel
fuel injection
injection system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP97932714A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0873473A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Klinger
Uwe Kuhn
Bernd Rosenau
Peter Traub
Gerd Loesch
Sandro Soccol
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP0873473A1 publication Critical patent/EP0873473A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0003—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
    • F02M63/0007—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using electrically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection system the genus of claim 1.
  • a series injection pump is provided, the three pump pistons with corresponding pump work rooms.
  • This pump piston delivers into the high-pressure fuel accumulator in a controlled quantity, the fuel injection quantity high-pressure delivery by one by one electrical control device controlled solenoid valve takes place in a discharge line of the respective Pump work room is arranged and with the closing the High pressure delivery phase determined.
  • the each pump workspace through a piston-guided one Control edge connected to a fuel supply, so that the Pump workspace in bottom dead center with Fuel is filled.
  • the pump pistons are thereby Multiple cams driven, so that they are synchronous to respective fuel injection point of each Fuel injection valves have their high-pressure delivery phase and thus approximately the same pressure in the high-pressure fuel reservoir can be adjusted. With help of a Pressure sensor, this pressure is detected and corresponding to a Setpoint from the electrical control device Control signal sent to the respective solenoid valves.
  • This device has the disadvantage that it is very complex Control required for each pump element of the high pressure pump is.
  • a pressure change in the high-pressure accumulator can only be carried out when one High pressure fuel injection takes place, so that a spontaneous Change in a higher pressure level in the high-pressure fuel reservoir can only be carried out with a delay.
  • Around a pressure change in the memory can cause the pressure only increase during injection. That results in an undefined State of the memory pressure during the Injection so that it is difficult to get the right amount of injection as a sum effect of at a certain metering cross-section current pressure and time.
  • a fuel injection system of the type according to the invention has a high-pressure pump 1, which is synchronous with the speed associated internal combustion engine is driven. This sucks 2 fuel from a fuel tank and promotes this via a high-pressure fuel line 3, preferably controlled by an electrically controlled control valve, here a solenoid valve 4, and one in the conveying direction opening check valve 5 in a high-pressure fuel accumulator 6.
  • Fuel lines 8 lead from these Fuel injection valves 9 on the internal combustion engine 10. The from the fuel injection valves 9 to the internal combustion engine the amount of fuel delivered is in each case by a preferably electrically controlled valve, in In the present embodiment, a solenoid valve 11 is controlled.
  • valves are controlled by a Electrical control unit 14, the signals from a pressure sensor 15 receives the pressure in the high-pressure fuel reservoir detected.
  • the electrical control unit also receives signals of a speed sensor, an TDC sensor and other parameters of the internal combustion engine, such as the desired speed and operating conditions of the internal combustion engine and controls the fuel injection valves 9 accordingly With the help of the solenoid valves 11 according to quantity and time of injection of fuel.
  • the electrical control unit also controls the solenoid valve 4, which is the delivery rate of the high pressure pump controls in the fuel storage and with this control the pressure in the fuel storage at the desired value holds.
  • the high pressure pump shown only symbolically in FIG. 1 with solenoid valve 4 and check valve 5 is more detailed in Figure 2 shown.
  • a first pump element 16 and a second pump element 17 Each of the Pump elements has a pump cylinder 19 in which a Pump piston 20, which is driven by a drive cam 22 is moved against the force of a spring 21.
  • the pump pistons close each one in the cylinder 19 Working space 23, which via a fuel pressure line, in arranged in each case the pressure valve 5 opening in the conveying direction is connected to the high-pressure fuel reservoir 6 is.
  • the pump work space is filled in each case via a filling bore 25, which is at the bottom dead center of the pump piston is opened by the end edge 26, so that Fuel from the reservoir 2 or if necessary via a pre-feed pump 24 into the pump work space 23 its full fulfillment can come.
  • Delivery stroke is the filling bore 25 through the pump piston closed and the existing in the pump work room 23 Compressed fuel.
  • This process then leads to High-pressure delivery in the high-pressure fuel reservoir 6, if that in a relief line 27 of the pump work space 23 arranged solenoid valve 4 is closed.
  • This Solenoid valves 4 are, as already said above, by the electrical one Control unit 14 controlled so that it is in the high-pressure fuel reservoir 6 sets a desired pressure.
  • the first pump element 16 controlled by the solenoid valve so that the Pump working space 23 over a certain pump piston delivery stroke is closed, so that high-pressure delivery via this stroke into the high pressure accumulator.
  • a bore 28 in the from the end face 26 of the pump piston goes out and to a circumferential control groove 29 am Pump piston leads, it is possible to achieve a maximum delivery stroke of the pump piston by using the control groove this maximum delivery stroke the pump workspace with the Filling hole 25 and thus connects to the low pressure chamber.
  • the Maximum pressure is then preferably promoted by a Closing of the solenoid valve from a certain pump piston stroke initiated and thus controlled the high pressure output.
  • the pressure first increases, which then drops as the injection occurs and after the end of injection by the rest of the High-pressure delivery of the high-pressure fuel pump again the original level can be raised.
  • the high-pressure fuel delivery quantities F the injection quantities adjusted, so there is an overall average pressure level MD a.
  • the second pump element 17 driven, but it is because of the open Solenoid valve 4 no high-pressure delivery in the high-pressure fuel reservoir.
  • the fuel moved by the pump piston 20 is in the fuel tank via the open solenoid valve 2 promoted.
  • the pressure curve shows that with insertion promoting FK the pressure level from a first level D1 is raised to a second level D2. About the Injection remains at this level due to the promotion of the get first pump element.
  • the one in FIG. 5 reproduced curve with pressure decrease at Quantity withdrawal during the injection in FIG. 4 been neglected.
  • a modification of the control of the second pump element according to embodiment Figure 2 can with the second pump element 17 'of Figure 3, the control valve as a control valve 4 ', here again as a solenoid valve instead of in a separate discharge line now also in the inlet of the pre-feed pump 24 to the pump work chamber 23 or Filling bore 25 may be arranged.
  • the previously provided relief line can be omitted.
  • Control valve 4 ' opens so that a complete filling of the Pump work room 23 is possible.
  • the control valve 4 ' is closed.
  • a constant stroke of the pump element also serves here 17 'of the high pressure delivery when it is switched on.
  • the bore 28 with the filling bore 25 via the control groove 29 can also have a check valve 30 producible connection to the pump work room 23 in the Suction phase are provided.
  • a check valve 30 producible connection to the pump work room 23 in the Suction phase are provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht von einem Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach der Gattung des Patentanspruchs 1 aus. Bei einer solchen, durch die EP-B1-0 243 871 bekannten Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem ist zur Druckversorgung des Kraftstoffhochdruckspeichers eine Reiheneinspritzpumpe vorgesehen, die drei Pumpenkolben mit entsprechenden Pumpenarbeitsräumen aufweist. Jeder dieser Pumpenkolben fördert in den Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher in geregelter Menge, wobei die Kraftstoffeinspritzmengenhochdruckförderung durch jeweils ein von einer elektrischen Steuereinrichtung gesteuertes Magnetventil erfolgt, das in einer Entlastungsleitung des jeweiligen Pumpenarbeitsraumes angeordnet ist und mit dem Schließen die Phase der Hochdruckförderung bestimmt. Beim Saughub wird der jeweilige Pumpenarbeitsraum durch eine vom Kolben geführte Steuerkante mit einem Kraftstoffzulauf verbunden, so daß der Pumpenarbeitsraum im unteren Totpunkt gänzlich mit Kraftstoff gefüllt wird. Die Pumpenkolben werden dabei durch Mehrfachnocken angetrieben, derart, daß sie synchron zum jeweiligen Kraftstoffeinspritzpunkt der einzelnen Kraftstoffeinspritzventile ihre Hochdruckförderphase haben und somit ein etwa gleicher Druck in dem Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher eingestellt werden kann. Mit Hilfe eines Drucksensors wird dieser Druck erfaßt und entsprechend einem Sollwert von der elektrischen Steuereinrichtung ein Steuersignal an die jeweiligen Magnetventile abgegeben.The invention relates to a fuel injection system the genus of claim 1. With such a through the fuel injection system known from EP-B1-0 243 871 is for supplying pressure to the high-pressure fuel reservoir a series injection pump is provided, the three pump pistons with corresponding pump work rooms. Everyone this pump piston delivers into the high-pressure fuel accumulator in a controlled quantity, the fuel injection quantity high-pressure delivery by one by one electrical control device controlled solenoid valve takes place in a discharge line of the respective Pump work room is arranged and with the closing the High pressure delivery phase determined. During the suction stroke, the each pump workspace through a piston-guided one Control edge connected to a fuel supply, so that the Pump workspace in bottom dead center with Fuel is filled. The pump pistons are thereby Multiple cams driven, so that they are synchronous to respective fuel injection point of each Fuel injection valves have their high-pressure delivery phase and thus approximately the same pressure in the high-pressure fuel reservoir can be adjusted. With help of a Pressure sensor, this pressure is detected and corresponding to a Setpoint from the electrical control device Control signal sent to the respective solenoid valves.

Diese Einrichzung hat den Nachteil, daß eine sehr aufwendige Steuerung für jedes Pumpenelement der Hochdruckpumpe erforderlich ist. Eine Druckänderung im Hochdruckspeicher kann dabei lediglich immer dann vorgenommen werden, wenn eine Kraftstoffhochdruckeinspritzung erfolgt, so daß eine spontane Änderung eines höheren Druckniveaus im Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher nur verzögert durchgeführt werden kann. Um eine Druckänderung im Speicher zu erwirken kann der Druck nur während der Einspritzung ansteigen. Das ergibt einen Undefinierten Zustand des Speicherdrucks während der Einsppritzung, sodaß es schwierig wird, die richtige Einspritzmenge als Summenwirkung von an einem bestimmten Zumeßquerschnitt anstehenden Druck und der Zeit zu bemessen.This device has the disadvantage that it is very complex Control required for each pump element of the high pressure pump is. A pressure change in the high-pressure accumulator can only be carried out when one High pressure fuel injection takes place, so that a spontaneous Change in a higher pressure level in the high-pressure fuel reservoir can only be carried out with a delay. Around a pressure change in the memory can cause the pressure only increase during injection. That results in an undefined State of the memory pressure during the Injection so that it is difficult to get the right amount of injection as a sum effect of at a certain metering cross-section current pressure and time.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem mit den Merkmalen des Kennzeichens des Patentanspruchs 1 ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß durch ein Zu- und Abschalten des zweiten der Pumpenelemente, das mit konstanter Hochdruckfördermenge betrieben wird, hier eine sehr einfache Regelung des Drucks im Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher erzielt werden kann. Insbesondere wird durch das Zuschalten des mit konstanter Hochdruckfördermenge arbeitenden Pumpenelements eine schnelle und spontane Drucksteigerung im Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher erzielt, so daß schnell auf sich ändernde Betriebsbedingungen reagiert wird. Insbesondere ist es vorteilhaft, daß wenn das zweite der Pumpenelemente in einem zwischen den Kraftstoffeinspritzvorgängen der einzelnen Kraftstoffeinspritzventile liegenden Zeitraum fördert bereits frühzeitig das Druckniveau von einem ersten Werte auf einen zweiten Werte verändert werden kann und dann dann mittels den mit variabler Kraftstoffördermenge fördernden Pumpenelementen in den Betriebsbereich in dem die Einspritzungen erfolgen konstant gehalten wird. Somit wird ein stabiler Speicherdruck während der Einspritzung erzielt. Das zweite Pumpenelement wird zur Durchhführung der Druckerhöhung nur einen relativ geringen Zeitanteil der Betriebsdauer der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe unter Arbeitsbedingunngen betrieben und kann vorteilhaft auf eine kürzere Lebendsdauer ausgelegt werden.By the fuel injection system according to the invention with the Features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1 result the advantage that by switching the second one on and off of the pump elements, with a constant high pressure delivery rate is operated, here a very simple regulation of the pressure can be achieved in the high-pressure fuel reservoir. In particular is by switching on the with constant high pressure flow rate working pump element a fast and spontaneous pressure increase in the high-pressure fuel storage achieved so that quickly changing operating conditions is reacted to. In particular, it is advantageous that if the second of the pump elements in one between the fuel injections of the individual fuel injection valves period promotes the early Pressure level from a first value to a second value can be changed and then using the variable Pump elements in the fuel supply pump Operating range in which the injections take place constantly is held. Thus, a stable storage pressure during the injection achieved. The second pump element becomes Implementation of the pressure increase only a relatively small one Time share of the operating time of the fuel injection pump operated under working conditions and can be beneficial on a shorter life span can be designed.

Desweiteren werden vorteilhaft Druckschwingungen im Hochdruckspeicher wohl gemäß der Lösung nach Patentanspruch 1, also auch nach der Lösung gemäß Patentanspruch 2 vermieden. Weiterhin vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die synchron zur Brennkraftmaschine angetriebenen Antriebsnocken als Mehrfachnokken, insbesondere als Dreifachnocken ausgeführt werden, so daß eine Vielzahl von Hüben pro Umdrehung auch bei wenigen Pumpenelementen erzielbar sind.Furthermore, pressure fluctuations in the high-pressure accumulator are advantageous probably according to the solution according to claim 1, thus also avoided after the solution according to claim 2. It is also advantageous if the synchronous to the internal combustion engine driven drive cams as multiple nocks, in particular as triple cams, so that a large number of strokes per revolution, even with a few Pump elements can be achieved.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 eine thematische Darstellung des Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems,
  • Figur 2 eine schematische Darstellung der Hochdruckpumpe mit einem mit variabler Fördermenge fördernden Pumpenelement und einem mit konstanter Fördermenge fördernden Pumpenelement,
  • Figur 3 einen Variante der Ansteuerung der Hochdruckpumpe zum Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 2,
  • Figur 4 eine graphische Darstellung des Druckverlaufs über die Zeiten der Einspritzung und Hochdruckförderung der Hochdruckpumpe,
  • Figur 5 den Druckverlauf über die Zeit bei zwischen den einzelnen Einspritzungen förderndem zweiten Pumpenelement.
    • An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail in the following description. Show it
  • FIG. 1 shows a thematic representation of the fuel injection system,
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of the high-pressure pump with a pump element that conveys a variable flow rate and a pump element that conveys a constant flow rate,
  • 3 shows a variant of the control of the high-pressure pump for the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 shows a graphical representation of the pressure curve over the times of injection and high-pressure delivery of the high-pressure pump,
  • Figure 5 shows the pressure curve over time with the second pump element delivering between the individual injections.

    • Beschreibungdescription

    Ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem der erfindungsgemäßen Art weist eine Hochdruckpumpe 1 auf, die drehzahlsynchron zur zugehörigen Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben wird. Diese saugt aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 2 Kraftstoff an und fördert diesen über eine Kraftstoffhochdruckleitung 3, vorzugsweise gesteuert durch ein elektrisch gesteuertes Steuerventil, hier einem Magnetventil 4, und über ein in Förderrichtung öffnendes Rückschlagventil 5 in einen Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher 6. Von diesen führen Kraftstoffleitungen 8 zu Kraftstoffeinspritzventilen 9 an der Brennkraftmaschine 10. Die von den Kraftstoffeinspritzventilen 9 an die Brennkraftmaschine abgegebene Kraftstoffmenge wird dabei jeweils durch ein vorzugsweise elektrisch gesteuertes Ventil, im vorliegendem Ausführungsbeispiel einem Magnetventil 11 gesteuert. Die Ansteuerung dieser Ventile erfolgt durch ein elektrisches Steuergerät 14, das Signale von einem Drucksensor 15 erhält, der den Druck im Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher erfaßt. Das elektrische Steuergerät erhält ferner Signale von einem Drehzahlaufnehmer, von einem OT-Geber und von sonstigen Parametern der Brennkraftmaschine, wie Drehzahlwunsch und Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine und steuert entsprechend die Kraftstoffeinspritzventile 9 mit Hilfe der Magnetventile 11 nach Menge und Einspritzzeitpunkt von Kraftstoff. Das elektrische Steuergerät steuert ferner das Magnetventil 4, das die Fördermenge der Hochdruckpumpe in den Kraftstoffspeicher steuert und mit dieser Steuerung den Druck im Kraftstoffspeicher auf dem gewünschten Wert hält.A fuel injection system of the type according to the invention has a high-pressure pump 1, which is synchronous with the speed associated internal combustion engine is driven. This sucks 2 fuel from a fuel tank and promotes this via a high-pressure fuel line 3, preferably controlled by an electrically controlled control valve, here a solenoid valve 4, and one in the conveying direction opening check valve 5 in a high-pressure fuel accumulator 6. Fuel lines 8 lead from these Fuel injection valves 9 on the internal combustion engine 10. The from the fuel injection valves 9 to the internal combustion engine the amount of fuel delivered is in each case by a preferably electrically controlled valve, in In the present embodiment, a solenoid valve 11 is controlled. These valves are controlled by a Electrical control unit 14, the signals from a pressure sensor 15 receives the pressure in the high-pressure fuel reservoir detected. The electrical control unit also receives signals of a speed sensor, an TDC sensor and other parameters of the internal combustion engine, such as the desired speed and operating conditions of the internal combustion engine and controls the fuel injection valves 9 accordingly With the help of the solenoid valves 11 according to quantity and time of injection of fuel. The electrical control unit also controls the solenoid valve 4, which is the delivery rate of the high pressure pump controls in the fuel storage and with this control the pressure in the fuel storage at the desired value holds.

    Die in Figur 1 nur symbolisch dargestellte Hochdruckpumpe mit Magnetventil 4 und Rückschlagventil 5 ist in Figur 2 detaillierter dargestellt. Hier sind unter Weglassung eines Gehäuses zwei Pumpenelemente dargestellt: ein erstes Pumpenelement 16 und ein zweites Pumpenelement 17. Jedes der Pumpenelemente weist einen Pumpenzylinder 19 auf, in dem ein Pumpenkolben 20, der von einem Antriebsnocken 22 angetrieben wird, gegen die Kraft einer Feder 21 bewegt wird. Die Pumpenkolben schließen dabei in dem Zylinder 19 jeweils einen Arbeitsraum 23 ein, der über eine Kraftstoffdruckleitung, in der jeweils das in Förderrichtung öffnende Druckventil 5 angeordnet ist, mit dem Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher 6 verbunden ist. Die Füllung des Pumpenarbeitsraums erfolgt jeweils über eine Füllbohrung 25, die im unteren Totpunkt des Pumpenkolbens durch dessen Stirnkante 26 geöffnet wird, so daß Kraftstoff aus dem Vorratsbehälter 2 oder gegebenenfalls über eine Vorförderpumpe 24 in den Pumpenarbeitsraum 23 zu dessen vollständige Erfüllung gelangen kann. Beim anschlieβenden Förderhub wird die Füllbohrung 25 durch den Pumpenkolben verschlossen und der im Pumpenarbeitsraum 23 vorhandene Kraftstoff komprimiert. Dieser Vorgang führt dann zur Hochdruckförderung in den Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher 6, wenn das in einer Entlastungsleitung 27 des Pumpenarbeitsraumes 23 angeordnete Magnetventil 4 geschlossen ist. Diese Magnetventile 4 werden, wie schon oben gesagt, von dem elektrischen Steuergerät 14 so gesteuert, daß sich in dem Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher 6 ein gewünschter Druck einstellt.The high pressure pump shown only symbolically in FIG. 1 with solenoid valve 4 and check valve 5 is more detailed in Figure 2 shown. Here are omitting one Shown two pump elements: a first pump element 16 and a second pump element 17. Each of the Pump elements has a pump cylinder 19 in which a Pump piston 20, which is driven by a drive cam 22 is moved against the force of a spring 21. The pump pistons close each one in the cylinder 19 Working space 23, which via a fuel pressure line, in arranged in each case the pressure valve 5 opening in the conveying direction is connected to the high-pressure fuel reservoir 6 is. The pump work space is filled in each case via a filling bore 25, which is at the bottom dead center of the pump piston is opened by the end edge 26, so that Fuel from the reservoir 2 or if necessary via a pre-feed pump 24 into the pump work space 23 its full fulfillment can come. Afterwards Delivery stroke is the filling bore 25 through the pump piston closed and the existing in the pump work room 23 Compressed fuel. This process then leads to High-pressure delivery in the high-pressure fuel reservoir 6, if that in a relief line 27 of the pump work space 23 arranged solenoid valve 4 is closed. This Solenoid valves 4 are, as already said above, by the electrical one Control unit 14 controlled so that it is in the high-pressure fuel reservoir 6 sets a desired pressure.

    Erfindungsgemäß wird im vorliegenden, z.B. das erste Pumpenelement 16 durch das Magnetventil so gesteuert, daß der Pumpenarbeitsraum 23 über einem bestimmten Pumpenkolbenförderhub geschlossen wird, so daß über diesen Hub eine Hochdruckförderung in den Hochdruckspeicher erfolgt. Mit Hilfe einer Bohrung 28 im die von der Stirnseite 26 des Pumpenkolbens ausgeht und zu einer umfangseitigen Steuernut 29 am Pumpenkolben führt, ist es möglich, einen maximalen Förderhub des Pumpenkolbens festzulegen, indem die Steuernut bei diesem maximalen Förderhub den Pumpenarbeitsraum mit der Füllbohrung 25 und damit zum Niederdruckraum verbindet. Die Höchdruckförderung wird dabei dann vorzugsweise durch ein Schließen des Magnetventils ab einem bestiimmten Pumpenkolbenhub eingeleitet und somit die Hochdruckfördermenge gesteuert.According to the present invention, e.g. the first pump element 16 controlled by the solenoid valve so that the Pump working space 23 over a certain pump piston delivery stroke is closed, so that high-pressure delivery via this stroke into the high pressure accumulator. With help a bore 28 in the from the end face 26 of the pump piston goes out and to a circumferential control groove 29 am Pump piston leads, it is possible to achieve a maximum delivery stroke of the pump piston by using the control groove this maximum delivery stroke the pump workspace with the Filling hole 25 and thus connects to the low pressure chamber. The Maximum pressure is then preferably promoted by a Closing of the solenoid valve from a certain pump piston stroke initiated and thus controlled the high pressure output.

    Mit Hilfe des Magnetventils wird somit variabel der in den Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher 6 geförderte Kraftstoff gesteuert, wobei diese Förderung wiederum abhängig ist von dem Antriebsnocken 22, der im vorliegenden Beispiel als Dreifachnocken ausgeführt ist und somit pro Umdrehung drei Förderhübe des Pumpenkolbens 20 bewirken kann. Dieser Nocken wird drehzahisynchron angetrieben, z.B. mit der Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine, und ist so ausgelegt, daß jeweils dann ein Förderhub des Pumpenkolbens 20 des ersten Pumpenelements erfolgt, wenn eine Kraftstoffeinspritzung über eines der Einspritzventile erforderlich ist.With the help of the solenoid valve is thus variable in the High-pressure fuel reservoir 6 controlled fuel delivered, this promotion in turn depends on the drive cam 22, in the present example as a triple cam is carried out and therefore three conveying strokes per revolution of the pump piston 20 can cause. That cam is driven synchronously with speed, e.g. at the speed of the Crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, and is designed that each time a delivery stroke of the pump piston 20 of the first Pump element takes place when a fuel injection via one of the injectors is required.

    In Figur 4 ist in einem Diagramm schematisch dargestellt, zu welchen Zeitpunkten eine Einspritzung E erfolgt, zu welchen Zeitpunkten eine Förderung F des ersten Pumpenelements erfolgt und welche Reaktion sich bei dem Druck im Kraftstoffhochdurckspeicher 6 mit dem Druckverlauf D einstellt. Man sieht, daß mit Beginn der Förderung, die insgesamt länger dauert, als die jeweilige Einspritzung und zu einem früheren Zeitpunkt als der Einspritzzeitpunkt beginnt, der Druck zunächst ansteigt, der dann mit eintretender Einspritzung abfällt und nach Ende der Einspritzung durch den Rest der Hochdruckförderung der Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe wieder auf das ursprüngliche Niveau angehoben werden kann. Sind also die Kraftstoffhochdruckfördermengen F den Einspritzmengen angepaßt, so stellt sich insgesamt ein mittleres Druckniveau MD ein. In diesem Zustand wird das zweite Pumpenelement 17 zwar angetrieben, aber es erfolgt wegen des geöffneten Magnetventils 4 keine Hochdruckförderung in den Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher. Der vom Pumpenkolben 20 bewegte Kraftstoff wird über das geöffnete Magnetventil in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 2 zurückgefördert. A diagram is shown schematically in FIG at what times an injection E takes place, at which At times, a promotion F of the first pump element takes place and what the reaction is to the pressure in the high-pressure fuel accumulator 6 with the pressure curve D. you sees that with the start of funding, the total longer lasts than the respective injection and to an earlier one When the injection begins, the pressure first increases, which then drops as the injection occurs and after the end of injection by the rest of the High-pressure delivery of the high-pressure fuel pump again the original level can be raised. So are the high-pressure fuel delivery quantities F the injection quantities adjusted, so there is an overall average pressure level MD a. In this state the second pump element 17 driven, but it is because of the open Solenoid valve 4 no high-pressure delivery in the high-pressure fuel reservoir. The fuel moved by the pump piston 20 is in the fuel tank via the open solenoid valve 2 promoted.

    Soll nun aber ein höherer Einspritzdruck im Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher eingestellt werden aufgrund bestimmter Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine, so wird das zweite Pumpenelement im Fördersinne in Betrieb genommen. Für diesen Fall wird dann das Magnetventil 4 des zweiten Pumpenelements 17 ganz geschlossen, so daß der Pumpenkolben 20 dieses Pumpenelements mit jedem Förderhub die gleiche Hochdruckmenge in den Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher fördert. Die Feinregelung des Druckes im Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher wird dann durch Steuerung des Magnetventils 4 des ersten Pumpenelementes vorgenommen. Die Förderung kann dabei synchron zur Förderung des ersten Pumpenelements erfolgen, vorteilhaft jedoch wird diese Konstantmengenförderung zu Zeiten vorgenommen, zu denen keine Einspritzung erfolgt. Der Figur 5 ist zu entnehmen, daß diese Hochdruckförderung FK zwischen den Förderanteilen F des ersten Pumpenelements liegt und somit auch zwischen den einzelnen Einspritzungen durch die Kraftstoffeinspritzventile. Dem Druckverlauf entnimmt man, daß mit Einsetzen der Förderung FK das Druckniveau von einem ersten Niveau D1 auf ein zweites Niveau D2 angehoben wird. Über die Einspritzung bleibt dieses Niveau aufgrund der Förderung des ersten Pumpenelements erhalten. Dabei ist der in Figur 5 wiedergegebene Kurvenverlauf mit Druckabnahme bei Mengenentnahme während der Einspritzung in Figur 4 vernachlässigt worden.But now should a higher injection pressure in the high-pressure fuel reservoir be set based on certain operating conditions the internal combustion engine, so the second Pump element put into operation in the direction of conveyance. For this The solenoid valve 4 of the second pump element then falls 17 completely closed, so that the pump piston 20 of this pump element the same high-pressure quantity with each delivery stroke promotes in the high-pressure fuel reservoir. The fine control the pressure in the high-pressure fuel reservoir is then by Control of the solenoid valve 4 of the first pump element performed. The funding can be synchronized with the funding of the first pump element, but is advantageous this constant quantity promotion made at times when no injection takes place. FIG. 5 shows that this high-pressure funding FK between the funding shares F of the first pump element and thus also between the individual injections through the fuel injection valves. The pressure curve shows that with insertion promoting FK the pressure level from a first level D1 is raised to a second level D2. About the Injection remains at this level due to the promotion of the get first pump element. The one in FIG. 5 reproduced curve with pressure decrease at Quantity withdrawal during the injection in FIG. 4 been neglected.

    Eine Abwandlung der Steuerung des zweiten Pumpenelements nach Ausführungsbeispiel Figur 2 kann bei dem zweiten Pumpenelement 17' nach Figur 3 das Steuerventil als Steuerventil 4', hier wieder als Magnetventil ausgeführt, statt in einer separaten Entlastungsleitung nun auch im Zulauf von der Vorförderpumpe 24 zum Pumpenarbeitsraum 23 bzw. zur Füllbohrung 25 angeordnet sein. Die zuvor vorgesehenen Entlastungsleitung kann entfallen. Zur zusätzlichen Hochdruckförderung durch das zweite Pumpenelement 17' wird nun das Steuerventil 4' göffnet, damit eine vollständige Füllung des Pumpenarbeitsraumes 23 möglich wird. Zur Außerbetriebnahme des zweiten Pumpenelements wird das Steuerventil 4' geschlossen. Auch hier dient ein konstanter Hub des Pumpenelements 17' der Hochdruckförderung beim seinem Zuschalten. Ersatzweise oder auch zusätzlich für das Aufsteuern der Verbindung der Bohrung 28 mit der Füllbohrung 25 über die Steuernut 29 kann auch eine über jeweils ein Rückschlagventil 30 herstellbare Verbindung zum Pumpenarbeitsraum 23 in der Saugphase vorgesehen werden. In diesem Fall wird eine Bohrung 28, wie sie bei Figur 2 für eine Bereitstellung eines definierten Förderendehubes vorgesehen war, überflüssig.A modification of the control of the second pump element according to embodiment Figure 2 can with the second pump element 17 'of Figure 3, the control valve as a control valve 4 ', here again as a solenoid valve instead of in a separate discharge line now also in the inlet of the pre-feed pump 24 to the pump work chamber 23 or Filling bore 25 may be arranged. The previously provided relief line can be omitted. For additional high-pressure delivery through the second pump element 17 ' Control valve 4 'opens so that a complete filling of the Pump work room 23 is possible. For decommissioning of the second pump element, the control valve 4 'is closed. A constant stroke of the pump element also serves here 17 'of the high pressure delivery when it is switched on. Alternatively, or additionally for opening the connection the bore 28 with the filling bore 25 via the control groove 29 can also have a check valve 30 producible connection to the pump work room 23 in the Suction phase are provided. In this case there will be a hole 28, as in Figure 2 for the provision of a defined funding stroke was provided, superfluous.

    Durch diese Ausgestaltung ist es möglich, eine schnelle Anhebung des Druckniveaus im Hochdruckspeicher zu erzielen, was insbesondere für bestimmte Betriebsfälle, wie Beschleunigungen oder erhöhte Kraftstoffeinspritzungen während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine erforderlich ist. Dies geschieht in sehr einfacher Weise mit einem Minimum an elektrischem Steueraufwand und Einsatz von exakt und schnell schaltenden Ventilen. Das Magnetventil 4 des zweiten Elements kann im Gegensatz zu dem Magnetventil 4 des ersten Pumpenelements sehr einfach aufgebaut werden, da es keine Zeitsteuerfunktionen durchführen muß. Entsprechend kostengünstiger ist diese Lösung. Durch die Zwischenförderung FK kann sehr schnell auf Änderungswünsche bezüglich des Druckniveaus im Hochdruckspeicher reagiert werden, so daß die Regelung exakt und schnell erfolgt. statt der oben angegebenen Zahl von Pumpenelementen können natürlich auch mehrere Pumpenelemente fördermengengeregelt betrieben werden und mehrere Pumpenelemente für eine konstante Fördermenge vorgesehen werden.With this configuration, it is possible to raise it quickly to achieve the pressure level in the high-pressure accumulator, what especially for certain operating cases, such as accelerations or increased fuel injections during the Operation of the internal combustion engine is required. this happens in a very simple way with a minimum of electrical Tax expense and use of exact and fast switching valves. The solenoid valve 4 of the second element in contrast to the solenoid valve 4 of the first Pump element can be constructed very easily since there is none Must perform timing functions. Correspondingly cheaper is this solution. Through the intermediate funding FK can respond very quickly to change requests regarding the pressure level be reacted in the high pressure accumulator, so that the regulation done exactly and quickly. instead of the above The number of pump elements can of course also be several pump elements volume controlled and several Pump elements are provided for a constant flow rate become.

    Claims (7)

    1. Fuel injection system having a high-pressure pump (1), which delivers fuel from a storage container (2) into a high-pressure fuel reservoir (6), from which the fuel is fed via fuel lines (8) to individual fuel injection valves (9), by means of which the fuel is metered under control by an electric control device (14) and injected into the internal combustion engine under time control, the high-pressure pump (1) having a plurality of pump elements (16, 17) with pump pistons (20) which are driven by drive cams (22) moved synchronously with the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, and each bound a pump working chamber (23) in a pump cylinder (19) which, during the suction stroke of the pump pistons, is supplied with fuel and from which, during the delivery stroke of the pump pistons (20), fuel is delivered into the high-pressure fuel reservoir (6) by a control valve (4) in each case, in particular an electrically controlled valve, at a controlled rate, and at least a first (16) of the pump elements being controlled by the drive cam (22) and the control valve (4) in such a way that the high-pressure delivery is carried out in synchronism with the fuel injection by the fuel injection valves (9), characterized in that a second (17, 17') of the pump elements is controlled by the drive cam (22) and a control valve (4, 4') in such a way that it is connected or disconnected at a constant high-pressure delivery rate and as a function of operating parameters, in particular as a function of the pressure in the high-pressure fuel reservoir (6).
    2. Fuel injection system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the second (17, 17') of the pump elements delivers in a time period between the fuel injection operations of the individual fuel injection valves (9).
    3. Fuel injection system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each of the pump working chambers (23) of the first pump elements (16) is completely filled with fuel during the suction stroke of the pump pistons (20), and the delivery rate of the pump pistons (20) is determined by the period during which the control valves (4) located in a relief line (27) of each of the pump working chambers (20) is closed.
    4. Fuel injection system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the case of the second pump element (17, 17') of the aforesaid pump elements that is operated at a constant high-pressure delivery rate, the high-pressure delivery is connected or disconnected via the control valve (4, 4').
    5. Fuel injection system according to Claim 4, characterized in that the control valve (4') controls a filling bore (25) belonging to the pump working chamber (23) of the second pump element (17').
    6. Fuel injection system according to Claim 4, characterized in that the control valve (4) controls a relief line (27) belonging to the pump working chamber (23) of the second pump element (17').
    7. Fuel injection system according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the drive cam (22) is a multiple cam, in particular a triple cam.
    EP97932714A 1996-11-12 1997-06-30 Fuel injector Expired - Lifetime EP0873473B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19646581A DE19646581A1 (en) 1996-11-12 1996-11-12 Fuel injection system
    DE19646581 1996-11-12
    PCT/DE1997/001370 WO1998021470A1 (en) 1996-11-12 1997-06-30 Fuel injector

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0873473A1 EP0873473A1 (en) 1998-10-28
    EP0873473B1 true EP0873473B1 (en) 2002-03-20

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    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP97932714A Expired - Lifetime EP0873473B1 (en) 1996-11-12 1997-06-30 Fuel injector

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    EP (1) EP0873473B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP3889057B2 (en)
    KR (1) KR100482907B1 (en)
    CN (1) CN1076789C (en)
    DE (2) DE19646581A1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2174267T3 (en)
    RU (1) RU2177077C2 (en)
    WO (1) WO1998021470A1 (en)

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    RU2177077C2 (en) 2001-12-20
    KR100482907B1 (en) 2005-07-21
    JP2000505177A (en) 2000-04-25
    DE59706681D1 (en) 2002-04-25
    DE19646581A1 (en) 1998-05-14
    JP3889057B2 (en) 2007-03-07
    WO1998021470A1 (en) 1998-05-22
    CN1207160A (en) 1999-02-03
    EP0873473A1 (en) 1998-10-28
    ES2174267T3 (en) 2002-11-01
    KR19990076969A (en) 1999-10-25
    CN1076789C (en) 2001-12-26
    US6095118A (en) 2000-08-01

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