EP0867659A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion d'un combustible gazeux - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion d'un combustible gazeux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0867659A1
EP0867659A1 EP98810248A EP98810248A EP0867659A1 EP 0867659 A1 EP0867659 A1 EP 0867659A1 EP 98810248 A EP98810248 A EP 98810248A EP 98810248 A EP98810248 A EP 98810248A EP 0867659 A1 EP0867659 A1 EP 0867659A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
baffle plate
flame tube
air
fuel
gas burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98810248A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jörg Füllemann
Heinrich Boner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vth Verfahrentechnik fur Heizung AG
Original Assignee
Vth Verfahrentechnik fur Heizung AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vth Verfahrentechnik fur Heizung AG filed Critical Vth Verfahrentechnik fur Heizung AG
Publication of EP0867659A1 publication Critical patent/EP0867659A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F23D14/36—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air in which the compressor and burner form a single unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
    • F23C2202/10—Premixing fluegas with fuel and combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/03006—Reverse flow combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/09002—Specific devices inducing or forcing flue gas recirculation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2207/00—Ignition devices associated with burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23D2209/20—Flame lift-off / stability

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for Combustion of gaseous fuel, in which air in Direction to a flame tube is promoted, fuel is added to the air and exhaust gas due to the suction effect of the the inflowing fluid tube is returned.
  • EPA 0 655 580 describes a gas burner which has a baffle plate provided with radial slots on the flame tube side is connected to a tube which has slot-shaped openings. That the Breakthrough tube is coaxial in one another, outer tube arranged. The two pipes are connected by a conical section. The whole is of a jacket called a mixing tube surround, which has a flange at the end, so that between the flange and the openings Pipe an annular gap is formed. On the flame side an outer recirculation pipe is located in the mixing pipe and an inner flame tube.
  • An axially arranged gas nozzle leads gas downstream the baffle plate radially into a core flame zone.
  • Several Gas nozzles run between the outer tube and the mixing tube Gas to the air. If air and gas from the above ring-shaped gap flow, there is a vacuum that for the recirculation of exhaust gases into the inner flame tube worries.
  • the burner described has the disadvantage of a very complicated and expensive construction. Particularly disadvantageous is the one required for stable combustion - below Lack of air presumably yellowish burning - core flame, which the values for carbon monoxide and unburned Hydrocarbons increased during the entire service life.
  • the burner should be practically independent of Burn the shape of the combustion chamber calmly and stably. Of the Burner should continue to be easy to maintain and inexpensive Manufacturing.
  • the essential components of the burner should be suitable for the production of an oil burner.
  • this is achieved by a method in which the fuel is first mixed with the air, and then the air / fuel mixture through a central Opening in a baffle plate is promoted in the flame tube.
  • the exhaust gas is advantageously in the flame tube let in that it is the central fuel / air stream encased and in an elongated hollow cylindrical zone swirled with the central stream.
  • the Air / fuel flow encases the exhaust gas flow.
  • the Flame tube is in operation of the burner in a combustion chamber arranged and is therefore surrounded by exhaust gas. On the Exhaust gas is thus everywhere available on the outside of the flame tube Available, and air can be very easily in with the fuel be fed to a central beam.
  • the air flow is advantageous in rotation around the Flame tube axis offset. This creates a stable Swirling the air / fuel flow with the exhaust jacket.
  • the invention also relates to a gas burner Exhaust gas recirculation, with one blower, one Fuel supply, a supply duct for air, one Baffle plate and a flame tube, which is close to the baffle plate Openings for the admission of exhaust gas into a vacuum area has behind the baffle plate
  • the fuel supply is in one such a distance from the baffle plate in the feed channel, that in front of the baffle plate a practically homogeneous Mixing of fuel and air is guaranteed and the baffle plate closes the feed channel except for one central passage.
  • the burner according to the invention thus not only enables combustion according to the above Process, but is essential in manufacturing easier and therefore less expensive since it consists of less and easier to assemble parts. In addition is the maintenance completely unproblematic, since one in particular Sooting the fuel nozzles is not possible.
  • the dosing the fuel supply is advantageously done with a State of the art supply valve for gaseous fuel, which is preferably in the blower is arranged. By placing this valve in the blower becomes an intensive mixing with the strongly swirled Air reached in the fan and on the way to the flame tube
  • the burner according to the invention has exhaust gas values for NOX of 10 to 20 mg / kW and for CO below 16 mg / kW
  • the passage is advantageously concentric in a ring shape arranged around a displacement body.
  • the displacer can be an oil nozzle.
  • the blowing in Air / fuel mixture through the annular opening around the displacement body gives the fluid the ability to itself in the flame tube towards the axis and towards the flame tube wall expand.
  • the arrangement of swirl-generating Surfaces easier with increasing distance from the flow axis.
  • the passage in the baffle plate is also advantageous swirl-generating guide surfaces to provide the desired To cause rotation of the air flow.
  • the flame tube with spacers is advantageous Fasteners attached to the baffle plate.
  • the assembly the flame tube on the baffle plate is very easy.
  • the Opening width is thanks to the integrated spacers given. There are preferably three of them Links, because at least three attachment points needed for a stable connection, a larger one Number but no advantages.
  • This Recirculation openings can be designed such that the exhaust gases sucked in form vortices. These openings can be round holes.
  • the flame tube at its outlet opening is advantageous narrowed.
  • the constriction keeps the exhaust jacket in the flame tube back and thereby favors its swirling with the central air / fuel flow. It also prevents Narrowing a detachment of the flame from the flame tube.
  • a expedient narrowing makes about 1/13 of the Flame tube diameter.
  • the length of the flame tube advantageously corresponds approximately its double diameter. These proportions allow that Form a stable flame.
  • the passage in the baffle plate is advantageous an aperture insert narrowing the baffle plate opening certainly. This allows the passage in the panel insert different dimensions and any swirl generating Guiding surfaces can be designed differently.
  • the baffle plate does not need to be changed to change the passage will.
  • the aperture insert can also be used with a smaller one Material thickness can be made as the baffle plate what for setting up air guiding surfaces is advantageous because this by twisting one piece with the Aperture insert punched slats can be achieved.
  • Changing the aperture insert can also be related with changing the nozzle may be necessary because the baffles Advantageously connect to the nozzle to achieve an optimal To have an effect on the air.
  • the parameters of air flow velocity and Air volume and cross section of the air flow in relation to the Flame tube cross-section have an impact on the functioning of the Brenners. Through the cross-sectional area of the passage and the Blower output, these parameters are adjustable.
  • the passage expediently has a cross-sectional area from 4 to 13%, preferably 8 ⁇ 2% of the cross-sectional area of the Flame tube on.
  • the ignition point of the electrodes on one is advantageous Point about 2/5 the length of the flame tube distance from the Baffle plate, because the mixture is already good there ignitable and the electrodes disrupt the root area of the Don't flame yet.
  • FIG. 1 shows a burner head 11 with orifice Baffle plate 13, which in a wall 14 of a combustion chamber 12th is mountable.
  • a flame tube 15 with a ratio of diameter to Length of about 1 to 2 arranged.
  • a displacement body 19 e.g. a rod, a lance or nozzle.
  • the fasteners for form the displacement body 19 and the baffle plate 13 together e.g. an aperture unit, as for example in EPA 0 650 014.
  • the displacement body 19th sits centrally in an aperture insert 25. Its downstream Directed end 23 lies in the plane of the baffle plate 13 or the panel insert 25.
  • the panel insert 25 is open the baffle plate 13 attached and covers one annular passage 29 around the displacer 19 the opening 27 in the baffle plate 13.
  • the ring-shaped Passage 29 takes up an area of approximately 8% of the Cross-sectional area of the flame tube 15.
  • the passage 29 is also swirling Guide surfaces 31 equipped. These guide surfaces 31 are radial aligned and are opposite the flame tube axis 17 and Flow direction 14 inclined so that through the passage 29th flowing fluid is set in rotation about the axis 17.
  • the slats or guide surfaces 31 are made in one piece with the Aperture insert 25 made ( Figures 3 and 4). At her They are manufactured and aligned except for approximately one double material thickness corresponding connection 32 from the Aperture insert plate 34 cut out or punched and then by 60 to 88 degrees compared to the aperture insert plane twisted. Thereby the most by the twisting the lengths of the joints to be deformed deforming sheet edges through round cutouts 36 enlarged to prevent cracking.
  • the flame tube 15 is included Fasteners 33 attached to the baffle plate 13.
  • the Links 33 are integral with the wall 39 of the Flame tube 15 formed, protrude beyond the baffle plate End of the flame tube 15 and are through slots in the Thrust plate 13 inserted. Upstream of the Baffle plate 13, the connecting links 33 after Twisted together so that a firm connection arises between baffle plate 13 and flame tube 15.
  • the Links 33 have a stepped, themselves tapered silhouette on. Paragraphs 37 in the stairs are on the flame tube side of the baffle plate 13 and thus define the opening width of the recirculation slot 35. Exhaust gas is passed along through this recirculation slot 35 the baffle plate 13 and the aperture insert 25 in the flame tube 15 sucked to prevent sooting of this area. A favorable opening width is around 1 mm.
  • the flame tube 15 has near the baffle plate Recirculation openings 39 through which the exhaust gas through the Vacuum, which is downstream of the baffle plate 13 due to Fluid flow occurs, is sucked in.
  • baffle plate Recirculation openings 39 In the case shown there are 18 circular recirculation openings 39 with each with a diameter of approx. 6 mm.
  • the openings 39 can also in other numbers and / or other form available.
  • the flame tube 15 has an inner diameter of about 80 mm and a length of about 160 mm. At the Combustion chamber 12 facing end of the flame tube 15 is this constricted. The constriction 41 narrows the Flame outlet opening 43 with respect to the flame tube cross section. The edge region 45 of the flame tube 15 is to form the Constriction 41 turned round inwards.
  • the ignition electrodes 47 are near the periphery of the Flame tube 15 with ceramic insulation pieces 49 through the Thrust plate 13 passed through and protrude with their ends 51 into the flame tube 15.
  • the ignition point 53 is in one Distance from the baffle plate 13 of about 2/5 the length of the Flame tube 15.
  • a perforated plate 57 is arranged at a distance from the baffle plate 13.
  • the Perforated plate 57 (see also FIG. 5) has an opening 58, through which the displacement body 19 passes. Therefore the holes are arranged around it, which creates a pressure drop cause a backfire of the flame in the Prevent feed channel 55.
  • Fuel supply and a fan arranged are one on the feed channel Fuel supply and a fan arranged (neither shown).
  • the flame begins in its root area 77 in the first Third of the flame tube 15.
  • the flame root is ring-shaped between exhaust jacket 67 and air / fuel flow 69 embedded.
  • the central stream 69 ends in the center of the Flame and cool it.
  • the thickness of the jacket is 67 decreasing downstream because the exhaust gas is on this System mixed with the air / fuel mixture. Of the Fuel burns quietly and is low in pollutants.
  • the jacket zone 67 becomes through the constriction 41 limited downstream.
  • the exhaust gas in the jacket area 67 hindered when flowing out of the flame tube 15.
  • a Turbulence in the two media is promoted.
  • the escaping flame stably holds the flame tube.
  • the gas burner according to the invention works practically independently of the shape of the furnace. It is particularly suitable for compact firing systems with short firing rooms.
  • the burner according to the invention is not only suitable for the combustion of gas.
  • the burner achieves exhaust gas values for NO x below 60 mg / kW with liquid fuels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
EP98810248A 1997-03-24 1998-03-23 Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion d'un combustible gazeux Withdrawn EP0867659A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH71997 1997-03-24
CH719/97 1997-03-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0867659A1 true EP0867659A1 (fr) 1998-09-30

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ID=4193591

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98810248A Withdrawn EP0867659A1 (fr) 1997-03-24 1998-03-23 Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion d'un combustible gazeux

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4023938A1 (fr) * 2021-01-04 2022-07-06 Vaillant GmbH Agencement de brûleur pour un brûleur à prémélange

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0347834A2 (fr) * 1988-06-21 1989-12-27 Walter Dreizler Tête de brûleur pour brûleur à gaz à soufflage
DE3902601A1 (de) * 1989-01-28 1990-08-09 Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh Gasgeblaesebrenner
DE4327088A1 (de) * 1992-09-01 1994-03-03 Sighard Grohsmann Brenner, insbesondere ein Industriebrenner
EP0635676A1 (fr) * 1993-07-20 1995-01-25 ELCO KLÖCKNER HEIZTECHNIK GmbH Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion des combustibles liquides ou gazeux
EP0650014A1 (fr) 1993-10-22 1995-04-26 Füllemann Patent Ag Ensemble à disque de refoulement
EP0655580A2 (fr) 1993-11-29 1995-05-31 A. Schwarz + Co. Mélangeur pour brûleur à huile ou à gaz
EP0699867A2 (fr) * 1994-09-03 1996-03-06 Johannes Wilhelmus Graat Dispositif de combustion pour combustibles gazeux

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0347834A2 (fr) * 1988-06-21 1989-12-27 Walter Dreizler Tête de brûleur pour brûleur à gaz à soufflage
DE3902601A1 (de) * 1989-01-28 1990-08-09 Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh Gasgeblaesebrenner
DE4327088A1 (de) * 1992-09-01 1994-03-03 Sighard Grohsmann Brenner, insbesondere ein Industriebrenner
EP0635676A1 (fr) * 1993-07-20 1995-01-25 ELCO KLÖCKNER HEIZTECHNIK GmbH Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion des combustibles liquides ou gazeux
EP0650014A1 (fr) 1993-10-22 1995-04-26 Füllemann Patent Ag Ensemble à disque de refoulement
EP0655580A2 (fr) 1993-11-29 1995-05-31 A. Schwarz + Co. Mélangeur pour brûleur à huile ou à gaz
EP0699867A2 (fr) * 1994-09-03 1996-03-06 Johannes Wilhelmus Graat Dispositif de combustion pour combustibles gazeux

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4023938A1 (fr) * 2021-01-04 2022-07-06 Vaillant GmbH Agencement de brûleur pour un brûleur à prémélange

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