EP0867361A2 - Propulseur de bâteau avec une hélice tournant dans une tuyère - Google Patents

Propulseur de bâteau avec une hélice tournant dans une tuyère Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0867361A2
EP0867361A2 EP98830151A EP98830151A EP0867361A2 EP 0867361 A2 EP0867361 A2 EP 0867361A2 EP 98830151 A EP98830151 A EP 98830151A EP 98830151 A EP98830151 A EP 98830151A EP 0867361 A2 EP0867361 A2 EP 0867361A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shell
propulsion apparatus
propellers
electric
nautical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98830151A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0867361A3 (fr
Inventor
Fabio Lenci
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0867361A2 publication Critical patent/EP0867361A2/fr
Publication of EP0867361A3 publication Critical patent/EP0867361A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/22—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing
    • B63H23/24—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/08—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers of more than one propeller
    • B63H5/10—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers of more than one propeller of coaxial type, e.g. of counter-rotative type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/14—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers characterised by being mounted in non-rotating ducts or rings, e.g. adjustable for steering purpose
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
    • B63H2005/1254—Podded azimuthing thrusters, i.e. podded thruster units arranged inboard for rotation about vertical axis
    • B63H2005/1258—Podded azimuthing thrusters, i.e. podded thruster units arranged inboard for rotation about vertical axis with electric power transmission to propellers, i.e. with integrated electric propeller motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H2023/005—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements using a drive acting on the periphery of a rotating propulsive element, e.g. on a dented circumferential ring on a propeller, or a propeller acting as rotor of an electric motor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a nautical propulsor with ducted rotor propeller.
  • this invention relates to a nautical propulsor of the above outlined type powered by a rotary electric motor and also adapted to perform steerage functions.
  • the operation means of said propellers may be comprised of motor apparatuses of various kinds, according to the specific propulsion requirements of the boat on which they are installed.
  • important parameters of the watercraft in view of choosing a proper propulsion apparatus are the tonnage of the watercraft, the paying load and its possible variability, the speed and the possibility to vary the speed in a more or less extended range, the power consumption and the manoeuvring rapidity
  • the kinds of generally utilized propulsion plants can be classified as vapor apparatuses, diesel engines, gas turbines and apparatuses with electric transmission.
  • the electric transmission propulsion apparatuses comprise a prime mover generally consisting of a Diesel engine or a turbine, and an electric motor, driven by said prime mover, that transmits the movement to the propeller shaft.
  • the current technologies allow to indifferently choose a suitable unit among direct current electric motors and alternated current electric motors, even if the direct current motors, however, offer a more extended range of rotation speeds.
  • Said electric transmission apparatuses offer a number of advantages that, in many applications, make them preferable with respect to other kinds of motor apparatuses.
  • Said electric propulsors are specifically comprised of an assembly of modular units, separated from one another, characterized by a restricted number of moving mechanical parts which, therefore, appear to be very simple from a manufacturing view point.
  • said electric propulsors enable an optimum manoeuvring rapidity to be obtained, since the employment of frequency converters, in the case of alternated current motors, or the employment of switching controllers, in the case of direct current motors, confers to this apparatus a good dynamic response from a fixed point condition (still watercraft) up to the maximum propeller speed, thereby assuring rapid inversion times and maximum torque over the whole range of propeller speeds.
  • Still a further advantage is represented by the capability to easily introduce protection means against the possibility that the prime movers be operated in undesired conditions, such as overspeed conditions caused by emersion of the propeller in rough sea situations.
  • said electric propulsors are additionally characterized by a noticeable flexibility in respect of the locations where they are housed, in view of the fact that it is possible to distribute the various units to multiple engine rooms, thereby minimizing the overall dimensions.
  • Said electric propulsors have some drawbacks related to the presence of a transmission shaft line between the electric motor and the propeller.
  • the resulting efficiency of the apparatus is decreased due to the insertion losses connected with said shaft line and, if it is desired to decrease such efficiency loss, it is necessary to adopt constructively complex and expensive approaches, also from a routine maintenance view point.
  • the present invention suggests to adopt a solution such as to enable the advantages of electric transmission propulsion apparatuses to be maintained and to contemporaneously solve all above mentioned problems.
  • a nautical propulsion apparatus consisting of a swinging shell within which one or more propellers are ducted, characterized in that said shell is rigidly connected to a vertical shaft acting as rudderpost and in that said propellers are rotatively coupled to said shell by suitable coupling means and the rotor member of a corresponding electric motor is rigidly connected to each of said propellers, the stator member of said electric motor being rigidly connected to said shell, so that the rotation of said propellers is rigidly coupled to the rotation of the corresponding rotor member, said rotor and stator members being housed within the structure of said shell.
  • the nautical propulsion apparatus can comprise at least two propellers and the propeller hubs are rotatively or rigidly connected with one another.
  • said shell is a shell known to those skilled in the art as Kort shell having an aerosol cross-section with a decreasing diameter from an input leading edge cone, at the bow end, to an output trailing edge cone, at the stern end.
  • said shell can have a cross-section shape such as to optimize the propulsion efficiency according to the specific requirements of the watercraft.
  • said shaft rigidly connected to said shell is orthogonal with respect to the axis of said shell.
  • said shaft rigidly connected to said shell can be rotatively coupled to the boat hull with a swinging range of 0 to 360°.
  • said shaft rigidly connected to said shell can have its portion downwardly depending from the boat hull protected by a first half-fairing integrally connected to said hull and rotatively coupled to said shaft and by a second half-fairing integrally connected to said shell and to said shaft and rotatively coupled to said first half-fairing.
  • said suitable coupling means for connecting said propellers and said shell comprise at least one tubular segment rigidly connected to said propellers, by means of screws which couple the suitably shaped ends of the blades of said propellers to said tubular segment, said tubular segments matching the profile of said shell so as to form the inner wall of said shell, said tubular segments being rotatively coupled to said shell by means of bearings in order to allow said propellers to rotate with respect to said shell, said bearings being retained in their positions within said shell by means of suitable fastening rings rigidly connected to said shell by means of screws.
  • said shell can be provided with a vertical blade integrally connected to the inner wall of the end portion of said shell.
  • said vertical blade in turn, can be provided with a suitably shaped projection in corresponding position to the axis of said shell, the hub of any adjacent propeller being rotatively coupled to said projection.
  • said nautical propulsion apparatus can be provided with position and speed sensors for said rotor members.
  • said sensors can be housed within the structure of said shell and they can be rigidly connected to said shell as well as to a suitable control and power supply electronic circuitry by means of electric cables extending within said shaft rigidly connected to said shell, otherwise said sensors can be rigidly coupled to the hubs of said propellers and they can be connected to a suitable control and power supply electronic circuitry by means of electric cables extending within said shaft rigidly connected to said shell, within said vertical blade and within said projection of said vertical blade.
  • the pole number of said rotor members and the pole number of the related stator members are such as to optimize the speed range and the torque range of said electric motors according to the specific requirements of said watercraft.
  • said stator members are provided with electric windings connected to a suitable control and power supply electronic circuitry by means of electric cables extending within said shaft rigidly connected to said shell.
  • said rotor members can be provided with electric windings coupled to a suitable control and power supply electronic circuitry by means of electric connection elements, consisting of cables and/or wipers, extending within said shaft rigidly coupled to said shell, within said vertical blade, within said projection of said vertical blade and then within the hubs and the blades of said propellers.
  • electric connection elements consisting of cables and/or wipers
  • said electric motors are "brushless" motors, wherein the rotor member includes permanent magnets and the stator member includes electric windings.
  • tubular segments which form suitable coupling means between said shell and said propellers, can have permanent magnets divided into groups aligned along rows parallel to the axis of said tubular segments integrally connected thereto within the structure of said shell, the apparatus further comprising, within the structure of said shell, electric windings rigidly coupled to said shell and divided into groups aligned along rows similar to the rows of said permanent magnets and arranged in said rows at the same pitch as said permanent magnets, said permanent magnets and said electric windings constituting the rotor and stator members, respectively, of said "brushless" electric motors, each of said rows of permanent magnets and of electric windings constituting a rotor or stator pole, respectively, said electric windings being coupled to a suitable control and power supply electronic circuitry in order to generate rotating electromagnetic fields adapted to rotate the related rotor member by entraining the associated permanent magnets under action of said rotating electromagnetic fields.
  • said sensors are adapted to apply to said control and power supply electronic circuitry all signals needed to synchronize the activation of said stator electric windings to the instantaneous position and speed of said rotor permanent magnets.
  • said rotor and associated stator members are accessible from the external surface of said shell, by removal of suitable sectors of said surface.
  • the internal room of said shell where said rotor and associated stator members are housed is tightly sealed.
  • said rotary electric motors can also be operated as power generators as to supply power to the batteries in watercraft braking situations (regenerative braking action) as well as when the watercraft is propelled by other propulsion means.
  • said shell is adapted to be retracted within the hull of the watercraft.
  • the propulsion apparatus can be provided with two coaxial propellers, each having a rotor member of an electric rotary motor rigidly connected thereto and an associated corresponding stator member, in order that the propulsion thrust is furnished by said two propellers rotating in opposite rotation directions, being driven by said two rotary electric motors rotating in opposite rotation directions.
  • an embodiment of the nautical propulsor according to this invention comprises a cylindrical shell 1 within which a ducted propeller 2 is arranged.
  • said shell 1 is of the kind well known to those skilled in the art as Kort shell, having an aerosol wing shaped cross-section with a decreasing diameter from an input leading edge cone 3, at the bow end, to an output trailing edge cone 4, at the stern end. It should be understood, however, that the cross-section shape of this shell 1 can be of a different kind, in order to optimize the propulsion efficiency according to the specific application requirements, without departing from the scope of this invention.
  • Said shell 1 is integrally connected to a vertical shaft 5, orthogonal to the axis of said shell and rotatively coupled to the watercraft hull 6, in order to operate as a rudderpost.
  • the external portion of said shaft 5 downwardly depending from the boat hull 6 is protected by a first half-fairing 7 integrally connected to said hull 6 and rotatively coupled to said shaft 5, and by a second half-fairing 8, integrally connected both to said shell 1 and to said shaft 5 and rotatively coupled to said first half-fairing.
  • Said propeller 2 is rigidly connected to a cylindrical tube segment 9 by means of screws 10 which couple the ends 1 1 of the blades of said propeller 2 to said tube segment 9.
  • Said cylindrical tube segment 9 forms a portion of the inner wall of said shell 1, said tube segment being rotatively coupled to said shell by means of bearings 12, in order to allow said propeller 2 to rotate with respect to said shell 1.
  • said tube segment 9 can have a different shape other than the cylindrical one, provided that it is circularly symmetric, according to the profile shape of the particular shell 1 used in the propulsor.
  • Said bearings 12 are retained in their positions within said shell 1 by means of suitable fastening rings 13, rigidly connected to said shell 1 by means of screws 14.
  • Said blade 5 can be provided with a suitably shaped projection 16 in corresponding position to the axis of said shell 1, the hub 17 of said propeller 2 being rotatively coupled to said projection.
  • Said cylindrical tube segments 9 can be provided, within the structure of said shell 1, with permanent magnets 18 rigidly connected thereto, and said magnets can be divided into groups aligned along rows parallel to the axis of said tube segment 9, said rows being preferably arranged at equal distances from one another along the circumference of said tube segment 9.
  • the apparatus further comprises, within the structure of said shell 1, electric windings 19, rigidly coupled to said shell 1 and divided into groups aligned along rows similar to the rows of said permanent magnets 18 and arranged, within said rows at the same pitch and in corresponding positions with respect to said permanent magnets 18.
  • Said permanent magnets 18 and said electric windings 19, constitute the rotor and the stator members, respectively, of an electric motor of the kind well known to those skilled in the art under designation of "brushless" motor.
  • Each one of said rows of permanent magnets 18 and of electric windings 19 constitutes a pole, namely a motor and a stator pole, respectively, and their number can vary and can also be different in respect of the rotor and stator members, according to the requirements of the application in respect of the speed range and of the torque range to be achieved.
  • Said electric windings 19 are connected to a control and power supply circuitry, not shown, substantially including power switch transistors, by means of electric conductors arranged within said shaft 5.
  • Said control and power supply circuitry drives said stator electric windings 19 in such a way as to generate a rotating electromagnetic field that is linked with said rotor permanent magnets 18 and entrains them into rotary motion.
  • Suitable sensors supply said control and power supply circuitry with all signals needed to synchronize the activation of said stator electric windings 19 with the instantaneous positions and speeds of said rotor permanent magnets 18.
  • said sensors either can be housed within the structure of said shell 1 and rigidly connected to said shell 1, or can be arranged on the hub 17 of said propeller and connected to the remainder portion of said circuit by means of electric cables extending within said shaft 5, said blade 15 and said projection 16.
  • This path could be also extended within the blades of said propeller 2 up to said tube segment 9, should a different kind of rotary electric motor be utilized, also provided with electric windings arranged on the rotor member, to furnish power supply to said rotor windings by means of electric connections consisting of cables and/or wipers.
  • stator electric windings 19 and said rotor permanent magnets 18 are accessible from the external surface of said shell 1, by removal of suitable sectors 20 of said surface.
  • the inner room of said shell 1, where said electric windings 19 and said permanent magnets 18 are housed, is tightly sealed in order to prevent any water seepage.
  • Said shaft 5 integrally connected to said shell 1 is rotatable with respect to said hull 6 in a range of 0 to 360°, thereby enabling the thrust generated by said propeller to be oriented in any direction.
  • the electric motor it is also possible to arrange for the electric motor to be operated as a power generator in order to supply electric power to the batteries, in boat braking situations (regenerative braking action) as well as when the propulsion apparatus according to this invention is utilized as auxiliary motor in sail watercrafts and the watercraft is propelled by wind.
  • said shell 1 it is also possible to arrange for said shell 1 to be adapted to be retracted within the hull of the boat for execution of any maintenance operations.
  • the propulsion apparatus is provided with two coaxial propellers 2' and 2" arranged as ducted propellers within the same Kort shell 1, each of which is rigidly coupled to permanent magnets 18' and 18", that constitute the rotor members of two "brushless” motors, having corresponding associated electric windings 19' and 19", rigidly connected to said shell 1 and constituting said two "brushless” motors.
  • This embodiment of the subject nautical propulsor is based upon the same operation principle as the embodiment of Figure 1, but it has the specific characteristic that the propulsion thrust is furnished by two propellers 2' and 2" that rotate in opposite directions, namely they are driven by said two "brushless” motors with opposite rotation directions.
  • the electric motor provided in the propulsion apparatus according to this invention preferably of the "brushless” type, is immersed into water and, therefore, during its operation, it is struck by the fluid flow and, therefore, it has the advantage that any heat generated in the windings is dissipated with high efficiency.
  • An electric motor of the "brushless" type is advantageously utilized in the propulsion apparatus according to this invention in view of the fact that it is extremely simple and sturdy, thereby reducing the maintenance requirements. Furthermore, the low inertia of the rotor member improves the response times in acceleration and deceleration phases and, therefore, it allows to achieve an optimum manoeuvring rapidity in a large range of propeller speed values, as well as rapid inversion times and maximum torque figures over the whole speed range of the boat.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP98830151A 1997-03-19 1998-03-18 Propulseur de bâteau avec une hélice tournant dans une tuyère Withdrawn EP0867361A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT97RM000154 IT1291858B1 (it) 1997-03-19 1997-03-19 Propulsore nautico ad elica rotorica intubata
ITRM970154 1997-03-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0867361A2 true EP0867361A2 (fr) 1998-09-30
EP0867361A3 EP0867361A3 (fr) 2000-04-12

Family

ID=11404875

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98830151A Withdrawn EP0867361A3 (fr) 1997-03-19 1998-03-18 Propulseur de bâteau avec une hélice tournant dans une tuyère

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0867361A3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1291858B1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004113717A1 (fr) * 2003-06-25 2004-12-29 Sinvent As Turbine hydraulique et pompe a liquide
EP1759987A2 (fr) 2005-08-30 2007-03-07 Torqeedo GmbH Propulseur électrique pour bateaux
EP1759986A1 (fr) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-07 Torqeedo GmbH Propulseur électrique pour bateaux
FR2907979A1 (fr) * 2006-10-25 2008-05-02 Beneteau Systeme d'alimentation pour bateau
US7614925B2 (en) 2005-08-30 2009-11-10 Torqeedo Gmbh Transportable outboard motor
CN109292063A (zh) * 2018-11-23 2019-02-01 上海晟钧节能科技有限公司 一种用于深海区潜水器的动力装置
CN109334930A (zh) * 2018-11-15 2019-02-15 济南大学 无轴推进器
CN112874744A (zh) * 2021-01-19 2021-06-01 武汉波依迈科技有限公司 一种转轴结构及采用该转轴的轮缘推进器

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DE1781332A1 (de) * 1968-09-28 1970-12-03 Carl Liebau Antriebseinrichtung fuer Schiffe
FR2336297A1 (fr) * 1975-12-22 1977-07-22 Acec Helice pour propulsion marine
DE3718954A1 (de) * 1987-06-05 1988-12-22 Uwe Gartmann Propeller-anordnung, insbesondere fuer schiffsantriebe
FR2652559B1 (fr) * 1989-09-29 1995-04-28 Guy Fontanille Propulseur retractable ou escamotable utilisant un dispositif trapezouidal a rotation deformante engendrant un mouvement rectiligne a l'interieur d'un puits.
DE3935754A1 (de) * 1989-10-27 1991-05-02 Telefunken Systemtechnik Vortriebsvorrichtung fuer wasserfahrzeuge, schwimmende bauwerke u. dgl.
US5185545A (en) * 1990-08-23 1993-02-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Dual propeller shock resistant submersible propulsor unit
US5220231A (en) * 1990-08-23 1993-06-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Integral motor propulsor unit for water vehicles
US5108323A (en) * 1990-09-20 1992-04-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Deployment system for secondary propulsor unit
US5205653A (en) * 1991-05-01 1993-04-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Bearing assembly and submersible propulsor unit incorporating the same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004113717A1 (fr) * 2003-06-25 2004-12-29 Sinvent As Turbine hydraulique et pompe a liquide
CN1809695B (zh) * 2003-06-25 2011-06-08 辛文特公司 一种用于管型涡轮机的装置以及包含该装置的泵
EP1759987A2 (fr) 2005-08-30 2007-03-07 Torqeedo GmbH Propulseur électrique pour bateaux
EP1759986A1 (fr) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-07 Torqeedo GmbH Propulseur électrique pour bateaux
EP1759987A3 (fr) * 2005-08-30 2008-10-08 Torqeedo GmbH Propulseur électrique pour bateaux
US7614925B2 (en) 2005-08-30 2009-11-10 Torqeedo Gmbh Transportable outboard motor
FR2907979A1 (fr) * 2006-10-25 2008-05-02 Beneteau Systeme d'alimentation pour bateau
CN109334930A (zh) * 2018-11-15 2019-02-15 济南大学 无轴推进器
CN109292063A (zh) * 2018-11-23 2019-02-01 上海晟钧节能科技有限公司 一种用于深海区潜水器的动力装置
CN109292063B (zh) * 2018-11-23 2023-11-03 上海晟钧节能科技有限公司 一种用于深海区潜水器的动力装置
CN112874744A (zh) * 2021-01-19 2021-06-01 武汉波依迈科技有限公司 一种转轴结构及采用该转轴的轮缘推进器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0867361A3 (fr) 2000-04-12
IT1291858B1 (it) 1999-01-21
ITRM970154A1 (it) 1998-09-19

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