EP0864121B1 - Procede pour fraiser des pieces tridimensionnelles - Google Patents

Procede pour fraiser des pieces tridimensionnelles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0864121B1
EP0864121B1 EP96937315A EP96937315A EP0864121B1 EP 0864121 B1 EP0864121 B1 EP 0864121B1 EP 96937315 A EP96937315 A EP 96937315A EP 96937315 A EP96937315 A EP 96937315A EP 0864121 B1 EP0864121 B1 EP 0864121B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
milling
blanks
machined
workpiece
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96937315A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0864121A1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Pauser
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
    • G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for milling three-dimensional workpieces, one of which is preferred Geometry description available in the form of 3D CAD data of the workpiece numerically in 2D or 3D data of several Disassembled layers of the same or different thickness and based on these NC milling programs to be processed in shifts is implemented.
  • the invention is based on the object a process for milling three-dimensional workpieces to develop the type specified at the beginning, in which no positioning tolerances occur during the joining process and always with the same clamping of the milling tools and of the workpiece is being worked. It is also said to be a good one Chip removal can be guaranteed.
  • the inventive method is particularly suitable for Production of workpieces with a preferred direction, for example for the production of casting molds or eroding electrodes, in the contours of which the demoulding direction is Preferred direction is reflected.
  • the invention Layering technology enables standardized tool selection, because relatively thin, similar layers are always processed Need to become.
  • the milling data can for a given material be optimized. In particular, given Layer thickness and the same material always the same Milling parameters such as feed speed and line spacing (Offset step).
  • Offset step feed speed and line spacing
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the plate-shaped blanks are removed from a plate stack or pulled from a supply roll and cut to length.
  • the unprocessed blanks are then with your upward-facing broadside surface against the downward pointing broadside of the previously machined blank glued, welded or soldered flat.
  • the unprocessed blanks only need adhesive at the contact points with the previously machined blanks to be partially coated with adhesive.
  • the implementation of the geometry data in the NC programs for the individual layers takes place according to a given Milling strategy.
  • the line spacing is particularly important for Specify milling process, the accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece. In the interest of a smooth It is transition at the separation point between two layers an advantage if the first lines are not fully milled and only when editing the next shift together be milled off with the adhesive. In this case thus the connection area between two blanks overlapping processed.
  • the line spacing can be used for Inclined contours can also be selected variably to a defined one To get roughness.
  • the NC program determines in In this case, further intermediate steps that are necessary ensure that the line spacing at variable angles of attack is adjusted.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for Production of molds made of metal, ceramic or plastic, for the production of EDM electrodes made of graphite and for the production of models or prototypes from metal, Ceramics, plastics or wooden materials.
  • the procedure described below with reference to the drawing is more complicated three-dimensional for milling Workpieces, for example of casting molds or eroding electrodes, certainly.
  • the geometry of the workpiece 1 is first with the help of suitable computer software in the form captured from 3D CAD data. These are mostly geometries, those because of their complexity and their deep cuts Contours for milling from solid are not suitable.
  • the production takes place after the Layer method in which the workpiece 1 is successively made of plate-shaped Material layers 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 with the same (Fig. 1a) or variable (Fig. 1b) layer thickness composed becomes.
  • the layer thickness is chosen so that in each shift in the areas to be processed one for one Milling process sufficient material thickness remains.
  • the 3D CAD data record of the workpiece geometry via a software routine in 2D or 3D data of the individual layers 10 disassembled to 20.
  • the milling strategy especially milling cutter selection for pre and fine milling, feed rate and line spacing
  • the layer-related contour data obtained is to be processed in layers NC milling programs can be created.
  • the milling programs are put into practice on the workpiece in a CNC milling machine 34, which in addition to at least one can be equipped with milling tools 36, 38, 40 milling head 35 blank magazine equipped with plate-shaped blanks 42 44, an adhesive application device 46 and a displacement element 48 and a pressing device 50 having handling device for the blanks 42.
  • the first one is first Blank 42 on its upward-facing broad side surface 52 coated with adhesive using the applicator 46 and with the displacement member 48 and the pressing member 50 arranged on a tool holder, not shown Base plate 54 glued flat as layer 10.
  • the NC milling program assigned to layer 10 processed and the contours shown in Fig. 4a 56,58 introduced from the broad side 60 of the layer 10.
  • Another blank 42 is removed from the magazine 44 and with its adhesive-coated broad side surface 52 with the free broad side surface 60 of the layer 10 connected (Fig. 4b).
  • This blank is made according to the layer 12 assigned NC program with formation of the contours 56,58 processed from the free broad side surface 60. This process is then repeated one after the other for the Layers 14, 16, 18 and 20 (Fig. 4c to f) until completion of the workpiece 1.
  • FIGS. 3a and b for the processing stage 4d processing of layer 16
  • the contour machining overhead with the bottom up pointing end mills 36, 38 the milling tool 36 for Pre-processing and milling tool 38 for fine machining is used.
  • the remaining pieces from the milling process 62 and chips 64 fall down due to gravity.
  • the chip removal is supported by an over the Milling head sprayed up towards workpiece 1 and Cooling lubricant deflected downwards on the workpiece.
  • the contour machining is carried out gradually progressing from bottom to top Milling tracks, for example in steps of each 0.5 mm, the last milling tracks connecting plane 32 engages overlapping in the previously processed layer 14 and ensures that there is a smooth, adhesive-free transition between the layers 14, 16 results.
  • the free broadside surface before or after each contour machining 60 with a face mill 40 to a prescribed Distance measure brought.
  • the ones on the outer edge Support zones 30 ensure that the next blank 42 is exact aligned in the connection plane 32 and with the previously machined blank can be connected.
  • the support zones 30 Superstructures removed from the base plate 54 and the workpiece, if necessary after previous finishing and Temperature treatment fed to its intended use.
  • the invention refers to a process for three-dimensional milling Workpieces, in particular for the production of Molds and EDM electrodes.
  • the procedure uses a preferably in the form of 3D CAD data available geometry description of workpiece 1 numerically in 2D or 3D data several layers 10 to 20 of the same or different Thickness disassembled and starting from these in Implemented NC milling programs in shifts.
  • For the manufacture of the workpiece 1 are plate-shaped blanks 42 with a predetermined, possibly variable wall thickness successively with a base plate 54 or one previously machined blank 42 connected flat and according to specifications the one to be processed for the relevant layer 10 to 20 NC milling program from their downward facing free Broadside 60 from overhead with bottom to top Milling tools 36, 38.40 machined.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de fraisage de pièces tridimensionnelles, dans lequel une représentation géométrique de préférence sous forme de données de CAO 3D de la pièce (1) est décomposée numériquement en données 2D ou 3D de plusieurs couches (10 à 20) d'épaisseur identique ou différente et, à partir de celles-ci, est transformée en programmes de fraisage CN à exécuter par couches, et dans lequel des ébauches en forme de plaque (42) non usinées à épaisseur de paroi fixée et éventuellement variable sont jointes l'une après l'autre à plat par leur grande face dirigée vers le haut (52) à la grande face dirigée vers le bas (60) d'une structure de base ou d'une ébauche (42) usinée précédemment et sont ensuite usinées pas à pas sur plusieurs chemins de fraisage situés les uns au-dessus des autres à des interlignes constants ou variables, depuis leur grande face libre dirigée vers le bas (60), en l'air, avec des outils de fraisage dirigés de bas en haut, suivant le programme de fraisage CN à exécuter pour la couche considérée (10 à 20), la zone de jonction (32) entre deux ébauches (42) formant des couches étant usinée avec chevauchement.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les ébauches en forme de plaque (42) sont enlevées d'une pile de plaques (44) ou tirées d'une bobine alimentaire et coupées à longueur.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que les ébauches (42) non usinées sont collées, soudées ou brasées à plat contre la structure de base ou l'ébauche (42) usinée précédemment.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que les ébauches (42) non usinées sont partiellement revêtues de colle aux endroits où elles sont en contact avec l'ébauche usinée précédemment.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que dans les ébauches (42) sont fraisées, de préférence dans la partie extérieure de la pièce (1) à usiner, des zones d'appui (30) pour les ébauches (42) suivantes, qui sont détachées, lors d'un usinage final, de la pièce (1) terminée.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que les ébauches (42) sont revêtues de colle ou d'un constituant de colle sur leurs grandes faces (52, 60) à joindre deux à deux.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que les ébauches (42) appliquées en dernier sont, avant ou après l'usinage des contours, surfacées avec réalisation d'une épaisseur définie.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que pendant le fraisage, la pièce (1) reçoit un jet de fluide de refroidissement et lubrifiant dirigé vers le haut.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que pour la jonction des ébauches (42) est utilisée une colle conductrice de l'électricité.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que dans les grandes faces libres (60) d'au moins une des couches (10 à 20) sont fraisés des canaux ou des trous traversants.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que les trous traversants sont garnis de broches conductrices de l'électricité.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que la pièce (1) terminée est recuite.
  13. Utilisation du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12 pour la fabrication de moules de coulée en métal, céramique ou plastique.
  14. Utilisation du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12 pour la fabrication d'électrodes d'électro-érosion pour fonçage en graphite.
  15. Utilisation du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12 pour la fabrication de modèles ou de prototypes en métal, céramique, plastique ou bois modifié.
EP96937315A 1995-11-30 1996-10-31 Procede pour fraiser des pieces tridimensionnelles Expired - Lifetime EP0864121B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19544573A DE19544573C1 (de) 1995-11-30 1995-11-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fräsbearbeitung dreidimensionaler Werkstücke
DE19544573 1995-11-30
PCT/EP1996/004740 WO1997020259A1 (fr) 1995-11-30 1996-10-31 Procede et dispositif pour fraiser des pieces tridimensionnelles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0864121A1 EP0864121A1 (fr) 1998-09-16
EP0864121B1 true EP0864121B1 (fr) 2000-02-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96937315A Expired - Lifetime EP0864121B1 (fr) 1995-11-30 1996-10-31 Procede pour fraiser des pieces tridimensionnelles

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0864121B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000501032A (fr)
KR (1) KR19990071603A (fr)
CA (1) CA2238728A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19544573C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997020259A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10014744B4 (de) * 2000-03-24 2006-08-24 Actech Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von metallischen Hohlformen

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SI20048A2 (sl) * 1999-06-04 2000-02-29 Jože Balič Naprava za koračno frezanje
DE10125067A1 (de) 2001-05-23 2002-12-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Tellerrad
DE10242191B4 (de) 2001-09-27 2009-02-05 Actech Gmbh Verfahren für die Herstellung von hitzebeständigen Gießformen
DE10147843B4 (de) * 2002-09-10 2006-09-14 Actech Gmbh Verfahren für die Herstellung von hitzebeständigen Gießformen aus bindemittelhaltigem Formsand
DE10156332B4 (de) * 2001-11-19 2005-09-15 Actech Gmbh Advanced Casting Technologies Giessereitechnologie Verfahren und Baukastensystem für die schnelle Herstellung von Giessformen
DE102005023561A1 (de) * 2005-05-18 2006-11-23 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von Ausnehmungen im Formsand eines Formkastens
CN103639495B (zh) * 2013-11-28 2015-12-30 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 一种齿形橡胶成型模型腔的加工方法
DE102017125835A1 (de) 2017-11-06 2019-05-09 Rehau Ag + Co Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schachtbauteils oder eines Schachtabschnitts oder eines Schachts und mit dem Verfahren hergestelltes Schachtbauteil oder Schachtabschnitt oder Schacht
CN111605031B (zh) * 2020-06-04 2023-04-07 青岛科技大学 一种基于分层制片与多工序控形控性的增材制造方法
IT202100027881A1 (it) * 2021-11-02 2023-05-02 Vecchio Carlo De Pannello accoppiato per la formazione di fondi di lavabi definiti “swept” detto pannello essendo applicabile a qualsivoglia tipologia di sanitari ed a qualsiasi uso, ma altresì ottenuto con un particolare materiale definito hpl stratificato e suo metodo di realizzazione.

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DE3416660A1 (de) * 1984-05-05 1985-11-07 J.G. Weisser Söhne Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG, 7742 St Georgen Drehmaschine
DE4212175A1 (de) * 1992-04-10 1993-10-14 Emag Masch Vertriebs Serv Gmbh Aus Baugruppen zusammengesetztes Bearbeitungszentrum

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DE3715518A1 (de) * 1987-05-09 1988-11-17 Max Striffler Gmbh U Co Maschi Vorrichtung zur schlitzfraesenden oder bohrenden bearbeitung von fensterprofilen
AU4504089A (en) * 1988-10-05 1990-05-01 Michael Feygin An improved apparatus and method for forming an integral object from laminations
IL95077A0 (en) * 1990-07-13 1991-06-10 N C T Limited Method and apparatus for making three-dimensional objects
US5288186A (en) * 1992-09-21 1994-02-22 University Of Kentucky Research Foundation Apparatus and method of high-pressure waterjet assisted cooling/lubrication in machining
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DE4340646A1 (de) * 1993-11-30 1995-06-01 Mec Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines als Prototyp dienenden Werkstückes
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3416660A1 (de) * 1984-05-05 1985-11-07 J.G. Weisser Söhne Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG, 7742 St Georgen Drehmaschine
DE4212175A1 (de) * 1992-04-10 1993-10-14 Emag Masch Vertriebs Serv Gmbh Aus Baugruppen zusammengesetztes Bearbeitungszentrum

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10014744B4 (de) * 2000-03-24 2006-08-24 Actech Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von metallischen Hohlformen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2238728A1 (fr) 1997-06-05
EP0864121A1 (fr) 1998-09-16
JP2000501032A (ja) 2000-02-02
DE19544573C1 (de) 1996-09-12
DE59604439D1 (de) 2000-03-16
WO1997020259A1 (fr) 1997-06-05
KR19990071603A (ko) 1999-09-27

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