Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2068—Ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
  • C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/90—Betaines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/92—Sulfobetaines ; Sulfitobetaines

Definitions

• This invention pertains to liquid detergent compositions for use in cleaning hard surfaces.
• Such compositions typically contain detergent surfactants, solvents. builders, etc.
• liquid detergent compositions comprise certain organic solvents, detergent surfactants, and optional builders and/or abrasives.
• the prior art fails to teach, or recognize, the advantage of specific builders at critical levels disclosed hereinafter, in liquid hard surface cleaner formulations.
• Liquid cleaning compositions have the great advantage that they can be applied to hard surfaces in neat or concentrated form so that a relatively high level of, e.g., surfactant material and/or organic solvent is delivered directly to the soil. Therefore, iiquid cleaning compositions have the potential to provide superior soap scum, grease, and oily soil removal over dilute wash solutions prepared from powdered cleaning compositions.
• detergent builders in liquid hard surface cleaning compositions increases the potential to provide superior cleaning.
• the inclusion of such detergent builders has usually produced unacceptable results for filming/streaking.
• the inclusion of detergent builders has therefore been considered a compromise in favor of cleaning.
• Liquid cleaning compositions and especially compositions prepared for cleaning glass, need exceptionally good filming/streaking properties. In addition, they can suffer problems of product form, in particular, inhomogeneity, lack of clarity, or excessive "solvent" odor for consumer use.
• the present invention relates to an aqueous, liquid, hard surface detergent composition having improved cleaning and good filming/streaking characteristics comprising: (A) detergent surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, amphoteric detergent surfactants including zwitterionic surfactants; and mixtures thereof; (B) hydrophobic solvent; (C) alkaline material; (D) tartaric acid detergent builder; and (E) the balance being an aqueous solvent system comprising water and, optionally, non-aqueous polar solvent with only minimal cleaning action selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycoi, polypropylene glycol, glycol ethers having a hydrogen bonding parameter of greater than 7.7, and mixtures thereof and any minor ingredients.
• the compositions can be formulated at usage concentrations, or as concentrates, and can be packaged in a container having means for creating a spray to make application to hard surfaces more convenient.
• superior aqueous liquid detergent compositions for cleaning shiny surfaces such as glass contain (A) detergent surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, amphoteric detergent surfactants including zwitterionic surfactants; and mixtures thereof; preferably, CO-C I Q "amphocarboxylate" detergent surfactant, zwitterionic detergent surfactant (containing both cationic and anionic groups in substantially equivalent proportions so as to be electrically neutral at the pH of use), or mixtures thereof; (B) hydrophobic, volatile, cleaning solvent; (C) alkaline buffer, preferably monoethanolamine or certain beta-amino-alkanol compounds as defined hereinafter; (D) critical level of tartaric acid detergent builder at a pH of at least about 9.5, preferably at least about 10; and (E) the balance being an a detergent surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, amphoteric detergent surfactants including zwitterionic surfactants; and mixtures thereof; preferably, CO-C
• the aqueous. liquid hard surface detergent compositions herein can contain from about 0.01% to about 2.0%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 1.0% of suitable anionic detergent surfactant of the types described hereinbefore and hereinafter.
• the anionic surfactants are suitably water-soluble alkyl or alkylaryl compounds, the alkyl having from about 6 to about 20 carbons, including a sulfate or sulfonate substituent group.
• the anionic detergent surfactant can be combined with a cosurfactant, preferably an amphoteric cosurfactant.
• Nonionic surfactants e.g., ethoxylated alcohols and/or alkyl phenols, can also be used as cosurfactants.
• the anionic detergent surfactants herein are selected from the group consisting of C 6 -C 20 alkyl sulfates, alkyl ethoxy ether sulfates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, and mixtures thereof.
• the anionic detergent surfactant is C 6 -C 2 o alkyl sulfate, more preferably C 8 -C
• aqueous, liquid hard surface detergent compositions herein can contain, as the primary detergent surfactant, less preferred, or as the cosurfactant, preferably, from about 0.02% to about 15% of suitable zwitterionic detergent surfactant containing a cationic group, preferably a quaternary ammonium group, and an anionic group, preferably carboxyiate, sulfate and/or sulfonate group, more preferably sulfonate.
• suitable zwitterionic detergent surfactant inclusion is from about 0.01% to about 1.0% of surfactant, a most preferred range is from about 0.02% to about 0.2%.
• Zwitterionic detergent surfactants contain both a cationic group and an anionic group and are in substantial electrical neutrality where the number of anionic charges and cationic charges on the detergent surfactant molecule are substantially the same.
• Zwitterionic detergents which typically contain both a quaternary ammonium group and an anionic group selected from sulfonate and carboxylate groups are desirable since they maintain their amphoteric character over most ofthe pH range of interest for cleaning hard surfaces.
• the sulfonate group is the preferred anionic group.
• Preferred zwitterionic detergent surfactants have the generic formula:
• each Y is preferably a carboxylate (COOJ or sulfonate (SO3J group, more preferably sulfonate: wherein each Rl is a hydrocarbon, e.g.. an alkyl. or alkylene. group containing from about 8 to about 20. preferably from about 10 to about 18, more preferably from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms; wherein each (R 2 ) is either hydrogen, or a short chain alkyl. or substituted alkyl.
• each (R- ) is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydroxy groups with no more than one hydroxy group in any (CR ⁇ pl group; wherein (R 4 ) is like R 2 except preferably not hydrogen; wherein m is 0 or 1 ; and wherein each n ⁇ or pl is an integer from 1 to about 4, preferably from 2 to about 3, more preferably about 3.
• the R 1 groups can be branched, unsaturated.
• R 2 groups can also be connected to form ring structures such as imidazoline, pyridine, etc.
• hydrocarbylamidoalkylene sulfobetaines and, to a lesser extent hydrocarbylamidoalkylene betaines are excellent for use in hard surface cleaning detergent compositions, especially those formulated for use on both glass and hard-to- remove soils. They are even better when used with monoethanolamine and/or specific beta-amino alkanol as disclosed herein.
• More preferred detergent surfactants have the generic formula:
• each R D is an alkyl. or alkylene. group containing from about 10 to about 15 carbon atoms: each (R°) is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl. hydroxy substituted ethyl or propyl and mixtures thereof; each (R ⁇ ) is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydroxy groups wherein one of the R? groups between the (+) and the (-) charge centers is a hydroxy group and the remaining R' groups are hydrogen with no more than one hydroxy group in the (C R ⁇ : 3 moiety and n is a number from ' to about 4.
• a more preferred specific detergent surfactant is a C j ⁇ -14 fatty acylamidopropylene(hydroxypropylene)su!fobetaine, e.g., the detergent surfactant available from the Witco Company as a 40% active product under the trade name "REWOTERIC AM CAS Sulfobetaine.”
• the level of zwitterionic detergent surfactant, e.g., HASB. in the composition is typically from about 0.02% to about 15%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 10%.
• the level in the composition is dependent on the eventual level of dilution to make the wash solution.
• the composition when used full strength, or wash solution containing the composition, should contain from about 0.02% to about 1%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 0.5%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 0.25%, of detergent surfactant.
• the level can, and should be, higher, typically from about 0.1 % to about 10%, preferably from about 0.25% to about 2%.
• Concentrated products will typically contain from about 0.2% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.3% to about 5%. It is an advantage of the zwitterionic detergent, e.g., HASB, that compositions containing it can be more readily diluted by consumers since it does not interact with hardness cations as readily as conventional anionic detergent surfactants. Zwitterionic detergents are also extremely effective at very low levels, e.g., below about 1%.
• zwitterionic detergent surfactants are set forth at Col. 4 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,287,080, Siklosi, incorporated herein by reference.
• Another detailed listing of suitable zwitterionic detergent surfactants for the detergent compositions herein can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 4.557,853, Collins, issued Dec. 10, 1985, inco ⁇ orated by reference herein.
• Commercial sources of such surfactants can be found in McCutcheon's EMULSIFIERS AND DETERGENTS. North American Edition. 1984, McCutcheon Division. MC Publishing Company, also incorporated herein by reference.
• ether detergent surfactants e.g., anionic, and, less preferably, nonionic detergent surfactants, that can be used in small amounts in the composition of this invention, either as primary surfactants, as discussed hereinbefore, or as cosurfactants for the preferred amphoteric/zwitterionic detergent surfactant, the cosurfactant level being small in relation to the primary surfactant.
• alkyl- and alkylethoxylate- (polyethoxylate) sulfates Typical of these are the alkyl- and alkylethoxylate- (polyethoxylate) sulfates, paraffin sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, alkoxyiated (especially ethoxylated) alcohols and alkyl phenols, alkyl phenol sulfonates, alpha-sulfonates of fatty acids and of fatty acid esters, and the like, which are well-known from the detergency art.
• detergent surfactants that are amphoteric at a lower pH are desirable anionic detergent cosurfactants.
• detergent surfactants which are C j -C ⁇ acylamido alkylene amino alkylene sulfonates, e.g., compounds having the formula R-C(O)-NH-(C 2 H 4 )-N(C 2 H 4 OH)-CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 SO3M wherein R is an alkyl group containing from about 9 to about 18 carbon atoms and M is a compatible cation are desirable cosurfactants.
• These detergent surfactants are available as Miranol CS, OS, JS, etc.
• the CTFA adopted name for such surfactants is cocoamphohydroxypropyl sulfonate.
• compositions be substantially free of alkyl naphthalene sulfonates.
• detergent surfactants useful herein contain a hydrophobic group, typically containing an alkyl group in the Co-C i g range, and, optionally, one or more linking groups such as ether or amido, preferably amido groups.
• the anionic detergent surfactants can be used in the form of their sodium, potassium or alkanolammonium, e.g., triethanolammonium salts: the nonionics, not preferred, generally contain from about 5 to about 17 ethylene oxide groups.
• C -C j paraffin- sulfonates and alkyl sulfates are especially preferred in the compositions of the present type.
• Suitable surfactants for use herein in small amounts are one or more of the following: sodium linear Cg-C ] g alky! benzene sulfonate (LAS), particularly C i ⁇ C] 2 LAS; the sodium salt of a coconut alkyl ether sulfate containing 3 moles of ethylene oxide: the adduct of a random secondary alcohol having a range of alkyl chain lengths of from 1 1 to 15 carbon atoms and an average of 2 to 10 ethylene oxide moieties, several commercially available examples of which are Tergitol 15-S-3, Tergitol 15-S-5, Tergitol 15-S-7, and Tergitol 15-S-9, all available from Union Carbide Co ⁇ oration; the sodium and potassium salts of coconut fatty acids (coconut soaps); the condensation product of a straight-chain primary alcohol containing from about 8 carbons to about 16 carbon atoms and having an average carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 12 carbon atoms with from about 4 to
• R ⁇ is a straight-chain alkyl group containing from about 7 to about 15 carbon atoms and having an average carbon chain length of from about 9 to about 13 carbon atoms and wherein each R ⁇ is a hydroxy alkyl group containing from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; a zwitterionic surfactant having one of the preferred formulas set forth hereinafter; or a phosphine oxide surfactant.
• fluorocarbon surfactants examples of which are FC-129, a potassium fluorinated alkylcarboxylate and FC-170-C, a mixture of fluorinated alkyl polyoxyethylene ethanols, both available from 3M Co ⁇ oration, as well as the Zonyl fluorosurfactants. available from DuPont Co ⁇ oration. It is understood that mixtures of various surfactants can be used.
• zwitterionic detergent surfactants can be present in the present invention.
• the zwitterionic detergent surfactants can be present at levels from about 0.02% to about 15%.
• the solvents employed in the hard surface cleaning compositions herein can be any of the well-known "degreasing" solvents commonly used in. for example, the dry cleaning industry, in the hard surface cleaner industry and the metalworking industry.
• ⁇ H is the hydrogen bonding parameter
• a is the aggregation number
• T is the absolute temperature in °K.
• Tj is the boiling point in °K, T c is the critical temperature in °K, d is the density in g/ml, and M is the molecular wei ⁇ ht
• hydrogen bonding parameters are preferably less than about 7 7. more preferably from about 2 to about 7 or 7 7, and even more preferably from about 3 to about 6 Solvents with lower numbers become increasingly difficult to solubilize in the compositions and have a greater tendency to cause a haze on glass Higher numbers require more solvent to provide good greasy/oily soil cleaning
• Hydrophobic solvents are typically used at a level of from about 0 5% to about 30%, preferably from about 2% to about 15%, more preferably from about 4% to about 8%
• Dilute compositions typically have solvents at a level of from about 1 % to about 10%, preferably from about 2% to about 6%
• Concentrated compositions contain from about 10% to about 30%, preferably from about 10% to about 20% of solvent
• More hydrophobic solvents such as, hydrocarbons and mono and/or disesquite ⁇ enes should not be present at a level of more than about 0 4%, by weight of the composition, and preferably, the composition is essentially free of said solvents, especially when they have limited volatility
• Many of such solvents compnse hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon moieties of the alkyl or cycloalkyl type, and have a boiling point well above room temperature, l e., above about 20°C
• T e formulator of compositions of the present type will be guided in the selection of co-solvent partly by the need to provide good grease-cutting properties, and partly by aesthetic considerations
• kerosene hydrocarbons function quite well for grease cutting in the present compositions, but can be malodorous Kerosene must be exceptionally clean before it can be used, even in commercial situations.
• the formulator would be more likely to select solvents which have a relatively pleasant odor, or odors which can be reasonably modified by perfuming.
• the C -C9 alkyl aromatic solvents especially the C5-C9 alkyl benzenes, preferably octyl benzene, exhibit excellent grease removal properties and have a low, pleasant odor.
• tbe olefin solvents having a boiling point of a least about 100°C especially alpha-olefins, preferably 1 -decene or 1 -dodecene, are excellent grease removal solvents.
• the compositions are preferably essentially free of these very hydrophobic solvents.
• the giycol ethers useful herein have the formula Rl2 O-
• the most preferred glycol ethers are selected from the group consisting of monopropyleneglycolmonopropyl ether, dipropyleneglycolmonobutyl ether, monopropyleneglycolmonobutyl ether, ethyleneglycolmonohexyl ether, ethyleneglycolmonobutyl ether.
• a particularly preferred type of solvent for these hard surface cleaner compositions comprises diols having from 6 to about 16 carbon atoms in their molecular structure.
• Preferred diol solvents have a solubility in water of from about 0.1 to about 20 g 100 g of water at 20°C.
• Solvents such as pine oil, orange te ⁇ ene, benzyl alcohol, n-hexanol, phthalic acid esters of C ⁇ .4 alcohols, butoxy propanol.
• Butyl Carbitol R and 1 (2-n-butoxy- 1 - methylethoxy)propane-2-ol also called butoxy propoxy propanol or dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether
• Hexyl diglycol Hexyl diglycol
• butyl triglycol diols such as 2.2.4-t ⁇ methylJ .3-pentanediol.
• the butoxy-propanol solvent should have no more than about 20%, preferably no more than about 10%, more preferably no more than about 7%, of the secondary isomer in which the butoxy group is attached to the secondary atom of the propanol for improved odor.
• aqueous liquid hard surface compositions can contain herein from about 0.05% to about 10%, by weight of the composition, of alkaline mate ⁇ al, preferably comprising or consisting essentially of, monoethanolamine and or beta-aminoalkanol compounds.
• Monoethanolamine and/or beta-aminoalkanol compounds serve primarily as solvents when the pH is above about 10.0, and especially above about 10.7. They also provide alkaline buffering capacity during use. However, the most unique contribution they make is to improve the filming streaking properties of hard surface cleaning compositions containing zwitterionic detergent surfactant, amphocarboxylate detergent surfactant, or mixtures thereof, whereas they do not provide any substantial improvement in filming/streaking when used with conventional anionic or ethoxylated nonionic detergent surfactants. The reason for the improvement is not known. It is not simply a pH effect, since the improvement is not seen with conventional alkalinity sources.
• Monoethanolamine and/or beta-alkanolamine are used at a level of from about 0.05% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.2% to about 5%.
• dilute compositions they are typically present at a level of from about 0.05% to about 2%. preferably from about 0.075% to about 1.0%. more preferably from about 0.075% to about 0.7%.
• concentrated compositions they are typically present at a level of from about 0.5% to about 10%. preferably from about 1% to about 5%.
• Preferred beta-aminoalkanols have a primary hydroxy group. Suitable beta- aminoalkanols have the formula:
• each R' 4 j s selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl groups containing from one to four carbon atoms and the total of carbon atoms in the compound is from three to six, preferably four.
• the amine group is preferably not attached to a primary carbon atom. More preferably the amine group is attached to a tertiary carbon atom to minimize the reactivity of the amine group.
• Specific preferred beta-ami noalkano is are 2-amino,l -butanol; 2-amino,2-methylpropanol; and mixtures thereof.
• the most preferred beta-aminoalkanol is 2-amino,2-methylpropanol since it has the lowest molecular weight of any beta-aminoalkanoi which has the amine group attached to a tertiary carbon atom.
• the beta-aminoalkanols preferably have boiling points beiow about 175°C. Preferably, the boiling point is within about 5°C of 165°C.
• Such beta-aminoalkanols are excellent materials for hard surface cleaning in general and, in the present application, have certain desirable characteristics.
• the beta-aminoalkanols are su ⁇ risingly better than, e.g., monoethanolamine for hard surface detergent compositions that contain perfume ingredients like te ⁇ enes and similar materials.
• monoethanolamine normally is preferred for its effect in improving the filming/streaking performance of compositions containing zwitterionic detergent surfactant.
• the improvement in filming/streaking of hard surfaces that is achieved by combining the monoethanolamine and 'or beta- aminoalkanol was totally unexpected.
• Beta- aminoalkanols provide superior cleaning of hard-to-remove greasy soils and superior product stability, especially under high temperature conditions, when used in hard surface cleaning compositions, especially those containing the zwitterionic detergent surfactants.
• Beta-aminoalkanols. and especially the preferred 2-amino-2-methylpropanol are su ⁇ risingly volatile from cleaned surfaces considering their relatively high molecular weights.
• compositions can contain, either alone or in addition to the preferred alkanolamines.
• more conventional alkaline buffers such as ammonia; other C 2. alkanolamines; alkali metal hydroxides; silicates; borates; carbonates; and/or bicarbonates.
• the buffers that are present usually comprise the preferred monoethanolamine and or beta-aminoalkanol and additional conventional alkaline material.
• the total amount of alkalinity source is typically from 0% to about 5%, preferably from 0% to about 0.5%, to give a pH in the product, at least initially, in use of from about 9.5 to about 12, preferably from about 9.7 to about 1 1.5, more preferably from about 9.7 to about 1 1.3. pH is usually measured on the product.
• Detergent builders that are efficient for hard surface cleaners and have reduced filming/streaking characteristics at the critical levels are an essential element of the present invention. Addition of the specific detergent builder tartaric acid at critical levels to the present composition improves cleaning without the problem of filming streaking that usually occurs when detergent builders are added to hard surface cleaners. Through the present invention there is no longer the need to make a compromise between improved cleaning and acceptable filming/streaking results which is especially important for hard surface cleaners which are also directed at cleaning glass. These compositions containing the detergent builder herein at the levels herein, have exceptionally good cleaning properties. They also have exceptionally good shine properties, i.e., when used to clean glossy surfaces, without rinsing, they have much less tendency than, e.g., carbonate built products to leave a dull finish on the surface and filming/streaking.
• the detergent builder is present at levels of from about 0.001% to about 0.05%. More preferably from about 0.01% to about 0.05%, and most preferably from about 0.025% to about 0.04%.
• the balance of the formula is typically water and non-aqueous polar solvents with only minimal cleaning action, having hydrogen bonding parameters greater than about 7.7, preferably greater than about 7.8, like methanol.
• ethanol isopropanol, ethylene glycol, glycoi ethers having a hydrogen bonding parameter of greater than 7.7, propylene glycol, and mixtures thereof, preferably isopropanol, more preferably ethanol.
• the level of non-aqueous polar solvent is usually greater when more concentrated formulas are prepared. Typically, the level of non-aqueous polar solvent is from about 0.5% to about 40%.
• compositions herein can also contain other various adjuncts which are known to the art for detergent compositions. Preferably they are not used at levels that cause unacceptable filming/streaking.
• adjuncts are: enzymes such as proteases; hydrotropes such as sodium toluene sulfonate, sodium cumene sulfonate and potassium xylene sulfonate; aesthetic-enhancing ingredients such as colorants and perfumes, providing they do not adversely impact on filming/streaking in the cleaning of glass.
• Most hard surface cleaner products contain some perfume to provide an olfactory aesthetic benefit and to cover any "chemical" odor that the product may have.
• perfume components in these perfumes are to improve the fragrance odor of the product itself, rather than impacting on the subsequent odor of the surface being cleaned.
• some of the less volatile, high boiling perfume ingredients can provide a fresh and clean impression to the surfaces, and it is sometimes desirable that these ingredients be deposited and present on the dry surface.
• the perfumes are preferably those that are more water-soluble and/or volatile to minimize sporting and filming.
• the perfumes useful herein are described in more detail in U.S. Patent 5, 108,660, Michael, issued April 28, 1992, at col. 8 lines 48 to 68, and col. 9 lines 1 to 68, and col. 10 lines 1 to 24, said patent, and especially said specific portion, being inco ⁇ orated by reference.
• Antibacterial agents can be present, but preferably only at low levels to avoid filming/streaking problems. More hydrophobic antibacterial/germicidal agents, like orthobenzyl-para-chlorophenol, are avoided. If present, such materials should be kept at levels below about 0.1 %.
• Stabilizing ingredients can be present typically to stabilize more of the hydrophobic ingredients, e.g., perfume.
• the stabilizing ingredients include acetic acid and propionic acids, and their salts, e.g., NH4, MEA. Na, K, etc.. preferably acetic acid and the C 2 -C( alkane diols, more preferably butane diol.
• the stabilizing ingredients do not function in accordance with any known principle.
• amido zwitterionic detergent surfactant with linear acyl amphocarboxylate detergent surfactant, anionic detergent surfactant, nonionic detergent surfactant, or mixtures thereof, and stabilizing ingredient can create a microemulsion
• the amount of stabilizing ingredient is typically from about 0.01% to about 0.5%, preferably from about 0.02% to about 0.2%.
• the ratio of hydrophobic material, e.g., perfume that can be stabilized in the product is related to the total surfactant and typically is in an amount that provides a ratio of surfactant to hydrophobic material of from about 1 :2 to about 2: 1.
• Concentrated compositions of the present invention can also be used in order to provide a less expensive and more ecologically sound product. Concentrations of up to 10X the original concentration, preferably up to 5X, more preferably up to 2X the original concentration can be used and can be diluted using tap water, distilled water, and/or deionized water, down to a IX concentration.

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• 1996
  • 1996-10-31 JP JP9519732A patent/JPH11500487A/ja active Pending
  • 1996-10-31 CN CN96199634A patent/CN1207762A/zh active Pending
  • 1996-10-31 CA CA002238194A patent/CA2238194A1/en not_active Abandoned
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  • 1996-10-31 CZ CZ981409A patent/CZ140998A3/cs unknown
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• 1998
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