EP0862158B1 - Sound pick-up system - Google Patents

Sound pick-up system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0862158B1
EP0862158B1 EP98100103A EP98100103A EP0862158B1 EP 0862158 B1 EP0862158 B1 EP 0862158B1 EP 98100103 A EP98100103 A EP 98100103A EP 98100103 A EP98100103 A EP 98100103A EP 0862158 B1 EP0862158 B1 EP 0862158B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air chamber
strings
sound pick
instrument body
bridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98100103A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0862158A1 (en
Inventor
Stephan Schertler
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Individual
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H3/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means
    • G10H3/12—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument
    • G10H3/14—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means
    • G10H3/18—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means using a string, e.g. electric guitar
    • G10H3/185—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means using a string, e.g. electric guitar in which the tones are picked up through the bridge structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/461—Transducers, i.e. details, positioning or use of assemblies to detect and convert mechanical vibrations or mechanical strains into an electrical signal, e.g. audio, trigger or control signal
    • G10H2220/465—Bridge-positioned, i.e. assembled to or attached with the bridge of a stringed musical instrument
    • G10H2220/475—Bridge-positioned, i.e. assembled to or attached with the bridge of a stringed musical instrument on the side, i.e. picking up vibrations from a side of the bridge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/461—Transducers, i.e. details, positioning or use of assemblies to detect and convert mechanical vibrations or mechanical strains into an electrical signal, e.g. audio, trigger or control signal
    • G10H2220/465—Bridge-positioned, i.e. assembled to or attached with the bridge of a stringed musical instrument
    • G10H2220/495—Single bridge transducer, common to all strings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S84/00—Music
    • Y10S84/24—Piezoelectrical transducers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pickup system for a musical instrument with an instrument body, with a bridge for supporting the strings of the musical instrument and with an acoustic transducer, for example a membrane microphone and one in front of the sound-absorbing one Side of the converter lying, airtight closed air chamber.
  • an acoustic transducer for example a membrane microphone and one in front of the sound-absorbing one Side of the converter lying, airtight closed air chamber.
  • Such bridges with an integrated pickup system are used in stringed instruments used, especially in guitars, electric guitars and basses, Mandolins and the like. These bridges are used for acoustic Stringed instruments without feedback problems, as is usually the case with microphones occur, amplify or z. B. with electric guitars and bass guitars to offer the magnetic pickups a second sound variant because of a pickup in the bridge also several vibrations of the instrument body are also transmitted.
  • AT-PS 388 071 should also be mentioned here, which has a bridge with a pickup shows and describes.
  • the pickup has a housing in which a membrane microphone is housed. In front of the sound absorbing side of the Membrane microphones lie in a closed, chamber-like air space or Air gap. This is at least partially elastic and essentially limited gas impermeable material.
  • the housing, which is open on one side is with the formation of the chamber-like air space or air space gap closed a closure which is formed from this elastic material.
  • This elastic material has a preferred density.
  • This pickup is arranged in a recess of the web.
  • the invention aims to achieve this known constructions to improve, mainly the frequency response and the dynamics of the vibrations or the conversion thereof into electrical Signals.
  • the invention proposes that the air space across the length of the strings and across from those next to each other strings occupied zone stretches and the strings carrying the strings Web forms a boundary wall of the air space chamber or on one Air chamber bounding wall is arranged.
  • Appropriate configurations the invention are set out in the subclaims.
  • Fig. 1 shows an oblique view of a guitar with an instrument body 1 and six strings 4 lying side by side, extending over zone 2 of the instrument extend. This zone 2 is the area of the instrument in which the mentioned Strings 4 lie. Near one anchoring point 3 of the strings 4 is the Web 5, to which the present invention relates and which is shown here in FIG. 1 is only shown schematically. This figure only serves to show which Field of a stringed instrument, the invention relates without the Invention to be limited to a specific stringed instrument.
  • the bridge 5 on which the strings 4 lie is parallel to the front side 6 of a bearing block 7, which here is a support part forms and which is fixed on the instrument body 1 and also for Anchoring one end of the strings 4 is used.
  • This web 5 is from the front side 6 of the bearing block 7 or support part somewhat distanced, so that here shallow air chamber 8 is recessed from the three narrow sides by one elastic material 9 are formed, which seals the air chamber 8 tightly.
  • This airspace chamber has the shape of a flat cuboid, the The longitudinal extent of this air space chamber is transverse to the strings 4 and extends over zone 2, in which the strings 4 of the instrument lie.
  • This Air chamber 8 is sealed airtight on all sides.
  • the airspace chamber 8 is designed here so that the pressure of the strings 4 is not on the elastic Material, but is derived via the web 5, which is a broad side of the here flat, cuboid air chamber 8 forms. Thanks to this construction low frequencies are transmitted very well, since at least one is the air chamber 8 final part vibrates slightly and thereby the resonance frequency comes to lie deep.
  • the tightly closed air chamber 8 is limited by the web 5 and the Face 6 of the support part or bearing block 7 as broad sides of this air space chamber, further from the contact surface 25 of the web 5 and a U-shaped frame-like part made of elastic material 9, the two parallel legs are parallel to the plane of the drawing in Fig. 2 and its legs connecting The middle part is perpendicular to the drawing plane in Fig. 2.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 3 the air space chamber 8 through the instrument body 1 or its surface limited, which forms a boundary wall 13 of the air chamber 8.
  • the others Boundary walls of this air chamber 8 are by a on the instrument body 1 fixed support part 11 formed, which is also the anchor the strings 4 serves.
  • this support part 11 is also the membrane microphone 10 stored.
  • the bridge or comb 5, on which the strings rest, stands up the surface of the support member 11, above that area in the the air space chamber 8 extends. This formation of the web is suitable for a guitar or mandolin.
  • the air space chamber 8 is also tightly closed here, the membrane microphone is also used airtight and is for Air space chamber 8 open.
  • the electrical connections 12 are on the outside guided.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 illustrate a web according to the invention for an electrical Violin.
  • the web 5 carrying the strings 4 is on a recessed one Boundary surface 13 bridging and covering plate 15 is arranged. This plate 15 closes the air space chamber 8 tightly.
  • the membrane microphone 10 is defined here in the instrument body 1.
  • the air space chamber 8 with an additional microphone 10 damping material, such as a felt 16 filled to the strong proportions dampen high frequencies that predominate in string instruments.
  • the Bridge 5 is designed like a conventional violin, it can be on the plate 15 glued or, as usual with violins, held only by the string tension his. Plate 15 and web 5 can also form a one-piece component.
  • the membrane microphone is to achieve the design 10 arranged laterally of the air space chamber and with this via an inner Channel 17 connected.
  • the electrical connections 12 of the membrane microphone 10 are down into the instrument body and over corresponding Channels led to the designated contacts.
  • the Support part 11 which here contains the air space chamber 8 as a whole, are the Strings 4 anchored.
  • this spar 18 are the number of strings 4 corresponding to vertical grub screws 21 set.
  • a nut 22 is screwed onto each set screw 21, which here has two superimposed, circumferential grooves 23. These nuts are designed as knurled nuts.
  • the strings 4 lie in these grooves 23 and describe an acute angle between their anchoring points at the ends both down and to the side.
  • the spar 18 is on the Support part 11 pressed and fixed in position.
  • One side guide 20 serves as a stop.
  • This lateral guide 20 is advantageously by means of Screws 24 adjustable and thus allows adjustment of this spar 18 across the strings 4 to correct a possibly faulty or warped Instrument neck.
  • This construction makes the string height adjustment possible possible without tools, on the other hand, the transmission of the string vibrations on the web and thus on the air chamber 8 through the light vertical construction optimally guaranteed.
  • an airtight air chamber 8 is provided.
  • an airborne sound or Sound pressure which from the attached in the web, membrane side to the air space 8 open membrane microphone 5 (e.g. a miniature electret condenser microphone), designed as a pressure receiver, in an electrical signal is changed.
  • membrane microphone 5 e.g. a miniature electret condenser microphone
  • the airtight closed Air chamber 8 can not penetrate external noise from the outside. Thereby a high feedback distance is ensured.
  • the one ends of the strings are fixed on the support part 11 and anchored. It is within the scope of the invention to have these ends on the instrument body set.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Tonabnehmersystem für ein Musikinstrument mit einem Instrumentenkörper, mit einem Steg für die Auflage der Saiten des Musikinstrumentes und mit einem akustischen Wandler, beispielsweise einem Membranmikrophon und einem vor der schallaufnehmenden Seite des Wandlers liegenden, luftdicht geschlossenen Luftraumkammer.The invention relates to a pickup system for a musical instrument with an instrument body, with a bridge for supporting the strings of the musical instrument and with an acoustic transducer, for example a membrane microphone and one in front of the sound-absorbing one Side of the converter lying, airtight closed air chamber.

Solche Stege mit einem integrierten Tonabnehmersystem werden bei Saiteninstrumenten verwendet, insbesondere bei Gitarren, elektrischen Gitarren und Bässen, Mandolinen und dergleichen. Diese Stege werden eingesetzt, um akustische Saiteninstrumente ohne Rückkopplungsprobleme, wie sie sonst bei Mikrophonen auftreten, zu verstärken oder z. B. bei elektrischen Gitarren und Baßgitarren zu den magnetischen Tonabnehmern eine zweite Klangvariante zu bieten, da durch einen Tonabnehmer im Steg auch mehrere Schwingungsanteile des Instrumentenkörpers mitübertragen werden.Such bridges with an integrated pickup system are used in stringed instruments used, especially in guitars, electric guitars and basses, Mandolins and the like. These bridges are used for acoustic Stringed instruments without feedback problems, as is usually the case with microphones occur, amplify or z. B. with electric guitars and bass guitars to offer the magnetic pickups a second sound variant because of a pickup in the bridge also several vibrations of the instrument body are also transmitted.

Stand der Technik ist, Stege, die gleichzeitig zur Tonübertragung eingesetzt werden sollen, mit piezokeramischen Elementen auszurüsten (US-PS 4 160 401, US-PS 4 228 715). Dabei wird entweder unter jeder Saite ein Piezoelement angebracht oder ein stabförmiges Piezoelement quer zur Richtung der Saiten zwischen den Steg und die Saitenauflage montiert, welches die Schwingungen aller Saiten aufnimmt.State of the art is webs that are used simultaneously for sound transmission should be equipped with piezoceramic elements (US-PS 4 160 401, US-PS 4 228 715). A piezo element is attached either under each string or a rod-shaped piezo element transverse to the direction of the strings between the bridge and the string rest mounted, which the vibrations of all Records strings.

Auch die AT-PS 388 071 ist hier zu erwähnen, die einen Steg mit einem Tonabnehmer zeigt und beschreibt. Der Tonabnehmer besitzt ein Gehäuse, in welchem ein Membranmikrophon untergebracht ist. Vor der schallaufnehmenden Seite des Membranmmikrophons liegt ein geschlossener, kammerartiger Luftraum oder ein Luftspalt. Dieser ist wenigstens zum Teil von einem elastischen und im wesentlichen gasundurchlässigen Material begrenzt. Das an sich einseitig offene Gehäuse ist unter Bildung des kammerartigen Luftraumes oder Luftraumspaltes mit einem Verschluß verschlossen, der aus diesem elastischen Material gebildet ist. Dieses elastische Material besitzt eine bevorzugte Dichte. Dieser Tonabnehmer ist in einer Aussparung des Steges angeordnet.AT-PS 388 071 should also be mentioned here, which has a bridge with a pickup shows and describes. The pickup has a housing in which a membrane microphone is housed. In front of the sound absorbing side of the Membrane microphones lie in a closed, chamber-like air space or Air gap. This is at least partially elastic and essentially limited gas impermeable material. The housing, which is open on one side is with the formation of the chamber-like air space or air space gap closed a closure which is formed from this elastic material. This elastic material has a preferred density. This pickup is arranged in a recess of the web.

Diese vorbekannten Konstruktionen können Schwingungen von Saiten und/oder Resonanzkörpern nur mit großer Ungenauigkeit, eingeschränktem Frequenzgang und eingeschränkter Dynamik übertragen bzw. in ein elektrisches Signal umwandeln.These known designs can vibrate strings and / or Resonance bodies only with great inaccuracy, limited frequency response and limited dynamic range or convert it into an electrical signal.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik zielt die Erfindung darauf ab, diese bekannten Konstruktionen zu verbessem, vornehmlich den Frequenzgang und die Dynamik der Schwingungen bzw. die Umwandlung derselben in elektrische Signale. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung vor, daß sich die Luftraumkammer quer zum Längsverlauf der Saiten und über die von den nebeneinander liegenden Saiten eingenommene Zone erstreckt und der die Saiten tragende Steg eine Begrenzungswand der Luftraumkammer bildet oder auf einer die Luftraumkammer begrenzenden Wand angeordnet ist. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen festgehalten.Starting from this prior art, the invention aims to achieve this known constructions to improve, mainly the frequency response and the dynamics of the vibrations or the conversion thereof into electrical Signals. To achieve this object, the invention proposes that the air space across the length of the strings and across from those next to each other strings occupied zone stretches and the strings carrying the strings Web forms a boundary wall of the air space chamber or on one Air chamber bounding wall is arranged. Appropriate configurations the invention are set out in the subclaims.

Um die Erfindung zu veranschaulichen, wird sie anhand der Zeichnung im Zusammenhang mit mehreren Ausführungsbeispielen näher erörtert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Gitarre in Seitensicht;
Fig. 2
einen Längsschnitt durch einen Steg einer ersten Ausführungsform;
Fig. 3
einen Längsschnitt durch einen Steg einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
Fig. 4
einen Längsschnitt durch einen Steg einer dritten Ausführungsform;
Fig. 5
einen Querschnitt nach der Linie V-V in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6
einen Längsschnitt durch einen Steg einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung;
Fig. 7
die Draufsicht auf den Steg nach Fig. 6;
Fig. 8
einen Querschnitt nach der Linie VIII-VIII in Fig. 7.
In order to illustrate the invention, it will be discussed in more detail with reference to the drawing in connection with several exemplary embodiments. Show it:
Fig. 1
a guitar in side view;
Fig. 2
a longitudinal section through a web of a first embodiment;
Fig. 3
a longitudinal section through a web of a second embodiment;
Fig. 4
a longitudinal section through a web of a third embodiment;
Fig. 5
a cross section along the line VV in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6
a longitudinal section through a web of a further embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7
the top view of the web of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8
a cross-section along the line VIII-VIII in Fig. 7.

Fig. 1 zeigt in Schrägsicht eine Gitarre mit einem Instrumentenkörper 1 und sechs nebeneinander liegenden Saiten 4, die sich über die Zone 2 des Instrumentes erstrecken. Diese Zone 2 ist jener Bereich des Instrumentes, in dem die erwähnten Saiten 4 liegen. Nahe der einen Verankerungsstelle 3 der Saiten 4 liegt der Steg 5, auf den sich die gegenständliche Erfindung bezieht und der hier in Fig. 1 nur schematisch dargestellt ist. Diese Figur dient nur dazu aufzuzeigen, auf welchen Bereich eines Saiteninstrumentes sich die Erfindung bezieht, ohne daß die Erfindung auf ein bestimmtes Saiteninstrument beschränkt sein soll.Fig. 1 shows an oblique view of a guitar with an instrument body 1 and six strings 4 lying side by side, extending over zone 2 of the instrument extend. This zone 2 is the area of the instrument in which the mentioned Strings 4 lie. Near one anchoring point 3 of the strings 4 is the Web 5, to which the present invention relates and which is shown here in FIG. 1 is only shown schematically. This figure only serves to show which Field of a stringed instrument, the invention relates without the Invention to be limited to a specific stringed instrument.

Einen Längsschnitt durch einen solchen Steg zeigt Fig. 2 in einer ersten Ausführungsform anhand eines elektrischen Basses. Der Steg 5, auf dem die Saiten 4 aufliegen, liegt parallel zur Stimseite 6 eines Lagerbockes 7, der hier einen Auflageteil bildet und der auf dem Instrumentenkörper 1 festgelegt ist und der auch zur Verankerung der einen Enden der Saiten 4 dient. Dieser Steg 5 ist von der Stimseite 6 des Lagerbockes 7 oder Auflageteiles etwas distanziert, so daß hier eine flache Luftraumkammer 8 ausgespart wird, von der drei Schmalseiten durch ein elastisches Material 9 gebildet werden, das die Luftraumkammer 8 dicht abschließt. Diese Luftraumkammer besitzt die Form eines flachen Quaders, die Längserstreckung dieser Luftraumkammer liegt quer zu den Saiten 4 und erstreckt sich über die Zone 2, in der die Saiten 4 des Instrumentes liegen. Diese Luftraumkammer 8 ist luftdicht allseits verschlossen. An der Stimseite 6 des Lagerbockes 7 oder Auflageteiles ist das Membranmikrophon 10 angeordnet, dessen elektrische Anschlüsse 12 nach unten herausgeführt sind. Die Luftraumkammer 8 ist hier so ausgestaltet, daß der Druck der Saiten 4 nicht auf das elastische Material, sondern über den Steg 5 abgeleitet wird, der hier eine Breitseite der flachen, quaderförmigen Luftraumkammer 8 bildet. Dank dieser Konstruktion werden tiefe Frequenzen sehr gut übertragen, da wenigstens ein die Luftraumkammer 8 abschließender Teil leicht schwingt und dadurch die Resonanzfrequenz tief zu liegen kommt.2 shows a longitudinal section through such a web in a first embodiment based on an electric bass. The bridge 5 on which the strings 4 lie, is parallel to the front side 6 of a bearing block 7, which here is a support part forms and which is fixed on the instrument body 1 and also for Anchoring one end of the strings 4 is used. This web 5 is from the front side 6 of the bearing block 7 or support part somewhat distanced, so that here shallow air chamber 8 is recessed from the three narrow sides by one elastic material 9 are formed, which seals the air chamber 8 tightly. This airspace chamber has the shape of a flat cuboid, the The longitudinal extent of this air space chamber is transverse to the strings 4 and extends over zone 2, in which the strings 4 of the instrument lie. This Air chamber 8 is sealed airtight on all sides. On the front side 6 of the pedestal 7 or support part, the membrane microphone 10 is arranged, the electrical connections 12 are led out down. The airspace chamber 8 is designed here so that the pressure of the strings 4 is not on the elastic Material, but is derived via the web 5, which is a broad side of the here flat, cuboid air chamber 8 forms. Thanks to this construction low frequencies are transmitted very well, since at least one is the air chamber 8 final part vibrates slightly and thereby the resonance frequency comes to lie deep.

Die dicht verschlossene Luftraumkammer 8 ist begrenzt vom Steg 5 und der Stimseite 6 des Auflageteiles oder Lagerbockes 7 als Breitseiten dieser Luftraumkammer, femer von der Aufstandsfläche 25 des Steges 5 und einem U-förmigen, rahmenartigen Teil aus elastischem Material 9, dessen beide Parallelschenkel parallel zur Zeichenebene in Fig. 2 liegen und dessen die Schenkel verbindender Mittelteil rechtwinkelig zur Zeichenebene in Fig. 2 steht.The tightly closed air chamber 8 is limited by the web 5 and the Face 6 of the support part or bearing block 7 as broad sides of this air space chamber, further from the contact surface 25 of the web 5 and a U-shaped frame-like part made of elastic material 9, the two parallel legs are parallel to the plane of the drawing in Fig. 2 and its legs connecting The middle part is perpendicular to the drawing plane in Fig. 2.

Ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung veranschaulicht Fig. 3. Hier wird die Luftraumkammer 8 durch den Instrumentenkörper 1 bzw. dessen Oberfläche begrenzt, der eine Begrenzungswand 13 der Luftraumkammer 8 bildet. Die anderen Begrenzungswände dieser Luftraumkammer 8 werden durch einen am Instrumentenkörper 1 festgelegten Auflageteil 11 gebildet, der auch der Verankerung der Saiten 4 dient. In diesem Auflageteil 11 ist auch das Membranmikrophon 10 gelagert. Der Steg oder der Kamm 5, auf dem die Saiten aufliegen, steht auf der Oberfläche des Auflageteiles 11, und zwar oberhalb jenes Bereichs, in den sich die Luftraumkammer 8 erstreckt. Diese Ausbildung des Steges eignet sich für eine Gitarre oder Mandoline. Auch hier ist die Luftraumkammer 8 dicht verschlossen, ebenso ist das Membranmikrophon luftdicht eingesetzt und ist zur Luftraumkammer 8 hin offen. Die elektrischen Anschlüsse 12 sind nach außen geführt. Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 3 the air space chamber 8 through the instrument body 1 or its surface limited, which forms a boundary wall 13 of the air chamber 8. The others Boundary walls of this air chamber 8 are by a on the instrument body 1 fixed support part 11 formed, which is also the anchor the strings 4 serves. In this support part 11 is also the membrane microphone 10 stored. The bridge or comb 5, on which the strings rest, stands up the surface of the support member 11, above that area in the the air space chamber 8 extends. This formation of the web is suitable for a guitar or mandolin. The air space chamber 8 is also tightly closed here, the membrane microphone is also used airtight and is for Air space chamber 8 open. The electrical connections 12 are on the outside guided.

Die Fig. 4 und 5 veranschaulichen einen erfindungsgemäßen Steg für eine elektrische Geige. Hier ist die vom Instrumentenkörper 1 gebildete Begrenzungswand 13 der Luftraumkammer 8 gegenüber der Oberfläche 14 des Instrumentenkörpers 1 vertieft. Der die Saiten 4 tragende Steg 5 ist auf einer diese vertieft liegende Begrenzungsfläche 13 überbrückenden und überdeckenden Platte 15 angeordnet. Diese Platte 15 schließt die Luftraumkammer 8 dicht ab. Das Membranmikrophon 10 ist hier im Instrumentenkörper 1 festgelegt. Hier bei dieser Ausführungsform ist die Luftraumkammer 8 zusätzlich über dem Mikrophon 10 mit einem dämpfenden Material, beispielsweise einem Filz 16 gefüllt, um die starken Anteile hoher Frequenzen zu dämpfen, die bei Streichinstrumenten überwiegen. Der Steg 5 ist wie bei einer herkömmlichen Geige ausgebildet, er kann auf die Platte 15 geleimt oder, wie bei Geigen üblich, nur durch die Saitenspannung gehalten sein. Platte 15 und Steg 5 können auch einen einstückigen Bauteil bilden.4 and 5 illustrate a web according to the invention for an electrical Violin. Here is the boundary wall formed by the instrument body 1 13 of the air space chamber 8 opposite the surface 14 of the instrument body 1 deepened. The web 5 carrying the strings 4 is on a recessed one Boundary surface 13 bridging and covering plate 15 is arranged. This plate 15 closes the air space chamber 8 tightly. The membrane microphone 10 is defined here in the instrument body 1. Here in this embodiment is the air space chamber 8 with an additional microphone 10 damping material, such as a felt 16 filled to the strong proportions dampen high frequencies that predominate in string instruments. The Bridge 5 is designed like a conventional violin, it can be on the plate 15 glued or, as usual with violins, held only by the string tension his. Plate 15 and web 5 can also form a one-piece component.

Die Fig. 6 und 7 zeigen eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit verstellbarer Saitenaufhängung, z. B. für eine elektrische Gitarre. Um eine kompakte Bauform zu erreichen, ist bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel das Membranmikrophon 10 seitlich der Luftraumkammer angeordnet und mit dieser über einen inneren Kanal 17 verbunden. Die elektrischen Anschlüsse 12 des Membranmikrophons 10 sind nach unten in den Instrumentenkörper und über entsprechende Kanäle zu den dafür vorgesehenen Kontakten geführt. Am hinteren Ende des Auflageteiles 11, der hier die Luftraumkammer 8 als ganzes beinhaltet, sind die Saiten 4 verankert. Auf der Oberseite dieses Auflageteiles 11, und zwar oberhalb der Luftraumkammer 8, liegt frei ein sich quer zu den Saiten 4 erstreckender Holm 18 auf, dessen beiden Enden in Führungen 19 und 20 gehalten sind. An diesem Holm 18 sind der Anzahl der Saiten 4 entsprechend vertikale Gewindestifte 21 festgelegt. Auf jedem Gewindestift 21 ist eine Mutter 22 aufgeschraubt, die hier zwei übereinander liegende, umlaufende Nuten 23 besitzt. Diese Muttern sind als Rändelmuttern ausgebildet. Die Saiten 4 liegen diesen Nuten 23 ein und beschreiben zwischen ihren endseitigen Verankerungsstellen einen spitzen Winkel sowohl nach unten wie auch zur Seite. Dadurch wird der Holm 18 auf den Auflageteil 11 gedrückt und in seiner Lage fixiert. Die eine seitliche Führung 20 dient dabei als Anschlag. Diese seitliche Führung 20 ist zweckmäßigerweise mittels Schrauben 24 verstellbar und erlaubt damit eine Verstellung dieses Holmes 18 quer zu den Saiten 4 zur Korrektur eines evtl. fehlerhaften oder verzogenen Instrumentenhalses. Durch diese Konstruktion ist einerseits die Saitenhöhenverstellung ohne Werkzeug möglich, andererseits ist die Übertragung der Saitenschwingungen auf den Steg und damit auf die Luftraumkammer 8 durch die leichte vertikale Konstruktion bestens gewährleistet. Die Schwingungen der Saite gelangen so auf dem kürzesten, direkten Weg zur Luftraumkammer 8. Durch die Nuten 23 an den Muttern 22 wird der Spielraum für die Höhenverstellung der Saiten vergrößert, ohne daß die Mutter wesentlich über den Gewindestift 21 herausgedreht werden muß. Dies gewährleistet bei unterschiedlichen Saitenhöhen den im wesentlichen gleichen Kontakt der Gewindeteile. Durch Versuche hat sich gezeigt, daß als Material für die Gewindestifte reines Kupfer zweckmäßig ist, da dieses alle Frequenzen am gleichmäßigsten leitet und sein Eigenklang gegenüber anderen in Frage kommenden Metallen als sehr angenehm empfunden wird. Der Holm 8 kann auch in Richtung der Saiten 4 zur Einstellung der Bundreinheit verschoben werden.6 and 7 show a further embodiment of the invention with adjustable String suspension, e.g. B. for an electric guitar. To be a compact In this exemplary embodiment, the membrane microphone is to achieve the design 10 arranged laterally of the air space chamber and with this via an inner Channel 17 connected. The electrical connections 12 of the membrane microphone 10 are down into the instrument body and over corresponding Channels led to the designated contacts. At the back of the Support part 11, which here contains the air space chamber 8 as a whole, are the Strings 4 anchored. On the top of this support part 11, above the air space chamber 8, there is a one extending transversely to the strings 4 Holm 18, the two ends of which are held in guides 19 and 20. On this spar 18 are the number of strings 4 corresponding to vertical grub screws 21 set. A nut 22 is screwed onto each set screw 21, which here has two superimposed, circumferential grooves 23. These nuts are designed as knurled nuts. The strings 4 lie in these grooves 23 and describe an acute angle between their anchoring points at the ends both down and to the side. As a result, the spar 18 is on the Support part 11 pressed and fixed in position. One side guide 20 serves as a stop. This lateral guide 20 is advantageously by means of Screws 24 adjustable and thus allows adjustment of this spar 18 across the strings 4 to correct a possibly faulty or warped Instrument neck. This construction makes the string height adjustment possible possible without tools, on the other hand, the transmission of the string vibrations on the web and thus on the air chamber 8 through the light vertical construction optimally guaranteed. The vibrations of the string get to the airspace chamber 8 by the shortest, direct route Grooves 23 on the nuts 22 is the scope for the height adjustment Strings enlarged without the nut being screwed out substantially via the threaded pin 21 must become. This ensures with different string heights the substantially same contact of the threaded parts. Through attempts shown that pure copper is useful as the material for the grub screws, because this leads all frequencies most evenly and its own sound opposite other metals in question are perceived as very pleasant. The spar 8 can also in the direction of the strings 4 to adjust the fret purity be moved.

Bei allen Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung ist im oder am Steg und unter den Saiten 4 eine luftdichte Luftraumkammer 8 vorgesehen. Durch die Schwingungen der Saiten und die Elastizität des Steges, der aus Holz oder einem ähnlich elastischen Material besteht, entsteht in der Luftraumkammer 8 ein Luftschall bzw. Schalldruck, welcher von dem im Steg angebrachten, membranseitig zur Luftraumkammer 8 offenen Membranmikrophon 5 (z. B. einem Miniatur-Elektret-Kondensator-Mikrophon), ausgelegt als Druckempfänger, in ein elektrisches Signal gewandelt wird. Bei ordnungsgemäßer und korrekter Abstimmung entsteht ein über den gesamten Hörbereich ausgeglichenes und dynamisches Klangbild ohne den harten und durch Resonanzen im oberen Hörbereich verursachten metallischen Klang eines piezokeramischen Tonabnehmers. In die luftdicht geschlossene Luftraumkammer 8 kann kein Fremdschall von außen eindringen. Dadurch wird ein hoher Rückkopplungsabstand sichergestellt. Bei allen gezeichten Ausführungsbeispielen sind die einen Enden der Saiten am Auflageteil 11 festgelegt und verankert. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, diese Enden auf dem Instrumentenkörper festzulegen. In all embodiments of the invention is in or on the web and under Strings 4 an airtight air chamber 8 is provided. Through the vibrations the strings and the elasticity of the bridge made of wood or a similar elastic Material exists, an airborne sound or Sound pressure, which from the attached in the web, membrane side to the air space 8 open membrane microphone 5 (e.g. a miniature electret condenser microphone), designed as a pressure receiver, in an electrical signal is changed. With proper and correct coordination a balanced and dynamic sound image over the entire listening area without the hard metallic ones caused by resonances in the upper listening area Piezoceramic pickup sound. In the airtight closed Air chamber 8 can not penetrate external noise from the outside. Thereby a high feedback distance is ensured. In all the illustrated embodiments the one ends of the strings are fixed on the support part 11 and anchored. It is within the scope of the invention to have these ends on the instrument body set.

Legende zu den Hinweisziffern:Legend to the reference numbers:

11
Instrumentenkörperinstrument body
22
ZoneZone
33
Verankerungsstelleanchoring point
44
Saitestring
55
Stegweb
66
Stirnseitefront
77
Lagerbockbearing block
88th
LuftraumkammerPlenum chamber
99
elastisches Materialelastic material
1010
Membranmikrophondiaphragm microphone
1111
Auflageteilsupporting part
1212
elektrische Anschlüsseelectrical connections
1313
Begrenzungswandboundary wall
1414
Oberflächesurface
1515
Platteplate
1616
Filzfelt
1717
Kanalchannel
1818
HolmHolm
1919
Führungguide
2020
Führungguide
2121
GewindestiftSet screw
2222
Muttermother
2323
Nutgroove
2424
Schraubescrew
2525
Aufstandsflächefootprint

Claims (10)

  1. A sound pick-up system for a musical instrument with an instrument body, with a bridge for supporting the strings of the musical instrument and with an acoustic transducer, for example a diaphragm-type microphone, and with an air-tight air chamber positioned in front of the sound-receiving side of the transducer, characterised in that the air chamber (8) extends crosswise to the longitudinal course of the strings (4) and across the zone (2) taken up by the strings (4) lying alongside one another, and the bridge (5) carrying the strings (4) forms a delimiting wall of the air chamber (8) or is positioned on a wall delimiting the air chamber (8).
  2. A sound pick-up system according to Claim 1, characterised in that the air chamber (8), one delimiting wall of which is formed by the bridge (5) supporting the strings (4), has at least three narrow sides formed from elastic material (9), and the bridge (5) carrying the strings (4) stands substantially at right angles to the surface of the instrument body (1) and forms a broad side of the air chamber (8).
  3. A sound pick-up system according to Claim 1, characterised in that one delimiting wall (13) of the air chamber (8) is formed by the instrument body (1).
  4. A sound pick-up system according to Claim 3, characterised in that the delimiting wall (13) of the air chamber (8) formed by the instrument body (1) is recessed relative to the surface (14) of the instrument body (1), and the bridge (5) carrying the strings (4) is positioned on a panel (15) covering this recessed delimiting surface (13).
  5. A sound pick-up system according to Claim 4, characterised in that the delimiting wall (13) recessed relative to the instrument body (1) forms a broad side of the air chamber (8).
  6. A sound pick-up system according to Claim 1, characterised in that it has a number of vertical headless screws (21) arranged on the upper broad side of the air chamber (8), and each headless screw (21) has a nut (22) with at least one groove (23) round the outside (23) for supporting a string (4).
  7. A sound pick-up system according to Claim 6, characterised in that the headless screws (21) are arranged on a sleeper (18) positioned on the upper broad side of the air chamber (8), and this sleeper (18) is mounted displaceably crosswise and/or parallel to the longitudinal extent of the air chamber (8).
  8. A sound pick-up system according to Claim 1, characterised in that the air chamber (8) is at least partially filled with a damping material, for example a felt (16).
  9. A sound pick-up system according to Claim 6, characterised in that the headless screws (21) are made of copper.
  10. A sound pick-up system according to Claim 6, characterised in that the nuts (22) are in the form of knurled nuts.
EP98100103A 1997-02-28 1998-01-07 Sound pick-up system Expired - Lifetime EP0862158B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0034497A AT404304B (en) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 BRIDGE FOR STRINGING THE STRINGS OF A MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
AT34497 1997-06-10
AT344/97 1997-06-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0862158A1 EP0862158A1 (en) 1998-09-02
EP0862158B1 true EP0862158B1 (en) 2003-03-12

Family

ID=3488120

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98100103A Expired - Lifetime EP0862158B1 (en) 1997-02-28 1998-01-07 Sound pick-up system

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Country Link
US (1) US5925839A (en)
EP (1) EP0862158B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH10274977A (en)
AT (1) AT404304B (en)
DE (1) DE59807423D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2191213T3 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7132597B2 (en) 2002-02-26 2006-11-07 Taylor-Listug, Inc. Transducer for converting between mechanical vibration and electrical signal
US7291780B2 (en) * 2002-02-26 2007-11-06 Taylor-Listug, Inc. Transducer for converting between mechanical vibration and electrical signal
US20050011342A1 (en) * 2003-07-18 2005-01-20 Fishman Lawrence R. Musical instrument transducer
GB0609628D0 (en) * 2006-05-16 2006-06-21 Mcevoy Andrew M Musical instrument
FR2944176B1 (en) * 2009-04-02 2011-12-16 Gerard Claude Michelet AUDIO DETECTION DEVICE FOR ACOUSTIC INSTRUMENT, ACOUSTIC INSTRUMENT EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE AND METHOD FOR TAKING SOUND USING SUCH A DEVICE
US8455749B1 (en) * 2009-11-16 2013-06-04 David Rowland Gage Detachable electric pickup for musical instrument
US8471137B2 (en) 2011-02-22 2013-06-25 Kenneth Michael ADAIR Pickup system with a cartridge
AT510851B1 (en) * 2011-03-16 2012-07-15 Schertler Sa VIBRATION DETECTION DEVICE FOR FREQUENCIES IN THE HEARING AREA
US8642878B2 (en) * 2011-12-21 2014-02-04 Taylor-Listug, Inc. Pickup assemblies, systems and methods for stringed instruments
FR2998086B1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2015-02-06 Ecole Norm Superieure Lyon ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR AUTOMATICALLY PLAYING A FROST STRING MUSIC INSTRUMENT

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3174380A (en) * 1963-09-13 1965-03-23 Jack C Cookerly Stringed instrument bridge and anchoring means
JPS5383728A (en) * 1976-12-29 1978-07-24 Chiyuushin Gatsuki Seizou Kk String vibration converter bridge for electric string instrument
DE2738256C3 (en) * 1977-08-25 1980-08-21 Carl-Ernst G. Prof. Dipl.-Ing. 4000 Duesseldorf Nourney String instrument
US4290331A (en) * 1979-07-27 1981-09-22 Jerzy Izdebski Pick-up for a musical instrument
GB2118757A (en) * 1982-01-21 1983-11-02 Ashworth Jones Alun David Audio transducer
US4450744A (en) * 1982-05-28 1984-05-29 Richard Shubb Electric pickup device for a musical instrument such as a banjo
DE8431266U1 (en) * 1984-10-22 1985-04-11 Byl, Franz de, 1000 Berlin CARTRIDGE DEVICE WITH AT LEAST TWO MICROPHONES FOR ACOUSTIC STRING INSTRUMENTS, ESPECIALLY FOR ACOUSTIC GUITARS
US4657114A (en) * 1985-03-27 1987-04-14 Gibson Guitar Corp. Bridge pickup for string instrument
AT388071B (en) * 1987-04-03 1989-04-25 Schertler Stephan Sound pick-up for fitting to musical instruments
US5173565A (en) * 1989-04-12 1992-12-22 Gunn Dennis R Roller bridge saddle
CH680476A5 (en) * 1990-01-03 1992-08-31 Rolf Spuler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0862158A1 (en) 1998-09-02
US5925839A (en) 1999-07-20
ES2191213T3 (en) 2003-09-01
ATA34497A (en) 1998-02-15
DE59807423D1 (en) 2003-04-17
JPH10274977A (en) 1998-10-13
AT404304B (en) 1998-10-27

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