EP0855006B1 - Installation de chauffage par caloduc d'un batiment - Google Patents
Installation de chauffage par caloduc d'un batiment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0855006B1 EP0855006B1 EP95935499A EP95935499A EP0855006B1 EP 0855006 B1 EP0855006 B1 EP 0855006B1 EP 95935499 A EP95935499 A EP 95935499A EP 95935499 A EP95935499 A EP 95935499A EP 0855006 B1 EP0855006 B1 EP 0855006B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat transfer
- evaporator
- condenser
- heated
- enclosed space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021183 entrée Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D7/00—Central heating systems employing heat-transfer fluids not covered by groups F24D1/00 - F24D5/00, e.g. oil, salt or gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/0226—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with an intermediate heat-transfer medium, e.g. thermosiphon radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0275—Arrangements for coupling heat-pipes together or with other structures, e.g. with base blocks; Heat pipe cores
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the heating of a building, and more particularly of a building for use industrial, for example a workshop.
- a heating installation by heat pipe of a building for example for residential use, consequently comprising several enclosures or rooms to heat, each delimited by a wall or means of equivalent separation.
- This heating installation includes a thermal transfer module or system passive, forming a closed volume filled with a fluid two-phase coolant, for example a hydrocarbon fluorochlorine.
- This module includes, at a lower end a vaporizer, placed outside the enclosure or room to heat, a condenser located in the upper part at inside the same enclosure, and an adiabatic circuit connecting the outlet of the vaporizer and the inlet of the condenser, crossing the wall of the enclosure to be heated, arranged for ensure the passage of the vaporized heat transfer fluid, evaporator to the condenser, and the return of the same fluid condensed, from condenser to vaporizer, all by through a column arranged as a heat pipe.
- the heating means arranged inside the enclosure to heat are only of the convective type, and are related thermally with the condenser.
- convective means prove not very effective in heating an enclosure comprising a large volume, workshop type for example.
- the present invention therefore relates to a heating system by heat pipe, allowing heating a building with thermal efficiency satisfactory, and better than with heating means traditional.
- the means of heating are arranged in the upper part of the enclosure to heat, and run down.
- These means combine radiative structure of thermal radiation, having a relatively large developed area, linked thermally with the condenser, as well as means thermal insulation of said radiative structure, arranged above the condenser and said structure, and sized relative to each other so that the heat emitted by radiation by said means of heating represents at least 80% of the heat produced by said means.
- a building 14 whose roof has been removed for the needs of the drawing, and comprising a wall 15, delimiting inside an enclosure 1 to be heated.
- several (in this case four) modules 2 passive heat transfer according to the invention, are distributed, so as to provide heating homogeneous inside the building.
- the surrounding wall 15 is shown schematically in Figure 2 in a dashed line.
- the thermally insulated duct 8 for circulation of the vein gas at high temperature constitutes a hot spring 6 common to all heat transfer modules 2 passive.
- the vaporizers 3 of the four 2 heat transfer modules are arranged in the insulated duct 8, in exchange for heat with the vein gas flowing in the latter.
- a burner 9, by example of a combustible gas, is arranged at one end circulation duct 8, upstream of all 3.
- each module 2 of passive heat transfer includes means for heating arranged in the upper part of enclosure 1 to heat, and run down.
- Each means of heating combines a radiative structure 71, 72, or 73, arranged to radiate downwards thermally, having a relatively large developed area, linked thermally, for example by conduction, with a condenser 41, 42 or 43 respectively.
- each condenser 41 or 42 or 43 comprises a tube closed at one end 41a, or 42b, or 43b, and the radiative structure 71, 72 or 73 includes two metal wings 71a and 71b, or 72a and 72b, or 73a and 73b, arranged on either side of the tube above, and thermally connected by conduction to it latest.
- means 10 thermal insulation of each radiative structure 71, 72 or 73 are arranged above the condenser 41, 42 or 43 respectively, and of the radiative structure 71, 72 or 73, of the same passive thermal transfer module 2.
- the condenser 41, 42 or 43, the radiative structure 71, 72 or 73, and the thermal insulation means 10 are sized relative to each other, so that the heat emitted by radiation by the heating means represents at least 80% of the heat produced by said heating means.
- each transfer module 3 thermal comprises, on the one hand a tube 12 closed to a end 12a, arranged transversely, for example vertically in the vein circulation duct 8 gas at high temperature, and on the other hand a plurality fins 13 arranged perpendicular to the axis of the closed tube 12.
- each passive heat transfer module 2 behaves in thermosiphon, including vaporizer 3, at one end and at a low level, and three condensers 41 to 43, arranged with their respective radiative structures 71 to 73, to the other end and at a high level.
- the vaporizer 3 and the aforementioned condensers are interconnected by the adiabatic duct 5 and distributor 13, to ensure an increase in the vapor phase (according to the arrow in dotted lines), and a counter-current descent (depending on the solid line arrow) of the liquid phase of the fluid coolant.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 représente de manière schématique, avec arrachement partiel, un bâtiment équipé d'une installation de chauffage conforme à la présente invention ;
- la figure 2 représente, toujours de manière schématique, un module de transfert thermique passif, appartenant à l'installation de chauffage représentée à la figure 1 ;
- la figure 3 représente, en coupe selon la ligne III-III de la figure 2, les moyens de chauffage appartenant au module de transfert thermique passif représenté à la figure 2.
- un vaporiseur 3, éventuellement disposé à l'extérieur de l'enceinte 1 à chauffer, et plus précisément à l'intérieur d'un conduit 8 calorifugé de circulation d'une veine gazeuse à haute température, lui-même disposé à l'extérieur du bâtiment 14 ;
- trois condenseurs 41, 42 et 43, alimentés par un même distributeur 13, disposés à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1, et plus particulièrement en haut du bâtiment 14, sous le toit (non représenté), et en suivant approximativement la pente de ce dernier ;
- un circuit ou tuyau adiabatique 5 traversant le mur 15 de l'enceinte à chauffer, reliant la sortie 3a du vaporiseur 3 et les entrées 41a, 42a et 43a des condenseurs 41, 42 et 43 respectivement, par l'intermédiaire du distributeur 13, ledit circuit étant agencé pour assurer le passage du fluide caloporteur vaporisé, du vaporiseur 3 aux condenseurs précités, et le retour à contre-courant du fluide caloporteur condensé, des condenseurs 41 à 43 au vaporiseur 3.
- dans le condenseur, une température prédéterminée comprise entre 110°C et 250°C, et de préférence comprise entre 140°C et 160°C, par exemple 150°C ;
- et dans le vaporiseur 3, une température comprise entre 400°C et 600°C, et de préférence comprise entre 450°C et 550°C, par exemple 500°C.
- le volume clos étant au maximum égal à 25 litres, la section de passage du circuit ou tuyau adiabatique 5 est comprise entre 3 et 4 cm ;
- la longueur hors tout du module 2, c'est-à-dire développée du vaporiseur 3 aux condenseurs 41 à 43, est inférieure ou égale à 15 m.
Claims (10)
- Installation de chauffage par caloduc, d'un bâtiment comprenant au moins une enceinte (1) à chauffer délimitée par un mur, ladite installation comprenant :(a) un module (2) de transfert thermique passif, formant un volume clos rempli avec un fluide caloporteur diphasique, comprenant au moins un vaporiseur (3), au moins un condenseur (41,42,43) disposé à l'intérieur de l'enceinte (1) à chauffer, et un circuit (5) adiabatique reliant la sortie (3a) du vaporiseur (3) et l'entrée (41a,42a,43a) du condenseur, traversant le mur de l'enceinte (1) à chauffer, agencé pour assurer le passage du fluide caloporteur vaporisé, du vaporiseur au condenseur, et le retour du fluide caloporteur condensé, du condenseur au vaporiseur ;(b) une source chaude (6), disposée à l'extérieur de l'enceinte (1) à chauffer, en échange de chaleur avec le vaporiseur (3) ;(c) des moyens de chauffage (71,72,73), disposés à l'intérieur de l'enceinte (1) à chauffer, liés thermiquement avec le condenseur (41,42,43)
- Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le fluide caloporteur et la pression interne dans le module (2) de transfert thermique passif sont déterminés pour établir en fonctionnement dans le condenseur une température prédéterminée comprise entre 110°C et 250°C, et de préférence comprise entre 140°C et 160°C, par exemple 150°C.
- Installation selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le fluide caloporteur, et la pression interne dans le module (2) de transfert thermique sont déterminés également pour établir en fonctionnement dans l'évaporateur (3) une température comprise entre 400°C et 600°C, et de préférence comprise entre 450°C et 550°C, par exemple 500°C.
- Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la source chaude (6) comprend un conduit calorifugé (8) de circulation d'une veine gazeuse à haute température, disposé à l'extérieur de l'enceinte (1) à chauffer, dans lequel le vaporiseur (3) est disposé en échange de chaleur avec ladite veine gazeuse.
- Installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce qu'un brûleur (9), par exemple d'un gaz combustible, est disposé à une extrémité du conduit de circulation (8), en amont du vaporiseur (3).
- Installation selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le vaporiseur (3) comprend, d'une part au moins un tube (12) fermé à une extrémité (12a) disposé transversalement, par exemple verticalement, dans le conduit (8) de circulation de la veine gazeuse à haute température, et d'autre part une pluralité d'ailettes (13) disposées perpendiculairement à l'axe du tube fermé (12).
- Installation selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une pluralité de modules (2) de transfert thermique passif, distribués selon une dimension du bâtiment, par exemple sa longueur, les vaporiseurs (3) des différents modules respectivement étant disposés et distribués dans le même conduit (8) de circulation de la veine gazeuse à haute température, à l'extérieur du bâtiment (1), les condenseurs (41,42,43) et moyens de chauffage (71,72,73) étant disposés dans et à la partie haute de l'enceinte (1) à chauffer.
- Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le module (2) de transfert thermique passif comprend, à une extrémité un vaporiseur (3), et à l'autre extrémité une pluralité de condenseurs (41,42,43)/structures radiatives (71,72,73), reliées par distributeur (13) au circuit (5) adiabatique.
- Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que, pour un volume clos du module de transfert thermique, au maximum égal à 25 litres, la section de passage du circuit (5) adiabatique est comprise entre 3 et 4 cm.
- Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la longueur hors tout du module (2) de transfert thermique, du vaporiseur (3) au condenseur (41,42,43), est inférieure ou égale à 15 m.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT95935499T ATE184095T1 (de) | 1995-10-13 | 1995-10-13 | Heizungsanlage für ein gebäude mit wärmerohr |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1995/001358 WO1997014002A1 (fr) | 1995-10-13 | 1995-10-13 | Installation de chauffage par caloduc d'un batiment |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0855006A1 EP0855006A1 (fr) | 1998-07-29 |
EP0855006B1 true EP0855006B1 (fr) | 1999-09-01 |
Family
ID=9475886
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95935499A Expired - Lifetime EP0855006B1 (fr) | 1995-10-13 | 1995-10-13 | Installation de chauffage par caloduc d'un batiment |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6006998A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0855006B1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU3749695A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2235109A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69511904T2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997014002A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090242170A1 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | Raytheon Company | Cooling Fins for a Heat Pipe |
US7907395B2 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2011-03-15 | Raytheon Company | Heat removal system for computer rooms |
IE20080770A1 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2010-06-23 | Trinity College Dublin | Heat exchanger |
US20130291555A1 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2013-11-07 | Phononic Devices, Inc. | Thermoelectric refrigeration system control scheme for high efficiency performance |
WO2013169774A2 (fr) | 2012-05-07 | 2013-11-14 | Phononic Devices, Inc. | Composant d'échangeur de chaleur thermoélectrique comprenant un couvercle d'étalement de la chaleur protecteur et une résistance d'interface thermique optimale |
PL405037A1 (pl) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-02-16 | Krzysztof Sławomir Bartoszewski | Modularne urządzenie do wymiany ciepła i modularny system wymiany ciepła |
US9593871B2 (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2017-03-14 | Phononic Devices, Inc. | Systems and methods for operating a thermoelectric module to increase efficiency |
US10458683B2 (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2019-10-29 | Phononic, Inc. | Systems and methods for mitigating heat rejection limitations of a thermoelectric module |
KR102115906B1 (ko) * | 2017-02-20 | 2020-06-02 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 제습기 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1011880A (en) * | 1907-04-12 | 1911-12-12 | Albert Baerenklau | Radiator. |
US2068549A (en) * | 1933-05-23 | 1937-01-19 | Servel Inc | Heat transfer system |
US2146148A (en) * | 1937-05-18 | 1939-02-07 | Charles P Knipper | Heating system |
US2246802A (en) * | 1939-05-22 | 1941-06-24 | Kehm | Heating system |
GB764280A (en) * | 1954-02-09 | 1956-12-19 | Benteler Werke Ag | Improvements relating to space-heating equipment |
GB785767A (en) * | 1955-05-21 | 1957-11-06 | Carba Ag | Improvements in and relating to central heating and plant, and methods of operating such plant |
FR2320501A1 (fr) * | 1975-08-05 | 1977-03-04 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif pour le chauffage de batiments |
US4061131A (en) * | 1975-11-24 | 1977-12-06 | Acme Engineering And Manufacturing Corporation | Heat transfer system particularly applicable to solar heating installations |
AT379011B (de) * | 1981-03-13 | 1985-11-11 | Kuebler Gerd Ing | Deckenstrahlungsheizung |
JPS60200030A (ja) * | 1984-03-23 | 1985-10-09 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 蒸気式暖房装置 |
FR2725499B1 (fr) * | 1994-10-10 | 1996-12-13 | Genefreu Soc | Installation de chauffage par caloduc d'un batiment |
-
1995
- 1995-10-13 WO PCT/FR1995/001358 patent/WO1997014002A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1995-10-13 AU AU37496/95A patent/AU3749695A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-10-13 DE DE69511904T patent/DE69511904T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-13 CA CA002235109A patent/CA2235109A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1995-10-13 US US09/043,178 patent/US6006998A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-13 EP EP95935499A patent/EP0855006B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2235109A1 (fr) | 1997-04-17 |
WO1997014002A1 (fr) | 1997-04-17 |
AU3749695A (en) | 1997-04-30 |
US6006998A (en) | 1999-12-28 |
DE69511904D1 (de) | 1999-10-07 |
DE69511904T2 (de) | 1999-12-23 |
EP0855006A1 (fr) | 1998-07-29 |
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