EP0851971A1 - Process and device for preheating the feed water to a steam generator in power station processes - Google Patents

Process and device for preheating the feed water to a steam generator in power station processes

Info

Publication number
EP0851971A1
EP0851971A1 EP96931765A EP96931765A EP0851971A1 EP 0851971 A1 EP0851971 A1 EP 0851971A1 EP 96931765 A EP96931765 A EP 96931765A EP 96931765 A EP96931765 A EP 96931765A EP 0851971 A1 EP0851971 A1 EP 0851971A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
feed water
preheating
exergy
generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96931765A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0851971B1 (en
Inventor
Norbert KNÜWER
Achim Nietzschmann
Wolfgang Urbanczyk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Steag Energy Services GmbH
Original Assignee
Steag Encotec GmbH
Steag GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Steag Encotec GmbH, Steag GmbH filed Critical Steag Encotec GmbH
Publication of EP0851971A1 publication Critical patent/EP0851971A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0851971B1 publication Critical patent/EP0851971B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/40—Use of two or more feed-water heaters in series

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for preheating the feed water of a steam generator in power plant processes, steam being used as bleed steam to raise the temperature of the feed water after partial expansion in a turbine.
  • the invention further relates to an arrangement for carrying out this method.
  • Turbine taps of this type require a considerable amount of production.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving the cost / benefit ratio in the preheating of the feed water.
  • the solution to this problem according to the invention is that at least two partial steam quantities located at different levels of exergy are removed from the power plant process and mixed using a thermocompression process, the partial steam quantity located at a higher exergy level being used as motive steam for drawing in and compressing the partial steam quantity located at a lower exergy level; and that the steam mixture after the thermocompression is fed to a heat exchanger through which the feed water flows.
  • the associated arrangement for carrying out the method is characterized in that steam taps are arranged at at least two spatially separate points in the power plant process, at which partial steam quantities located at different levels of exergy can be found in the power plant process; that the two taps located at different steam exergy levels are connected to a steam jet, the tapping of higher exergy levels being connected to the motive steam connection and the other tap to the suction steam connection of the steam jet; and that the output of the steam radiator is connected to the preheater in order to raise the feed water temperature.
  • This subject of the invention is almost universally applicable.
  • the arrangement according to the invention can, of course, be integrated into newly designed power plants, with suitable selection of the taps and design of the at least one thermocompressor being able to bring the steam jet outlet temperature very close to the maximum permissible pressure of the respective preheater.
  • the efficiency of the feed water heating is correspondingly high.
  • the invention makes it possible to save on expensive HD tapping.
  • the thermal compressors or steam jets used according to the invention can be produced relatively inexpensively.
  • a preferred method of operation is characterized in that the partial steam quantity of a turbine engine, which is at a lower exergy level, tap or a cold reheat (KZÜ) and is mixed under thermal compression with a portion of the steam taken from the steam generator.
  • the steam removed from the steam generator is particularly suitable as motive steam for the thermocompressor or the steam jet.
  • the feed water is preferably preheated in several stages, and the steam mixture is fed to the highest preheater stage after thermocompression.
  • inferior tap steam after thermal compression with KZÜ steam can be fed to a lower stage of the preheater line for preheating the feed water.
  • the operating pressures at the HDV high-pressure preheater
  • the operating pressure in the preheater can be decoupled from the turbine outlet pressure using suitable non-return flaps.
  • Figure la shows a section of the basic circuit of a conventional steam power plant with feed water preheating
  • 1 shows a basic circuit improved by incorporating an exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2a with a section of a conventional base circuit of another steam power plant
  • FIG. 2 shows a power plant arrangement with feed water preheating comparable to the conventional arrangement according to FIG. 2a according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the feed water of a steam generator 1 is extracted from a feed Water tank 4 is conveyed by a feed water pump 5 into a preheating line, designated as a whole, from two successive high-pressure preheaters HDV1 and HDV2.
  • a preheating line designated as a whole
  • the feed water temperature is gradually raised until the feed water reaches the desired temperature at the entry point 7 into the steam generator 1.
  • the outlet steam from a high-pressure turbine 2 which is also referred to as cold reheat steam (KZÜ steam) is used to raise the temperature of the feed water in the last preheating stage HDV2.
  • KZÜ steam cold reheat steam
  • the feed water target temperature is reached.
  • the preceding preheating stage HDV1 is charged with exergetically relatively high-quality tapping steam from tapping A2 of the double-flow medium-pressure turbine 3.
  • Exergetically relatively low-quality steam from a tap A3 is returned to the feed water tank 4.
  • the arrangement according to the invention of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 differs from the conventional arrangement according to FIG. 1 a by a different and cost-damping feed water preheating.
  • the last preheating stage HDV2 is acted upon by a steam mixture from a thermocompressor or steam jet 11 to raise the temperature of the feed water, the driving steel connection 12 of which is supplied with driving steam from a reheating stage of the steam generator 1.
  • KZÜ steam is supplied to a suction connection 13 of the steam radiator 11.
  • the KZÜ steam drawn in via 13 is compressed in the steam jet 11 and mixed with the motive steam from the steam generator 1.
  • the motive steam does not need to be removed from the reheater area of the steam generator 1; instead, the extraction point can be arranged at any suitable point in the steam generator or in the subsequent live steam line 16 in front of the inlet valves of the HP turbine.
  • a second steam jet 31 is provided in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the exergetically inferior steam from the tap A3 of the MD turbine 3 below Use of motive steam is sucked in from the steam generator 1. The resulting steam mixture is used to raise the temperature in the first preheating stage HDVl.
  • the motive steam connections 12 and 32 of the two steam jets 11 and 31 are connected in parallel, while the suction connections 13 and 33 are acted upon with different bleed steam from AI or A3.
  • the conventional basic circuit according to FIG. 2a differs from that according to FIG. 1a by a third preheating stage HDV3 in the preheater line 6 '.
  • HDV3 raises the feed water to the target temperature at inlet 7 of steam generator 1.
  • the third preheater HDV3 is supplied with steam from a high-pressure turbine tap AZ.
  • This conventional design requires high investment costs due to the HD tap AZ.
  • the invention manages with at least a comparably favorable temperature rise of the feed water at the inlet point 7 without HD tap AZ.
  • a suitable circuit arrangement is shown in FIG. 2.
  • thermocompressor or steam radiator 11 correspond to those from FIG. 1.
  • the second preheater HDV1 is acted upon by KZÜ steam from the tap AI.
  • the first preheating stage HDV1 is subjected to energetically inferior tapping steam from the tapping A3 of the MD turbine 3, namely after thermocompression by means of motive steam in a second thermocompressor or steam jet 31.
  • Its output connection 34 is connected to the HDVl connected.
  • the KZÜ steam from the tap AI serves as motive steam.
  • the motive steam connection 32 of the steam emitter 31 and the suction connection 13 of the steam emitter 11 are therefore connected in parallel.
  • the driving steam connection 32 could also be connected in parallel to the driving steam connection 12 in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. 1 and steam from the steam generation line 19 could be applied to it.
  • a safety shut-off valve 18 is connected upstream of the motive steam connection 12 of the steam radiator 11. It protects the preheater HDV2 or HDV3, which is acted upon by the steam jet 11, against impermissible operating states.
  • the operating pressure at the resulting steam jet outlet temperature in the outlet 14 can be approximated to the maximum permissible pressure in the associated preheater (HDV2 or HDV3).
  • the operating pressure in the preheater can be decoupled from the outlet pressure of the HP turbine by means of suitable check valves.

Abstract

A steam mixture from a thermo-compressor (11) is applied to the last preheating stage (HDV2) to raise the temperature of the feed water of a steam generator (1). KZÜ steam (Cold intermediate reheating steam) is fed from an outlet tapping (A1) of the high-pressure turbine (2) to an intake union (13) on the thermo-compressor (11). The operating steam here is steam from the generator (1) with which the KZÜ steam is compressed and mixed. Exergetically lower steam is extracted by a second thermocompressor from a tapping (A3) of a medium-pressure turbine (3) using operating steam from the steam generator (1). The steam mixture obtained is used to raise the temperature of the first preheating stage (HDV1) of the preheating system (6).

Description

Verfahren und Anordnung zum Vorwärmen des Speisewassers eines Dampferzeugers in Kraftwerksprozessen Method and arrangement for preheating the feed water of a steam generator in power plant processes
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Vorwärmen des Speisewassers eines Dampferzeugers in Kraftwerksprozessen, wobei Dampf nach teilweiser Entspannung in einer Turbine als Anzapfdampf zur Temperaturanhebung des Speisewassers verwendet wird. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Anordnung zur Durch¬ führung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for preheating the feed water of a steam generator in power plant processes, steam being used as bleed steam to raise the temperature of the feed water after partial expansion in a turbine. The invention further relates to an arrangement for carrying out this method.
Bei Kraftwerksprozessen ist es bekannt und üblich, aus Turbinenanzapfungen oder aus einer kalten Zwischenüberhitzung (KZÜ) Dampf zu entnehmen und diesen Dampf in Hochdruck- und Niederdruck-Vorwärmern zur Speisewasservorwärmung zu nutzen. Durch diese Art der Speisewasservorwärmung kann die Zufuhr an Primärenergie im Dampferzeuger verringert werden. Allerdings ist die Anzahl der Anzapfungen an der Turbine sowohl aus wirtschaftlichen als auch aus technischen Gründen begrenzt. Die Austrittstemperatur aus dem jeweiligen Speisewasser-Vor¬ wärmer ist begrenzt durch die Sättigungs- bzw. Überhitzungs- temperatur des Anzapfdampfes.In power plant processes, it is known and customary to take steam from turbine taps or from a cold reheat (KZÜ) and to use this steam in high-pressure and low-pressure preheaters for preheating the feed water. This type of feed water preheating can reduce the supply of primary energy in the steam generator. However, the number of taps on the turbine is limited for both economic and technical reasons. The outlet temperature from the respective feed water preheater is limited by the saturation or superheating temperature of the bleed steam.
Wegen der Abhängigkeit der Vorwärmer-Austrittstemperatur vom zugehörigen Anzapfdruck ist es im Stand der Technik insbe- sondere bei hohen Brennstoffkosten erforderlich, an der Hoch¬ druckturbine eine Anzapfung vorzusehen. Derartige Turbinenan¬ zapfungen bedingen einen erheblichen Herstellungsaufwand.Because of the dependence of the preheater outlet temperature on the associated tapping pressure, it is necessary in the prior art, in particular in the case of high fuel costs, to provide a tapping on the high-pressure turbine. Turbine taps of this type require a considerable amount of production.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Ko¬ sten/Nutzenverhältnis bei der Speisewasservorwärmung zu ver- bessern.The invention is based on the object of improving the cost / benefit ratio in the preheating of the feed water.
Ausgehend von dem eingangs genannten Verfahren, besteht die erfindungsgemaße Lösung dieser Aufgabe darin, daß wenigstens zwei auf unterschiedlichen Exergieniveaus befindliche Dampf-Teilmengen dem Kraftwerksprozeß entnommen und unter Verwendung eines Thermokompressionsverfahrens ge¬ mischt werden, wobei die auf höherem Exergieniveau befindliche Dampf- Teilmenge als Treibdampf zum Ansaugen und Verdichten der auf niedrigerem Exergieniveau befindlichen Dampf-Teilmenge verwen¬ det wird; und daß die Dampfmischung nach der Thermokompression einem vom Speisewasser durchströmten Wärmetauscher zugeführt wird.On the basis of the method mentioned at the outset, the solution to this problem according to the invention is that at least two partial steam quantities located at different levels of exergy are removed from the power plant process and mixed using a thermocompression process, the partial steam quantity located at a higher exergy level being used as motive steam for drawing in and compressing the partial steam quantity located at a lower exergy level; and that the steam mixture after the thermocompression is fed to a heat exchanger through which the feed water flows.
Die zugehörige Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an wenigstens zwei räumlich getrennten Stellen des Kraftwerksprozesses Dampfanzapfungen angeordnet sind, an denen auf unterschiedlichen Exergieniveaus befindliche Dampf-Teil¬ mengen dem Kraftwerkprozeß entnehmbar sind; daß die beiden auf unterschiedlichen Dampf-Exergieniveaus befindlichen Anzapfungen mit einem Dampfstrahier verbunden sind, wobei die Anzapfung höheren Exergieniveaus mit dem Treibdampfanschluß und die andere Anzapfung mit dem Saug¬ dampfanschluß des Dampfstrahlers verbunden ist; und daß der Ausgang des DampfStrahlers zur Anhebung der Spei¬ sewassertemperatur mit dem Vorwärmer verbunden ist. Dieser Erfindungsgegenstand ist nahezu universell einsetz¬ bar. Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung kann natürlich von Haus aus in neu konzipierte Kraftwerke integriert werden, wobei durch geeignete Auswahl der Anzapfungen und Auslegung des wenigstens einen Thermokompressors eine sehr enge Annäherung der Dampfstrahler-Austrittstemperatur an den maximal zulässi¬ gen Druck des jeweiligen Vorwärmers erreicht werden kann. Dementsprechend hoch ist der Wirkungsgrad bei der Speisewas¬ servorwärmung. Bei neuen Anlagen ermöglicht die Erfindung die Einsparung einer teuren HD-Anzapfung. Die erfindungsgemäßen eingesetzten Thermokompressoren bzw. Dampfstrahier sind rela¬ tiv kostengünstig herstellbar.The associated arrangement for carrying out the method is characterized in that steam taps are arranged at at least two spatially separate points in the power plant process, at which partial steam quantities located at different levels of exergy can be found in the power plant process; that the two taps located at different steam exergy levels are connected to a steam jet, the tapping of higher exergy levels being connected to the motive steam connection and the other tap to the suction steam connection of the steam jet; and that the output of the steam radiator is connected to the preheater in order to raise the feed water temperature. This subject of the invention is almost universally applicable. The arrangement according to the invention can, of course, be integrated into newly designed power plants, with suitable selection of the taps and design of the at least one thermocompressor being able to bring the steam jet outlet temperature very close to the maximum permissible pressure of the respective preheater. The efficiency of the feed water heating is correspondingly high. In the case of new systems, the invention makes it possible to save on expensive HD tapping. The thermal compressors or steam jets used according to the invention can be produced relatively inexpensively.
Aber auch in bestehenden Anlagen kann der Wirkungsgrad des Wassersdampfkreislaufs durch Einsatz der Erfindung verbessert werden, wodurch Primärenergie eingespart wird. Eine bevorzugte Verfahrensführung zeichnet sich in Weiter¬ bildung der Erfindung dadurch aus, daß die auf niedrigerem Exergieniveau befindliche Dampf-Teilmenge einer Turbinenan- zapfung oder einer kalten Zwischenüberhitzung (KZÜ) entnommen und unter Thermokompression mit einer dem Dampferzeuger ent¬ nommenen Dampf-Teilmenge gemischt wird. Der dem Dampferzeuger entnommene Dampf eignet sich besonders gut als Treibdampf für den Thermokompressor bzw. den Dampfstrahler.But even in existing plants, the efficiency of the water vapor cycle can be improved by using the invention, which saves primary energy. In a further development of the invention, a preferred method of operation is characterized in that the partial steam quantity of a turbine engine, which is at a lower exergy level, tap or a cold reheat (KZÜ) and is mixed under thermal compression with a portion of the steam taken from the steam generator. The steam removed from the steam generator is particularly suitable as motive steam for the thermocompressor or the steam jet.
Vorzugsweise wird das Speisewasser mehrstufig vorgewärmt, und die Dampfmischung wird nach der Thermokompression der höchsten Vorwärmerstufe zugeführt. In Weiterbildung der Erfin¬ dung kann dabei minderwertiger Anzapfdampf nach Thermokompres- sion mit KZÜ-Dampf einer niedrigeren Stufe der Vorwärmerstraße zur Speisewasservorwärmung zugeführt werden.The feed water is preferably preheated in several stages, and the steam mixture is fed to the highest preheater stage after thermocompression. In a further development of the invention, inferior tap steam after thermal compression with KZÜ steam can be fed to a lower stage of the preheater line for preheating the feed water.
Sichert man die Vorwärmer durch Sicherheitsabsperrarmatu¬ ren gegen unzulässige Betriebszustände ab, so können bei bestehenden Anlagen die Betriebsdrücke am HDV (Hochdruckvorwärmer) bei den sich ergebenden Dampfstrahler- Austrittstemperaturen an die maximal zulässigen Drücke sehr eng angenähert werden. Der Betriebsdruck im Vorwärmer kann durch geeignete Rückschlagklappen vom Turbinenaustrittsdruck entkoppelt werden. Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen. In der Zeichnung zeigen:If the preheater is secured against impermissible operating conditions by means of safety shut-off valves, the operating pressures at the HDV (high-pressure preheater) can be very closely approximated to the maximum permissible pressures at the resulting steam jet outlet temperatures in existing systems. The operating pressure in the preheater can be decoupled from the turbine outlet pressure using suitable non-return flaps. Further details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. The drawing shows:
Fig. la einen Ausschnitt aus der Basisschaltung eines herkömmlichen Dampfkraftwerks mit Speisewasser¬ vorwärmung; Fig. 1 eine durch Einbau eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung verbesserte Basisschaltung; Fig. 2a einen Ausschnitt einer herkömmlichen Basis- Schaltung eines anderen Dampfkraftwerks mitFigure la shows a section of the basic circuit of a conventional steam power plant with feed water preheating; 1 shows a basic circuit improved by incorporating an exemplary embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2a with a section of a conventional base circuit of another steam power plant
Hochdruckturbinenanzapfung; und Fig. 2 eine mit der herkömmlichen Anordnung gemäß Fig. 2a vergleichbare Kraftwerkanordnung mit Speise¬ wasservorwärmung gemäß einem anderen Ausfüh- rungsbeispiel der Erfindung.High pressure turbine tapping; and FIG. 2 shows a power plant arrangement with feed water preheating comparable to the conventional arrangement according to FIG. 2a according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Bei der herkömmlichen Kraftwerksschaltung gemäß Fig. la wird das Speisewasser eines Dampferzeugers 1 aus einem Speise- Wasserbehälter 4 von einer Speisewasserpumpe 5 in eine als ganze mit 6 bezeichnete Vorwärmstraße aus zwei aufeinanderfol¬ genden Hochdruck-Vorwärmern HDV1 und HDV2 gefördert. In den beiden Vorwärmestufen wird die Speisewassertemperatur schritt- weise soweit angehoben, daß das Speisewasser an der Eintritts¬ stelle 7 in den Dampferzeuger 1 die Solltemperatur erreicht.In the conventional power plant circuit according to FIG. 1 a, the feed water of a steam generator 1 is extracted from a feed Water tank 4 is conveyed by a feed water pump 5 into a preheating line, designated as a whole, from two successive high-pressure preheaters HDV1 and HDV2. In the two preheating stages, the feed water temperature is gradually raised until the feed water reaches the desired temperature at the entry point 7 into the steam generator 1.
In dem in Fig. la dargestellten herkömmlichen Ausführungs- beispiel wird der Austrittsdampf aus einer Hochdruckturbine 2, der auch als kalter Zwischenüberhitzungsdampf (KZÜ-Dampf) bezeichnet wird, zur Temperaturanhebung des Speisewassers in der letzten Vorwärmestufe HDV2 verwendet. An der Eintritts¬ stelle 7 in den Dampferzeuger 1 wird die Speisewasser-Solltem¬ peratur erreicht. Die vorausgehende Vorwärmestufe HDV1 wird mit exergetisch relativ hochwertigem Anzapfdampf aus der Anzapfung A2 der zweiflutigen Mitteldruckturbine 3 beauf¬ schlagt. Exergetisch relativ minderwertiger Dampf aus einer Anzapfung A3 wird in den Speisewasserbehälter 4 rückgeführt.In the conventional exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 a, the outlet steam from a high-pressure turbine 2, which is also referred to as cold reheat steam (KZÜ steam), is used to raise the temperature of the feed water in the last preheating stage HDV2. At the entry point 7 into the steam generator 1, the feed water target temperature is reached. The preceding preheating stage HDV1 is charged with exergetically relatively high-quality tapping steam from tapping A2 of the double-flow medium-pressure turbine 3. Exergetically relatively low-quality steam from a tap A3 is returned to the feed water tank 4.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung des Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß Fig. 1 unterscheidet sich von der herkömmlichen Anord- nung gemäß Fig. la durch eine andersartige und kostendämpfende Speisewasservorwärmung. Die letzte Vorwärmestufe HDV2 wird zur Temperaturanhebung des Speisewassers mit einem Dampfgemisch aus einem Thermokompressor bzw. Dampfstrahler 11 beaufschlagt, dessen Treibstahlanschluß 12 mit Treibdampf aus einer Nacher- hitzungsstufe des Dampferzeugers 1 beaufschlagt ist. Einem Ansauganschluß 13 des DampfStrahlers 11 wird KZÜ-Dampf zuge¬ führt. Der über 13 angesaugte KZÜ-Dampf wird im Dampfstrahier 11 verdichtet und mit dem Treibdampf aus dem Dampferzeuger 1 gemischt. Der Treibdampf braucht nicht dem Nacherhitzerbereich des Dampferzeugers 1 entnommen zu werden; statt dessen kann die Entnahmestelle an irgendeiner geeigneten Stelle im Dampf¬ erzeuger oder in der nachfolgenden Frischdampfleitung 16 vor den Einlaßventilen der HD-Turbine angeordnet sein.The arrangement according to the invention of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 differs from the conventional arrangement according to FIG. 1 a by a different and cost-damping feed water preheating. The last preheating stage HDV2 is acted upon by a steam mixture from a thermocompressor or steam jet 11 to raise the temperature of the feed water, the driving steel connection 12 of which is supplied with driving steam from a reheating stage of the steam generator 1. KZÜ steam is supplied to a suction connection 13 of the steam radiator 11. The KZÜ steam drawn in via 13 is compressed in the steam jet 11 and mixed with the motive steam from the steam generator 1. The motive steam does not need to be removed from the reheater area of the steam generator 1; instead, the extraction point can be arranged at any suitable point in the steam generator or in the subsequent live steam line 16 in front of the inlet valves of the HP turbine.
Zur weiteren Wirkungsgradverbesserung des Wasser-Dampf- Kreislaufs ist bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 ein zweiter Dampfstrahier 31 vorgesehen, der exergetisch minder¬ wertigen Dampf aus der Anzapfung A3 der MD-Turbine 3 unter Verwendung von Treibdampf aus dem Dampferzeuger 1 ansaugt. Das entstehende Dampfgemisch dient zur Temperaturanhebung in der ersten Vorwärmestufe HDVl. Die Treibdampfanschlüsse 12 und 32 der beiden Dampfstrahier 11 und 31 sind parallel geschaltet, während die Sauganschlüsse 13 und 33 mit unterschiedlichem Anzapfdampf aus AI bzw. A3 beaufschlagt sind.To further improve the efficiency of the water-steam circuit, a second steam jet 31 is provided in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the exergetically inferior steam from the tap A3 of the MD turbine 3 below Use of motive steam is sucked in from the steam generator 1. The resulting steam mixture is used to raise the temperature in the first preheating stage HDVl. The motive steam connections 12 and 32 of the two steam jets 11 and 31 are connected in parallel, while the suction connections 13 and 33 are acted upon with different bleed steam from AI or A3.
Die herkömmliche Basisschaltung gemäß Fig. 2a unterschei¬ det sich von derjenigen gemäß Fig. la durch eine dritte Vor¬ wärmstufe HDV3 in der Vorwärmerstraße 6 ' . HDV3 hebt das Spei- sewasser auf die Solltemperatur am Einlaß 7 des Dampferzeugers 1 an. Der dritte Vorwärmer HDV3 wird mit Dampf aus einer Hochdruckturbinenzapfung AZ beaufschlagt. Diese herkömmliche Ausführung bedingt durch die HD-Anzapfung AZ hohe Investitionskosten. Die Erfindung kommt bei zumindest vergleichbar günstiger Temperaturanhebung des Speisewassers an der Einlaßstelle 7 ohne HD-Anzapfung AZ aus. Eine geeignete Schaltungsanordnung ist in Fig. 2 gezeigt.The conventional basic circuit according to FIG. 2a differs from that according to FIG. 1a by a third preheating stage HDV3 in the preheater line 6 '. HDV3 raises the feed water to the target temperature at inlet 7 of steam generator 1. The third preheater HDV3 is supplied with steam from a high-pressure turbine tap AZ. This conventional design requires high investment costs due to the HD tap AZ. The invention manages with at least a comparably favorable temperature rise of the feed water at the inlet point 7 without HD tap AZ. A suitable circuit arrangement is shown in FIG. 2.
Die Temperaturanhebung geschieht bei dem Ausführungs- beispiel gemäß Fig. 2 in der letzten Stufe (HDV3) mit den gleichen Mitteln wie in der letzten Stufe HDV2 bei dem Ausfüh¬ rungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1. Insofern stimmen die Bezeichnungen des Thermokompressors bzw. DampfStrahlers 11 und der zugehöri¬ gen Anschlüsse 12, 13 und 14 mit denjenigen aus Fig. 1 über- ein.The temperature increase in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 takes place in the last stage (HDV3) with the same means as in the last stage HDV2 in the embodiment according to FIG. 1. In this respect the names of the thermocompressor or steam radiator 11 and the associated connections 12, 13 and 14 correspond to those from FIG. 1.
Der zweite Vorwärmer HDVl wird ebenso wie der entsprechen¬ de Vorwärmer der herkömmlichen Anordnung gemäß Fig. 2a mit KZÜ-Dampf aus der Anzapfung AI beaufschlagt.Like the corresponding preheater of the conventional arrangement according to FIG. 2a, the second preheater HDV1 is acted upon by KZÜ steam from the tap AI.
Auch in dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 2 ist die erste Vorwärmstufe HDVl mit energetisch minderwertigem Anzapfdampf aus der Anzapfung A3 der MD-Turbine 3 beaufschlagt und zwar nach Thermokompression durch Treibdampf in einem zweiten Thermokompressor bzw. Dampfstrahier 31. Dessen Ausgangsan¬ schluß 34 ist mit dem HDVl verbunden. Bei dem Ausführungs- beispiel gemäß Fig. 2 dient der KZÜ-Dampf aus der Anzapfung AI als Treibdampf. Der Treibdampfanschluß 32 des DampfStrahlers 31 und der Sauganschluß 13 des DampfStrahlers 11 sind daher parallel geschaltet. Selbstverständlich könnte der Treib¬ dampfanschluß 32 auch entsprechend der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 1 zum Treibddampfanschluß 12 parallel geschaltet und mit Dampf aus der Dampferzeugungsleitung 19 beaufschlagt sein. In beiden beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfin¬ dung ist ein Sicherheitsabsperrarmatur 18 dem Treibdampfan¬ schluß 12 des DampfStrahlers 11 vorgeschaltet. Sie sichert den vom Dampfstrahier 11 beaufschlagten Vorwärmer HDV2 bzw. HDV3 gegen unzulässige Betriebszustände ab. Bei einem Einbau des beschriebenen Thermokompressors 11 in bestehende herkömmliche Anlagen kann der Betriebsdruck bei der sich ergebenden Dampf¬ strahler-Austrittstemperatur im Auslaß 14 an den maximal zulässigen Druck im zugehörigen Vorwärmer (HDV2 bzw. HDV3) angenähert werden. Der Betriebsdruck im Vorwärmer kann vom Austrittsdruck der HD-Turbine durch geeignete Rückschlagklap¬ pen entkoppelt werden.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 too, the first preheating stage HDV1 is subjected to energetically inferior tapping steam from the tapping A3 of the MD turbine 3, namely after thermocompression by means of motive steam in a second thermocompressor or steam jet 31. Its output connection 34 is connected to the HDVl connected. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the KZÜ steam from the tap AI serves as motive steam. The motive steam connection 32 of the steam emitter 31 and the suction connection 13 of the steam emitter 11 are therefore connected in parallel. Of course, the driving steam connection 32 could also be connected in parallel to the driving steam connection 12 in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. 1 and steam from the steam generation line 19 could be applied to it. In both described exemplary embodiments of the invention, a safety shut-off valve 18 is connected upstream of the motive steam connection 12 of the steam radiator 11. It protects the preheater HDV2 or HDV3, which is acted upon by the steam jet 11, against impermissible operating states. When installing the thermal compressor 11 described in existing conventional systems, the operating pressure at the resulting steam jet outlet temperature in the outlet 14 can be approximated to the maximum permissible pressure in the associated preheater (HDV2 or HDV3). The operating pressure in the preheater can be decoupled from the outlet pressure of the HP turbine by means of suitable check valves.
Im Rahmen des Erfindungsgedankens sind zahlreiche Abwand¬ lungen möglich. In vielen Fällen werden gewünschte Wirkungs¬ gradsteigerungen und die Einsparung von Investitionskosten bereits durch die Verwendung nur eines einzigen DampfStrahlers 11 in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Anordnung erreicht; dabei kann die Dampfbeaufschlagung der vorausgehenden Stufe(n) herkömmlicher Ausführung sein. Auch die Anzapfungen an den Turbinen sind in Fig. 1 nur beispielsweise gezeigt; sie können sich bei bereits existierenden Anlagen nach den baulichen Gegebenheiten richten. Numerous modifications are possible within the scope of the inventive concept. In many cases, desired increases in efficiency and the saving of investment costs are achieved by using only a single steam radiator 11 in the arrangement shown in FIG. 1; the steam application of the preceding stage (s) can be of conventional design. The taps on the turbines are only shown by way of example in FIG. 1; in existing systems, they can be based on the structural conditions.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Vorwärmen des Speisewassers eines Dampfer¬ zeugers in Kraftwerksprozessen, wobei Dampf nach teilweiser Entspannung in einer Turbine als Anzapfdampf zur Temperaturan¬ hebung des Speisewassers verwendet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens zwei auf unterschiedlichen Exergieniveaus befindliche Dampf-Teilmengen dem Kraftwerksprozess entnommen und unter Verwendung eines Thermokompressionsverfahrens ge¬ mischt werden, wobei die auf höherem Exergieniveau befindliche Dampf-Teil¬ menge als Treibdampf zum Ansaugen und Verdichten der auf niedrigerem Exergieniveau befindlichen Dampf-Teilmenge verwen¬ det wird; und daß die Dampfmischung nach der Thermokompression einem vom Speisewasser durchströmten Wärmetauscher zugeführt wird.1. A method for preheating the feed water of a steam generator in power plant processes, steam being used after bleeding in a turbine as bleed steam for raising the temperature of the feed water, characterized in that at least two steam portions located at different levels of energy are removed from the power plant process and are mixed using a thermocompression process, the partial steam quantity located at a higher exergy level being used as motive steam for drawing in and compressing the partial steam quantity located at a lower exergy level; and that the steam mixture after the thermocompression is fed to a heat exchanger through which the feed water flows.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die auf niedrigerem Exergieniveau befindliche Dampf-Teilmenge einer Turbinenanzapfung oder einer kalten Zwischenüberhitzung (KZÜ) entnommen und unter Thermokompression mit einer dem Dampferzeuger entnommenen Dampf-Teilmenge gemischt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam subset located at a lower exergy level is taken from a turbine tap or a cold reheat (KZÜ) and is mixed under thermal compression with a steam subset taken from the steam generator.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Speisewasser mehrstufig vorgewärmt wird und daß die Dampf¬ mischung nach der Thermokompression der höchsten Vorwärmerstufe zugeführt wird.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the feed water is preheated in several stages and that the Dampf¬ mixture is fed to the highest preheater stage after thermal compression.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß minderwertiger Anzapfdampf nach Thermokom¬ pression mit KZÜ-Dampf einer niedrigeren Stufe einer Vorwärmer¬ straße zur Speisewasservorwärmung zugeführt wird. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized ge indicates that inferior bleed steam after Thermokom¬ pression with KZÜ steam a lower stage of a Vorwärmer¬ street for feed water preheating is supplied.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß mit Dampf aus dem Thermokompressionsprozeß höherwertiger Anzapfdampf verdrängt wird.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized ge indicates that higher-quality bleed steam is displaced with steam from the thermocompression process.
6. Anordnung zum Vorwärmen des Speisewassers eines Dampfer¬ zeugers (1) , dessen Dampf in einer nachgeschalteten Turbosatz (2,3) entspannt wird, wobei Dampf aus einer oder mehreren Turbinenanzapfungen und/oder Zwischenüberhitzer-Dampf in wenig¬ stens einen Speisewasser-Vorwärmer (HDVl, HDV2, HDV3), geleitet und dort zur Temperaturanhebung des Speisewassers verwendet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an wenigstens zwei räumlich getrennten Stellen (1,2,3) des Kraftwerksprozesses Dampfanzapfungen (19,AI,A3) angeordnet sind, an denen auf unterschiedlichen Exergieniveaus befindliche Dampf-Teilmengen dem Kraftwerksprozeß entnehmbar sind; daß die beiden auf unterschiedlichen Dampf-Exergieniveaus befindlichen Anzapfungen (19,AI,A3) mit einem Dampfstrahier (11, 31) verbunden sind, wobei die Anzapfung (19) höheren Exergieniveaus mit dem Treibdampfanschluß (12, 32) und die andere Anzapfung (AI,A3) mit dem Saugdampfanschluß (13, 33) des Dampfstrahlers verbunden ist; und daß der Ausgang (14, 34) des DampfStrahlers (11, 31) zur Anhebung der Speisewassertemperatur mit dem Vorwärmer verbunden ist.6. Arrangement for preheating the feed water of a steam generator (1), the steam of which is expanded in a downstream turbo set (2, 3), steam from one or more turbine taps and / or reheater steam in at least one feed water preheater (HDVl, HDV2, HDV3), directed and used there for raising the temperature of the feed water, characterized in that steam taps (19, AI, A3) are arranged at at least two spatially separate points (1, 2, 3) of the power plant process Steam sub-quantities located at different levels of exergy can be extracted from the power plant process; that the two taps (19, AI, A3) located at different steam exergy levels are connected to a steam jet (11, 31), the tap (19) having higher exergy levels with the motive steam connection (12, 32) and the other tap (AI , A3) is connected to the suction steam connection (13, 33) of the steam jet; and that the outlet (14, 34) of the steam radiator (11, 31) is connected to the preheater for raising the feed water temperature.
7. Anordnung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Treibdampfanschluß (12) des Dampfstrahlers (11) mit dem Dampferzeuger (1) verbunden ist, wobei dem Dampferzeuger ent¬ nommener Dampf als Treibdampf dient.7. Arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the motive steam connection (12) of the steam jet (11) with the steam generator (1) is connected, the steam generator ent¬ removed steam serves as motive steam.
8. Anordnung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausgang (14) des DampfStrahlers (11) mit der höchsten Stufe (HDV2;HDV3) einer mehrstufigen Vorwärmstraße (6;6') gekoppelt ist.8. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the output (14) of the steam radiator (11) with the highest level (HDV2; HDV3) a multi-stage preheating line (6; 6 ') is coupled.
9. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß Mittel (18) zum Entkoppeln der Dampfstrahler- anschlüsse vorgesehen sind. 9. Arrangement according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized ge indicates that means (18) are provided for decoupling the steam jet connections.
EP96931765A 1995-09-22 1996-09-04 Process and device for preheating the feed water to a steam generator in power station processes Expired - Lifetime EP0851971B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE19535318A DE19535318C2 (en) 1995-09-22 1995-09-22 Method and arrangement for preheating the feed water of a steam generator in power plant processes
DE19535318 1995-09-22
PCT/EP1996/003869 WO1997011259A1 (en) 1995-09-22 1996-09-04 Process and device for preheating the feed water to a steam generator in power station processes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0851971A1 true EP0851971A1 (en) 1998-07-08
EP0851971B1 EP0851971B1 (en) 2001-12-12

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EP (1) EP0851971B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE210783T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19535318C2 (en)
TR (1) TR199800323T1 (en)
WO (1) WO1997011259A1 (en)

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CN105888753A (en) * 2016-05-16 2016-08-24 长沙湘资生物科技有限公司 Medium-pressure and low-pressure industrial steam supply method and system through medium-pressure and low-pressure communication butterfly valve adjustment and hot press adoption
CN106014499A (en) * 2016-05-16 2016-10-12 长沙湘资生物科技有限公司 High-low-pressure steam source switching system steam-driven water feeding pump based on hot pressing principle and control method
CN105888753B (en) * 2016-05-16 2017-02-22 普瑞森能源科技（北京）股份有限公司 Medium-pressure and low-pressure industrial steam supply method and system through medium-pressure and low-pressure communication butterfly valve adjustment and hot press adoption
CN106014499B (en) * 2016-05-16 2017-08-29 张曙光 High-low pressure vapour source switching system steam feed pump and control method based on hot pressing principle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE210783T1 (en) 2001-12-15
EP0851971B1 (en) 2001-12-12
DE59608461D1 (en) 2002-01-24
DE19535318C2 (en) 1997-11-27
WO1997011259A1 (en) 1997-03-27
DE19535318A1 (en) 1997-03-27
TR199800323T1 (en) 1998-05-21

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