EP0846848A1 - Two-stroke Twin-injector-per-cylinder engine - Google Patents
Two-stroke Twin-injector-per-cylinder engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0846848A1 EP0846848A1 EP97121239A EP97121239A EP0846848A1 EP 0846848 A1 EP0846848 A1 EP 0846848A1 EP 97121239 A EP97121239 A EP 97121239A EP 97121239 A EP97121239 A EP 97121239A EP 0846848 A1 EP0846848 A1 EP 0846848A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- air
- stroke
- injector
- compressed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
- F02B69/06—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different cycles, e.g. convertible from two-stroke to four stroke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
- F02B25/14—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using reverse-flow scavenging, e.g. with both outlet and inlet ports arranged near bottom of piston stroke
- F02B25/145—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using reverse-flow scavenging, e.g. with both outlet and inlet ports arranged near bottom of piston stroke with intake and exhaust valves exclusively in the cylinder head
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
Definitions
- the main characteristic of this engine consists in its being able to operate in a single cycle of only two-stroke phases and with only the exhaust valve.
- the single-stage or two-stage screw compressor assembly - 1 - has been considered, with a transmission ratio, with respect to the driving pulley of the engine shaft and pulling; such as to enable, also by means of the tank - 2 - necessary for a fast start of the engine and for accumulating pressurized air and regulating its delivery, so as to meet the various demands for pressure and volume of air at low and medium r.p.m.
- turbosuperchargers in series - 3 - or a two-stage supercharger.
- the pneumatic system in two-stroke or four-stroke engines equipped with compressed-air injectors comprises also an air intake - 4 - necessary for exploiting the pressure exerted by the atmospheric air after a given speed, conveying it to a choke tube, so as to inject it already with a certain pressure, into the turbosuperchargers, thus improving the efficiency and cooling thereof.
- Other components of the pneumatic transmission are: the non-return valve - 5 -, the air filters - 6 -, the condensate trap - 7 -, the air-inflow regulation valve - a -, some metres of compressed-air piping - 9 -, and possible other items.
- each cylinder of a compressed-air injector enables an increase in efficiency and power in any type of internal combustion engine provided with a compressor with or without tank, or equipped even only with a turbosupercharger or turbointercooler.
- a further improvement in the efficiency and power of the engine is obtained during supercharging effected directly by the injector by eliminating the significant pressure losses and other losses due to friction in the intake pipes and in the intersection with the suction valve.
- the two-stroke twin-injector-per-cylinder engine differs from the traditional four-stroke engine in the following mechanical members:
Abstract
The two-stroke twin-injector-per-cylinder engine is
characterized by the introduction of a compressed-air
supplementary injector which enables the engine to
operate as a two-stroke only engine and with the exhaust
valves alone. This simplification makes it possible to
achieve a higher power compared to the traditional four-stroke
engine. The engine must be provided with a
compressor-tank assembly combined with one or more
turbosuperchargers in series with air intake and choke
tube, a computerized electronic control unit and an
injection fuel pump and electro-injection valves with
different characteristics between Diesel engines and
petrol engines. The materials, pressures, dimensions and
electric wiring schemes adopted are appropriate for any
type of vehicle and for the aforesaid purpose. The
introduction of the compressed-air injector guarantees an
increase in volumetric efficiency and in power of any
type of internal combustion engine provided with
compressor, with or without tank, or even only with a
turbosupercharger or turbo-intercooler.
Description
The main characteristic of this engine consists in its
being able to operate in a single cycle of only two-stroke
phases and with only the exhaust valve.
This technical innovation enables a considerable
increase in power as compared to the traditional four-stroke
engine. But to achieve this result, it is
necessary to calculate precisely the start of the
injection of the fuel as a function of the injection of
compressed air, of the opening of the exhaust valve, of
the pressure, and of the volume of compressed air drawn
into the cylinder (all controlled via the microcomputer
of the electronic control unit) which enables
instantaneous discharge of exhaust gas already in the
expansion-stroke phase which becomes a true exhaust-stroke
phase. The subsequent closing of the exhaust
valve, with the continuation of the admission of the
compressed air during the piston stroke, performs the
necessary suction-stroke phase and enables supercharging
(pressure and volume of the tank in accordance with the
purpose) without any need for suction pipes and valves
and related mechanical items.
To complete the engine cycle there remains only the
compression-stroke phase.
In order to obtain the pressure and flow of air
necessary for charging and supercharging of the engine
in the widest possible range of conditions, the single-stage
or two-stage screw compressor assembly - 1 - has
been considered, with a transmission ratio, with respect
to the driving pulley of the engine shaft and pulling;
such as to enable, also by means of the tank - 2 -
necessary for a fast start of the engine and for
accumulating pressurized air and regulating its
delivery, so as to meet the various demands for pressure
and volume of air at low and medium r.p.m.
On the other hand, in order to meet the need for a
greater air flow at high r.p.m. and during
supercharging, it is necessary to add one or more
turbosuperchargers in series - 3 - or a two-stage
supercharger.
In addition, the pneumatic system in two-stroke or four-stroke
engines equipped with compressed-air injectors
(see diagram of pneumatic system) comprises also an air
intake - 4 - necessary for exploiting the pressure
exerted by the atmospheric air after a given speed,
conveying it to a choke tube, so as to inject it already
with a certain pressure, into the turbosuperchargers,
thus improving the efficiency and cooling thereof. Other
components of the pneumatic transmission are: the non-return
valve - 5 -, the air filters - 6 -, the
condensate trap - 7 -, the air-inflow regulation valve -
a -, some metres of compressed-air piping - 9 -, and
possible other items.
The introduction into each cylinder of a compressed-air
injector enables an increase in efficiency and power in
any type of internal combustion engine provided with a
compressor with or without tank, or equipped even only
with a turbosupercharger or turbointercooler.
In fact, before the bottom dead centre, during the
expansion-stroke phase and as soon as the exhaust valve
is about to start opening, a jet of pressurized air is
drawn into the cylinder by means of the injector; this
jet of air instantaneously increases the pressure and
exerts an active force on the piston, thus
simultaneously facilitating the discharge of exhaust gas
and enabling a reduction in the temperature of the
cylinder during the subsequent exhaust-stroke phase,
with consequent increase in efficiency of the
turbosupercharger and a higher engine power.
A further improvement in the efficiency and power of the
engine is obtained during supercharging effected
directly by the injector by eliminating the significant
pressure losses and other losses due to friction in the
intake pipes and in the intersection with the suction
valve.
The two-stroke twin-injector-per-cylinder engine differs
from the traditional four-stroke engine in the following
mechanical members:
The design of a two-stroke twin-injector-per-cylinder
engine differs from the traditional four-stroke engine
(given the same materials and the same various
machining-production systems) in the following
particulars:
- Cylinder head - with only exhaust ducts and valves and precise positioning of the two injectors so as to ensure maximum engine efficiency;
- Camshaft - with only the cam needed for opening and closing of the exhaust valves according to the emission of fuel and compressed air;
- Exhaust valve - appropriate shape and dimensions to ensure optimal discharge of exhaust gases;
- Single-stage or two-stage screw compressor combined with a tank and turbosuperchargers in series with an air intake and choke tube designed according to the pressure and volume of air required to carry out the engine stroke phases and supercharging in an optimal way;
- Compressed-air tank - necessary for starting and for accumulating volumes of air at high pressure, both for better regulation of delivery and for greater engine efficiency; it also serves as a compressed-air cooler and purifier of certain anti-pollution substances. It is built of galvanized steel and has an accumulation capacity and thickness of metal calculated according to pressure and delivery at low and medium r.p.m.;
- Electronic control unit (with microcomputer) to co-ordinate the engine stroke phases according to start of fuel injection, compressed air, opening of exhaust values, engine r.p.m. power, temperature, etc.
Various tests both in the laboratory and on the road
will lead to continuous improvements and to an ideal
solution.
Claims (6)
- Cylinder head - 13 -, characterized by a single exhaust valve, a double seat for insertion of fuel-injector and compressed air-injector bushings, with mutual optimal positioning;provided with special attachments for fixing of compressor and possible turbosuperchargers, on the cylinder-head side in the position of the intake manifold;material, shape and dimensions identical to those of a four-stroke engine to enable possible replacement using the same engine block (only for engines with camshaft overhead).
- Exhaust valve - 12 - shape and dimensions suitable for facilitating discharge of exhaust gases (operates as an exhaust valve during opening, whereas performs suction-stroke (air-intake) phase and compression-stroke phase during closing of the exhaust duct).
- Camshaft, characterized by a single exhaust cam. The opening/closing of the exhaust valve must be calculated according to the intake of fuel and compressed air so as to obtain an optimal volumetric efficiency;materials - as previous ones, for camshaft
- Electronic control unit with minicomputer - 7which must co-ordinate start of fuel admission according to the start of compressed-air inflow at opening/closing of the exhaust valve, according to the r.p.m. and power required, according to the temperature and pressure, and according to any possible additional item.
- Single-stage or two-stage screw compressor;sizing and delivery to be calculated according to the tank capacity, the pressure, and delivery, at high r.p.m., of the turbosuperchargers, as well as the type of engine;suction from the choke tube set beneath the front cross-members of the bodywork in order to improve cooling of the compressor and to obtain a greater compression, beyond certain speeds;fixed, if possible together with the turbosuperchargers, on the cylinder-head side in the position of the intake manifold;materials and technical and constructional characteristics identical to those of the compressors of the same type.
- Compressed-air injectors, with electrical operation for opening and closing for the compressed air, governed by the electronic control unit. The compressed air is discharged vertically or expands by fanning-out to enable a more uniform cooling and better engine efficiency;screwed into the bushings of the cylinder heads, with dimensions according to the type of engine;materials and technical-manufacturing characteristics similar to those of the injectors of the same type.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITTO960978 | 1996-12-03 | ||
IT96TO000978 IT1302998B1 (en) | 1996-12-03 | 1996-12-03 | TWO STROKE ENGINE AND DOUBLE INJECTOR FOR CYLINDER. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0846848A1 true EP0846848A1 (en) | 1998-06-10 |
Family
ID=11415072
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97121239A Withdrawn EP0846848A1 (en) | 1996-12-03 | 1997-12-03 | Two-stroke Twin-injector-per-cylinder engine |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0846848A1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1302998B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002050409A1 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Zoran Jovanovic | Engine convertible from two-stroke to four-stroke |
GB2425808A (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2006-11-08 | Sergio Gutierrez | Supercharged two-stroke engine with separate direct injection of air and fuel |
CN101929397B (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2013-01-16 | 南安市柳城高捷图文设计工作室 | Two-stroke electronic injection control system |
US9121337B1 (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2015-09-01 | Kan K Cheng | Two-cycle pneumatic injection engine |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1065264A (en) * | 1964-05-15 | 1967-04-12 | Fermo Anthony Bianchi | Internal combustion engine |
FR2233493A1 (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1975-01-10 | Hgn Motoren Gmbh & Co | |
JPS59115428A (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-07-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Two-cycle internal-combustion engine |
US4539948A (en) * | 1984-05-11 | 1985-09-10 | General Motors Corporation | Two-cycle diesel engine and method for methanol and like fuel operation |
EP0222082A1 (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-20 | Man Gutehoffnungshütte Gmbh | Exhaust-driven screw charger |
EP0385189A1 (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1990-09-05 | MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft | Acceleration aid for an exhaust gas turbocharged engine |
JPH07145768A (en) * | 1994-05-09 | 1995-06-06 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Fuel injection device of two-cycle engine |
US5515675A (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1996-05-14 | Bindschatel; Lyle D. | Apparatus to convert a four-stroke internal combustion engine to a two-stroke pneumatically powered engine |
-
1996
- 1996-12-03 IT IT96TO000978 patent/IT1302998B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1997
- 1997-12-03 EP EP97121239A patent/EP0846848A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1065264A (en) * | 1964-05-15 | 1967-04-12 | Fermo Anthony Bianchi | Internal combustion engine |
FR2233493A1 (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1975-01-10 | Hgn Motoren Gmbh & Co | |
JPS59115428A (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-07-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Two-cycle internal-combustion engine |
US4539948A (en) * | 1984-05-11 | 1985-09-10 | General Motors Corporation | Two-cycle diesel engine and method for methanol and like fuel operation |
EP0222082A1 (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-20 | Man Gutehoffnungshütte Gmbh | Exhaust-driven screw charger |
EP0385189A1 (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1990-09-05 | MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft | Acceleration aid for an exhaust gas turbocharged engine |
JPH07145768A (en) * | 1994-05-09 | 1995-06-06 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Fuel injection device of two-cycle engine |
US5515675A (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1996-05-14 | Bindschatel; Lyle D. | Apparatus to convert a four-stroke internal combustion engine to a two-stroke pneumatically powered engine |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 234 (M - 334) 26 October 1984 (1984-10-26) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 095, no. 009 31 October 1995 (1995-10-31) * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002050409A1 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Zoran Jovanovic | Engine convertible from two-stroke to four-stroke |
GB2425808A (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2006-11-08 | Sergio Gutierrez | Supercharged two-stroke engine with separate direct injection of air and fuel |
CN101929397B (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2013-01-16 | 南安市柳城高捷图文设计工作室 | Two-stroke electronic injection control system |
US9121337B1 (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2015-09-01 | Kan K Cheng | Two-cycle pneumatic injection engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ITTO960978A1 (en) | 1998-06-03 |
IT1302998B1 (en) | 2000-10-18 |
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Effective date: 19981211 |