EP0845929B1 - Torche de coupage à plasma d'arc - Google Patents

Torche de coupage à plasma d'arc Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0845929B1
EP0845929B1 EP97120002A EP97120002A EP0845929B1 EP 0845929 B1 EP0845929 B1 EP 0845929B1 EP 97120002 A EP97120002 A EP 97120002A EP 97120002 A EP97120002 A EP 97120002A EP 0845929 B1 EP0845929 B1 EP 0845929B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
torch
sleeve
annular expansion
ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97120002A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0845929A1 (fr
Inventor
Giorgio Bassi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tecmo SRL
Original Assignee
Tecmo SRL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tecmo SRL filed Critical Tecmo SRL
Publication of EP0845929A1 publication Critical patent/EP0845929A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0845929B1 publication Critical patent/EP0845929B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3457—Nozzle protection devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3478—Geometrical details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plasma arc cutting torch, particularly for cutting by thermal plasma generated by an electric arc.
  • torches of the above kind operate by supplying the excitation and ionization energy to the gas whose plasma is to be produced.
  • the gas is passed through an electric arc which is triggered between a negative electrode or cathode and the part to be cut, which acts as an anode.
  • a sleeve which has a nozzle and defines, together with the electrode, a tubular channel which is connected to the supply of the gas whose plasma is to be generated.
  • the sleeve can temporarily act as an anode in order to generate a pilot arc which is suitable to facilitate the starting of the main arc between the negative electrode and the part.
  • the main arc lies, through the nozzle, between the negative electrode and the part, while the gas flows out of the nozzle in the form of a plasma jet which strikes the part at high temperature and high speed.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a plasma torch whereby the problem is effectively solved.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a torch in which the stability of the plasma jet is further improved, so as to ensure a cleaner and more precise cut.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a torch which can operate in less accessible regions and in compliance with safety standards in order to avoid electric shocks to users.
  • the reference numeral 1 generally designates the portion of a torch that comprises the elements meant to generate the plasma jet.
  • the torch part that comprises the handle and the various electrical and pneumatic connections is not shown, since it is fully conventional and known to operators in this field of technology.
  • the portion 1 comprises a central electrode 2, which acts as a cathode and protrudes axially from a cylindrical body 3.
  • a sleeve 4 is coaxially superimposed on the electrode 2 and forms, together with the electrode, an interspace or tubular chamber 5.
  • the sleeve 4 has an end which tapers in a conical fashion and ends with a flattened region 6, at the center whereof a port 7 is provided which makes the sleeve act as a nozzle.
  • the tubular chamber 5 is connected to the supply of a gas whose plasma is to be generated through holes and passages formed in the body 3 and through the torch handle.
  • the sleeve 4 is centered on an insulating ring 8 which is coaxial to the electrode 2, rests thereon and has an outer flange 9 which acts as an engagement element for a locking bush 10.
  • the bush 10 has, at the top, an internally threaded portion 11 which is suitable to couple by screwing on an external thread 12 of the body 3. In this manner, by screwing the bush 10 on the thread 12 it is possible to lock the sleeve 4 against the shoulder formed by the body 3 with the interposition of the ring 8.
  • a tubular chamber 13 is enclosed between the bush 10 and the body 3 and is connected on one side to an air supply and on the other side to a plurality of holes 14 which pass through the inner collar 15 of the bush 10, which engages under the flange 9.
  • the bush 10 is externally covered with a cladding 16 of thermally insulating material and, in a downward region, by a bush 17.
  • the cladding 16 and the bush 17 are anchored to the bush 10 so as to provide a rotary coupling.
  • the bush 17 is externally threaded, and a ring 18 is formed thereon; said ring is an integral part of a tube 19 which coaxially covers the sleeve 4.
  • the tube 19 forms, together with the sleeve 4, a tubular interspace 20 which is connected to the holes 14.
  • the lower portion of the tube 19 is conical, duplicates the conical end of the sleeve 4, and ends with an annular expansion 21 which is concentric to the port 7.
  • the expansion 21 has an edge which protrudes toward the sleeve 4 until it almost touches the flattened region 6 (see figure 4) and surrounds a circular opening 22 which is concentric to the port 7.
  • the tube 19 is completed by a plurality of slots 23, which are provided radially in its portion which is proximate to the annular expansion 21 and are distributed angularly, and by teeth 24 which protrude downward from the annular expansion 21 and form abutments for resting on the part to be cut when using the torch.
  • the air conveyed through the chamber 13, the holes 14 and the interspace 20 flows along the outer surface of the sleeve 4 and effectively cools it.
  • the slots 23 allow the cooling air to flow out radially without affecting the plasma jet projected through the port 7 and the opening 22.
  • the narrow gap that remains between the flattened portion 6 and the edge of the annular expansion 21 that faces it is so narrow that the outflow of air through the opening 22, surrounded by the annular expansion 21, is practically insignificant.
  • the tube 19 does not appreciably increase the size of the sleeve 4 and therefore the torch maintains its operating features even in less accessible regions.
  • Figures 5, 6 and 7 illustrate an embodiment in which the tube 19 has a substantially reduced length.
  • the tube 19 has no slots 22 and is shorter than the sleeve 4, so that said sleeve protrudes downward with respect to the end edge of the tube.
  • FIGS 9 and 10 illustrate two embodiments in which the tube 19, instead of being screwed onto the bush 17, is simply superimposed thereon and retained by friction.
  • the tube 19, instead of the ring 15, has a cup-shaped element 25 inside which there is provided a groove for accommodating a ring 26 made of heat-resistant elastic material which is suitable to produce friction on the bush 17.
  • Figures 11, 12 and 13 are views of three embodiments in which the tube 19, instead of the ring 18, has an external collar 27.
  • the ring constitutes an independent element which, screwed onto the bush 17, engages below the collar 27 and locks the tube 19 against the bush 17.
  • the annular expansion 21 forms an annular cusp 28, which divides the stream of the air that arrives from the tubular interspace 20 into two streams, one stream flowing out through the slots 23 while the other stream flows out through the opening 22.
  • the tube 19 is significantly shorter and the cusp 28 is located at the conical tapering end of the sleeve 4.
  • figure 13 differs from the one of figure 12 in that there are no teeth 24.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Torche de découpe à plasma comportant : un manchon (4) pourvu d'une extrémité sensiblement conique ayant une zone aplatie (6), pourvue axialement d'une sortie (7) destinée au passage d'un jet de plasma ; une électrode négative (2) à partir de laquelle s'amorce un arc électrique, le manchon (4) étant disposé axialement autour de l'électrode (2) de façon à définir une chambre tubulaire (5) à l'intérieur de laquelle circule un gaz, utilisable pour la formation du jet de plasma ; et un tube (19) disposé coaxialement autour du manchon (4) de façon à former un espace tubulaire (20) à l'intérieur duquel de l'air est alimenté, de façon à refroidir le manchon (4), le tube (19) comportant une zone extrême dont la forme conique reproduit la forme conique de l'extrémité du manchon, caractérisée en ce que ladite zone extrême du tube (19) est pourvue d'une pluralité de fentes (23) distribuées radialement autour de ladite partie conique du tube (19) de façon à permettre à l'air de refroidissement de s'écouler radialement sans affecter le jet de plasma projeté par l'orifice de sortie (7), ladite zone extrême du tube (19) se terminant par une extrémité inférieure qui s'étend sous la zone aplatie (6), de façon à former une extension annulaire (21) comportant un bord entourant une ouverture (22) coaxiale à la sortie (7) et sous celle-ci, ce bord de l'extension annulaire (21) se trouvant rapproché et faisant face à la partie aplatie (6) avec un espace restant entre ces parties si faible que le flux d'air de sortie dirigé vers l'ouverture (22) est pratiquement insignifiant.
  2. Torche suivant la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un joint fait d'un matériau résistant à la chaleur qui agit en tant que garniture de façon à bloquer les fuites d'air de refroidissement existant entre la zone aplatie (6) et le bord de l'extension annulaire (21).
  3. Torche suivant la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le tube (19) comporte une bague (18) qui peut être vissée sur un corps cylindrique (17) de la torche.
  4. Torche suivant la revendication 3 caractérisée en ce que le tube (19) peut être pourvu d'un élément (25) en forme de coupe qui peut être disposé sur le corps cylindrique (17) de la torche, une rainure étant formée à l'intérieur de cet élément en forme de coupe pour recevoir une bague (26) réalisée en un matériau élastique résistant à la chaleur apte à créer une friction sur le corps (17).
  5. Torche suivant la revendication 3 caractérisée en ce que lé tube (19) est de plus pourvu d'un bossage externe (27) qui peut être serré contre le corps cylindrique (17) de la torche par une bague (18) qui peut être vissée sur ledit corps (17).
  6. Torche suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des dents (24) disposées sous ledit bord du tube (19) entourant l'ouverture (22), de façon qu'elles s'étendent vers le bas de l'extension annulaire (21) et qui forment des butées pour appuyer la torche, en cours d'usage, sur la partie à découper.
EP97120002A 1996-11-29 1997-11-14 Torche de coupage à plasma d'arc Expired - Lifetime EP0845929B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBO960162U 1996-11-29
IT1996BO000162U IT242449Y1 (it) 1996-11-29 1996-11-29 Torcia per taglio a plasma.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0845929A1 EP0845929A1 (fr) 1998-06-03
EP0845929B1 true EP0845929B1 (fr) 2002-05-22

Family

ID=11341290

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97120002A Expired - Lifetime EP0845929B1 (fr) 1996-11-29 1997-11-14 Torche de coupage à plasma d'arc

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0845929B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69712714T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2174164T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT242449Y1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBO20020297A1 (it) * 2002-05-14 2003-11-14 M P Tec Dispositivo di riscontro per torcia al plasma
CN107835555A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-03-23 深圳市诚峰智造有限公司 一种等离子表面处理装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2275270A1 (fr) * 1974-06-21 1976-01-16 Inst Elektrosvarochnogo Oborud Dispositif pour le travail de materiaux conducteurs au plasma et procede d'utilisation dudit dispositif
DE2642649A1 (de) * 1976-09-22 1978-03-23 Nuc Weld Gmbh Plasmabrenner
US5120930A (en) * 1988-06-07 1992-06-09 Hypertherm, Inc. Plasma arc torch with improved nozzle shield and step flow
DE4018423A1 (de) * 1990-06-08 1991-12-12 Inst Zavaryavane Plasmatron fuer das brennschneiden von metallen
US5247152A (en) * 1991-02-25 1993-09-21 Blankenship George D Plasma torch with improved cooling
DE4234267A1 (de) * 1991-10-14 1993-04-15 Binzel Alexander Gmbh Co Kg Plasmabrennerkopf fuer einen plasmaschweiss- und schneidbrenner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2174164T3 (es) 2002-11-01
IT242449Y1 (it) 2001-06-14
DE69712714D1 (de) 2002-06-27
DE69712714T2 (de) 2002-09-05
ITBO960162U1 (it) 1998-05-29
EP0845929A1 (fr) 1998-06-03

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