EP0844367B1 - Welded rotor for a turbomachine - Google Patents

Welded rotor for a turbomachine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0844367B1
EP0844367B1 EP97810814A EP97810814A EP0844367B1 EP 0844367 B1 EP0844367 B1 EP 0844367B1 EP 97810814 A EP97810814 A EP 97810814A EP 97810814 A EP97810814 A EP 97810814A EP 0844367 B1 EP0844367 B1 EP 0844367B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
cooling medium
web
holes
rotor according
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP97810814A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0844367A1 (en
Inventor
Wilhelm Dr. Endres
Fritz Schaub
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Alstom SA
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Alstom SA
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/06Rotors for more than one axial stage, e.g. of drum or multiple disc type; Details thereof, e.g. shafts, shaft connections
    • F01D5/063Welded rotors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00Function
    • F05D2260/20Heat transfer, e.g. cooling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a welded rotor a turbomachine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the rotor internal Intermediate channels for the flow of the cooling medium in the plane of the radial or quasi-radial Weld seams must have annular cavities, which indispensable for the flow and transfer of the cooling medium to the blades to be cooled are necessary, whereby the type of welding bridging of the radial or quasi-radial welding seams in the area of these Cavities weight the operational quality of such a rotor influence.
  • FR 876.194 describes a welded rotor for a steam turbine or for known a gas turbine.
  • This rotor is made up of rotor disks 1 which are connected to one another by means of weld seams 8 and form the rotor body. Cavities are arranged between these rotor disks Cooling channels 13 are interconnected. The cavities become radial outside through the weld seams 8 and radially inside through the (composite) rotor shaft limited.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention how it is characterized in the claims, the task lies based on one with a cooling medium that is efficient per se propose precautions for the cooled rotor of the type mentioned at the outset, which fix the above disadvantages capital.
  • the leadership is proposed according to the invention of the cooling medium in a gas turbine rotor thus take place let this start from one mostly in the center of the wave at the end of the axial feed radial or quasi-radial lead to the outside, then this cooling medium axially or quasi-axially to the individual feet of the ones to be cooled To make blades flow, and in a similar way and Way backflow until cooling steam emerges from the rotor to be designed so that this coolant outlet preferably is an annular channel concentric with the cooling medium inlet runs.
  • the main advantage of the invention is that even with a disc made of welded together Rotor for a gas turbine cooling with a Amount of steam can be carried out, the cooling circuit is hermetically sealed inside the rotor, and it only through forged material or weld metal.
  • the one in the area of the weld seams existing annular cavities for the Transfer of the cooling medium to the individual to be cooled Blades are made without affecting the mechanical Properties of these weld seams.
  • the Design of these cavities kept so that the continuation the radial or quasi-radial welding seams can be carried out optimally in terms of welding technology.
  • the internal cooling system is therefore tangential Cooling channels are formed which run in the circumferential direction, in such a way that the cooling medium is distributed around the circumference and opens into axial or oblique cooling channels.
  • intermediate ring-shaped cavities are the ones that impose themselves there Bridging and continuing the radial or quasi-radial to accomplish running weld seams with an insert ring, preferably with one in the cavity protruding web is provided.
  • This insert ring takes over then the centering and the radial support at Welding the continuation weld.
  • the bridge points over it holes on the outside, which are on the largest radius of the web and through which the coolant inside can flow through the respective annular cavity.
  • Radial slots catch the thermal expansion of the webs on, using the holes above to drain the condensed water the ends of said slots before stress concentration protects.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that these slits in the web at least the tangential elongation of the same during the start-up process of the system capital.
  • Fig. 1 shows an internal cooling system, as is the case with rotors of turbomachines, in particular of gas turbines for use arrives.
  • the rotor 1 is equipped with blades 2 from a number of welded disks like this the course of the weld seams 6 emerges. Between Blades 2 are guide vanes 3, which are used for Stator belong to this flow machine.
  • a system from flowed with a cooling medium 14 and in the circumferential direction of the rotor 1 distributed channels runs through the axial extent of the rotor 1, such that the rotor blades 2 therefore, by means of appropriately provided branches, either can be cooled in parallel or in series.
  • Fig. 1 shows in this regard, based on the cooling of the blades 2 of a series connection.
  • Main cooling medium cavity 12 branches at least one inflow channel 4 starting from the center of the rotor 1 leads to the outside. In the area of the rotor outer surface 13 for each inflow channel 4, preferably a non-visible one Separator of dust particles assigned. The said inflow channel 4 then goes in downstream of such a separator one running essentially axially or quasi-axially another inflow channel 9 over.
  • This inflow channel 9 ends at the end of the rotor 1 equipped with blades in an internal rotor annular cavity 5, from where via a branch channel 7 a first blade 2 respectively. Blade row is cooled.
  • Cooling medium 14 happens from the cooled blade 2 via a further branch channel 8, which in turn is intermediate into another rotor-shaped annular cavity 5a opens, from here the cooling of the remaining Make blades gradually in an analogous manner goes.
  • This outflow channel 10 then goes in the area of the not visible Separator in a radial or quasi-radial Backflow channel 11 over which the cooling medium 15 to a promotes further, not visible consumers or leads out of the rotor 1.
  • steam is preferably used, for example at a combined system (gas / steam system) in any case sufficient Quantity and quality regarding cooling efficiency available stands.
  • Fig. 2 shows the part highlighted in Fig. 1 in the area of internal annular cavity 5a and that in FIG. 1 not visible continuation of the rotor welding, the through said cavity 5a in a radial course is interrupted.
  • a via weld seams 21 with the rotor 1 connected annular insert ring 20, which is attached from the outside can be with one each in the cavity 5a protruding web 25 provided the centering and radial support during welding.
  • the web 25 of the Insert ring 20 is further provided with holes 22, so that the cooling medium 14 is passed within the cavity 5a can be.
  • FIG. 3 is an axial view of the insert ring according to FIG. 2 and shows the arrangement of the holes 22 for the flow of the cooling medium within the cavity (see FIGS. 1 and 2, Pos. 5, 5a, 5b).
  • These holes 22 are the largest on the outside Radius of the web 25 arranged.
  • Radially extending from the holes 22 Slots 24 protect the webs 25 in particular from tangential thermal expansion occurring during the start-up process as well as in the transient load ranges of the plant. turn the ends of these slots 24 through said holes 22 protected against stress concentration.
  • the insert ring 20 with web 25 consists of at least 2 in the circumferential direction Share what makes them easy to install from the outside, and then lightly together with longitudinal weld seams 23 can be connected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen geschweissten Rotor einer Strömungsmaschine gemäss Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a welded rotor a turbomachine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Bei modernen Turbomaschinen nimmt die Kühlung von thermisch hochbelasteten Aggregaten einen immer grösser werdenden Stellenwert ein. Insbesondere wird hier an die Kühlung des Rotors und der Laufschaufeln gedacht, welche eine grosse Kühlintensität benötigen. Bekanntlich wird nach einer gängigen Methode zu Kühlzwecken ein Teil der verdichteten Luft abgezweigt und nach erfolgter Kühlung wieder dem Arbeitsmassenstrom zugeführt. Da moderne Gasturbinen an sich nur über einen beschränkten Lufthaushalt verfügen, ist diese Luftabzweigung zu Kühlzwecken immer mit einem gewissen Wirkungsgradverlust verbunden. Von daher wird neuerdings vorgeschlagen, die Kühlung der thermisch belasteten Aggregate einer Gasturbine mit anderen Kühlmedien zu bewerkstelligen, beispielsweise mit einem Kühlmedium, das vorzugsweise ohnehin in genügender Menge und Kühlungsqualität zur Verfügung steht.In modern turbomachinery, the cooling takes off thermally heavily loaded aggregates an ever increasing Importance. In particular, the cooling of the Rotors and the blades, which is a big one Need cooling intensity. It is known that a common Method for cooling part of the compressed air branched off and after cooling, the working mass flow again fed. Because modern gas turbines are just about have a limited air budget, this air diversion for cooling purposes always with a certain loss of efficiency connected. Therefore, it is recently proposed the cooling of the thermally loaded units To manage the gas turbine with other cooling media, for example with a cooling medium, which is preferably anyway is available in sufficient quantity and cooling quality.

Bei der Kühlung des Rotors und anschliessender Ueberleitung des Kühlmediums in die Laufschaufeln der Gasturbine muss davon ausgegangen werden, dass in einem solchen rotorinternen Kühlsystem, insbesondere wenn Kühldampf zum Einsatz gelangt, leicht zu stagnierenden Dampfräumen kommen kann, in denen dann zwangsläufig zu Ablagerungen, Kondensat-Ansammlungen beim Anfahren sowie zu Korrosionsprozessen im Stillstand kommen kann. Dies führt dann des weiteren dazu, dass die hoch beanspruchten Teile zu Spannungskorrosion neigen, welche die Verfügbarkeit der Anlage herabmindert.When cooling the rotor and then transferring it of the cooling medium in the blades of the gas turbine must be removed can be assumed that in such an internal rotor Cooling system, especially if cooling steam is used, easily stagnant steam rooms can come in then inevitably to deposits, condensate accumulations come to a standstill when starting off and corrosion processes can. This then further leads to the high stressed parts tend to stress corrosion, which the Reduced system availability.

Die dargelegten Gefahren bei der Dampfkühlung werden dann bei geschweissten Rotoren, d.h. bei Rotoren, die aus zusammengeschweissten Scheiben bestehen, noch akzentuiert, insbesondere, wenn weniger duktile Stähle zur Anwendung gelangen, welche zu Spannungsriss-Korrosion neigen.The risks presented in steam cooling are then at welded rotors, i.e. for rotors that are welded together Discs are still accentuated, especially if less ductile steels are used, which tend to stress corrosion cracking.

Danebst gilt zu berücksichtigen, dass die rotorinternen Kanäle für die Durchströmung des Kühlmediums intermediär in der Ebene der radial oder quasi-radial verlaufenden Schweissnähte ringförmige Hohlräume aufweisen müssen, welche unabdingbar für die Durchströmung und Ueberleitung des Kühlmediums zu den zu kühlenden Lauf schaufeln vonnöten sind, wobei die Art der schweisstechnischen Ueberbrückung der radial oder quasi-radial verlaufenden Schweissnähte im Bereich dieser Hohlräume gewichtig die Betriebsgüte eines solchen Rotors beeinflussen.In addition, it must be taken into account that the rotor internal Intermediate channels for the flow of the cooling medium in the plane of the radial or quasi-radial Weld seams must have annular cavities, which indispensable for the flow and transfer of the cooling medium to the blades to be cooled are necessary, whereby the type of welding bridging of the radial or quasi-radial welding seams in the area of these Cavities weight the operational quality of such a rotor influence.

Aus der FR 876.194 ist ein geschweisster Rotor für eine Dampfturbine oder für eine Gasturbine bekannt. Dieser Rotor ist aus Rotorscheiben 1 aufgebaut, die mittels Schweissnähten 8 miteinander verbunden sind und den Rotorkörper bilden. Zwischen diesen Rotorscheiben sind Hohlräume angeordnet, die durch Kühlkanäle 13 untereinander verbunden sind. Die Hohlräume werden nach radial aussen durch die Schweissnähte 8 und nach radial innnen durch die (zusammengesetzte) Rotorwelle begrenzt.FR 876.194 describes a welded rotor for a steam turbine or for known a gas turbine. This rotor is made up of rotor disks 1 which are connected to one another by means of weld seams 8 and form the rotor body. Cavities are arranged between these rotor disks Cooling channels 13 are interconnected. The cavities become radial outside through the weld seams 8 and radially inside through the (composite) rotor shaft limited.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen. Der Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem mit einem an sich effizienten Kühlmedium gekühlten Rotor der eingangs genannten Art Vorkehrungen vorzuschlagen, welche die obengenannten Nachteile zu beheben vermögen.The invention seeks to remedy this. The invention how it is characterized in the claims, the task lies based on one with a cooling medium that is efficient per se propose precautions for the cooled rotor of the type mentioned at the outset, which fix the above disadvantages capital.

Zu diesem Zweck wird erfindungsgemäss vorgeschlagen, die Führung des Kühlmediums in einem Gasturbinenrotor so erfolgen zu lassen, dass dieses von einer meist im Zentrum der Welle an ihrem Ende erfolgenden axialen Zufuhr radial oder quasi-radial nach aussen zu führen, anschliessend dieses Kühlmedium axial oder quasi-axial zu den einzelnen Füssen der zu kühlenden Schaufeln strömen zu lassen, und auf ähnliche Art und Weise die Rückströmung bis zum Kühldampfaustritt aus dem Rotor so zu gestalten, dass dieser Kühlmedium-Austritt vorzugsweise ein Ringkanal ist, der konzentrisch zum Kühlmedium-Eintritt verläuft.For this purpose, the leadership is proposed according to the invention of the cooling medium in a gas turbine rotor thus take place let this start from one mostly in the center of the wave at the end of the axial feed radial or quasi-radial lead to the outside, then this cooling medium axially or quasi-axially to the individual feet of the ones to be cooled To make blades flow, and in a similar way and Way backflow until cooling steam emerges from the rotor to be designed so that this coolant outlet preferably is an annular channel concentric with the cooling medium inlet runs.

Der wesentliche Vorteil der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, dass selbst bei einem aus zusammengeschweissten Scheiben bestehenden Rotor für eine Gasturbine die Kühlung mit einer Dampfmenge durchgeführt werden kann, wobei der Kühlkreislauf innerhalb des Rotors hermetisch abgeschlossen ist, und er nur durch Schmiedematerial oder Schweissgut führt. Die im Bereich der Schweissnähte vorhandenen ringförmigen Hohlräume für die Ueberleitung des Kühlmediums zu den einzelnen zu kühlenden Laufschaufeln erfolgt ohne Beeinträchtigung der mechanischen Eigenschaften dieser Schweissnähte. Darüber hinaus ist die Ausgestaltung dieser Hohlräume so gehalten, dass die Fortführung der radial oder quasi-radial verlaufenden Schweissnähte schweisstechnisch optimal durchgeführt werden kann.The main advantage of the invention is that that even with a disc made of welded together Rotor for a gas turbine cooling with a Amount of steam can be carried out, the cooling circuit is hermetically sealed inside the rotor, and it only through forged material or weld metal. The one in the area of the weld seams existing annular cavities for the Transfer of the cooling medium to the individual to be cooled Blades are made without affecting the mechanical Properties of these weld seams. In addition, the Design of these cavities kept so that the continuation the radial or quasi-radial welding seams can be carried out optimally in terms of welding technology.

Mechanische Dichtungen werden allenfalls nur bei den Schaufelfüssen vorgesehen, falls die betreffenden Schaufeln auch einer Kühlung unterworfen werden sollten, und darüber hinaus auch im Bereich von Inspektionslöchern oder Staubabscheidern, falls solche betriebsnotwendig sind. Mechanical seals are only used for the blade feet provided if the blades in question also should be subjected to cooling, and beyond also in the area of inspection holes or dust separators, if such are necessary for operation.

Das rotorinterne Kühlsystem wird demnach durch tangentiale Kühlkanäle gebildet, welche in Umfangsrichtung verlaufen, dergestalt, dass das Kühlmedium am Umfang verteilt wird und in axiale oder schräge Kühlkanäle einmündet.The internal cooling system is therefore tangential Cooling channels are formed which run in the circumferential direction, in such a way that the cooling medium is distributed around the circumference and opens into axial or oblique cooling channels.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der intermediären ringförmigen Hohlräume besteht darin, die sich dort aufdrängende Ueberbrückung und Fortsetzung der radial oder quasi-radial verlaufenden Schweissnähte mit einem Einsatzring zu bewerkstelligen, der vorzugsweise mit einem in den Hohlraum hineinragenden Steg versehen ist. Dieser Einsatzring übernimmt dann die Zentrierung und die radiale Abstützung beim Schweissen der Fortsetzungsschweissnaht. Der Steg weist darüber hinaus Löcher auf, welche aussen auf dem grössten Radius des Steges liegen und durch welche das Kühlmittel innerhalb des jeweiligen ringförmigen Hohlraumes durchströmen kann. Beim Einsatz des hier vorzugsweise zugrundegelegten Dampfes als Kühlmittel ist es nicht zu umgehen, dass sich beim Anfahren Kondenswasser bildet, welches durch die genannten Löcher bis zum hinteren Ende des Rotors abgeführt werden kann.Another advantageous embodiment of the intermediate ring-shaped cavities are the ones that impose themselves there Bridging and continuing the radial or quasi-radial to accomplish running weld seams with an insert ring, preferably with one in the cavity protruding web is provided. This insert ring takes over then the centering and the radial support at Welding the continuation weld. The bridge points over it holes on the outside, which are on the largest radius of the web and through which the coolant inside can flow through the respective annular cavity. When using the steam that is preferably used as the basis here as a coolant, there is no avoiding that when starting Condensation forms through the holes mentioned can be discharged to the rear end of the rotor.

Radial verlaufende Schlitze fangen die Wärmedehnung der Stege auf, wobei die oben genannten Löcher zur Abführung des Kondenswassers die Enden der genannten Schlitze vor Spannungskonzentration schützt.Radial slots catch the thermal expansion of the webs on, using the holes above to drain the condensed water the ends of said slots before stress concentration protects.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, dass diese Schlitze im Steg die tangentiale Dehnung desselben mindestens während des Anfahrvorganges der Anlage aufzufangen vermögen.Another advantage of the invention is that these slits in the web at least the tangential elongation of the same during the start-up process of the system capital.

Vorteilhafte und zweckmässige Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemässen Aufgabenlösung sind in den weiteren abhängigen Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet. Advantageous and expedient developments of the inventive Task solution are in the further dependent claims characterized.

Im folgenden wird anhand der Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert. Alle für das unmittelbare Verständnis der Erfindung nicht erforderlichen Elemente sind fortgelassen worden. Gleiche Elemente sind in den verschiedenen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Die Strömungsrichtung ist mit Pfeilen angegeben.In the following, exemplary embodiments are described with reference to the drawings the invention explained in more detail. All for immediate understanding are not necessary elements of the invention been left out. The same elements are in the different Figures with the same reference numerals. The Flow direction is indicated with arrows.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein rotorinternes Kühlsystem,
Fig. 2
eine durch einen Einsatzring gebildete schweisstechnische Ueberbrückung eines rotorinternen Hohlraumes und
Fig. 3
eine axiale Ansicht des Einsatzringes gemäss Fig. 2.
It shows:
Fig. 1
an internal rotor cooling system,
Fig. 2
a welding bridging of an internal rotor cavity formed by an insert ring and
Fig. 3
3 shows an axial view of the insert ring according to FIG. 2.

Wege zur Ausführung der Erfindung, gewerbliche VerwendbarkeitWAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION, INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

Fig. 1 zeigt ein rotorinternes Kühlsystem, wie es bei Rotoren von Strömungsmaschinen, insbesondere von Gasturbinen zum Einsatz gelangt. Der mit Laufschaufeln 2 bestückte Rotor 1 besteht aus einer Anzahl geschweisster Scheiben, wie dies aus dem Verlauf der Schweissnähte 6 hervorgeht. Zwischen den Laufschaufeln 2 sind Leitschaufeln 3 ersichtlich, welche zum Stator ebendieser Strömungsmaschine gehören. Ein System von mit einem Kühlmedium 14 durchströmten und in Umfangsrichtung des Rotors 1 verteilten Kanälen durchzieht die axiale Erstreckung des Rotors 1, dergestalt, dass die Laufschaufeln 2 mithin, durch entsprechend vorgesehene Abzweigungen, entweder parallel oder in Serie gekühlt werden können. Fig. 1 zeigt diesbezüglich, dass die Kühlung der Laufschaufeln 2 anhand einer Serieschaltung vonstatten geht. Aus einem rotorinternen Kühlmedium-Haupthohlraum 12 zweigt mindestens ein Zuströmungskanal 4 ab, welcher zunächst von der Mitte des Rotors 1 nach aussen führt. Im Bereich der Rotor-Aussenfläche 13 wird zu jedem Zuströmkanal 4 vorzugsweise ein nicht ersichtlicher Abscheider von Staubpartikeln zugeordnet. Der besagte Zuströmungskanal 4 geht dann stromab eines solchen Abscheiders in einen in wesentlichen axial oder quasi-axial verlaufenden weiteren Zuströmungskanal 9 über. Dieser Zuströmungskanal 9 endet am Ende des schaufelbestückten Rotors 1 in einen rotorinternen ringförmigen Hohlraum 5, von wo aus über einen Abzweigekanal 7 eine erste Laufschaufel 2 resp. Laufschaufelreihe gekühlt wird. Die Rückströmung des hier eingesetzten Kühlmediums 14, aus der gekühlten Laufschaufel 2 geschieht über einen weiteren Abzweigungskanal 8, der seinerseits intermediär in einen weiteren rotorinternen ringförmigen Hohlraum 5a mündet, wobei von hier aus die Kühlung der verbleibenden Laufschaufeln in analoger Weise sukzessiv vonstatten geht. Aus einem letzten rotorinternen ringförmigen Hohlraum 5b zweigen in entsprechender Zahl axial oder quasi-axial verlaufende Abströmungskanäle 10 ab, über welche das thermisch verbrauchte Kühlmedium 15 zurückgeleitet wird. Dieser Abströmungskanal 10 geht dann im Bereich des nicht ersichtlichen Abscheiders in einen radial oder quasi-radial verlaufenden Rückströmungskanal 11 über, der das Kühlmedium 15 zu einem weiteren, nicht ersichtlichen Verbraucher zurückfördert oder aus den Rotor 1 hinaus führt. Als Kühlmedium 15 soll hier vorzugsweise Dampf zum Einsatz kommen, der beispielsweise bei einer Kombianlage (Gas/Dampf-Anlage) ohnehin in genügender Menge und Qualität hinsichtlich Kühlungseffizienz zur Verfügung steht.Fig. 1 shows an internal cooling system, as is the case with rotors of turbomachines, in particular of gas turbines for use arrives. The rotor 1 is equipped with blades 2 from a number of welded disks like this the course of the weld seams 6 emerges. Between Blades 2 are guide vanes 3, which are used for Stator belong to this flow machine. A system from flowed with a cooling medium 14 and in the circumferential direction of the rotor 1 distributed channels runs through the axial extent of the rotor 1, such that the rotor blades 2 therefore, by means of appropriately provided branches, either can be cooled in parallel or in series. Fig. 1 shows in this regard, based on the cooling of the blades 2 of a series connection. From an internal rotor Main cooling medium cavity 12 branches at least one inflow channel 4 starting from the center of the rotor 1 leads to the outside. In the area of the rotor outer surface 13 for each inflow channel 4, preferably a non-visible one Separator of dust particles assigned. The said inflow channel 4 then goes in downstream of such a separator one running essentially axially or quasi-axially another inflow channel 9 over. This inflow channel 9 ends at the end of the rotor 1 equipped with blades in an internal rotor annular cavity 5, from where via a branch channel 7 a first blade 2 respectively. Blade row is cooled. The backflow of the one used here Cooling medium 14 happens from the cooled blade 2 via a further branch channel 8, which in turn is intermediate into another rotor-shaped annular cavity 5a opens, from here the cooling of the remaining Make blades gradually in an analogous manner goes. From a last annular cavity inside the rotor 5b branches axially or quasi-axially extending in a corresponding number Outflow channels 10 through which the thermal spent cooling medium 15 is returned. This outflow channel 10 then goes in the area of the not visible Separator in a radial or quasi-radial Backflow channel 11 over which the cooling medium 15 to a promotes further, not visible consumers or leads out of the rotor 1. As the cooling medium 15 should here steam is preferably used, for example at a combined system (gas / steam system) in any case sufficient Quantity and quality regarding cooling efficiency available stands.

Fig. 2 zeigt den in Fig. 1 hervorgehoben Teil im Bereich des rotorinternen ringförmigen Hohlraumes 5a und die in Fig. 1 nicht ersichtliche Fortführung der Rotorschweissung, die durch den genannten Hohlraum 5a in radialem Verlauf unterbrochen wird. Ein über Schweissnähte 21 mit dem Rotor 1 verbundener ringförmiger Einsatzring 20, der von aussen angesetzt werden kann, ist mit einem jeweils in den Hohlraum 5a hineinragenden Steg 25 versehen, der die Zentrierung und die radiale Abstützung beim Schweissen übernimmt. Der Steg 25 des Einsatzringes 20 ist des weiteren mit Löchern 22 versehen, damit das Kühlmedium 14 innerhalb des Hohlraumes 5a durchgeleitet werden kann. Die Abführung von Kondenswasser beim Einsatz von Wasserdampf als Kühlmedium muss bis zum hinteren Ende des Rotors 1 gewährleistet sein.Fig. 2 shows the part highlighted in Fig. 1 in the area of internal annular cavity 5a and that in FIG. 1 not visible continuation of the rotor welding, the through said cavity 5a in a radial course is interrupted. A via weld seams 21 with the rotor 1 connected annular insert ring 20, which is attached from the outside can be with one each in the cavity 5a protruding web 25 provided the centering and radial support during welding. The web 25 of the Insert ring 20 is further provided with holes 22, so that the cooling medium 14 is passed within the cavity 5a can be. The removal of condensed water during use from water vapor as the cooling medium to the rear Be guaranteed end of the rotor 1.

Fig.3 ist eine axiale Ansicht des Einsatzringes gemäss Fig. 2 und zeigt die Anordnung der Löcher 22 für die Durchströmung des Kühlmediums innerhalb des Hohlraumes (Vgl. Fig. 1 und 2, Pos. 5, 5a, 5b). Diese Löcher 22 sind aussen auf dem grössten Radius des Steges 25 angeordnet. Beim Einsatz von Dampf als Kühlmittel ist es nicht zu umgehen, dass sich beim Anfahren Kondenswasser bildet, welches ebenfalls durch die Löcher 22 abgeführt werden kann, wobei dieses Kondenswasser bis zum hinterem Ende des Rotors gespült werden muss (Vgl. Fig. 2, Pos. 26). Von den Löchern 22 ausgehende, radial verlaufende Schlitze 24 schützen die Stegen 25 insbesondere vor tangential auftretenden Wärmedehnungen während des Anfahrvorganges sowie in den transienten Lastbereichen der Anlage. Ihrerseits werden die Enden dieser Schlitze 24 durch die genannten Löcher 22 vor Spannungskonzentration geschützt. Der Einsatzring 20 mit Steg 25 besteht in Umfangsrichtung aus mindestens 2 Teilen, womit sie von aussen einfach anzubringen sind, und anschliessend durch Längsschweissnähte 23 leicht miteinander verbunden werden können.3 is an axial view of the insert ring according to FIG. 2 and shows the arrangement of the holes 22 for the flow of the cooling medium within the cavity (see FIGS. 1 and 2, Pos. 5, 5a, 5b). These holes 22 are the largest on the outside Radius of the web 25 arranged. When using steam as Coolant is not to be avoided that when starting Condensation forms, which also through the holes 22nd can be dissipated, this condensed water up to must be rinsed at the rear end of the rotor (see Fig. 2, Item 26). Radially extending from the holes 22 Slots 24 protect the webs 25 in particular from tangential thermal expansion occurring during the start-up process as well as in the transient load ranges of the plant. turn the ends of these slots 24 through said holes 22 protected against stress concentration. The insert ring 20 with web 25 consists of at least 2 in the circumferential direction Share what makes them easy to install from the outside, and then lightly together with longitudinal weld seams 23 can be connected.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Rotorrotor
22
Laufschaufeln blades
33
Leitschaufelnvanes
44
Zuströmungskanalinflow channel
55
Rotorinterner ringförmiger HohlraumAnnular cavity inside the rotor
5a5a
Rotorinterner ringförmiger HohlraumAnnular cavity inside the rotor
5b5b
Rotorinterner ringförmiger HohlraumAnnular cavity inside the rotor
66
Schweissnähtewelds
6a6a
FortsetzungsschweissnahtContinuing weld seam
77
AbzweigekanalAbzweigekanal
88th
AbzweigekanalAbzweigekanal
99
Zuströmungskanalinflow channel
1010
AbströmungskanalAbströmungskanal
1111
RückströmungskanalBackflow channel
1212
Kühlmedium-HaupthohlraumCooling medium main cavity
1313
Rotor-AussenflächeRotor outer surface
1414
Kühlmediumcooling medium
1515
Thermisch verbrauchtes KühlmediumThermally used cooling medium
2020
Einsatzringinsert ring
2121
Schweissnähtewelds
2222
Löcherholes
2323
LängsschweissnähteLongitudinal welds
2424
Schlitzeslots
2525
Stegweb
2626
Abführung des KondensatsDrainage of the condensate

Claims (9)

  1. Welded rotor of a turbomachine, through which rotor a cooling medium (14) flows via inflow and outflow ducts (9, 10) within the rotor, the rotor (1) consisting of a number of discs (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d), and adjacent discs (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) being connected to one another via weld seams (6) running radially or quasi-radially, characterized in that an annular cavity (5, 5a, 5b) within the rotor, through which the cooling medium (14) flows, is arranged in each case between each weld seam (6) and in each case a continuing weld seam (6a) belonging radially outwards to each weld seam (6) and connecting adjacent discs (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d), in that each cavity (5, 5a, 5b) is encased by at least one insert ring (20) running in the circumferential direction, and in that the continuing weld seam (6a) is attached to the insert ring (20).
  2. Rotor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cooling medium (14) is a steam.
  3. Rotor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cavities (5, 5a, 5b) have a greater axial width, as compared with those of the weld seams (6) and of the continuing weld seams (6a).
  4. Rotor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the insert ring (20) has a web (25) which projects into the cavity (5, 5a, 5b) and which assumes the centring and radial support of the continuing weld seam (6a).
  5. Rotor according to Claim 4, characterized in that the web (25) is provided with holes (22) for the throughflow of the cooling medium (14) within the cavity (5, 5a, 5b).
  6. Rotor according to Claims 1 and 5, characterized in that the inflow of the cooling medium (14) into the cavities (5, 5a, 5b) and its outflow have a greater radius from the middle of the rotor (1), as compared with the throughflow plane of the cooling medium (14) through the holes (22) of the web (25).
  7. Rotor according to Claim 5, characterized in that the holes (22) are arranged on the largest radius of the web (25).
  8. Rotor according to Claim 5, characterized in that the holes (22) are tangent, on the outside, to the largest radius of the web (25).
  9. Rotor according to Claim 5, characterized in that the web (25) has, operatively connected to the holes (22), slots (24) directed radially or quasi-radially towards the middle of the rotor.
EP97810814A 1996-11-21 1997-10-31 Welded rotor for a turbomachine Expired - Lifetime EP0844367B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19648185 1996-11-21
DE19648185A DE19648185A1 (en) 1996-11-21 1996-11-21 Welded rotor of a turbomachine

Publications (2)

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EP0844367A1 EP0844367A1 (en) 1998-05-27
EP0844367B1 true EP0844367B1 (en) 2002-04-10

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EP (1) EP0844367B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19648185A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6519849B2 (en) 1998-12-10 2003-02-18 Alstom (Switzerland) Ltd Method for the manufacture of a welded rotor of a fluid-flow machine
US8517676B2 (en) 2009-11-04 2013-08-27 Alstom Technology Ltd Welded rotor of a gas turbine engine compressor

Families Citing this family (8)

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JP4777489B2 (en) * 1997-03-31 2011-09-21 ザ チルドレンズ メディカル センター コーポレーション Nitrosylation to inactivate apoptotic enzymes
US6393831B1 (en) 2000-11-17 2002-05-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Exoskeletal engine
DE10355738A1 (en) * 2003-11-28 2005-06-16 Alstom Technology Ltd Rotor for a turbine
JP5049578B2 (en) * 2006-12-15 2012-10-17 株式会社東芝 Steam turbine
US20090060735A1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 General Electric Company Turbine rotor apparatus and system
US20110262277A1 (en) * 2008-12-18 2011-10-27 Volvo Aero Corporation Gas turbine composite workpiece to be used in gas turbine engine
EP3486430A1 (en) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Integrally formed turbine rotor stage
US10927767B2 (en) 2018-09-24 2021-02-23 Rolls-Royce Corporation Exoskeletal gas turbine engine

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FR876194A (en) * 1939-08-04 1942-10-29 Sulzer Ag Welded rotor for steam or gas turbines
US2369051A (en) * 1942-07-10 1945-02-06 Sulzer Ag Welded turbine rotor
GB612097A (en) * 1946-10-09 1948-11-08 English Electric Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to the cooling of gas turbine rotors
GB646483A (en) * 1948-04-13 1950-11-22 Hubert Thomas Lewis Improvements in and relating to turbine and like rotors
US2637521A (en) * 1949-03-01 1953-05-05 Elliott Co Gas turbine rotor and method of welding rotor disks together
DE4324034A1 (en) * 1993-07-17 1995-01-19 Abb Management Ag Gas turbine with a cooled rotor
US5593274A (en) * 1995-03-31 1997-01-14 General Electric Co. Closed or open circuit cooling of turbine rotor components

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6519849B2 (en) 1998-12-10 2003-02-18 Alstom (Switzerland) Ltd Method for the manufacture of a welded rotor of a fluid-flow machine
US6687994B2 (en) 1998-12-10 2004-02-10 Alstom Technology Ltd. Method for the manufacture of a welded rotor of a fluid-flow machine
US8517676B2 (en) 2009-11-04 2013-08-27 Alstom Technology Ltd Welded rotor of a gas turbine engine compressor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5993154A (en) 1999-11-30
DE19648185A1 (en) 1998-05-28
EP0844367A1 (en) 1998-05-27
DE59706955D1 (en) 2002-05-16

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