EP0843720A1 - Procede de production de compositions tensioactives - Google Patents

Procede de production de compositions tensioactives

Info

Publication number
EP0843720A1
EP0843720A1 EP96927648A EP96927648A EP0843720A1 EP 0843720 A1 EP0843720 A1 EP 0843720A1 EP 96927648 A EP96927648 A EP 96927648A EP 96927648 A EP96927648 A EP 96927648A EP 0843720 A1 EP0843720 A1 EP 0843720A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surfactant
anhydrous
neutralizing agent
anionic
alcohol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP96927648A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Christian Raths
Rainer Rüben
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Publication of EP0843720A1 publication Critical patent/EP0843720A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
    • C11D11/04—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents by chemical means, e.g. by sulfonating in the presence of other compounding ingredients followed by neutralising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the anhydrous production of liquid surfactant compositions which contain anionic and nonionic surfactants in high concentrations and to a neutralizing agent which can be used for the production of such surfactant compositions, and a process for the production thereof.
  • surfactant compositions which contain anionic and / or non-ionic surfactants which are added to the usual constituents of detergents or cleaning agents by direct admixing have the desired compact processed.
  • the surfactant compositions themselves should be as concentrated as possible, i.e. free of undesirable substances, e.g. Be water.
  • Removing water from raw materials involves expensive and energy-intensive process steps.
  • an inexpensive, low-water detergent or cleaning agent raw material e.g. a surfactant composition
  • a surfactant composition can be used to use other raw materials with higher water contents, which are often available at lower costs.
  • low-water surfactant compositions which contain alkyl sulfates as anionic surfactants have an increased storage stability, since the hydrolysis of the sulfuric acid semiesters proceeds more slowly.
  • Anionic surfactant pastes which are obtained after SO 3 sulfonation and subsequent neutralization, can only contain certain maximum proportions of active substance, since otherwise highly viscous structures are formed which are difficult to process.
  • additives on nonionic surfactants are used as rheological additives.
  • US Pat. No. 5,281,366 describes a process for producing a surfactant composition from secondary alkyl sulfates and nonionic surfactants, the crude product obtained by sulfation with sulfuric acid being neutralized and hydrolyzed with a mixture of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and a nonionic surfactant, and so on the mixture obtained is then freed of water in a thin film evaporator.
  • the water content of the surfactant compositions thus obtained is between 2 and 5% by weight.
  • the anionic surfactant content is stated to be 19 to 48% by weight.
  • the process is energy and time consuming.
  • Application EP 507402 discloses a continuous process in which the acidic precursor of the anionic surfactant is simultaneously mixed with nonionic surfactants and 50% by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution after the sulfonation.
  • the product obtained in this way has a water content of between 6 and 12% by weight and an anionic surfactant content of 30 to 58% by weight.
  • a disadvantage of this process is the relatively high water content of the surfactant mixtures, which leads to viscous products which are more difficult to process.
  • the object of the invention was to provide a simple process for the anhydrous production of highly concentrated surfactant compositions which contain anionic and nonionic surfactants.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a process for the anhydrous production of liquid surfactant compositions which contain anionic and nonionic surfactants, an anhydrous neutralizing agent being dissolved or dispersed in a nonionic surfactant and the acidic precursor of an anionic surfactant being neutralized with this solution or dispersion.
  • anhydrous production means that water does not have to be added in any step.
  • Anhydrous neutralizing agent means that the agent contains at most 5% by weight of water.
  • the water content of the surfactant composition comes exclusively from the water content of the raw materials used and the water generated during neutralization.
  • the principle of the present invention is to react acidic preforms of anionic surfactants, which are preferably obtained by gas sulfation, with an anhydrous neutralizing agent which is present as a solution or dispersion in a nonionic surfactant.
  • the present invention further provides an anhydrous neutralizing agent which is dissolved or dispersed in the amount necessary for neutralization in a liquid nonionic surfactant.
  • This agent is preferably obtained by adding the anhydrous neutralizing agent to the liquid nonionic surfactant heated to 40 to 60 ° C.
  • any anhydrous alkaline substance which is soluble in or can be dispersed in nonionic surfactants can be used as the neutralizing agent.
  • An alkali metal hydroxide, in particular sodium hydroxide, is preferably used.
  • other conventional neutralizing agents can also be used, for example soda or ammonium carbonate and amines.
  • the nonionic surfactants used are alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having, for example, 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or methyl-branched in the 2-position or can contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals.
  • alcohol ethoxylates with linear residues from alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 C atoms, e.g. from coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol can be used.
  • the ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, Ci2-Ci4 alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, Cg-Cn alcohols with 7 EO, Ci3-Ci5 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, Ci2-Ci8 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of Ci2 ⁇ Ci4 alcohol with 3 EO and C j 2-Ci8 alcohol with 5 EO.
  • the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product.
  • Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). These are used with particular advantage since the NREs contain only a small proportion of non-ethoxylated alcohol.
  • nonionic surfactant with a low proportion of free alcohol for example a mixture of a Ci2-Ci8 alkyl sulfate and a Ci2-Ci8 alcohol ethoxylate
  • an anionic surfactant with a higher proportion of free alcohol can be used Unsulfated alcohol can be tolerated without the finished composition having a problematic alcohol content.
  • the process according to the invention for producing this surfactant composition can then advantageously be carried out in such a way that milder sulfonation conditions are selected in the synthesis of the sulfuric acid half-ester.
  • the sulfonation products then have an increased proportion of unsulfonated alcohol or unsulfonated alcohol ethoxylate, but have a lighter color and a better odor. Therefore, in the process according to the invention, when using non-ionic surfactants of the NRE type in the sulfonation, an alcohol: SO3 ratio of 1: 1 can be set, or a deficit of SO3 can be used.
  • the acidic anionic surfactant preforms are preferably produced by SO 3 gas sulfation, with gas sulfation in a falling film reactor being particularly preferred.
  • a description of falling film reactors can be found e.g. in Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, vol. 22, pages 29 to 39.
  • the solution of the neutralizing agent in a nonionic surfactant is then transferred to the reaction vessel, where the gas sulfation product is introduced and the neutralization reaction takes place.
  • the process according to the invention for producing the surfactant composition can be operated batchwise or continuously, the acidic anionic surfactant preform being added to a solution or dispersion of a neutralizing agent in a nonionic surfactant with stirring and temperature control. This process is preferably carried out continuously, for example in a loop reactor as described, for example, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edition, Vol. 4B, pages 172-176.
  • the temperature during the neutralization reaction should not exceed 80 ° C, otherwise hydrolysis products with a higher sodium sulfate content are obtained. Temperatures between 20 and 80 ° C., in particular between 20 and 45 ° C., are therefore preferred.
  • the surfactant compositions produced by the process according to the invention contain anionic surfactants, for example those of the sulfonate and sulfate type.
  • Suitable surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably Cg-Ci j alkyl benzene sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkane sulfonates and disulfonates are contemplated.
  • ⁇ -sulfofatty acids and ⁇ -sulfofatty acid esters can be used.
  • Surfactants of the sulfate type such as the sulfuric acid monoesters from primary alcohols of natural and synthetic origin, in particular from fatty alcohols, for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow alcohol, oleyl alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol, or the C ⁇ o-C20 " 0 alcohols and those of secondary alcohols of this chain length are particularly preferred, and the sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C7-C2i alcohols ethoxylated with 1 to 8 mol of ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl-branched Cg-C j i Alcohols with an average of 3.5 moles of ethylene oxide (E0) or Ci2-Ci8 fatty alcohols m, ⁇ 1 to 4 E0 are suitable, and mixtures of anionic surfactants can also be used.
  • fatty alcohols for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow alcohol, oleyl alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or
  • the products which are produced by the process according to the invention are distinguished by a very low water content, which is less than 5% by weight and preferably less than 3% by weight.
  • the process according to the invention leads to surfactant compositions with a proportion of anionic surfactants from 10 to 80% by weight, preferably from 30 to 60% by weight and a proportion of nonionic surfactants from 20 to 90% by weight, preferably from 40 to 70 % By weight, the respective proportions being freely selectable or freely adjustable.
  • the compositions according to the invention are liquid and readily pumpable at 40 to 60 ° C. and can also be sprayed in liquid form onto suitable carrier materials. Furthermore, the surfactant compositions according to the invention can be incorporated into washing and cleaning agents in a known manner.
  • the following mixtures of fatty alcohol sulfate (FAS) and nonionic surfactant were prepared by gas sulfonation in a falling film reactor and subsequent batch-wise neutralization in a loop reactor.
  • the neutralizing agent was prepared by stirring the powdered sodium hydroxide into the nonionic surfactant (dehydol LT7 ( R ), C12-C18 fatty alcohol - commercial product from Henkel) at 50 to 55 ° C.
  • a Ci2-Ci8 fatty alcohol was sulfated in a falling film reactor at 60 ° C in the usual way.
  • the crude half-sulfuric acid was stirred directly into the neutralization medium. A temperature between 20 and 45 ° C.
  • the amounts missing at 100% by weight relate to unsulfated alcohol.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention vise à mettre au point un procédé de production de compositions tensioactives contenant des tensioactifs anioniques et non ioniques. Dans un processus se déroulant de préférence en continu, un acide tensioactif anionique est neutralisé avec une solution ou une dispersion d'un agent de neutralisation exempt d'eau, en un tensioactif non ionique. Les mélanges tensioactifs ainsi obtenus se caractérisent par une basse teneur en eau, avec une part élevée de tensioactifs anioniques et non ioniques.
EP96927648A 1995-08-09 1996-08-01 Procede de production de compositions tensioactives Ceased EP0843720A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19529232 1995-08-09
DE1995129232 DE19529232A1 (de) 1995-08-09 1995-08-09 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tensidzusammensetzungen
PCT/EP1996/003385 WO1997006236A1 (fr) 1995-08-09 1996-08-01 Procede de production de compositions tensioactives

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0843720A1 true EP0843720A1 (fr) 1998-05-27

Family

ID=7769052

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96927648A Ceased EP0843720A1 (fr) 1995-08-09 1996-08-01 Procede de production de compositions tensioactives

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0843720A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19529232A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997006236A1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997000938A1 (fr) * 1995-06-20 1997-01-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Compositions detergentes liquides non aqueuses contenant des particules et un agent tensioactif a base de sulfonate de benzene d'alkyle

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3031409A (en) * 1958-10-27 1962-04-24 B T Babbitt Inc Aerosol oven cleanser
US4464292A (en) * 1981-01-02 1984-08-07 Lengyel Stephen P Mixed ethoxylated alcohol/ethoxy sulfate surfactants and synthetic detergents incorporating the same
KR910004791A (ko) * 1989-08-31 1991-03-29 오노 알버어스 액체 계면 활성 조성물 및 그의 제조방법
US5008029A (en) * 1989-11-20 1991-04-16 Block Drug Company Inc. Delayed action drain cleaner compositions
GB9107092D0 (en) * 1991-04-04 1991-05-22 Unilever Plc Process for preparing detergent compositions
US5281366A (en) * 1992-09-17 1994-01-25 Shell Oil Company Process for the preparation of secondary alkyl sulfate-containing surfactant compositions

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997000938A1 (fr) * 1995-06-20 1997-01-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Compositions detergentes liquides non aqueuses contenant des particules et un agent tensioactif a base de sulfonate de benzene d'alkyle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1997006236A1 (fr) 1997-02-20
DE19529232A1 (de) 1997-02-13

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