EP0840343B1 - Dispositif de commande pour un interrupteur électrique et procédé pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande pour un interrupteur électrique et procédé pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0840343B1
EP0840343B1 EP19970203319 EP97203319A EP0840343B1 EP 0840343 B1 EP0840343 B1 EP 0840343B1 EP 19970203319 EP19970203319 EP 19970203319 EP 97203319 A EP97203319 A EP 97203319A EP 0840343 B1 EP0840343 B1 EP 0840343B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
yoke
control unit
leg
unit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19970203319
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0840343A1 (fr
Inventor
Maarten Groenenboom
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Danfoss Power Solutions II BV
Original Assignee
Holec Holland NV
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Holec Holland NV filed Critical Holec Holland NV
Publication of EP0840343A1 publication Critical patent/EP0840343A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0840343B1 publication Critical patent/EP0840343B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/321—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H01H71/323—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements with rotatable armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control unit for an electric switch, comprising a yoke of magnetic material which consists of a base part and two legs which extend at a distance from each other and in the same direction from the base part, and at right angles thereto, an armature made of magnetic material which bridges the free ends of the yoke legs and is movably supported, a permanent magnet which is fitted in such a way that the magnetic lines of flux run through the armature and the yoke, a coil fitted on the yoke, and spring means which at one side act upon an armature part extending beyond a yoke leg face which faces away from the other yoke leg, the armature being able to assume a first position under the influence of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, against the spring force of the spring means, and being able to assume a second position under the influence of the magnetic field created by an electric current which flows through the coil and exceeds a preset limit value, whereby at the other side the spring means act upon a
  • Such a control unit is known from DE-A-1.564.531.
  • This known control unit can be regarded as a sensitive electromechanical energy converter which can be used for controlling the mechanism of an electric switch or for unlocking the mechanism of an earth leakage switch.
  • the armature In the non-activated operating state, under the influence of the permanent magnet, the armature is held in the first position against the force effect of the spring means, in which position, for example in the case of an electric switch, the latter can be moved into the conducting state by means of the control unit. If the coil fitted on the yoke is excited by an electric voltage or current, a magnetic field is created, opposed to the effect of the magnetic field created in the yoke by the permanent magnet, with the result that the armature is taken into its second position, under the influence of said magnetic field and of the force effect of the spring means. This occurs if the electric current flowing through the coil exceeds a preset limit value.
  • the appropriate switch to be controlled is taken into the non-conducting state.
  • this will be the case, for example, when earth fault currents occur or when a current to be monitored exceeds a predetermined maximum value in an electrical installation.
  • separate means can be used, for example an electronic switch designed for this purpose, by means of which the coil of the control unit can be excited, in order to take the armature into the second position.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a control unit of the type mentioned in the preamble which is simple in design and is easy to produce and assemble, while the limit value to be preset for the electric current flowing through the coil is accurately defined and/or is easy to set.
  • the armature and yoke are made of a flat sheet of magnetic material.
  • the armature and the yoke are made of flat and plane magnetic conducting material, so that they can be punched in a simple manner out of a sheet or strip of high-grade magnetic conducting material. There is no need for bending, and the accuracy of the punching simplifies the grinding of the contact faces which is necessary for good functioning. Moreover, the design makes it possible to grind several yokes or armatures simultaneously. Owing to the flat construction of the armature, the latter can also be guided in all directions through the housing, without the danger of tilting. Furthermore, the choice of the point of action of the spring on the yoke has the added advantage that during punching of the yoke the point of action is ready immediately, and no additional processing step is now necessary.
  • a control unit comprising an armature and yoke made of a sheet of magnetic material, however, the yoke is bended finally.
  • a stop for the armature in the second position is formed by an opposite wall of the housing, i.e. the wall in the direction of which the end of the armature is moved from the first position away from the corresponding yoke leg to the second position.
  • the point of action of the spring means on the projecting armature part is situated at a greater distance from the yoke than the face of the armature facing away from the yoke. Owing to the fact that this point of action is placed at a greater distance from the face of the armature facing away from the yoke, a relatively flat force-travel characteristic of the spring means during the movement of the armature from the first to the second position, and vice versa, is achieved.
  • the abovementioned greater distance is preferably obtained by the projecting armature part being situated at an angle relative to the armature.
  • the advantage achieved here is that the point of action is shifted without increasing the mass of the armature. This is important for reducing the sensitivity to shock.
  • one yoke leg is broader than the other and in the direction of the armature merges into a narrower part, in order to form an accommodation space for the permanent magnet.
  • the design of the yoke can be selected to a large degree as desired. This means that it is simple to adapt the accommodation space for the permanent magnet to the dimensions of said magnet.
  • the limit value of the current flowing through the coil of the control unit can be defined accurately by said accommodation space being dimensioned in such a way that the permanent magnet can be slid towards and away from the narrowed leg, in order to make an accurate fine adjustment of the abovementioned limit value.
  • the magnetically effective surface of said armature is limited in the lengthwise and breadthwise direction of the armature in such a way that said surface corresponds to the end surface of the corresponding yoke leg facing the armature.
  • This limitation is preferably achieved by providing the armature at the side facing the yoke legs with a recess which is situated between the yoke legs and adjoins the yoke leg away from which the armature can be moved.
  • the invention further relates to a method for manufacturing the control unit described above, in which the armature and the yoke are punched out of a sheet of magnetic conducting material, the armature, the yoke, the coil and the permanent magnet are assembled, the spring means are attached to the armature and the yoke, and in which the entire assembly of armature, yoke, coil, magnet and spring means is fitted in the housing, and the housing cover is fixed on the housing.
  • the embodiment of the control unit 1 according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 is accommodated in a housing 2 and comprises a yoke 3 and an armature 4.
  • the yoke 3 is substantially U-shaped and consists of a base part 5 and two yoke legs 6, 7.
  • the armature 4 bridges the yoke legs 6 and 7 and is rotatable in the direction of the arrow P about the pivot point 8.
  • a coil 9 is fitted around the yoke leg 6, to which coil an electric current can be supplied by connecting an electric voltage thereto.
  • the control unit also comprises a spring 10, one end of which is attached to an armature part 11, while the other end of the spring 10 is attached to the yoke projection 12.
  • the magnetic field created by the electric current flowing through the coil 9 is oriented in such a way that the force on the armature created by the magnetic field and the spring force of the spring 10 exerted thereon interact in order to make the armature pivot in the direction of the arrow P about the pivot point 8.
  • a permanent magnet 13 is also present, the lines of flux of which magnet run through the armature and yoke, which lines of flux are, however, directed in the opposite direction to that of the magnetic lines of flux which are created by the electric current flowing through the coil 9.
  • the armature 4 If no current is flowing through the coil 9, the armature 4 is pressed by the permanent magnet 13 against the spring force of the spring 10 onto the end faces of the yoke legs 6 and 7, and said armature is therefore situated in a first position. However, as soon as the electric current flowing through the coil 9 exceeds a preset limit value, the armature 4 is pivoted in the direction of the arrow P about the pivot point 8, in which case the spring force of the spring 10 and the magnetic field created by the current interact in an opposing manner to the influence of the permanent magnet 13 upon the armature 4. The armature 4 then goes into its second position, in which the control pin 14 is driven in the upward direction, in order to take the mechanism of a controllable switch (not shown), for example an overflow switch or earth leakage switch, into a predetermined position.
  • a controllable switch not shown
  • the yoke 3 and the armature 4 are preferable punched out of a sheet or strip of high-grade conducting magnetic material. Owing to the fact that during the punching the yoke 3 is directly provided with a projection 12 which serves as a point of action, the control unit can be placed as a whole in the housing 2 after said control unit has been assembled, i.e. after the coil 9 and the permanent magnet 13 have been fitted on the yoke and the armature 4 has been placed on the end faces of the yoke legs 6 and 7, and after the spring 10 has been placed in position.
  • the manufacture and assembly of the control unit are thus very simple, while both prior to and after the placing of the control unit in the housing said control unit can be accurately set as regards the preset limit value for the electric current flowing through the coil.
  • Said limit value can be set by suitably choosing the spring characteristic and the spring force of the spring 10 in the first position of the armature 4.
  • An alternative setting of the above limit value can be made by grinding the face 15 of the yoke leg 7, so that the gap between magnet 13 and the armature 4 can be set accurately, while the abovementioned limit value can also be set by sliding the permanent magnet 13 away from and towards the narrowed part 16 of the yoke leg 7.
  • the permanent magnet 13 can be fixed on the face 15 of the yoke leg 7 by means of an adhesive. However, if the permanent magnet 13 is placed loose on the face 15 of the yoke leg 7, the housing 2 can be provided with stops (not shown) which prevent the permanent magnet 13 from moving when electric current is being supplied to the coil 9 and when shocks occur.
  • the dimensions of the armature and the housing are preferably selected in such a way that in the second position a stop is formed by the opposite wall 17 of the housing, so that a separate stop need not be used.
  • Fig. 3 the embodiment of the invention is shown in the form of loose parts.
  • the yoke 3 consists of a base part 5 and the yoke legs 6 and 7.
  • the yoke leg 7 has a narrowed end 16 for forming an accommodation space for the magnet 13.
  • the yoke 3 is also provided with a yoke projection 12.
  • the armature 4 with the armature part 11 serving as the point of action and the yoke 3 in the described form are punched out of a sheet or strip of high-grade magnetic conducting material. There is therefore no need for deformation, for example by bending.
  • the precision of the punching further simplifies the grinding of the contact faces between armature and yoke and between magnet and yoke, which is necessary for good functioning.
  • the design makes it possible to grind several yokes or armatures simultaneously. Owing to the flat construction of the control unit, the armature can be guided in a simple manner in all directions through guide corrugations (not shown) of the housing, without danger of tilting.
  • the previously manufactured coil 9 is placed on the yoke leg 6 of the finished yoke, and the magnet 13 is fitted in the accommodation space designed for it and held securely on the yoke by the magnetic field thereby created.
  • the armature 4 is then placed on the end faces of the yoke leg 6 and of the narrowed end part 16 of the yoke leg 7.
  • the control unit assembled in this way can be set without further aids, while the armature 4 pivots on the pivot point 8 during the setting action (see Fig. 1).
  • a clean roll-off of the armature 4 is achieved, taking the end of the armature 4 clear of the stop.
  • the position of the point of action of the spring force on the armature is determined in such a way that the couple caused by the spring remains accurately constant.
  • the assembled control unit is then placed in the housing 2, after the control pin 14 has been inserted in the hole intended for it in the wall of the housing 2.
  • the cover 22 is subsequently fixed on the housing. All in all, the manufacture and assembly of the control unit with the housing 2 is greatly simplified.
  • a compression spring can also be used, which spring acts upon points of armature 4 and yoke 5 to be specified further.
  • Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the control unit according to the invention.
  • the point of action 18 of the spring 10 in this embodiment is moved much higher up, i.e. the point of action 18 is situated much higher up than the pivot point 8 of the armature 4. Moving the point of action 18 of the spring 10 up means that the force-travel characteristic of the spring in the control process (tripping) is flatter.
  • Said point of action is preferably placed further up without increasing the mass of the armature.
  • the latter is of importance for better shock resistance of the control unit.
  • the point of action 18 is advantageously and simply produced by the armature part 11 of the armature 4 being situated at an angle relative to the armature 4.
  • the magnetically effective surface of the armature end is limited in such a way in the lengthwise and breadthwise direction of the armature 4 that said surface corresponds to the end face of the yoke leg 7 facing the armature, in particular the narrowed end part 16 of the yoke leg 7.
  • This limitation is achieved in a simple way by providing the armature with a recess 21 which adjoins the narrowed end part 16 of the yoke leg 7.
  • the result of the pole shoe thus formed is that the magnetic lines of flux do not fan out as rapidly when the armature 4 is taken into its second position, so that the control unit is more tolerant as regards air gaps. This is important in particular when corrosion-resistant covering layers are being applied to the pole faces, in connection with the thickness(es) thereof.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Unité de commande pour un commutateur électrique, comprenant une culasse (3) en matériau magnétique qui est constituée par une partie de base (5) et deux pattes (6, 7) qui s'étendent à une certaine distance l'une de l'autre et dans la même direction à partir de la partie de base (5), et à angle droit par rapport à celle-ci, une palette (4) réalisée en matériau magnétique qui ponte les extrémités libres des pattes de culasse (6, 7) et qui est supportée de façon à pouvoir se déplacer, un aimant permanent (13) qui est disposé de telle sorte que les lignes de flux magnétiques s'étendent à travers la palette (4) et la culasse (3), un enroulement (9) disposé sur la culasse (3), et des moyens formant ressort (10), qui, d'un côté, agissent sur une partie de palette (11) s'étendant au-delà d'une face de patte de culasse qui est dirigée à l'opposé de l'autre patte de culasse, la palette (4) prenant une première position sous l'influence du champ magnétique de l'aimant permanent (13), à l'encontre de la force d'élasticité des moyens formant ressort (10), et étant susceptible de prendre une deuxième position sous l'influence du champ magnétique créé par un courant électrique qui circule à travers l'enroulement (9) et dépasse une valeur limite pré-établie, grâce à quoi, de l'autre côté, les moyens formant ressort (10) agissent sur une saillie de culasse (12) s'étendant au-delà de la face de patte de culasse mentionnée ci-dessus à une certaine distance de la partie de palette saillante (11), caractérisée en ce que la palette (4) et la culasse sont constituées par une feuille de matériau magnétique plate.
  2. Unité de commande selon la revendication 1, munie d'un boítier, caractérisée en ce que la palette (14) et le boítier (2) sont dimensionnés de telle sorte qu'un arrêt pour la palette dans la deuxième position soit formé par une paroi opposée (17) du boítier.
  3. Unité de commande selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le point d'action des moyens formant ressort (10) sur la partie de palette saillante (11) est situé à une plus grande distance de la culasse que la face de la palette (4) dirigée à l'opposé de la culasse (3).
  4. Unité de commande selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la partie de palette saillante (11) est située à un certain angle par rapport à la palette (4).
  5. Unité de commande selon la revendication 1, 2, 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce qu'une patte de culasse (7) est plus large que l'autre patte de culasse (6) et dans la direction de la palette se fond en une partie plus étroite (16), de façon à former un espace de réception pour l'aimant permanent (13).
  6. Unité de commande selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que l'on peut faire coulisser l'aimant permanent (13) en direction de la patte rétrécie (16) et de façon à l'éloigner de celle-ci.
  7. Unité de commande selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'à l'extrémité de palette (20) qui peut être éloignée de la patte de culasse correspondante (7), la surface magnétiquement efficace de la palette (4) est limitée dans la direction de la longueur et de la largeur de la palette de telle sorte que ladite surface corresponde à la surface d'extrémité de la patte de palette correspondante (7) faisant face à la palette.
  8. Unité de commande selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la palette (4) du côté faisant face aux pattes de culasse (6, 7) est munie d'une cavité (21) qui est située entre les pattes de culasse (6, 7) et rejoint la patte de culasse (7) à l'écart de laquelle la palette (4) peut être déplacée.
  9. Procédé pour fabriquer l'unité de commande selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la palette (4) et la culasse (3) sont matricées à partir d'une feuille de matériau magnétiquement conducteur, la palette (4), la culasse (3), l'enroulement (9) et l'aimant permanent (13) sont assemblés, les moyens formant ressort (10) sont fixés à la palette (4) et à la culasse (3), et la totalité de l'ensemble comprenant la palette (4), la culasse (3), l'enroulement (9), l'aimant (13) et les moyens formant ressort (10) est fixé dans le boítier (2), et le capot de boítier est fixé sur le boítier.
EP19970203319 1996-11-05 1997-10-27 Dispositif de commande pour un interrupteur électrique et procédé pour sa fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0840343B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1004438A NL1004438C2 (nl) 1996-11-05 1996-11-05 Stuurinrichting voor een elektrische schakelaar en een werkwijze voor het vervaardigen daarvan.
NL1004438 1996-11-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0840343A1 EP0840343A1 (fr) 1998-05-06
EP0840343B1 true EP0840343B1 (fr) 2003-10-01

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19970203319 Expired - Lifetime EP0840343B1 (fr) 1996-11-05 1997-10-27 Dispositif de commande pour un interrupteur électrique et procédé pour sa fabrication

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0840343B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69725259T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0840343T3 (fr)
NL (1) NL1004438C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008003596A1 (de) * 2008-01-09 2009-07-23 Panasonic Electric Works Europe Ag Schalteinrichtung und Verfahren zum Einschalten eines Elektrogeräts
FR2987493B1 (fr) * 2012-02-29 2014-03-21 Hager Electro Sas Actionneur electromagnetique a grande force de deverrouillage

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1479460A (fr) * 1966-03-22 1967-05-05 Ind Electr De La Seine L Déclencheur électromagnétique sensible à réarmement
DE1564531A1 (de) * 1966-06-11 1969-10-16 Kurt Rabbeau Elektromagnetisches Relais
FR1559815A (fr) * 1968-01-23 1969-03-14
BE759996A (fr) * 1970-01-02 1971-05-17 Felten & Guilleaume Schaltanl Declencheur pour disjoncteur de protection a courant de defaut
FR2309031A1 (fr) * 1975-04-21 1976-11-19 Mang Ets Gerard Appareils d'interruption de circuits electriques
DE2656910C2 (de) * 1976-12-16 1985-08-29 Baco Constructions Electriques Anc. Baumgarten, Straßburg-Meinau Magnetsystem für einen Haltemagnetauslöser zur Verwendung in einem Fehlerstromschutzschalter
FR2630256B1 (fr) * 1988-04-14 1995-06-23 Merlin Gerin Declencheur electromagnetique a haute sensibilite
FR2697670B1 (fr) * 1992-11-04 1994-12-02 Merlin Gerin Relais constituant un actionneur mécanique pour déclencher un disjoncteur ou un interrupteur différentiel.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69725259D1 (de) 2003-11-06
EP0840343A1 (fr) 1998-05-06
DE69725259T2 (de) 2004-07-22
NL1004438C2 (nl) 1998-05-08
DK0840343T3 (da) 2003-11-17

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